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Morphology ( الإنجليزية )

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The golden horseshoe bat typically has bright orange pelage, but regional variants occur. The head and body length of this bat averages 50mm, with an average tail length of 25mm. The species is sexually dimorphic in size, with females weighing significantly less than males (females average 7.6g, whereas males average 8.4 g).

Other Physical Features: endothermic ; bilateral symmetry

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Habitat ( الإنجليزية )

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This species is very selective in choosing hot, humid roosting sites. Roosts have been reported to be 30-32 C with 90-100% relative humidity. Golden horseshoe bats forage in open woodlands near their roosting caves.

Terrestrial Biomes: forest ; rainforest

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Distribution ( الإنجليزية )

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This species is found in northern and northwestern Australia.

Biogeographic Regions: australian (Native ); arctic ocean (Native )

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Trophic Strategy ( الإنجليزية )

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The golden horseshoe bat is insectivorous. These animals emerge from their roosting sites 0.5 to1.5 hours after sunset. They forage for insect prey while flying one to three meters above the vegetation. Primary prey items of this species include moths and beetles, but shield bugs, parasitic wasps, ants and weevils are also eaten.

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Benefits ( الإنجليزية )

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May help to control the populations of harmful insects.

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Conservation Status ( الإنجليزية )

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There is insufficient knowledge of this species to accurately determine its status. Rhinonicteris aurantia is the only species in the genus, and it has a limited geographic distribution. Its status has been described as sparse. There is an annecdotal account of an attempt to preserve roosting habitat. One colony of about 5000 bats was heavily visited by tourists. Conservationists, fearing the fate of bats so frequently disturbed by humans, placed a mesh screen over the opening to the cave in order to keep tourists out while allowing the bats free access to and from the cave. Unfortunately, the plan did not work. The bat population decreased drastically after the mesh screen was erected. It has since been removed, and the bat colony has stabilized at about 2000 individuals.

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: least concern

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Behavior ( الإنجليزية )

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Perception Channels: tactile ; chemical

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Reproduction ( الإنجليزية )

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Little is known about the reproductive cycle of the golden horseshoe bat. The animal is thought to breed during the wet season, which in Northern Australia is from October through April.

Key Reproductive Features: gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual

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Ratpenat nasofoliat taronja ( الكتالونية )

المقدمة من wikipedia CA

El ratpenat nasofoliat taronja (Rhinonicteris aurantia) és una espècie de ratpenat de la família dels rinonictèrids.

És l'única espècie del seu gènere i és endèmica d'Austràlia.

Referències

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Ratpenat nasofoliat taronja: Brief Summary ( الكتالونية )

المقدمة من wikipedia CA

El ratpenat nasofoliat taronja (Rhinonicteris aurantia) és una espècie de ratpenat de la família dels rinonictèrids.

És l'única espècie del seu gènere i és endèmica d'Austràlia.

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Orange leaf-nosed bat ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من wikipedia EN

The orange leaf-nosed bat (Rhinonicteris aurantia) is a bat in the family Hipposideridae.[3] It is the only living species in the genus Rhinonicteris[3] which is endemic to Australia, occurring in the far north and north-west of the continent. They roost in caves, eat moths, and are sensitive to human intrusion.

Description

A small bat weighing 7–11 grams that resides in large colonies of subterranean environs, usually caves and abandoned mines. The colour of the fur is variable between individuals, brownish, a reddish orange shade, lemon-yellow or white.[4][5] The forearm measurement range from 42 to 46.[4] A complex structure—a characteristic of some bats referred to as 'nose-leaf'—is broad and flattened at the base, with a central gap, similar to a horseshoe-shape of related species. The top of the leaf-shaped structure is scalloped, and the nasal pits deeply recessed, an opening behind this structure leads from an enlarged secretory gland.[4] The noseleaf does not have by any forwardly projecting parts at the deep cleft of the lower section.[5] The ears, which are smaller than similar species, are sharply pointed at the top.[4]

The measurements for the head and body combined are 43 to 53 millimetres.[5]

