Orioles are colourful Old World passerine birds in the genus Oriolus, the type genus of the corvoidean family Oriolidae. They are not closely related to the New World orioles, which are icterids (family Icteridae) that belong to the superfamily Passeroidea.
The genus Oriolus was erected in 1766 by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in the 12th edition of his Systema Naturae.[1] The type species is the golden oriole (Oriolus oriolus).[2] In 1760, French ornithologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson in his Ornithologie used Oriolus as a subdivision of the genus Turdus,[3] but the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature ruled in 1955 that "Oriolus Brisson, 1760" should be suppressed.[4] Linnaeus added more than a dozen additional genera when he updated his 10th edition, but he generally based new genera on those that had been introduced by Brisson in his Ornithologie. Oriolus is now the only genus for which Linnaeus's 12th edition is cited as the original publication.[5][6] The name is derived from the old French word oriol, which is echoic in origin, derived from the call of the bird,[7] but others have suggested origins in classical Latin aureolus meaning "golden". Various forms of "oriole" have existed in Romance languages since the 12th and 13th centuries.[8]
szalayi
melanotis
flavocinctus
sagitattusphaeochromus
bouroensis
forsteni
chlorocephalus
brachyrhynchus
xanthornus
nigripennis
percivali
larvatus
monacha
diffusus
oriolus
kundoo
chinensis (part)
melanisticus
maculatus
auratus
hosii
cruentus
mellianus
trailli
xanthonotus
steerei
albiloris
isabellae
Relatedness of species within the genus: Two forms that have not been included in the sequencing and analysis are O. crassirostris, which is expected to be close to O. brachyrhynchus, and O. tenuirostris, which is expected to be close to O. diffusus[9]The genus contains 30 species:[6][10]
Formerly, some authorities also considered these species (or subspecies) as species within the genus Oriolus:
The orioles are a mainly tropical group, although one species, the Eurasian golden oriole, breeds in temperate regions.
Orioles are colourful Old World passerine birds in the genus Oriolus, the type genus of the corvoidean family Oriolidae. They are not closely related to the New World orioles, which are icterids (family Icteridae) that belong to the superfamily Passeroidea.
