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Nile monitors are sometimes known as "water monitors", or "water leguaan" in South Africa.
Nile monitors use both visual and olfactory cues when sensing the environment. The long forked tongue supplies the vomero-nasal organ in the roof of the mouth. Their eyesight appears to be good. They perceive their environments through visual, tactile, auditory and chemical stimuli.
If cornered, these lizards will inflate the throat and hiss loudly, raise themselves up high, stiff-legged and lash with their tails to threaten the attacker.
Communication Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; chemical
Other Communication Modes: scent marks
Perception Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; chemical
Nile monitors have few predators, but pythons prey on these lizards most often. Young Nile monitors make easy prey for a large python but even larger Nile monitors are at risk. A 4.5 m long African rock python has been reported to seize a 1.4 m long Nile monitor, and within half and hour had swallowed it head first. Crocodiles also take monitors on occasion. A defensive Nile monitor will arch its back and stand at full stretch on its legs, hissing as the body inflates and flicking the tail sideways. As a last resort a cornered Nile monitor will bite savagely and eject foul-smelling matter from the cloaca to deter attack or throw off a pursuer.
Known Predators:
Nile monitors may be Africa's largest lizards, though a former subspecies, now recognized as the species Varanus ornata, may be as big or bigger. Hatchlings are about 30 cm long and weigh about 26 g, but adults may grow to lengths of 2.4 m and have an impressively powerful physique. Sharp claws and strong muscular legs make it easy for them to climb trees. A deep, stoutly constructed skull, blunt crushing posterior teeth, and a bowed lower jaw make it easy for Nile monitors to eat hard-shelled prey such as mollusks. The tough skin is covered by bead-like scales. They have rounded nostrils which are located slightly nearer to the eye than to the snout. The toes are strong and moderately long. The tail of Nile monitors is compressed laterally with a dorsal keel and a very low double-toothed crest.
Adult Nile monitors are brownish or greenish-gray, with darker reticulation and yellowish spots or stripes on the back and limbs and yellowish-green spots on the head. Ventral surfaces are yellowish with blackish cross-bands. Juveniles are black, with the head bearing yellow cross-lines with black and yellow vertical bars on the lips. The neck features yellow lines and the back has a transverse series of yellow spots. The tail of juveniles has alternating black and yellow bars. This species exhibits no sexual dimorphism.
Range length: 2.4 (high) m.
Other Physical Features: heterothermic
Sexual Dimorphism: sexes alike
Estimates vary, but the expected lifespan in captivity is reported at between 10 and 20 years.
Typical lifespan
Status: captivity: 10 to 20 years.
Nile monitors inhabit a wide variety of habitats including woodland, dry savanna, scrub, evergreen thickets, swamps, and mangroves. Nile monitors are usually found near water, either temporary or permanent, but especially rivers, lakes, and pans. Their lifestyle is both terrestrial and aquatic and they are both superb climbers and swimmers which allows for great adaptability to different environments. Exposed, open areas are crucial habitat components as they require sufficient basking locations. This species is known to bask on open rooftops and streets. Young Nile monitors often lie on branches overhanging rivers or pools, and if disturbed will drop into the water. When alarmed and when water is not available, Nile monitors use their sharp claws and strong legs to climb trees up to a height of 5 to 6 meters. They are also known to flee down a hole or rocky crevice, or into a termite nest. Nile monitors live in burrows which they will excavate themselves or expand an existing one. A softer, sandy substrate is necessary to construct these burrows. This species has been documented at elevations from 0 to 1,600 m above sea level.
Range elevation: 0 to 1600 m.
Habitat Regions: temperate ; tropical ; terrestrial ; freshwater
Terrestrial Biomes: savanna or grassland ; scrub forest
Aquatic Biomes: lakes and ponds; rivers and streams; temporary pools
Wetlands: swamp
Other Habitat Features: suburban
Varanus niloticus is found throughout most of sub-Saharan Africa. It is absent from the arid regions of the north and the southwest, but does reach Egypt along the Nile River.
Biogeographic Regions: ethiopian (Native )
Nile monitors are stealthy hunters, concluding their predatory quests by pouncing with lightning speed on their prey. The teeth can administer a painful crushing bite, although this is likely to be lethal to only relatively small victims. While holding an adversary in its jaws, a Nile monitor can cause severe injuries with its claws. They often use a combination of jaws and powerful forelimbs to break the backs of their prey. They eat a variety of prey that includes frogs, toads (even poisonous ones of the genus Breviceps), rodents, fish, lizards, small turtles, birds and their eggs, beetles, orthopterans, crabs, caterpillars, spiders, millipedes, earthworms, and slugs. They have been known to rob crocodile nests for eggs. They may occasionally work in pairs to rob a crocodile nest, with one lizard distracting the guarding mother crocodile while the other races in to grab eggs. Even after hatching, newly emergent crocodiles are not safe. Hard-shelled mollusks are a conspicuous feature of Nile monitors' diets and a thickened skull, blunt crushing teeth, and bowed lower jaw make them well-equipped for breaking open thick shells. Land snails of the genus Achatina are Nile monitors' favorite prey.
