مضاض أوروبي

Euonymus europaeus L.

are host of

• Global Biotic Interactions: Yponomeuta cagnagellus
• Global Biotic Interactions: Yponomeuta cagnagellus
• Global Biotic Interactions: Yponomeuta cagnagellus
• Global Biotic Interactions: Yponomeuta cagnagellus
• Global Biotic Interactions: Yponomeuta cagnagellus
• Global Biotic Interactions: Yponomeuta cagnagellus
• Global Biotic Interactions: Yponomeuta irrorellus
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phylloporia ribis (Schumach.) Ryvarden 1978
• Global Biotic Interactions: Bat coronavirus
• Global Biotic Interactions: Bat coronavirus
• Global Biotic Interactions: Ypsolopha mucronella
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Fusarium roseum Link 1809
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Cercospora euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phylloporia ribis (Schumach.) Ryvarden 1978
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Tubercularia euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Cercospora euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Cercospora euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Nectria cinnabarina (Tode) Fr. 1849
• Global Biotic Interactions: Pestalozzia funerea Desm.
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Boeremia exigua (Desm.) Aveskamp, Gruyter & Verkley 2010
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Pleospora herbarum
• Global Biotic Interactions: Dothichiza foveolaris (Fr.) Petr. 1921
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe penicillata (Wallr.) Link 1824
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Dothichiza foveolaris (Fr.) Petr. 1921
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phyllosticta destructiva Desm. 1847
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Dothichiza foveolaris (Fr.) Petr. 1921
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Microsphaera comata
• Global Biotic Interactions: Microsphaera comata
• Global Biotic Interactions: Microsphaera comata
• Global Biotic Interactions: Microsphaera comata
• Global Biotic Interactions: Acmispon junceus
• Global Biotic Interactions: Microsphaera comata
• Global Biotic Interactions: Microsphaera comata
• Global Biotic Interactions: Microsphaera comata
• Global Biotic Interactions: Microsphaera comata
• Global Biotic Interactions: Microsphaera comata
• Global Biotic Interactions: Microsphaera comata
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phyllosticta evonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Ramularia monachorum
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phyllosticta evonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phoma euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Ramularia celastri
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phomopsis lirelliformis (Sacc.) Bubák 1915
• Global Biotic Interactions: Dothiora moravica (Petr.) Froid. 1973
• Global Biotic Interactions: Agrobacterium tumefaciens
• Global Biotic Interactions: Dothiora moravica (Petr.) Froid. 1973
• Global Biotic Interactions: Agrobacterium tumefaciens
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phomopsis ramealis (Desm.) Died. 1911
• Global Biotic Interactions: Nectria cinnabarina (Tode) Fr. 1849
• Global Biotic Interactions: Discostroma corticola (Fuckel) Brockmann 1976
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phomopsis lirelliformis (Sacc.) Bubák 1915
• Global Biotic Interactions: Nectria cinnabarina (Tode) Fr. 1849
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phomopsis lirelliformis (Sacc.) Bubák 1915
• Global Biotic Interactions: Dothiora moravica (Petr.) Froid. 1973
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phomopsis ramealis (Desm.) Died. 1911
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phomopsis putator (Nitschke) Traverso 1906
• Global Biotic Interactions: Nectria cinnabarina (Tode) Fr. 1849
• Global Biotic Interactions: Dothiora moravica (Petr.) Froid. 1973
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phylloporia ribis (Schumach.) Ryvarden 1978
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phylloporia ribis (Schumach.) Ryvarden 1978
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phylloporia ribis (Schumach.) Ryvarden 1978
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phylloporia ribis (Schumach.) Ryvarden 1978
• Global Biotic Interactions: Samia walkeri
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phylloporia ribis (Schumach.) Ryvarden 1978
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phylloporia ribis (Schumach.) Ryvarden 1978
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phylloporia ribis (Schumach.) Ryvarden 1978
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phylloporia ribis (Schumach.) Ryvarden 1978
