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Northern alligator lizard ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من wikipedia EN

The northern alligator lizard (Elgaria coerulea) is a species of medium-sized lizard in the family Anguidae. The species is endemic to the North American west coast.

Taxonomy

The northern alligator lizard was formerly known by the scientific name of Gerrhonotus coeruleus Wiegmann, 1828, but more recently has been assigned to the genus Elgaria.

Subspecies

Four subspecies are recognized as being valid, including the nominotypical subspecies.[2]

  • E. c. coerulea (Wiegmann, 1828) – San Francisco alligator lizard
  • E. c. palmeri (Stejneger, 1893) – Sierra alligator lizard
  • E. c. principis Baird & Girard, 1852 – Northwestern alligator lizard
  • E. c. shastensis (Fitch, 1934) – Shasta alligator lizard

A trinomial authority in parentheses indicates that the subspecies was originally described in a genus other than Elgaria.

The subspecies E. c. principis is one of five species of lizards in Canada.

Etymology

The subspecific name, palmeri, is in honor of American zoologist Theodore Sherman Palmer.[3]

Description

The northern alligator lizard is a medium-sized slender lizard. Adults reach a snout-to-vent length (SVL) of about 10 cm (3.9 in) and a total length (including tail) of roughly 27.5 cm (10.8 in). It has a distinct skin fold on each side, separating the keeled scales on the back from the smooth ventral scales. The skin varies in color, but can be brown and white or greenish yellow and brown. Dorsally, E. coerulea is brownish in color and often has dark blotches that sometimes blend together into bands. The throat and mouth area of some young individuals can be yellow. The belly is light gray. The eyes are dark.

Diet

The typical diet of E. coerulea includes crickets, slugs, beetles, spiders, and moths, but it will also take larger prey, such as small lizards, and will even eat small baby mice if given the opportunity.

Reproduction

The northern alligator lizard is live-bearing, producing up to 15 young (typically 4–5), between June and September.[4] During the spring breeding season, a male lizard grasps the head of a female with his mouth until she is ready to let him mate with her. They can remain attached this way for many hours, almost oblivious to their surroundings. Besides keeping her from running off to mate with another male, this probably shows her how strong and suitable a mate he is.[5]

E. coerulea shastensis
E. coerulea coerulea
E. coerulea

Distribution

Range of the Northern Alligator Lizard Ranges of
  • E. c. coerulea,
  • E. c. palmeri,
  • E. c. principis, and
  • E. c. shastensis.

The northern alligator lizard occurs along the Pacific Coast and in the Rocky Mountains from southern British Columbia through Washington, northern Idaho and western Montana south through Oregon to the coastal range and the Sierra Nevada in central California. As the map shows, the different subspecies have quite different geographic ranges, with E. c. principis being the most widely distributed, whereas E. c. coerulea occurs mainly around the San Francisco area but is also found farther north into Humboldt County.

The species is widely distributed along the Pacific coast and can be found from sea level up to elevation of about 3,350 m (10,990 ft). It is found in a variety of forested habitats and montane chaparral.

As winter sets in, colder temperatures force northern alligator lizards to undergo brumation. Brumation allows them to reduce caloric usage and retain body heat during winter.[6] Often, western alligator lizards choose to hide under rocks—though logs and burrows are occasionally used—to undergo this process. [7]

See also

References

  1. ^ Hammerson, G.A. (2007). "Elgaria coerulea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2007: e.T63701A12706801. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2007.RLTS.T63701A12706801.en. Retrieved 6 June 2022.
  2. ^ Species Elgaria coerulea at The Reptile Database . www.reptile-database.org.
  3. ^ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Elgaria coerulea palmeri, p. 200).
  4. ^ Stebbins RC (2003). A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians, Third Edition. The Peterson Field Guide Series ®. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Company. xiii + 533 pp. ISBN 978-0-395-98272-3. (Elgaria coerulea, pp. 332-333 + Plate 41 + Map 126).
  5. ^ "Northwestern Alligator Lizard - Elgaria coerulea principis". Californiaherps.com. Retrieved 2020-01-19.
  6. ^ "Definition of BRUMATION". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 2022-10-22.
  7. ^ Rutherford, Pamela L.; Gregory, Patrick T. (2003). "Habitat Use and Movement Patterns of Northern Alligator Lizards (Elgaria coerulea) and Western Skinks (Eumeces skiltonianus) in Southeastern British Columbia". Journal of Herpetology. 37 (1): 98–106. ISSN 0022-1511.
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Northern alligator lizard: Brief Summary ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من wikipedia EN

The northern alligator lizard (Elgaria coerulea) is a species of medium-sized lizard in the family Anguidae. The species is endemic to the North American west coast.