Taxonomy

Rhinonicteris aurantia is a species of bat, currently allied to the family Hipposideridae that groups some 'leaf-nosed bats'. The first description was published by John Edward Gray in 1845, placing the species in genus Rhinolophus.[2][6] The syntype for the species in located at the British Museum of Natural History, the note stating it was collected at Port Essington "near the hospital".[6] Gould elucidates the type's collection as an animal shot from the air by Dr. Sibbald of the Royal Navy.[7][6]

A western form is distinguished from the northern population, superficially similar yet genetically distinct, this remote group in is identified separately for its conservation status assessment as the Pilbara form and may be a separate taxon.[4][5]

The genus name published as Rhinonycteris Gray, J.E. 1866 has been regarded as a later correction by Gray, but this has also been determined to be an unjustified emendation.[8][6] The specific epithet has also taken the spelling "aurantius", likewise considered incorrect in this generic combination.[7][3] Common names include the orange leaf-nosed bat, and the golden or orange horseshoe bat.[6]

Distribution

The range of Rhinonicteris aurantia is across the north of the continent—the Top End and Kakadu—which encompasses the northernmost part of the Northern Territory, and extends into of Western Australia and north-west Queensland. A geographically separate population is found in the Pilbara region of the north-west.[4] The westernmost point of the distribution range is around Derby, Western Australia and extends from here to the east at Lawn Hill, Queensland.[5]

One site noted for its large colony, numbering in the thousands, is located at Tolmer Falls in the Lichfield National Park. A preference is also given to larger sites amongst the Kimberley limestone caves, where the largest colonies of the species occur. At Tunnel Creek the bat is found co-habiting and hunting with several other bat species.[4]

The habit of flying close to the ground sees the species collected by the grille of road trains, frequently transporting them en route from Katherine to the north of the state.[4]

Ecology

As with many bats in arid regions, they are insectivores.[4] R. aurantia is found in large caves cohabiting with others bat species. These include the yellow-lipped Vespadelus douglasorum, northern bentwing Miniopterus orianae, the western cave bat and ghost bat Macroderma gigas.[4] The preferred cave environ is warm and humid, other opportunities for roosting sites include tree hollows. The colony may number in the thousands, but the individuals also cluster in groups of twenty and over.[9]

The diet of insects includes various beetles, weevils, bugs, wasps and ants, but the common prey is moths. They venture out several times during their night-time hunting activities.[9]

A new species of parasite, Opthalmodex australiensis,[10] was found on a specimen of the bat, this minute organism seems to occur in the eye as a low grade infestation and subsist on epithelial tissue.[11] Another organism, Chiroptella geikiensis, a species of the chigger family Trombiculidae was discovered on specimens of this bat.[12][13]

Illustration of "Rhinolophus aurantius". Gould and H. C. Richter, 1863

The colony may desert a site if intruded upon by visitors, the species is noted as even more susceptible to human activities near their roosts than other bats. Direct threats include destruction of habitat by mining, clearing for agriculture and pastoralism that results in the loss of food resources.[9]

A species describing fossil material found at the Riversleigh site in Northern Queensland, Brachipposideros nooraleebus, closely resemble this species.[14] The only described species of the genus is based on Miocene fossils also found at Riversleigh.[15]

The conservation status of the species is least concern.[1] The population identified as the Pilbara form is vulnerable to extinction.[5]

