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Sclerocarpus is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Heliantheae within the family Asteraceae.[2][3][4][5] Bonebract is a common name for plants in this genus.[6]
It includes annuals and procumbent perennials which occur primarily in Mexico and Central America, with one species extending as far north as the state of Texas in the United States and another species widely distributed across the West Indies, South America, Africa, and Asia.[7] The genus is distinguished morphologically by the pales, which are modified to completely and tightly enclose the mature cypsela (achene) and often have a tuberculate surface. Some species of Aldama have a somewhat similar modification of the pales but in those the pale surface is irregularly wrinkled and pitted rather than tuberculate. Sclerocarpus is a member of the sunflower subtribe, Helianthinae, and is placed by molecular data as a relatively basal member of the group.[8]
The plant Sclerocarpus africanus (Jacq), locally known in Igbo dialect (Nigeria) as “nli-atulu” and Manding language (Senegal) as Bambara-goni, is used for treating gonorrhea and other venereal diseases in Nigerian ethno-medicine.[9] Phytochemical screening showed presence of carbohydrates, tannins and saponins. Flavonoids and anthraquinone glycosides were found only in the ethanol and methanol extracts. Anti-microbial screening of methanol and ethanol extracts showed activity against the following human pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Streptococcus pyogenes, Shigella dysenteriae, Candida albicans and Candida thrusei, with MIC value of 2.5 mg/ml; while Neisseria gonorrhoeae was inhibited at MIC 1.25 mg/ml.which had an observered MBC of 5 mg/ ml for ethanol extract. Similar MBC/MFC values were obtained for methanol extract except Shigella dysenteriae which had MBC of 5 mg/ml. Petroleum ether extract was active against S. aureus, S. typhi, S. dysenteriae and N. gonorrhoeae with MIC value of 5 mg/ml and MBC/MFC value 10 mg/ml; no activity was observed for S. pyogenes, C. albicans and C. thrusei; N. gonorrhoeae was most inhibited. Results obtained justify the ethno-medicinal use of this plant in treatment of gonorrhea and other venereal diseases caused by the test micro organisms.[10]
Sclerocarpus is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Heliantheae within the family Asteraceae. Bonebract is a common name for plants in this genus.
It includes annuals and procumbent perennials which occur primarily in Mexico and Central America, with one species extending as far north as the state of Texas in the United States and another species widely distributed across the West Indies, South America, Africa, and Asia. The genus is distinguished morphologically by the pales, which are modified to completely and tightly enclose the mature cypsela (achene) and often have a tuberculate surface. Some species of Aldama have a somewhat similar modification of the pales but in those the pale surface is irregularly wrinkled and pitted rather than tuberculate. Sclerocarpus is a member of the sunflower subtribe, Helianthinae, and is placed by molecular data as a relatively basal member of the group.
The plant Sclerocarpus africanus (Jacq), locally known in Igbo dialect (Nigeria) as “nli-atulu” and Manding language (Senegal) as Bambara-goni, is used for treating gonorrhea and other venereal diseases in Nigerian ethno-medicine. Phytochemical screening showed presence of carbohydrates, tannins and saponins. Flavonoids and anthraquinone glycosides were found only in the ethanol and methanol extracts. Anti-microbial screening of methanol and ethanol extracts showed activity against the following human pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Streptococcus pyogenes, Shigella dysenteriae, Candida albicans and Candida thrusei, with MIC value of 2.5 mg/ml; while Neisseria gonorrhoeae was inhibited at MIC 1.25 mg/ml.which had an observered MBC of 5 mg/ ml for ethanol extract. Similar MBC/MFC values were obtained for methanol extract except Shigella dysenteriae which had MBC of 5 mg/ml. Petroleum ether extract was active against S. aureus, S. typhi, S. dysenteriae and N. gonorrhoeae with MIC value of 5 mg/ml and MBC/MFC value 10 mg/ml; no activity was observed for S. pyogenes, C. albicans and C. thrusei; N. gonorrhoeae was most inhibited. Results obtained justify the ethno-medicinal use of this plant in treatment of gonorrhea and other venereal diseases caused by the test micro organisms.