Animal Foods: birds; mammals; amphibians; reptiles; fish; eggs; carrion ; insects; terrestrial non-insect arthropods; mollusks; terrestrial worms; aquatic crustaceans
Primary Diet: carnivore (Eats terrestrial vertebrates)
Nile monitors are both predators (on invertebrates and small vertebrates) and scavengers. Their persistent predation on crocodile nests may serve as a control on crocodile numbers.
Termite mounds make a perfect place for Nile monitors to lay their eggs, except during the dry season the hard clay makes it very difficult to burrow in. When the rain comes the females dig holes in the sides of termite mounds and lays their eggs. The termites quickly repair the gaping hole which protects the eggs during development.
Species Used as Host:
Nile monitors are among the most exploited species of tetrapods in Africa where it is used for food and leather. In certain areas, Nile monitors are hunted to obtain fat from the reproductive organs. It is locally believed that when melted down, this fat is a cure for ear aches as well as a protection against lightning.
Nile monitor lizards consume crocodile eggs and may act as population control in some areas.
Nile monitors are occasionally kept as pets by reptile hobbyists, but these large and aggressive lizards are a poor choice as a pet except perhaps for very experienced keepers who can provide large enclosures.
Positive Impacts: food ; body parts are source of valuable material; source of medicine or drug
Nile monitors have been known to acclimate to human towns, farms, and homesteads, and occasionally attack livestock such as chickens.
Nile monitor eggs may require 10 months of incubation, though eggs in captivity have hatched within as few as 129 days. Within the eggs the embryos are coiled with the snout being forced against the shell wall, ready to rupture the integument and emerge. Hatching takes from 15 minutes to 7 hours. Juveniles lack the crushing and bowed lower jaws of adults, but that most likely reflects the shift from an insectivorous to a molluscivorous diet. Maturity is reached in three to four years. Most wild populations exhibit steady, indeterminate growth throughout their lives, but some heavily exploited populations may undergo significant growth up until 30 months of age and then cease.
Development - Life Cycle: indeterminate growth
In 1975, some north African states replaced the Wild Animals Law created in 1963 with a new law that gives protection to crocodiles, pythons, and monitor lizards. Nile monitors are also listed under the Endangered Species Decree of 1985, which means that international trade of the species in prohibited. This species is listed under CITES, Appendix II.
US Federal List: no special status
CITES: appendix ii
Nile monitors are a polygynandrous species and will mate promiscuously. Males may reportedly fight each other in violent "wrestling matches," presumably due to competition for mating opportunities.
Mating System: polygynandrous (promiscuous)
Varanus niloticus breeds once annually, with the season starting in June and ending in October range-wide. Mating and egg laying usually follows the rainy season, which varies regionally. This season correlates with the development of the gonads. The testicles of males are enlarged from June until September while the females are being sought. Regression of the gonads subsequently occurs until January and then the cycle recommences.
After spring rains (August through September), the female excavates a hole in the ground or in an active termite nest and lays 20 to 60 eggs. This may take 2-3 days to complete. If she lays her eggs in a termite nest, the termites will repair the hole in their nest, and the monitor eggs develop inside. Eggs may take up to 1 year to hatch. The small young weigh an average 26 g upon hatching. After hatching, the young may need to wait for rain to soften the hard nest, or reportedly the mother monitor may return at the right time and open the nest to free the hatchlings. Once they have emerged, however, the baby Nile monitors are on their own.
Breeding interval: Varanus niloticus breeds once a year.
Breeding season: Varanus niloticus breeds from June until October.
Range number of offspring: 20 to 60.
Average number of offspring: 35.
Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female): 3 to 4 years.
Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male): 3 to 4 years.
Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; seasonal breeding ; sexual ; fertilization ; oviparous
Parental investment for Nile monitors does not extend far past initial egg fertilization and laying. The female will excavate a secure place to lay her clutch, either in the ground or in an active termite nest. The mother monitor may return to the clutch sometime after the young hatch and open the buried nest to free her hatchlings. Once the young have emerged, however, they are on their own.
Parental Investment: no parental involvement; female parental care ; pre-fertilization (Provisioning, Protecting: Female)
120 to 160 centimeters
Die Waterlikkewaan (Varanus niloticus) is 'n likkewaan wat voorkom aan die suidkus- en ooskus gebiede, die Vrystaat, Gauteng, Noordwes, Limpopo en Mpumalanga in Suid-Afrika. Dit leef aan die oewers van varswaterriviere en damme. Hulle word 100 tot 200 cm lank en weeg 12 tot 20 kg.
Wikimedia Commons het meer media in die kategorie Waterlikkewaan.
Wikispecies het meer inligting verwant aan: Waterlikkewaan
Die Waterlikkewaan (Varanus niloticus) is 'n likkewaan wat voorkom aan die suidkus- en ooskus gebiede, die Vrystaat, Gauteng, Noordwes, Limpopo en Mpumalanga in Suid-Afrika. Dit leef aan die oewers van varswaterriviere en damme. Hulle word 100 tot 200 cm lank en weeg 12 tot 20 kg.