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phylloporia ribis (Schumach.) Ryvarden 1978
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phylloporia ribis (Schumach.) Ryvarden 1978
• Global Biotic Interactions: Yponomeuta cagnagella
• Global Biotic Interactions: Stenacis euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Chilocorus renipustulatus
• Global Biotic Interactions: Yponomeuta cagnagella
• Global Biotic Interactions: Yponomeuta cagnagella
• Global Biotic Interactions: Stenacis euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Yponomeuta cagnagella
• Global Biotic Interactions: Yponomeuta cagnagella
• Global Biotic Interactions: Stenacis euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Stenacis euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Yponomeuta cagnagella
• Global Biotic Interactions: Yponomeuta cagnagella
• Global Biotic Interactions: Leptosphaeria castagnei (Durieu & Mont.) Sacc. 1875
• Global Biotic Interactions: Marssonina capsulicola (Rostr.) Magnus 1906
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diplodia euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diplodia euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Marssonina thomasiana (Sacc.) Magnus 1906
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diplodia euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diplodia euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phyllosticta nemoralis
• Global Biotic Interactions: Marssonina thomasiana (Sacc.) Magnus 1906
• Global Biotic Interactions: Ascochyta euonymicola
• Global Biotic Interactions: Sirogloea euonymi Petr. 1923
• Global Biotic Interactions: Camarosporium euonymi Bres.
• Global Biotic Interactions: Ascochyta kabati-bubaki Săvul. & Sandu 1935
• Global Biotic Interactions: Marssonina thomasiana (Sacc.) Magnus 1906
• Global Biotic Interactions: Camarosporium euonymi Bres.
• Global Biotic Interactions: Marssonina thomasiana (Sacc.) Magnus 1906
• Global Biotic Interactions: Marssonina thomasiana (Sacc.) Magnus 1906
• Global Biotic Interactions: Marssonina thomasiana (Sacc.) Magnus 1906
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diplodia euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Ascochyta kabati-bubaki Săvul. & Sandu 1935
• Global Biotic Interactions: Asteromella euonymella (Sacc.) Aa & Vanev 2002
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diplodia euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diplodia euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phyllosticta pallens Ellis & Everh. 1900
• Global Biotic Interactions: Camarosporium euonymi Bres.
• Global Biotic Interactions: Botryodiplodia ramulicola (Desm.) Petr. 1925
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diplodia euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Camarosporium euonymi Bres.
• Global Biotic Interactions: Leptosphaeria castagnei (Durieu & Mont.) Sacc. 1875
• Global Biotic Interactions: Camarosporium euonymi Bres.
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diplodia euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diplodia euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diplodia euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Marssonina thomasiana (Sacc.) Magnus 1906
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diplodia euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Camarosporium euonymi Bres.
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diplodia euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diplodia euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Marssonina thomasiana (Sacc.) Magnus 1906
• Global Biotic Interactions: Camarosporium euonymi Bres.
• Global Biotic Interactions: Camarosporium euonymi Bres.
• Global Biotic Interactions: Camarosporium euonymi Bres.
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phyllosticta nemoralis
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Sclerotium euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Myxofusicoccum euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Sclerotium euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Sclerotium euonymi
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Dothichiza foveolaris (Fr.) Petr. 1921
• Global Biotic Interactions: Dothichiza foveolaris (Fr.) Petr. 1921
• Global Biotic Interactions: Dothichiza foveolaris (Fr.) Petr. 1921
• Global Biotic Interactions: Dothichiza foveolaris (Fr.) Petr. 1921
• Global Biotic Interactions: Dothichiza foveolaris (Fr.) Petr. 1921
• Global Biotic Interactions: Coniothyrium olivaceum Bonord. 1869
• Global Biotic Interactions: Cercosporella euonymi Erikss.
• Global Biotic Interactions: Cercosporella euonymi Erikss.
