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Spathodea és un gènere monotípic de la família Bignoniaceae. L'única espècie del gènere és l'arbre de les tulipes o arbre de les tulipes africà (Spathodea campanulata).
És un arbre gran d'entre 7 i 25 m d'alçada originari de l'Àfrica tropical. És molt apreciat com a arbre ornamental a parcs i jardins de les zones tropicals arreu del món a causa de les seves flors grans i brillants, similars a tulipes, i de color roig ataronjat. En alguns llocs aquest arbre s'ha tornat una espècie invasora, arraconant arbres autòctons en els boscos.
La poncella de la flor conté aigua i les flors mateixes també acumulen aigua i rosada després de les pluges. Així aquests arbres atreuen ocells com colibrís, especialment l'Anthracothorax nigricollis, Florisuga fusca, o Hylocharis chrysura.[1] Els megalèmids fan llurs nius en forats del tronc.
El nom genèric prové del grec antic σπαθη (beina) i οιδα (oida)[2] el calze de la flor.[3]
És conegut com a tuliper africà (tulipanero africano), árbol de la fontana, llama-del-bosque, llama Nandi, amapola (República Dominicana), meaíto (Puerto Rico), caoba de Santo Domingo, gallito (Venezuela), galeana Mèxic ([4]). En francès s'anomena Tulipier du Gabon
Bulbul i flors de Spathodea a Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary, Andhra Pradesh, Índia
Flors
Spathodea; flor i poncelles a Sao Paulo
Spathodea; flor a Narshapur, a la vora de Hyderabad, Índia
Flor a Narshapur
Spathodea; fruit a Hyderabad.
Arbre a Kolkata, West Bengal, Índia
Escorça
Spathodea; fulles
Base de l'arbre i flors caigudes
Aspecte de l'arbre
Flors
Lllavor
Spathodea és un gènere monotípic de la família Bignoniaceae. L'única espècie del gènere és l'arbre de les tulipes o arbre de les tulipes africà (Spathodea campanulata).
Spathodea is a genus in the plant family Bignoniaceae. The single species it contains, Spathodea campanulata, is commonly known as the African tulip tree.[1] The tree grows between 7–25 m (23–82 ft) tall and is native to tropical dry forests of Africa. It has been nominated as among 100 of the "World's Worst" invaders.[2]
This tree is planted extensively as an ornamental tree throughout the tropics and is much appreciated for its very showy reddish-orange or crimson (rarely yellow), campanulate flowers. The generic name comes from the Ancient Greek words σπαθη (spathe) and οιδα (oida),[3] referring to the spathe-like calyx.[4] It was identified by Europeans in 1787 on the Gold Coast of Africa.[5]
The flower bud is ampule-shaped and contains water. People sometimes play with these buds because of their ability to squirt water.[6] The sap sometimes stains yellow on fingers and clothes. The open flowers are cup-shaped and hold rain and dew, making them attractive to many species of birds.
The African tulip tree flower produces large flamboyant reddish-orange flowers that have approximately five petals and are 8-15 cm long. The flowers are bisexual and zygomorphic. These are displayed in a terminal corymb-like raceme inflorescence. Its pedicel is approximately 6 cm long. This flower also has a yellow margin and throat. The pistil can be found at center of four stamens that is inserted on the corolla tube. This flower has a slender ovary that is superior and is two celled. The seeds of this tree are flat, thin, and broadly winged.
In Neotropical gardens and parks, their nectar is popular with many hummingbirds, such as the black-throated mango (Anthracothorax nigricollis), the black jacobin (Florisuga fusca), or the gilded hummingbird (Hylocharis chrysura).[7] The wood of the tree is soft and is used for nesting by many hole-building birds such as barbets. [8] Unfortunately the flowers have a natural defence killing bees, and it is thought various other species who harvest its pollen.