References

  1. ^ a b Armstrong, K.; Reardon, T.; Woinarski, J.; Burbidge, A.A. (2017). "Rhinonicteris aurantia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T19589A21998626. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T19589A21998626.en. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b Gray, J.E. 1845. Description of some new Australian animals. Appendix. pp. 405-411 in Eyre, E.J. (ed.). Journals of Expeditions of Discovery into Central Australia and Overland from Adelaide to King George's Sound in the Years 1840-1; sent by the colonists of South Australia, with the sanction and support of the Government: including an account of the manners and customs of the Aborigines and the state of their relations with Europeans. London : T. & W. Boone Vol. 1. [405].
  3. ^ a b c Simmons, N.B. (2005). "Order Chiroptera". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 378. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Richards, G.C.; Hall, L.S.; Parish, S. (photography) (2012). A natural history of Australian bats : working the night shift. CSIRO Pub. pp. 12, 16, 17, 18, 42, 48, 157. ISBN 9780643103740.
  5. ^ a b c d e f Menkhorst, P.W.; Knight, F. (2011). A field guide to the mammals of Australia (3rd ed.). Melbourne: Oxford University Press. p. 146. ISBN 9780195573954.
  6. ^ a b c d e "Species Rhinonicteris aurantia (J.E. Gray, 1845)". Australian Faunal Directory. Australian Government. Retrieved 31 December 2018.
  7. ^ a b Gould, John (1863). The mammals of Australia. Vol. 3. Printed by Taylor and Francis, pub. by the author. pp. pl.35 et seq.
  8. ^ Gray, John Edward (1866). "A revision of the genera of Rhinolophidae, or horseshoe bats". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 1866: 81–83. ISSN 0370-2774.
  9. ^ a b c "Orange Leaf-nosed Bat, Scientific name: Rhinonicteris aurantius". The Australian Museum. 2018-10-12. Retrieved 31 December 2018.
  10. ^ "Ophthalmodex australiensis". Atlas of Living Australia. Australian Government. Retrieved 4 January 2019.
  11. ^ Woeltjes, A. G. W.; Lukoschus, F. S. (1981). "Parasites of Western Australia XIV Two new species of Ophthalmodex Lukoschus and Nutting (Acarina: Prostigmata: Demodicidae) from the eyes of bats". Records of the Western Australian Museum. 9 (3): 307–313. ISSN 0312-3162.
  12. ^ Lee Goff, M. (1979). "Species of chigger (Acari Trombiculidae) from the orange horseshoe bat Rhinonicteris aurantius". Records of the Western Australian Museum. 8 (1): 93–96. ISSN 0312-3162.
  13. ^ Halliday, R. B. (1998). Mites of Australia: A Checklist and Bibliography. Csiro Publishing. p. 2093. ISBN 9780643105898.
  14. ^ Hand, Suzanne J. (1993). "First skull of a species of Hipposideros (Brachipposideros) (Microchiroptera: Hipposideridae). from Australian Miocene sediments". Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 33: 179–192. ISSN 0079-8835.
  15. ^ Foley, Nicole M.; Thong, Vu Dinh; Soisook, Pipat; Goodman, Steven M.; Armstrong, Kyle N.; Jacobs, David S.; Puechmaille, Sébastien J.; Teeling, Emma C. (February 2015). "How and Why Overcome the Impediments to Resolution: Lessons from rhinolophid and hipposiderid Bats". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 32 (2): 313–333. doi:10.1093/molbev/msu329. PMC 4769323. PMID 25433366.
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Orange leaf-nosed bat: Brief Summary ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من wikipedia EN

The orange leaf-nosed bat (Rhinonicteris aurantia) is a bat in the family Hipposideridae. It is the only living species in the genus Rhinonicteris which is endemic to Australia, occurring in the far north and north-west of the continent. They roost in caves, eat moths, and are sensitive to human intrusion.

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Rhinonicteris aurantia ( الإسبانية، القشتالية )

المقدمة من wikipedia ES

Rhinonicteris aurantia es una especie de murciélago de la familia Hipposideridae. Es endémica de Australia. Es la única especie del género Rhinonicteris.[1]

Referencias

  1. WILSON, D.Y.; REEDER, D.M. (Eds.) (ed.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 edición).
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Rhinonicteris aurantia: Brief Summary ( الإسبانية، القشتالية )

المقدمة من wikipedia ES

Rhinonicteris aurantia es una especie de murciélago de la familia Hipposideridae. Es endémica de Australia. Es la única especie del género Rhinonicteris.​

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Rhinonicteris aurantia ( الباسكية )

المقدمة من wikipedia EU

Rhinonicteris aurantia Rhinonicteris generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Hipposideridae familian sailkatuta dago.

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez)Mammals - full taxonomy and Red List status Ugaztun guztien egoera 2008an
  2. Gray (1845) 1 In Eyre 405. or..