El varano del Nilo (Varanus niloticus) ye una especie de reptil escamosu de la familia Varanidae #atopar en gran parte d'África sacante nel noroeste.[1]
El varano del nilo puede crecer ente 120 a 220 cm de llargor y los especímenes más grandes algamen 244 cm, la masa corporal nos adultos varia llargamente. Un estudiu afirma que solo pesen de 0,8 a 1,7 kg ente qu'otros pesen ente 5,9 y 15kg. En varanos grandes les variaciones pueden debese a la edá o a les condiciones ambientales. Los especímenes escepcionalmente grandes pueden llegar hasta 20kg, pero esta especie pesa daqué menos qu'el varano de roca, que ye más avolumáu. Tien un cuerpu musculoso y #unu poderosos quexales. Tien unes garres afiliaes que-y dexen #engatar, cavar, defendese o cazar a les sos preses. El varano del nilo tien patrones de piel bastante llamativos, yá que son de color marrón grisaceo y tien grandes llurdios de color verdosu nel envés. Son escelentes escaladores y corredores rabiones en tierra. La so esperanza de vida se sítua ente 10 a 15 años en cautiverio.[2][3]
El varano del nilo ye nativu d'África y distribúyese por toles rexones centrales y meriodinales del continente incluyendo Sudán y una parte del centru d'Exiptu a lo llargo del Ríu Nilo col tiempu fueron introducíos nos Estaos Xuníos principalmente nos estaos de California y Florida. Sicasí nun s'atopa en nenguna rexón desértica d'África yá que espolleta alredor de ríos.
El varano del nilo #alimentar d'una gran variedá de preses como inseutos, arácnidos, cascoxos, xaronques, aves, reptiles, pequeños mamíferos, carroña ya inclusive güevos yá que suel taramiar los niales de cocodrilos y otros reptiles.
La reproducción ye ovipara na especie y apáriense cada 6 a 9 meses les femes ponen ente 25 a 90 güevos que miden aprosimao 35 y 60 de díametro los güevos maurecen dempués de seis meses de la puesta na que nacen los sos nuevos descendientes.[4]
Na naturaleza son cazaos por depredadores como aves rapazos, y diversos mamíferos carnívoros como lleopardos, caracales, chacales y rateles que tamién pueden cazar varanos del nilo si nun atopen otru tipu de preses. Cuando son atacaos de normal deféndense mordiendo y solmenando fuertemente la cual intenta estornar a los sos enemigos .[5]
En Florida sábese qu'esisten poblaciones reproductores d'esta especie invasora en distintos partes del estáu dende 1990. El potencial de les poblaciones establecíes impacta negativamente a les especies de cocodrilos natives en Florida, yá que ataca, come los güevos y críes d'estes especies.[6]
Los varanos del nilo nun son para primerizos una y bones de cutiu atópense nel comerciu de mascotes a pesar de tener una actitú agresiva y resistencia a la doma. Los varanos del nilo para'l so cuidu riquen un gran terrario una y bones los exemplares xuveniles crecen rápido y precísase amestar abondes capes de tierra fondes por que el varano pueda replícar el so comportamientu d'escavación, tamién la cortil tien de tener coses fayadices para'l so hábitat como roques, plantes o tueros buecos. Amás débese apurrir un platu d'agua y una dieta saludable n'inseutos, peces, royedores, güevos o carroña. Los exemplares prindaos xabazmente tienen de ser controlaos por parásitos internos.[7]
El varano del Nilo (Varanus niloticus) ye una especie de reptil escamosu de la familia Varanidae #atopar en gran parte d'África sacante nel noroeste.
Varan an Nil (Varanus niloticus) a zo ur stlejvil hag a vev en Afrika.
a vo kavet e Wikimedia Commons.
Der Regenwald-Nilwaran (Varanus ornatus) ist eine Art der Schuppenkriechtiere (Squamata) aus der Gattung der Warane (Varanus). Früher als Unterart des Nilwarans (Varanus niloticus) eingestuft, gilt der Regenwald-Nilwaran nunmehr als eigenständige Art. Er wird etwa 2 m lang, ist ähnlich wie der Nilwaran stark ans Wasser gebunden und ernährt sich vor allem von Krebstieren.
Die Erstbeschreibung erfolgte 1803 durch François-Marie Daudin. Lange Zeit als eigenständige Art anerkannt, wurde er 1942 in Mertens klassischer Monografie der Warane als Unterart des Nilwarans (Varanus niloticus) eingeordnet. Zieger & Böhme (1997) erhoben das als Varanus niloticus ornatus bezeichnete Taxon wieder in den Artstand, da der Nilwaran und seine vermeintliche Unterart sympatrisch vorkommen, ohne dass ein Übergang von der einen zur anderen Unterart erkennbar ist. Darüber hinaus ist die Morphologie der Paryphasmen auf den Hemipenes der beiden Arten unterschiedlich. Daher müssen die beiden Taxa als verschiedene, wenn auch sehr nahe verwandte Arten betrachtet werden.