Species Sclerocarpus africanus Jacq. - Africa, Asia, West Indies Sclerocarpus baranguillae (Spreng.) S.F.Blake - Colombia Sclerocarpus divaricatus (Benth.) Benth. & Hook. - from Colombia to Chihuahua Sclerocarpus multifidus Greenm. - Guerrero, México State Sclerocarpus papposus (Greenm.) Feddema - Michoacán, Oaxaca, Morelos Sclerocarpus phyllocepalus S. F. Blake - Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Chiapas Sclerocarpus schiedeanus (DC.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Hook.f. - México State Sclerocarpus sessifolius Greenm. - Sinaloa, Nayarit Sclerocarpus spatulatus Rose - Chihuahua, Sonora Sclerocarpus uniserialis (Hook.) Benth. & Hook. - from Texas to Guatemala formerly included Sclerocarpus dentatus - Aldama dentata Sclerocarpus discoideus - Micractis discoidea Sclerocarpus elongatus - Aldama dentata Sclerocarpus exiguus - Madia exigua Sclerocarpus gracilis - Madia gracilis Sclerocarpus kerberi - Aldama dentataSclerocarpus es un género de plantas con flores perteneciente a la familia Asteraceae. Comprende 26 especies descritas y de estas, solo 10 aceptadas.[1][2] Se distribuye por las regiones cálidas de América y una especie en África.
Son hierbas anuales (en Nicaragua) o perennes; tallos estrigosos, hirsutos o vellosos. Hojas opuestas en la parte inferior, alternas en la superior, márgenes dentados a casi enteros; pecioladas, las más altas a veces sésiles. Capitulescencias de capítulos solitarios, en pedúnculos largos, terminales o axilares en las hojas superiores; capítulos radiados; involucros campanulados; filarias en 1-serie, todas herbáceas; flósculos del radio estériles, las lígulas anchas, amarillas; flósculos del disco perfectos y fértiles, las corolas amarillas, el tubo no diferenciado del limbo, 5-nervio, los lobos lanceolados y barbados; anteras amarillas, incluidas, conectivo alargado, lanceolado; ramas del estilo teretes, atenuadas. Aquenios débilmente estriados, gris obscuros, completamente envueltos y cayendo con las páleas, éstas endurecidas, arrugadas, pilosas o rostradas, el todo comprende un esclerocarpo; vilano ausente.[3]
El género fue descrito por Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin y publicado en Icones Plantarum Rariorum 1(1): 17, pl. 176. 1871.[3] La especie tipo es Sclerocarpus africanus Jacq.
A continuación se brinda un listado de las especies del género Sclerocarpus aceptadas hasta julio de 2012, ordenadas alfabéticamente. Para cada una se indica el nombre binomial seguido del autor, abreviado según las convenciones y usos.
Datos: Q9075201
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Especies: Sclerocarpus
Sclerocarpus es un género de plantas con flores perteneciente a la familia Asteraceae. Comprende 26 especies descritas y de estas, solo 10 aceptadas. Se distribuye por las regiones cálidas de América y una especie en África.
Sclerocarpus is een geslacht uit de composietenfamilie (Asteraceae). De soorten uit het geslacht komen voor in Zuid-Amerika, van de Amerikaanse staat Texas tot in noordelijk Zuid-Amerika, en verder ook in delen van Afrika en Azië.[1]
Sclerocarpus is een geslacht uit de composietenfamilie (Asteraceae). De soorten uit het geslacht komen voor in Zuid-Amerika, van de Amerikaanse staat Texas tot in noordelijk Zuid-Amerika, en verder ook in delen van Afrika en Azië.
Sclerocarpus é um género botânico pertencente à família Asteraceae[1].
Sclerocarpus é um género botânico pertencente à família Asteraceae.
«Sclerocarpus — World Flora Online». www.worldfloraonline.org. Consultado em 19 de agosto de 2020Sclerocarpus là một chi thực vật có hoa trong họ Cúc (Asteraceae).[1]
Chi Sclerocarpus gồm các loài:
Sclerocarpus là một chi thực vật có hoa trong họ Cúc (Asteraceae).