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Rhinonicteris aurantia: Brief Summary ( الباسكية )

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Rhinonicteris aurantia Rhinonicteris generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Hipposideridae familian sailkatuta dago.

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Rhinonicteris aurantia ( الفرنسية )

المقدمة من wikipedia FR

Rhinonicteris aurantia est une espèce de chauves-souris, la seule du genre Rhinonicteris.

Voir aussi

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Rhinonicteris aurantia: Brief Summary ( الفرنسية )

المقدمة من wikipedia FR

Rhinonicteris aurantia est une espèce de chauves-souris, la seule du genre Rhinonicteris.

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Rhinonicteris aurantia ( الإيطالية )

المقدمة من wikipedia IT

Rhinonicteris aurantia (Gray, 1845) è un pipistrello della famiglia dei Rinonitteridi, unica specie del genere Rhinonicteris (Gray, 1847), endemico dell'Australia.[1][2]

Descrizione

Dimensioni

Pipistrello di piccole dimensioni, con la lunghezza della testa e del corpo tra 43 e 53 mm, la lunghezza dell'avambraccio tra 45 e 50 mm, la lunghezza della coda tra 24 e 28 mm, la lunghezza delle orecchie tra 12 e 13,6 mm e un peso fino a 11 g.[3]

Caratteristiche craniche e dentarie

La forma del cranio è simile a quella delle forme del genere Hipposideros. Il rostro è rigonfio e più basso della scatola cranica. Le ossa pre-mascellari sono insolitamente spesse e formano lungo la superficie di contatto una cresta che termina anteriormente in una distinta punta rivolta all'indietro. Le arcate zigomatiche sono notevolmente ingrossate nella parte posteriore. La cresta sagittale inizia alta a metà della parte posteriore della scatola cranica. Il canino superiore ha una cuspide secondaria ben sviluppata.

Sono caratterizzati dalla seguente formula dentaria:

3 2 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 2 1 2 2 1 2 3 Totale: 30 1.Incisivi; 2.Canini; 3.Premolari; 4.Molari;

Aspetto

La pelliccia è corta, fine e setosa. Il colore generale del corpo è arancione dorato, sebbene alcuni individui siano completamente giallo-brunastri. Il muso è ottuso, compresso lateralmente ed è interamente ricoperto da una foglia nasale formata da una porzione anteriore pentagonale, con due distinte fogliette supplementari laterali unite alla base e da una porzione posteriore sormontata da un processo a forma di corona, con diverse piccole celle che si aprono lungo il margine superiore ed una più grande situata al centro. Le labbra sono ricoperte anteriormente di piccole papille. Le orecchie sono corte, triangolari, con l'estremità appuntita, il margine interno convesso e quello posteriore diritto alla base per poi arrotondarsi verso l'estremità. La coda è ben sviluppata, più lunga del femore ed è inclusa completamente nell'ampio uropatagio. Il calcar è relativamente lungo.

Ecolocazione

Emette ultrasuoni sotto forma di impulsi formati da una parte centrale a frequenza costante e da due parti a frequenza modulata, con picchi fino a 120,99±1,91 kHz[4].

Biologia

Comportamento

Si rifugia all'interno di grotte o miniere in disuso, dove forma colonie da 20 a 20 000 individui, spesso insieme al Pipistrello fantasma. Nelle stagioni secche normalmente riposa nelle caverne, mentre nelle stagioni umide si disperde ed utilizza altri siti oltre le grotte come edifici e probabilmente anche cavità degli alberi. Non è in grado di abbassare la sua temperatura corporea attraverso stati di torpore ma diviene letargico se esposto ad ambienti con temperature inferiori a 20 °C. Solitamente inizia la caccia tra mezz'ora e un'ora e mezza dopo il tramonto.

Alimentazione

Si nutre di insetti, principalmente di falene e termiti volanti, catturati in volo a circa 1-3 metri sopra la vegetazione, in ambienti aperti, incluse praterie e anche lungo le strade.