Das längste zuverlässig gemessene Exemplar des Regenwald-Nilwarans erreichte eine Gesamtlänge von 1,9 m, die Schädel zweier sehr großer Exemplare lassen jedoch auf eine Länge von mehr als 2,5 m schließen. Der Schwanz ist bei etwa 1,6–1,7 mal so lang wie die Kopf-Rumpf-Länge. Der Regenwald-Nilwaran ist sehr stämmig gebaut und hat einen großen Kopf.
Die Körperoberseite ist schwärzlich, mit einem hellen gelben Muster von Linienzeichnungen am Kopf. Auf dem Rücken finden sich 5, selten weniger Querbänder von gelblich-schwarzen Augenflecken; dieses Merkmal kann zur Unterscheidung vom sonst recht ähnlichen Nilwaran herangezogen werden, da dieser normalerweise 6 oder mehr dieser Bänder hat. Zwischen den Bändern ist die dunkle Grundfarbe mit gelblichen Tüpfelungen gezeichnet. Der Schwanz zeigt 12 breite, gelbe Querbänder. Die Körperunterseite ist gelb und mit einer weitmaschigen schwarzen Netzzeichnung überzogen. Die Zunge ist weißlich bis rosa.
Auf Landesebene erstreckt sich sein Verbreitungsgebiet in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ghana, Nigeria, Kamerun, Äquatorialguinea, Gabun, der zentralafrikanischen Republik, der Demokratischen Republik Kongo und Benin[1]. In Nigeria wird er von Einheimischen „Dgyou-Dgyou“ und „Gedee“, in Benin „Guana“ und in Nigeria und Tansania „Ju-Ju“ genannt.[2]
In weiten Teilen seines Verbreitungsgebiets lebt er sympatrisch mit dem Nilwaran zusammen. Der Regenwald-Nilwaran bewohnt weite Teile der zentralafrikanischen tropischen Regenwälder, vor allem den Tiefland-Regenwald, aber auch Sekundärwald, Sümpfe, Mangroven, savannenartige Habitate am Rande des Waldes, gerodete Flächen und in der Nähe menschlicher Siedlungen. Er lebt meist in der Nähe größerer Wasserkörper und kommt in bis 1200 m Meereshöhe vor.
Der Regenwald-Nilwaran ist hauptsächlich bodenbewohnend, aber auch ein guter Kletterer und ein sehr guter Schwimmer. Er ist tagaktiv und legt im Gegensatz zum auch in trockeneren Lebensräumen vorkommenden Nilwaran keine Ruheperiode in der Trockenzeit ein, ist jedoch wie sein naher Verwandter zur Regenzeit aktiver. Er sucht aktiv nach Beute, vor allem Krebstiere. Nach Untersuchungen von Angelici & Luiselli (1999) ernährt sich der Regenwald-Nilwaran zu 56 % von Krebstieren, nur 10 % der Nahrung machen Wirbeltiere aus, jeweils 1,7 % davon junge Stumpfkrokodile (Osteolaemus tetraspis) und jüngere Artgenossen. Während die Jungtiere noch warantypische spitze Zähne haben, vollzieht sich im Lauf der Individualentwicklung ein Wechsel zu stumpfen Mahlzähnen, wohl als Anpassung an die hauptsächlich aus Krebstieren bestehende Ernährung. Das Nahrungsspektrum von Jungtieren ist jedoch mit demjenigen der Adulti trotz der ontogenetischen Veränderung der Zähne nahezu identisch.
Über die Fortpflanzung des Regenwald-Nilwarans in der Natur ist wenig bekannt. In Südost-Nigeria wurden trächtige Weibchen zwischen dem späten März und der Mitte des April gefunden, die ersten Jungtiere im frühen Mai. In Südost-Guinea und Südkamerun jedoch wurden frisch geschlüpfte Jungtiere im Oktober gefunden. Bei in Gefangenschaft gehaltenen Weibchen wurde Parthenogenese beobachtet, die so entstandenen Gelege umfassten 12 und 15 Eier. Bisher entstanden beim Regenwald-Nilwaran durch Parthenogenese keine lebensfähigen Jungtiere.[3]
Der Regenwald-Nilwaran (Varanus ornatus) ist eine Art der Schuppenkriechtiere (Squamata) aus der Gattung der Warane (Varanus). Früher als Unterart des Nilwarans (Varanus niloticus) eingestuft, gilt der Regenwald-Nilwaran nunmehr als eigenständige Art. Er wird etwa 2 m lang, ist ähnlich wie der Nilwaran stark ans Wasser gebunden und ernährt sich vor allem von Krebstieren.
Pezmijoka Nîlê (Varanus Nilocticus), lê navê (lêgwana avê) jî heye ku ji zimanê holendî hatiye.[2] Pezmijoka Nîlê, cureyek e pezmijokan ji binecinsa Polydaedalus û ji famîleya pezmijokan (Varanidae) e.
