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Flustrina ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من wikipedia EN

Flustrina is a suborder under the order Cheilostomatida of gymnolaematan Bryozoa (sea mats).

The structure of the individual zooids is generally simple, a box-like chamber of calcium carbonate, the polypides reaching out through an uncalcified flexible frontal wall, often surrounded by numerous spines. Like in other gymnolaematans, their lophophore is protruded by muscles that pull on the frontal wall of the zooid.

In some treatments, the Flustrina are restricted to the superfamilies Calloporoidea and Flustroidea and ranked as infraorder alongside the Cellulariomorpha which contain the other three superfamilies. What here is considered the Fulstrina is then called the infraorder Neocheilostomina, and in a more radical variant also includes the Ascophora as another infraorder.[1]

The obsolete sub-order Anasca previously included the members of this sub-order before being deprecated.[2]

The families Fusicellariidae, Skyloniidae, Bicorniferidae, as well as the genera Hoeverella and Taeniocellaria are currently incertae sedis within the Flustrina.

Systematics

The superfamilies and families (and notable genera) are listed in the presumed phylogenetic sequence:[3]

See also

References

Wikispecies has information related to Flustrina.
  1. ^ BryoZone (2004): Taxa Hierarchy
  2. ^ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Anasca". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2017-03-10.
  3. ^ Phil Bock (January 15, 2009). "Systematic list of families of Bryozoa". Retrieved March 21, 2009.
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Flustrina: Brief Summary ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من wikipedia EN

Flustrina is a suborder under the order Cheilostomatida of gymnolaematan Bryozoa (sea mats).

The structure of the individual zooids is generally simple, a box-like chamber of calcium carbonate, the polypides reaching out through an uncalcified flexible frontal wall, often surrounded by numerous spines. Like in other gymnolaematans, their lophophore is protruded by muscles that pull on the frontal wall of the zooid.

In some treatments, the Flustrina are restricted to the superfamilies Calloporoidea and Flustroidea and ranked as infraorder alongside the Cellulariomorpha which contain the other three superfamilies. What here is considered the Fulstrina is then called the infraorder Neocheilostomina, and in a more radical variant also includes the Ascophora as another infraorder.

The obsolete sub-order Anasca previously included the members of this sub-order before being deprecated.

The families Fusicellariidae, Skyloniidae, Bicorniferidae, as well as the genera Hoeverella and Taeniocellaria are currently incertae sedis within the Flustrina.

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Flustrina ( الفرنسية )

المقدمة من wikipedia FR

Les Flustrina constituent un sous-ordre d'ectoproctes de l'ordre Cheilostomatida. Ce taxon compte 24 super-familles.

Liste des super-familles et familles

Selon World Register of Marine Species (14 avril 2016)[1] :

Références taxinomiques

Notes et références

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Flustrina: Brief Summary ( الفرنسية )

المقدمة من wikipedia FR

Les Flustrina constituent un sous-ordre d'ectoproctes de l'ordre Cheilostomatida. Ce taxon compte 24 super-familles.

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Classification ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من World Register of Marine Species
The systematics of the cheilostomes has been flattened by the removal of Infraorders from the taxonomic tree. This has resulted in the Suborder Flustrina (or Neocheilostomina) encompassing 24 superfamilies. This is not a satisfactory result, but it is hoped that the relationships between the families will be better understood in the future.
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Bock, Phil [email]
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