• Global Biotic Interactions: Cercosporella euonymi Erikss.
• Global Biotic Interactions: Dothichiza foveolaris (Fr.) Petr. 1921
• Global Biotic Interactions: Dothichiza foveolaris (Fr.) Petr. 1921
• Global Biotic Interactions: Dothichiza foveolaris (Fr.) Petr. 1921
• Global Biotic Interactions: Dothiorella sarmentorum (Fr.) A. J. L. Phillips, A. Alves & J. Luque 2005
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diaporthe laschii Nitschke 1870
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diaporthe laschii Nitschke 1870
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diaporthe laschii Nitschke 1870
• Global Biotic Interactions: Cytospora eriogoni W. B. Cooke 1952
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe polygoni DC. 1821
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diaporthe laschii Nitschke 1870
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diaporthe laschii Nitschke 1870
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diaporthe laschii Nitschke 1870
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diaporthe laschii Nitschke 1870
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diaporthe laschii Nitschke 1870
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diaporthe laschii Nitschke 1870
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diaporthe laschii Nitschke 1870
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diaporthe laschii Nitschke 1870
• Global Biotic Interactions: Lopharia cinerascens (Schwein.) G. Cunn. 1956
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diaporthe laschii Nitschke 1870
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Cepaea hortensis (O. F. Müller 1774) (حلزون أبيض الطرف)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Unaspis euonymi (Comstock 1881)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Unaspis euonymi (Comstock 1881)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Unaspis euonymi (Comstock 1881)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Lasioglossum audasi (Cockerell 1945)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Mycosphaerella evonymi (Kunze)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Mycosphaerella evonymi (Kunze)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Mycosphaerella evonymi (Kunze)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Asteromella euonymella (Sacc.) Aa & Vanev 2002
• Global Biotic Interactions: Asteromella euonymella (Sacc.) Aa & Vanev 2002
• Global Biotic Interactions: Asteromella euonymella (Sacc.) Aa & Vanev 2002
• Global Biotic Interactions: Yponomeuta irrorellus
• Global Biotic Interactions: Cucurbitaria spartii (Nees ex Fr.) Ces. & De Not. 1863
• Global Biotic Interactions: Cucurbitaria spartii (Nees ex Fr.) Ces. & De Not. 1863
• Global Biotic Interactions: Yponomeuta irrorellus
• Global Biotic Interactions: Yponomeuta plumbellus
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phyllactinia alnicola U. Braun 2012
• Global Biotic Interactions: Yponomeuta plumbellus
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phyllactinia alnicola U. Braun 2012
• Global Biotic Interactions: Yponomeuta plumbellus
• Global Biotic Interactions: Yponomeuta irrorellus
• Global Biotic Interactions: Cucurbitaria spartii (Nees ex Fr.) Ces. & De Not. 1863
• Global Biotic Interactions: Cucurbitaria spartii (Nees ex Fr.) Ces. & De Not. 1863
• Global Biotic Interactions: Coniothyrium olivaceum Bonord. 1869
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melampsora epitea Thüm. 1879
• Global Biotic Interactions: Cucurbitaria spartii (Nees ex Fr.) Ces. & De Not. 1863
• Global Biotic Interactions: Xylodon sambuci (Pers.)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Cucurbitaria spartii (Nees ex Fr.) Ces. & De Not. 1863
• Global Biotic Interactions: Septogloeum carthusianum (Sacc.) Sacc. 1880
• Global Biotic Interactions: Septogloeum carthusianum (Sacc.) Sacc. 1880
• Global Biotic Interactions: Septogloeum carthusianum (Sacc.) Sacc. 1880
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phomopsis velata (Sacc.) Traverso 1906