Dirêjiyê pezmijoka Nîlê qasî 120-162 cm û carinan digihîje 244 cm. Giraniyê pezmijoka Nîlê qasî 5.9-15 kg.
Pezmijoka Nîlê, ser dirêjiya çemê Nîlê li Sudan û Misrê teve herêmên navîn û başûrê Afrîkayê dijî ye, lê li çol û peydan nayê dîtin.[3][4]
Pezmijoka Nîlê, pezmijokek e goştxwer e. Pezmijoka Nîlê, balinde, guhandarên biçûk, qapûşk, masî, beq, cirnîsê biçûk tevî hêkên cirnîsan, mar û kêzan dixwe.
Pezmijoka Nîlê (Varanus Nilocticus), lê navê (lêgwana avê) jî heye ku ji zimanê holendî hatiye. Pezmijoka Nîlê, cureyek e pezmijokan ji binecinsa Polydaedalus û ji famîleya pezmijokan (Varanidae) e.
The ornate monitor (Varanus niloticus ornatus) is a monitor lizard that is native to West and Middle Africa.[1][2] Comprehensive molecular analyses of the group have demonstrated that animals previously assigned to "Varanus ornatus" do not constitute a valid taxon and are actually polymorphisms of two different species; Varanus stellatus (west African Nile monitor) and Varanus niloticus (Nile monitor).[1] Consequently, Varanus ornatus is considered a synonym of Varanus niloticus and "ornate monitor" is an informal term for forest forms of either species (V. niloticus or V. stellatus). Until 1997, the ornate monitor was considered a subspecies of the Nile monitor.[3] It was subsequently described as a separate species on the basis of reduced number of ocelli rows on the body, a light coloured tongue and a more massive build.[4] More recent work based on a large sample size using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences indicates that Varanus ornatus is not a valid species and that animals with the diagnostic appearance belong either of two sister species of Nile monitor.[1] Animals described as ornate monitor lizards are native to closed canopy forests in West and Middle Africa.[1]
The back is dark – olive green to black – with cross bands of yellow or cream color ocelli plus additional bands on the tail. The ventral side is yellowish with gray banding. The number of ocelli bands on the body, four, or five, was supposed to distinguish V. ornatus from V. niloticus, which has from six to nine. The markings fade somewhat as the animal matures.[5][6] Ornate monitors are quite large and can grow up to two metres in length.
Hatchling The ornate monitor (Varanus niloticus ornatus) is a monitor lizard that is native to West and Middle Africa. Comprehensive molecular analyses of the group have demonstrated that animals previously assigned to "Varanus ornatus" do not constitute a valid taxon and are actually polymorphisms of two different species; Varanus stellatus (west African Nile monitor) and Varanus niloticus (Nile monitor). Consequently, Varanus ornatus is considered a synonym of Varanus niloticus and "ornate monitor" is an informal term for forest forms of either species (V. niloticus or V. stellatus). Until 1997, the ornate monitor was considered a subspecies of the Nile monitor. It was subsequently described as a separate species on the basis of reduced number of ocelli rows on the body, a light coloured tongue and a more massive build. More recent work based on a large sample size using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences indicates that Varanus ornatus is not a valid species and that animals with the diagnostic appearance belong either of two sister species of Nile monitor. Animals described as ornate monitor lizards are native to closed canopy forests in West and Middle Africa.
Varanus ornatus es un sinónimo más moderno de dos especies de saurios :
Datos: Q1955769
Multimedia:
Especies: Varanus ornatus
Nilotar baranoa (Varanus niloticus) Varanus generoko animalia da. Narrastien barruko Varanidae familian sailkatuta dago. Basamortuetan ez ezik, Afrika osoan bizi da.
Nilotar baranoa (Varanus niloticus) Varanus generoko animalia da. Narrastien barruko Varanidae familian sailkatuta dago. Basamortuetan ez ezik, Afrika osoan bizi da.
Niilinvaraani (Varanus niloticus) on Afrikassa elävä varaanilaji. Se on erittäin hyvä uimari, joka viihtyy myös puissa. Niilivaraani asuu veden lähistöillä, missä se etsii ravinnokseen pieniä selkärangattomia, kaloja, lintuja ja linnun munia. Viileämmässä ilmastossa asuvat niilivaranit vetäytyvät sään kylmetessä yhteispesään talvihorrokseen. Naaraat laskevat munansa termiittikekoihin. Tämän varaanin pituus on jopa 202 cm.
Niilinvaraani on levinnyt vieraslajina myös Pohjois-Amerikkaan, Yhdysvaltojen kaakkoisosiin[1].
Niilinvaraani (Varanus niloticus) on Afrikassa elävä varaanilaji. Se on erittäin hyvä uimari, joka viihtyy myös puissa. Niilivaraani asuu veden lähistöillä, missä se etsii ravinnokseen pieniä selkärangattomia, kaloja, lintuja ja linnun munia. Viileämmässä ilmastossa asuvat niilivaranit vetäytyvät sään kylmetessä yhteispesään talvihorrokseen. Naaraat laskevat munansa termiittikekoihin. Tämän varaanin pituus on jopa 202 cm.