Riproduzione

Le femmine danno alla luce un piccolo alla volta durante la stagione umida tra ottobre ed aprile. Non sono però noti i luoghi dove le femmine partoriscono. Le femmine raggiungono la maturità sessuale dopo 7 mesi, mentre i maschi dopo 16. L'aspettativa di vita è di circa 10 anni.

Distribuzione e habitat

 src=
Illustrazione di Rhinonicteris aurantia

Questa specie è diffusa nell'Australia Occidentale settentrionale e nord-occidentale, Territorio del Nord settentrionale, Isola Bathurst e Queensland nord-occidentale.

Vive in grotte preferibilmente umide all'interno di boschi aperti.

Tassonomia

Gli individui della regione di Pilbara, nell'Australia Occidentale, potrebbero appartenere ad una specie distinta.

Stato di conservazione

La IUCN Red List, considerato il vasto areale, la tolleranza a diversi tipi di habitat e la popolazione numerosa, classifica R.aurantia come specie a rischio minimo (LC).[1]

Note

  1. ^ a b c (EN) McKenzie, N. & Hall, L. 2008, Rhinonicteris aurantia, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.
  2. ^ (EN) D.E. Wilson e D.M. Reeder, Rhinonicteris aurantia, in Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3ª ed., Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4.
  3. ^ Menkhorst & Knight, 2001.
  4. ^ Kyle N.Armstrong & Roger B.Coles, Echolocation call frequency differences between geographic isolates of Rhinonicteris aurantia (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae): Implications of nasal chamber size (PDF), in Journal of Mammalogy, vol. 88, n. 1, 2007, pp. 94-104.

Bibliografia

  • Ronald M. Novak, Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th edition, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999. ISBN 9780801857898
  • Peter Menkhorst & Frank Knight, A Field Guide to the Mammals of Australia, Oxford University Press, USA, 2001, ISBN 9780195508703.

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Rhinonicteris aurantia: Brief Summary ( الإيطالية )

المقدمة من wikipedia IT

Rhinonicteris aurantia (Gray, 1845) è un pipistrello della famiglia dei Rinonitteridi, unica specie del genere Rhinonicteris (Gray, 1847), endemico dell'Australia.

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Rhinonicteris aurantia ( البلجيكية الهولندية )

المقدمة من wikipedia NL

Rhinonicteris aurantia is een vleermuis uit het geslacht Rhinonicteris, waarvan het de enige nog levende soort is, die voorkomt in het noorden van Australië, in de Pilbara en de Kimberley (West-Australië) en in het noorden van het Noordelijk Territorium tot in het noordwesten van Queensland. De populatie in de Pilbara vertegenwoordigt mogelijk een aparte soort of ondersoort. Soms wordt de soortnaam aurantius in plaats van aurantia en/of de geslachtsnaam Rhinonycteris in plaats van Rhinonicteris gebruikt; dit is echter technisch incorrect.

R. aurantia is een kleine bladneusvleermuis. De vacht is oranje. De oren zijn klein en het neusblad is relatief simpel. De kop-romplengte bedraagt 43 tot 53 mm, de voorarmlengte 45 tot 50 mm, de oorlengte 12 tot 13,6 mm en het gewicht 7 tot 11 g.

Deze soort gebruikt in de droge tijd natte grotten als slaapplaatsen en gaat daar dan niet ver vandaan, maar in de regentijd is het dier daar minder van afhankelijk. Zoals zoveel vleermuizen leeft R. aurantia van in de lucht gevangen insecten. In de regentijd worden de jongen geboren.