It has become an invasive species in many tropical areas, such as Hawaii, Queensland (Australia), Fiji, Papua New Guinea, South Africa[10] and the wet and intermediate zones of Sri Lanka.[11]
Spathodea campanulata is a declared class 3 pest species in Queensland, Australia, under the Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002.[12] It is known to be toxic to Australian native stingless bees, such as Lipotriches (Austronomia) flavoviridis.[13]
In Uganda, two lepidopteran species, two termite species, and one bark beetle attack S. campanulata. In Puerto Rico nine insect species in the orders Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, and Thysanoptera have been reported as feeding on various parts of S. campanulata. The species is quite susceptible to butt and heart rot; wood of the tree rots quickly when in contact with the ground.
Its wood is too weak for construction use but ideal enough for boxes and toothpicks. Fijian children sometimes use its flower buds as water pistols.[14]
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Spathodea is a genus in the plant family Bignoniaceae. The single species it contains, Spathodea campanulata, is commonly known as the African tulip tree. The tree grows between 7–25 m (23–82 ft) tall and is native to tropical dry forests of Africa. It has been nominated as among 100 of the "World's Worst" invaders.
This tree is planted extensively as an ornamental tree throughout the tropics and is much appreciated for its very showy reddish-orange or crimson (rarely yellow), campanulate flowers. The generic name comes from the Ancient Greek words σπαθη (spathe) and οιδα (oida), referring to the spathe-like calyx. It was identified by Europeans in 1787 on the Gold Coast of Africa.
Spathodea est un genre d'arbres de la famille des Bignoniaceae. C'est le genre du tulipier du Gabon.
Spathodea est un genre d'arbres de la famille des Bignoniaceae. C'est le genre du tulipier du Gabon.
Spathodea é um género botânico pertencente à família Bignoniaceae[1].
Apresenta 80 espécies:
Spathodea acuminata; Spathodea adenantha; Spathodea adenophylla; Spathodea alba; Spathodea alternifolia; Spathodea amoena; Spathodea arcuata; Spathodea atrovirens; Spathodea bracteosa; Spathodea campanulata; Spathodea candolleana; Spathodea caracasana; Spathodea cauda; Spathodea clematidifolia; Spathodea coito; Spathodea comosa; Spathodea consanguinea; Spathodea corymbosa; Spathodea crispa; Spathodea cymosa; Spathodea danckelmannii; Spathodea danckelmaniana; Spathodea diepenhorstii; Spathodea dolichandra; Spathodea falcata; Spathodea fenzliana; Spathodea fififormis; Spathodea filiformis; Spathodea flaviflora; Spathodea fraxinifolia; Spathodea gigantea; Spathodea glandulosa; Spathodea grandiflora; Spathodea heterophylla; Spathodea hispida; Spathodea ignea; Spathodea ilicifolia; Spathodea indica; Spathodea jenischii; Spathodea kohautiana; Spathodea laurifolia; Spathodea laevis; Spathodea lobbii; Spathodea longiflora; Spathodea loureiriana; Spathodea lutea; Spathodea luzonica; Spathodea macroloba; Spathodea magnolioides; Spathodea mansoana; Spathodea mollis; Spathodea montana; Spathodea nilotica; Spathodea obovata; Spathodea obtusifolia; Spathodea orinocensis; Spathodea ovata; Spathodea pentandra; Spathodea pisoniana; Spathodea platypoda; Spathodea podopogon; Spathodea portoricensis; Spathodea puberula; Spathodea rheedii; Spathodea rostrata; Spathodea roxburghii; Spathodea schomburgkii; Spathodea serratula; Spathodea serrulata; Spathodea speciosa; Spathodea stipulata; Spathodea suaveolens; Spathodea tenuifolia; Spathodea tomentosa; Spathodea tulipifera; Spathodea uncata; Spathodea uncinata; Spathodea velutina; Spathodea vernicosa; Spathodea xylocarpa; Spathodea zanzibarica.
Spathodea é um género botânico pertencente à família Bignoniaceae.
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