Niilinvaraani on levinnyt vieraslajina myös Pohjois-Amerikkaan, Yhdysvaltojen kaakkoisosiin.
Varanus ornatus est un synonyme attribué à deux espèces de sauriens :
Il varano ornato (Varanus ornatus (Daudin, 1803)) è una specie della famiglia dei varani (Varanidae) originaria dell'Africa occidentale e centrale.[1][2] Analisi molecolari complete del gruppo hanno dimostrato che gli animali precedentemente assegnati a "Varanus ornatus" non costituiscono un taxon valido e sono in realtà polimorfismi di due specie diverse; il varano del Nilo dell'Africa occidentale (Varanus stellatus) e il varano del Nilo (Varanus niloticus).[1] Di conseguenza, Varanus ornatus è considerato un sinonimo di Varanus niloticus e "varano ornato" è un termine informale per le forme che vivono nelle zone boschive di entrambe le specie (V. niloticus o V. stellatus). Fino al 1997, il varano ornato era considerato una sottospecie del varano del Nilo.[3] Successivamente è stata descritta come una specie separata sulla base di un numero ridotto di file di macchie a ocelli lungo il corpo, una lingua di colore chiaro e una corporatura più massiccia.[4] Uno studio più recente basato su un esemplare di grandi dimensioni che utilizza sequenze di DNA mitocondriale e nucleare indica che il Varanus ornatus non è una specie valida e che gli animali con aspetto diagnostico appartengono a due specie sorella del varano del Nilo.[1] Gli animali descritti come varani ornati sono nativi delle foreste chiuse a baldacchino dell'Africa occidentale e centrale.[1]
La parte posteriore del corpo dell'animale è scura, dal verde oliva al nero, con fasce incrociate di ocelli di colore giallo o crema, con più fasce aggiuntive sulla coda. Il lato ventrale è giallastro con fasce grigie. Il numero di bande a ocelli sul corpo, quattro o cinque, avrebbe dovuto aiutare a distinguere V. ornatus da V. niloticus, che ne ha da sei a nove. I motivi sulla pelle dell'animale si attenuano quando l'animale matura.[5][6]
I varani ornati sono piuttosto grandi e possono crescere fino a 2 metri di lunghezza.[1]
Il varano ornato (Varanus ornatus (Daudin, 1803)) è una specie della famiglia dei varani (Varanidae) originaria dell'Africa occidentale e centrale. Analisi molecolari complete del gruppo hanno dimostrato che gli animali precedentemente assegnati a "Varanus ornatus" non costituiscono un taxon valido e sono in realtà polimorfismi di due specie diverse; il varano del Nilo dell'Africa occidentale (Varanus stellatus) e il varano del Nilo (Varanus niloticus). Di conseguenza, Varanus ornatus è considerato un sinonimo di Varanus niloticus e "varano ornato" è un termine informale per le forme che vivono nelle zone boschive di entrambe le specie (V. niloticus o V. stellatus). Fino al 1997, il varano ornato era considerato una sottospecie del varano del Nilo. Successivamente è stata descritta come una specie separata sulla base di un numero ridotto di file di macchie a ocelli lungo il corpo, una lingua di colore chiaro e una corporatura più massiccia. Uno studio più recente basato su un esemplare di grandi dimensioni che utilizza sequenze di DNA mitocondriale e nucleare indica che il Varanus ornatus non è una specie valida e che gli animali con aspetto diagnostico appartengono a due specie sorella del varano del Nilo. Gli animali descritti come varani ornati sono nativi delle foreste chiuse a baldacchino dell'Africa occidentale e centrale.
Nilo varanas (lot. Varanus niloticus, angl. Nile monitor, vok. Nilwaran) – varanų (Varanidae) šeimos plėšrus roplys.
Tai didžiausias Afrikos driežas. Išauga iki 1,5–1,8 m. ilgio su uodega, retkarčiais net iki 2,2 m. ilgio. Sveria 3–18 kg. Minta dvėseliena, vabzdžiais, smulkesniais driežais, gyvatėmis (kurias sugeba įveikti), krabais, graužikais, vėžlių jaunikliais, smulkiais paukščiais, žuvimis ir moliuskais. Neretai sudrasko naminius paukščius ir kates.
Paplitęs Afrikoje į pietus nuo Sacharos. Gyvena drėgnesnėse vietose, dažniausiai prie vandens telkinių.
Nilo varanas (lot. Varanus niloticus, angl. Nile monitor, vok. Nilwaran) – varanų (Varanidae) šeimos plėšrus roplys.
Tai didžiausias Afrikos driežas. Išauga iki 1,5–1,8 m. ilgio su uodega, retkarčiais net iki 2,2 m. ilgio. Sveria 3–18 kg. Minta dvėseliena, vabzdžiais, smulkesniais driežais, gyvatėmis (kurias sugeba įveikti), krabais, graužikais, vėžlių jaunikliais, smulkiais paukščiais, žuvimis ir moliuskais. Neretai sudrasko naminius paukščius ir kates.