Literatuur

  • Armstrong, K.N. 2006. Resolving the correct nomenclature of the orange leaf-nosed bat Rhinonicteris aurantia (Gray, 1845) (Hipposideridae). Australian Mammalogy 28:125-130.
  • Menkhorst, P. & Knight, F. 2001. A Field Guide to the Mammals of Australia. South Melbourne: Oxford University Press, x+269 pp. ISBN 0 19 550870 X
  • Simmons, N.B. 2005. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 312-529 in Wilson, D.E. & Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference. 3rd ed. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2 vols., 2142 pp. ISBN 0-8018-8221-4
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Rhinonicteris aurantia: Brief Summary ( البلجيكية الهولندية )

المقدمة من wikipedia NL

Rhinonicteris aurantia is een vleermuis uit het geslacht Rhinonicteris, waarvan het de enige nog levende soort is, die voorkomt in het noorden van Australië, in de Pilbara en de Kimberley (West-Australië) en in het noorden van het Noordelijk Territorium tot in het noordwesten van Queensland. De populatie in de Pilbara vertegenwoordigt mogelijk een aparte soort of ondersoort. Soms wordt de soortnaam aurantius in plaats van aurantia en/of de geslachtsnaam Rhinonycteris in plaats van Rhinonicteris gebruikt; dit is echter technisch incorrect.

R. aurantia is een kleine bladneusvleermuis. De vacht is oranje. De oren zijn klein en het neusblad is relatief simpel. De kop-romplengte bedraagt 43 tot 53 mm, de voorarmlengte 45 tot 50 mm, de oorlengte 12 tot 13,6 mm en het gewicht 7 tot 11 g.

Deze soort gebruikt in de droge tijd natte grotten als slaapplaatsen en gaat daar dan niet ver vandaan, maar in de regentijd is het dier daar minder van afhankelijk. Zoals zoveel vleermuizen leeft R. aurantia van in de lucht gevangen insecten. In de regentijd worden de jongen geboren.

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Rhinonicteris aurantia ( البرتغالية )

المقدمة من wikipedia PT

Rhinonicteris aurantia é uma espécie de morcego da família Hipposideridae. É endêmica da Austrália. É a única espécie do gênero Rhinonicteris.[2]

Referências

  1. McKENZIE, N.; HALL, L. (2008). Rhinonicteris aurantia (em inglês). IUCN 2010. Lista Vermelha de Espécies Ameaçadas da IUCN de 2010 . Página visitada em 17 de outubro de 2010..
  2. SIMMONS, N.B. (2005). WILSON, D.E.; REEDER, D.M. (Eds.), ed. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. 1 3 ed. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 312–529. ISBN 9780801882210
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Rhinonicteris aurantia: Brief Summary ( البرتغالية )

المقدمة من wikipedia PT

Rhinonicteris aurantia é uma espécie de morcego da família Hipposideridae. É endêmica da Austrália. É a única espécie do gênero Rhinonicteris.

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Rhinonicteris aurantia ( السويدية )

المقدمة من wikipedia SV


Rhinonicteris aurantia[3][4][5][6] är en fladdermusart som först beskrevs av Gray 1845. Rhinonicteris aurantia är ensam i släktet Rhinonicteris som ingår i familjen rundbladnäsor.[7] IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig.[1] Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.[8]

Individerna når en kroppslängd (huvud och bål) av 45 till 53 mm, en svanslängd av 24 till 28 mm och en vikt av 8 till 10 g. Underarmarna är 47 till 50 mm långa. Denna fladdermus har vanligen en blek orange päls på ovansidan och en ännu blekare päls på buken. Några individer är mera limegröna till vitaktiga. Det centrala bladet (hudfliken) på näsan liknar en treudd. Kring bladet finns en rund hudflik. De korta och spetsiga öronen är något framåtriktad och täcker delvis ögonen.[2]

Denna fladdermus förekommer med två populationer i norra respektive nordvästra Australien. Den hittas även på några öar i området.[1] Habitatet varierar mellan olika slags skogar, mangrove och gräsmarker.[2]

Rhinonicteris aurantia vilar allmänt i fuktiga grottor. Temperaturen i grottan ligger vanligen mellan 28 och 32 °C. Där bildas flockar eller stora kolonier med 20 till 20 000 medlemmar. Under regntiden uppsöker de även byggnader och troligen trädens håligheter för att vila. I grottor håller de cirka 15 cm avstånd från varandra. Individerna lämnar gömstället efter solnedgången och jagar nattfjärilar samt andra insekter. Därför flyger de oftast några meter över marken. Fortplantningen sker under regntiden mellan oktober och april. Per kull föds en unge.[2][1]