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Elgaria coerulea ( الإسبانية، القشتالية )

المقدمة من wikipedia ES

El "lagarto aligator del norte" (Elgaria coerulea) es un lagarto de tamaño medio que occure en la costa occidental de Norteamérica.

Taxonomía

Posteriormente, este lagarto fue conocido bajo el nombre científico de Gerrhonotus coeruleus (Wiegmann, 1828), pero hoy en día es conocido como Elgaria coerulea. Hay cuatro subespecies:

La subespecie E.c. principis es una de cinco especies de lagartos en Canadá.

Descripción

Los lagartos Elgaria coerulea son lagartos esbeltos de tamaño medio. Los adultos pueden alcanzar 10 cm desde el hocico hasta la cloaca y una longitud total de 25 cm. Tienen pliegues de la piel distintas en sus ijadas que separan las escamas en la espalda de las ventrales. Son parduzcos en color y a menudo tienen manchas oscuras que a veces mezclan en bandas. La panza es gris clara. Los ojos son oscuros.

Distribución y hábitat

Elgaria coerulea occure en la costa pacífica y en las Montañas Rocosas del sur de Columbia Británica tras Washington, el norte de Idaho y el oeste de Montana, al sur tras Oregón al rango costal y la Sierra Nevada en el centro de California.

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Elgaria coerulea: Brief Summary ( الإسبانية، القشتالية )

المقدمة من wikipedia ES

El "lagarto aligator del norte" (Elgaria coerulea) es un lagarto de tamaño medio que occure en la costa occidental de Norteamérica.

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Elgaria coerulea ( الباسكية )

المقدمة من wikipedia EU

Elgaria coerulea Elgaria generoko animalia da. Narrastien barruko Anguidae familian sailkatuta dago.

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez)IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. www.iucnredlist.org. 2012ko urriaren 20an eskuratua.
  2. The Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life

Ikus, gainera

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Elgaria coerulea: Brief Summary ( الباسكية )

المقدمة من wikipedia EU

Elgaria coerulea Elgaria generoko animalia da. Narrastien barruko Anguidae familian sailkatuta dago.

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Lézard-alligator boréal ( الفرنسية )

المقدمة من wikipedia FR

Elgaria coerulea

Elgaria coerulea, le Lézard-alligator boréal, est une espèce de sauriens de la famille des Anguidae[1].

Répartition

 src=
Distribution Elgaria coerulea coerulea,
Elgaria coerulea palmeri,
Elgaria coerulea principis,
Elgaria coerulea shastensis

Cette espèce se rencontre en Californie, en Oregon, au Washington, en Idaho, au Montana et en Utah aux États-Unis et en Colombie-Britannique au Canada[1].

Liste des sous-espèces

Selon Reptarium Reptile Database (30 mai 2012)[2] :

  • Elgaria coerulea coerulea (Wiegmann, 1828)
  • Elgaria coerulea palmeri (Stejneger, 1893)
  • Elgaria coerulea principis Baird & Girard, 1852
  • Elgaria coerulea shastensis (Fitch, 1934)

Description

 src=
Elgaria coerulea shastensis

L'adulte mesure environ 10 cm, 25 cm avec la queue. Il se nourrit d'invertébrés (insectes, araignées, millepattes, escargots, …), et préfère les milieux humides.

Publications originales

  • Baird & Girard, 1852 : Descriptions of new species of reptiles, collected by the U.S. Exploring Expedition under the command of Capt. Charles Wilkes, U.S.N. First part — Including the species from the western coast of America. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, vol. 6, p. 174-177 (texte intégral).
  • Fitch, 1934 : New alligator lizards from the Pacific Coast. Copeia, vol. 1934, p. 6-7.
  • Stejneger, 1893 : Annotated list of the reptiles and batrachians collected by the Death Valley Expedition in 1891, with descriptions of new species. North American Fauna, vol. 7, p. 159-228 (texte intégral).
  • Wiegmann, 1828 : Beiträge zur Amphibienkunde. Isis von Oken, vol. 21, no 4, p. 364-383 (texte intégral).

Notes et références

  • (en) Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé .
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Lézard-alligator boréal: Brief Summary ( الفرنسية )

المقدمة من wikipedia FR

Elgaria coerulea

Elgaria coerulea, le Lézard-alligator boréal, est une espèce de sauriens de la famille des Anguidae.

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Elgaria coerulea ( الفيتنامية )

المقدمة من wikipedia VI

Elgaria coerulea là một loài thằn lằn trong họ Anguidae. Loài này được Wiegmann mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1828.[1]

Hình ảnh

Tham khảo

  1. ^ Elgaria coerulea. The Reptile Database. Truy cập ngày 31 tháng 5 năm 2013.


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Elgaria coerulea: Brief Summary ( الفيتنامية )

المقدمة من wikipedia VI

Elgaria coerulea là một loài thằn lằn trong họ Anguidae. Loài này được Wiegmann mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1828.

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