Paplitęs Afrikoje į pietus nuo Sacharos. Gyvena drėgnesnėse vietose, dažniausiai prie vandens telkinių.
Nilvaran (Varanus niloticus) er en 2 m lang, røveraktig øgle som er aktiv om dagen, og som lever ved elvebreddene i Afrika sør for Sahara. Alle nilvaranene har en lang snute, en tykk, mektig hale og tær med klør, slik at de kan klatre i trærne.
Nilvaran (Varanus niloticus) er en 2 m lang, røveraktig øgle som er aktiv om dagen, og som lever ved elvebreddene i Afrika sør for Sahara. Alle nilvaranene har en lang snute, en tykk, mektig hale og tær med klør, slik at de kan klatre i trærne.
Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons Waran nilowy (Varanus niloticus) – gatunek ziemnowodnego gada z rodziny waranów.
Waran nilowy (Varanus niloticus Linnaeus, 1766)
Waran nilowy (Varanus niloticus) – gatunek ziemnowodnego gada z rodziny waranów.
Opis Skóra barwy szarozielonej ze słabymi plamkami. Rozmiary Długość do 170 cm
O varano-do-nilo, ou lagarto-do-nilo (Varanus niloticus) é um lagarto gigante da família Varanidae, que inclui o dragão de Komodo. Trata-se de um dos maiores lagartos do mundo, com 1.5 a 2 metros de comprimento.[1] O Varanus niloticus pode ser encontrado no continente africano e foi introduzido acidentalmente na Flórida.
Possui hábitos aquáticos, mas também é muito hábil em terra. São carnívoros e costumam alimentar-se de peixes, anfíbios, aves, pequenos mamíferos, grandes invertebrados, ovos e carniça.
O varano-do-nilo, ou lagarto-do-nilo (Varanus niloticus) é um lagarto gigante da família Varanidae, que inclui o dragão de Komodo. Trata-se de um dos maiores lagartos do mundo, com 1.5 a 2 metros de comprimento. O Varanus niloticus pode ser encontrado no continente africano e foi introduzido acidentalmente na Flórida.
Possui hábitos aquáticos, mas também é muito hábil em terra. São carnívoros e costumam alimentar-se de peixes, anfíbios, aves, pequenos mamíferos, grandes invertebrados, ovos e carniça.
Varanus niloticus[6] este o specie de reptile din genul Varanus, familia Varanidae, descrisă de Linnaeus 1758.[7][8] Conform Catalogue of Life specia Varanus niloticus nu are subspecii cunoscute.[7]
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Acest articol referitor la o reptilă este un ciot. Puteți ajuta Wikipedia prin completarea sa. Varanus niloticus este o specie de reptile din genul Varanus, familia Varanidae, descrisă de Linnaeus 1758. Conform Catalogue of Life specia Varanus niloticus nu are subspecii cunoscute.
Varanus niloticus là một loài thằn lằn trong họ Varanidae. Loài này được Linnaeus mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1766.[3]
Bài viết liên quan đến bộ bò sát có vảy này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Varanus niloticus là một loài thằn lằn trong họ Varanidae. Loài này được Linnaeus mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1766.