Källor

  1. ^ [a b c d] 2008 Rhinonicteris aurantia Från: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 <www.iucnredlist.org>. Läst 2012-10-24.
  2. ^ [a b c d] Ronald M. Nowak, red (1999). ”Golden Horseshoe Bat” (på engelska). Walker’s Mammals of the World. The Johns Hopkins University Press. sid. 339-340. ISBN 0-8018-5789-9
  3. ^ Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. (1992) , Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing
  4. ^ Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole (2000) , Common Names of Mammals of the World
  5. ^ (2003) , website, 2002 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 07-Nov-2003
  6. ^ ITIS: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Orrell T. (custodian), 2011-04-26
  7. ^ (2005) , website Hipposideridae, Mammal Species of the World
  8. ^ Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.) (27 april 2011). ”Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.”. Species 2000: Reading, UK. http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/rhinonicteris+aurantia/match/1. Läst 24 september 2012.

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Rhinonicteris aurantia: Brief Summary ( السويدية )

المقدمة من wikipedia SV


Rhinonicteris aurantia är en fladdermusart som först beskrevs av Gray 1845. Rhinonicteris aurantia är ensam i släktet Rhinonicteris som ingår i familjen rundbladnäsor. IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Individerna når en kroppslängd (huvud och bål) av 45 till 53 mm, en svanslängd av 24 till 28 mm och en vikt av 8 till 10 g. Underarmarna är 47 till 50 mm långa. Denna fladdermus har vanligen en blek orange päls på ovansidan och en ännu blekare päls på buken. Några individer är mera limegröna till vitaktiga. Det centrala bladet (hudfliken) på näsan liknar en treudd. Kring bladet finns en rund hudflik. De korta och spetsiga öronen är något framåtriktad och täcker delvis ögonen.

Denna fladdermus förekommer med två populationer i norra respektive nordvästra Australien. Den hittas även på några öar i området. Habitatet varierar mellan olika slags skogar, mangrove och gräsmarker.

Rhinonicteris aurantia vilar allmänt i fuktiga grottor. Temperaturen i grottan ligger vanligen mellan 28 och 32 °C. Där bildas flockar eller stora kolonier med 20 till 20 000 medlemmar. Under regntiden uppsöker de även byggnader och troligen trädens håligheter för att vila. I grottor håller de cirka 15 cm avstånd från varandra. Individerna lämnar gömstället efter solnedgången och jagar nattfjärilar samt andra insekter. Därför flyger de oftast några meter över marken. Fortplantningen sker under regntiden mellan oktober och april. Per kull föds en unge.

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Rhinonicteris aurantia ( الأوكرانية )

المقدمة من wikipedia UK

Rhinonicteris aurantia — є одним з видів кажанів родини Hipposideridae. Етимологія: дав.-гр. ῥινός — «ніс», дав.-гр. νῠκτερῐ́ς — «кажан».

Поширення, екологія

Вид знаходиться на півночі й заході Західної Австралії, у Північній Території, і північно-західному Квінсленді. Цей вид лаштує сідала під час сухого сезону в печерах і старих гірських виробках колоніями від 20 до 20 тисяч особин. У сезон дощів, кажани розпорошуються і використовують різні сідала в тому числі печери, під будівлями, а також, ймовірно, в дуплах дерев. Вид любить дуже вологі печери. Харчується у найближчих рідколіссях. Самиці народжують одне дитинча.

Морфологія

Виміри голотипу: голова і тіло довжиною 45—53 мм, хвіст довжиною 24—28 мм, передпліччя довжиною 47—50 мм, вага 8—10 гр. Забарвлення в основному яскраво-помаранчеве зверху й блідіше знизу, але бувають значні варіації, від темного рудо-коричневого через помаранчевий, темно-лимонний і блідо-лимонний до білого. Хутро тонке і шовковисте.

Посилання


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Rhinonicteris aurantia: Brief Summary ( الأوكرانية )

المقدمة من wikipedia UK

Rhinonicteris aurantia — є одним з видів кажанів родини Hipposideridae. Етимологія: дав.-гр. ῥινός — «ніс», дав.-гр. νῠκτερῐ́ς — «кажан».