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe penicillata (Wallr.) Link 1824
• Global Biotic Interactions: Septogloeum carthusianum (Sacc.) Sacc. 1880
• Global Biotic Interactions: Septogloeum carthusianum (Sacc.) Sacc. 1880
• Global Biotic Interactions: Septogloeum carthusianum (Sacc.) Sacc. 1880
• Global Biotic Interactions: Septogloeum carthusianum (Sacc.) Sacc. 1880
• Global Biotic Interactions: Septogloeum carthusianum (Sacc.) Sacc. 1880
• Global Biotic Interactions: Septogloeum carthusianum (Sacc.) Sacc. 1880
• Global Biotic Interactions: Septogloeum carthusianum (Sacc.) Sacc. 1880
• Global Biotic Interactions: Septogloeum carthusianum (Sacc.) Sacc. 1880
• Global Biotic Interactions: Septogloeum carthusianum (Sacc.) Sacc. 1880
• Global Biotic Interactions: Synanthedon tipuliformis Clerck 1759
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phyllosticta destructiva Desm. 1847
• Global Biotic Interactions: Samia cynthia (Drury 1773) (عثة الأيلنط الحريرية)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Ligdia adustata Schiffermüller 1775
• Global Biotic Interactions: Euonymus europaeus L. (مضاض أوروبي)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Biston betularia Linnaeus 1758 (عثة مفلفلة)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Diatrypella favacea (Fr.) Ces. & De Not. 1863
• Global Biotic Interactions: Helminthosporium velutinum Link 1809
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phylloporia ribis (Schumach.) Ryvarden 1978
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phyllactinia guttata (Wallr.) Lév. 1851
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Pestalotiopsis neglecta (Thüm.) Steyaert 1953
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Septoria euonymi Rabenh. 1848
• Global Biotic Interactions: Trematosphaeria pertusa Fuckel 1870
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymi DC. 1815
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phylloporia ribis (Schumach.) Ryvarden 1978
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phylloporia ribis (Schumach.) Ryvarden 1978
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phylloporia ribis (Schumach.) Ryvarden 1978
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phylloporia ribis (Schumach.) Ryvarden 1978
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phylloporia ribis (Schumach.) Ryvarden 1978
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phylloporia ribis (Schumach.) Ryvarden 1978
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phylloporia ribis (Schumach.) Ryvarden 1978
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phylloporia ribis (Schumach.) Ryvarden 1978
• Global Biotic Interactions: Botryodiplodia ramulicola (Desm.) Petr. 1925
• Global Biotic Interactions: Botryosphaeria stevensii Shoemaker 1964
• Global Biotic Interactions: Botryodiplodia ramulicola (Desm.) Petr. 1925
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phyllactinia guttata (Wallr.) Lév. 1851
• Global Biotic Interactions: Erysiphe euonymicola U. Braun 2012
• Global Biotic Interactions: Septogloeum thomasianum
• Global Biotic Interactions: Botryodiplodia ramulicola (Desm.) Petr. 1925
• Global Biotic Interactions: Botryodiplodia ramulicola (Desm.) Petr. 1925
• Global Biotic Interactions: Botryodiplodia ramulicola (Desm.) Petr. 1925
• Global Biotic Interactions: Septogloeum thomasianum
• Global Biotic Interactions: Botryodiplodia ramulicola (Desm.) Petr. 1925
• Global Biotic Interactions: Botryodiplodia ramulicola (Desm.) Petr. 1925
• Global Biotic Interactions: Botryodiplodia ramulicola (Desm.) Petr. 1925
• Global Biotic Interactions: Botryodiplodia ramulicola (Desm.) Petr. 1925
• Global Biotic Interactions: Botryodiplodia ramulicola (Desm.) Petr. 1925
• Global Biotic Interactions: Lopharia cinerascens (Schwein.) G. Cunn. 1956
• Global Biotic Interactions: Botryodiplodia ramulicola (Desm.) Petr. 1925
• Global Biotic Interactions: Botryodiplodia ramulicola (Desm.) Petr. 1925
• Global Biotic Interactions: Schizopora paradoxa (Schrad.) Donk 1967
• Global Biotic Interactions: Septogloeum thomasianum
• Global Biotic Interactions: Sphaeria euonymi