{{Translated page}}标签。 尼罗河巨蜥（学名：Varanus niloticus，英语：Nile monitor）是巨蜥科的一种体型较大的蜥蜴，体长可至120厘米到220厘米之间，广泛分布于非洲，但在非洲西部则由Varanus stellatus（英语：Varanus stellatus）取代。[1]
尼罗河巨蜥（学名：Varanus niloticus，英语：Nile monitor）是巨蜥科的一种体型较大的蜥蜴，体长可至120厘米到220厘米之间，广泛分布于非洲，但在非洲西部则由Varanus stellatus（英语：Varanus stellatus）取代。
ナイルオオトカゲ（Varanus niloticus）は、有鱗目オオトカゲ科オオトカゲ属に属するトカゲ。別名ナイルモニター。
北部やサハラ砂漠を除くアフリカ大陸[5]
ナイル川周辺にも生息するが、アフリカ大陸広域に分布する[3]。アメリカ合衆国（フロリダ州）に移入[2][6]。
全長150センチメートル[3]。最大全長243センチメートルと、アフリカ大陸に分布するオオトカゲでは最大種[6]。体色は黒や暗灰色で、明色斑が横帯状に並ぶ[5]。尾は側扁し、泳ぐのに適している[4]。
鼻孔は吻端と眼の中間にあり、丸い[5]。
幼体は緑黒色で、黄色い斑点が帯状に並ぶ[4]。成長に伴い斑点は不明瞭になる[4]。歯が側偏し尖った形状をしているが、成長に伴い歯が臼状になる[4]。これに伴い貝類や甲殻類などの硬い獲物でも噛み砕くことができるようになる[4]。
西部個体群を亜種ニシナイルオオトカゲV. n. ornatusとして分割する説もある[4]
河川や湖沼・池の周辺などに生息し水辺を好むが[3][4]、市街地に侵入することもある[5]。水辺の樹上によく登り、泳ぎや潜水も行う[4]。外敵に襲われると歯や爪を使ったり尾を打ちつけて応戦する[4]。
昆虫、多足類、甲殻類、貝類、魚類、カエル、爬虫類、鳥類、小型哺乳類、動物の死骸などを食べる[4]。ナイルワニの卵や幼体も捕食する[6]。
繁殖様式は卵生。雨期にシロアリの蟻塚の中に1回に10 - 60個の卵を産む[4]。卵は4 - 10か月で孵化する[4]。アフリカ南部の例では1 - 2月に産卵し、10 - 12月に孵化する[4]。アフリカ南部では5 - 8月の冬季に成体は冬眠することから、この期間に胚発生も休止し孵化までの期間が長引くと考えられている[4]。飼育下では30℃で約4か月で孵化した例がある[4]。飼育下では15年以上の生存例もある[4]。
アフリカ南部では脂肪は薬用や雷避けになると信じられている[4]。
家禽を食害する害獣とみなされることもある[4]。アメリカ合衆国のフロリダ州ではペットとして飼育されていたものが遺棄されたか脱走したものが定着したとされる[6]。例としてケープコーラルでは2003 - 2005年には146匹の目撃例や罠による捕獲例が報告された[6]。アナホリフクロウ・カッショクペリカン・アナホリゴファーガメ・キスイガメ・ウミガメ類・アメリカワニなどの卵や幼体も含めた在来種への影響、家禽や猫・小型犬に対する脅威が懸念されている[6]。
ペットとして飼育されることもあり、日本にも輸入されている。幼体から飼育すれば慣れる個体がいるとされるが、性質は荒い[3][5]。
この項目は、動物に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めています（Portal:生き物と自然／プロジェクト:生物）。 ナイルオオトカゲ（Varanus niloticus）は、有鱗目オオトカゲ科オオトカゲ属に属するトカゲ。別名ナイルモニター。
나일왕도마뱀(Nile monitor)은 아프리카에 서식하는 왕도마뱀 중 한 종이다. 사바나왕도마뱀에 이은 두번째로 대중화가 많이 된 왕도마뱀으로, 사바나왕도마뱀에 비해 그리 많은 사육자가 존재하지는 않는다. 그 이유 중 하나로는 사바나왕도마뱀의 서식지에는 사바나왕도마뱀보다 상위 포식자가 그리 많지 않지만, 나일왕도마뱀의 서식지에는 사자, 악어, 하마 등 거대한 맹수들이 존재하기 때문에 성체가 되면 저절로 느긋해지는 여타 왕도마뱀들과는 달리 성체가 되어서도 사나우며, 테임하기도 어렵기 때문이다. 물론 야생 개체가 아닌 사람 손에서 길러진 CB개체들은 태생부터 순한 경우도 존재하며, 테임에 성공하면 사바나 못지않은 훌륭한 도마뱀이 될 수 있다.
나일왕도마뱀 사육 시 한가지 주의 할 점은 사바나는 아무리 커져봤자 130cm를 넘지 않지만, 나일은 성장 속도는 느리지만 최대 190cm까지 꾸준히 성장함으로 상당한 크기의 사육장을 필요로 한다. 모든 왕도마뱀은 사이테스 2급종이므로 사육 시 관련 서류가 필수이지만, 왕도마뱀치고는 저렴한 가격 때문에 무서류 개체들이 상당히 많이 존재하는 종이다.
나일왕도마뱀(Nile monitor)은 아프리카에 서식하는 왕도마뱀 중 한 종이다. 사바나왕도마뱀에 이은 두번째로 대중화가 많이 된 왕도마뱀으로, 사바나왕도마뱀에 비해 그리 많은 사육자가 존재하지는 않는다. 그 이유 중 하나로는 사바나왕도마뱀의 서식지에는 사바나왕도마뱀보다 상위 포식자가 그리 많지 않지만, 나일왕도마뱀의 서식지에는 사자, 악어, 하마 등 거대한 맹수들이 존재하기 때문에 성체가 되면 저절로 느긋해지는 여타 왕도마뱀들과는 달리 성체가 되어서도 사나우며, 테임하기도 어렵기 때문이다. 물론 야생 개체가 아닌 사람 손에서 길러진 CB개체들은 태생부터 순한 경우도 존재하며, 테임에 성공하면 사바나 못지않은 훌륭한 도마뱀이 될 수 있다.
나일왕도마뱀 사육 시 한가지 주의 할 점은 사바나는 아무리 커져봤자 130cm를 넘지 않지만, 나일은 성장 속도는 느리지만 최대 190cm까지 꾸준히 성장함으로 상당한 크기의 사육장을 필요로 한다. 모든 왕도마뱀은 사이테스 2급종이므로 사육 시 관련 서류가 필수이지만, 왕도마뱀치고는 저렴한 가격 때문에 무서류 개체들이 상당히 많이 존재하는 종이다.