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Rhinonicteris aurantia ( الفيتنامية )

المقدمة من wikipedia VI

Rhinonicteris aurantia là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Dơi nếp mũi, bộ Dơi. Loài này được Gray mô tả năm 1845.[2]

Chú thích

  1. ^ McKenzie, N.; Hall, L. (2008). Rhinonicteris aurantia. Sách Đỏ IUCN các loài bị đe dọa. Phiên bản 2014.2. Liên minh Bảo tồn Thiên nhiên Quốc tế. Truy cập ngày 10 tháng 9 năm 2014.
  2. ^ a ă Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. biên tập (2005). “Rhinonicteris”. Mammal Species of the World . Baltimore: Nhà in Đại học Johns Hopkins, 2 tập (2.142 trang). ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494. Lỗi chú thích: Thẻ không hợp lệ: tên “msw3” được định rõ nhiều lần, mỗi lần có nội dung khác

Tham khảo


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết dơi này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Rhinonicteris aurantia: Brief Summary ( الفيتنامية )

المقدمة من wikipedia VI

Rhinonicteris aurantia là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Dơi nếp mũi, bộ Dơi. Loài này được Gray mô tả năm 1845.

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오렌지색잎코박쥐 ( الكورية )

المقدمة من wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

오렌지색잎코박쥐(Rhinonicteris aurantia)는 잎코박쥐과에 속하는 박쥐의 일종이다.[2] 오렌지색잎코박쥐속(Rhinonicteris)의 유일종이다.[2] 오스트레일리아의 토착종이다.

특징

작은 박쥐로 몸통 길이는 43~53mm이고 전완장은 45~50mm, 꼬리 길이는 24~28mm이다. 귀 길이는 12~13.6mm이고 몸무게는 최대 11g이다.[3] 두개골 모양은 잎코박쥐속 박쥐와 유사하다. 털은 짧고 섬세하며 윤이 난다. 일반적인 털 색은 황금빛 오렌지색이지만 일부 개체는 완전히 갈색빛 노랑을 띤다. 주둥이는 끝이 뭉툭하다.

생태

사용하지 않는 탄광이나 동굴에서 20마리부터 최대 2만 마리까지 무리를 지어 은신하고 유령박쥐와 함께 지내기도 한다. 건기에는 보통 동굴에서 지내지만 우기에는 건물과 나무 구멍 속같은 동굴 이외의 장소에서 생활한다. 무기력 상태로 체온을 낮출 수는 없지만 온도 20 ° C 이하 환경에 노출되면 무기력해진다. 일반적으로 해가 진 후 30분에서 1시간 30분 사이에 사냥을 시작한다. 초원과 길가를 포함한 앞이 트인 환경에서 식물 약 1~3m 위를 비행하는 곤충 주로 나방흰개미를 먹는다. 암컷은 10월과 4월 사이 우기 동안 한 번에 한 마리의 새끼를 낳는다. 하지만 새끼를 낳는 장소는 알려져 있지 않다. 암컷은 생후 약 7개월이 지나면 성적으로 성숙해지는 반면에 수컷은 16개월이 지나야 한다. 기대 수명은 약 10년이다.

분포 및 서식지

오스트레일리아 웨스턴오스트레일리아주 북부와 북서부, 노던준주 북부 배서스트섬, 퀸즐랜드주 북서부 지역에 널리 분포한다. 습윤 동굴과 개활지 숲에서 서식한다.

각주

  1. Armstrong, K., Reardon, T., Woinarski, J. & Burbidge, A.A. 2017. Rhinonicteris aurantia. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T19589A21998626. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T19589A21998626.en. Downloaded on 17 December 2020.
  2. Simmons, N.B. (2005). 〈SPECIES Rhinonicteris aurantia. Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. 《Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference》 (영어) 3판. 존스 홉킨스 대학교 출판사. 378쪽. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  3. Peter Menkhorst & Frank Knight, A Field Guide to the Mammals of Australia, Oxford University Press, USA, 2001, ISBN 9780195508703.
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