dcsimg

Description ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من eFloras
Trees or shrubs, 3-6(-8) m tall. Branchlets dense, often pendulous, red-purple, slender. Leaves green, those of vegetative branches slightly spreading, oblong-lanceolate or narrowly ovate, 1.5-1.8 mm, abaxially carinate at base, often thinly membranous, apex acute; those of vegetative branches in upper part subulate or ovate-lanceolate, 1-3 mm, abaxially carinate, base attenuate, apex acuminate, incurved. Flowers blooming 2 or 3 times each year. When blooming in spring, racemes lateral in pendulous, ligneous, growing branchlets of previous year, 3-6 cm × 5-7 mm, few flowered, lax, and pendulous; peduncles short or nearly absent, with or without bracts; bracts linear-oblong or oblong, equaling or slightly exceeding pedicels, apex acuminate; pedicels shorter than calyx, slender; flowers 5-merous; sepals 5, narrowly ovate, 0.8-1.3 mm, slightly shorter than petals, outer 2 carinate abaxially, margin slightly entire, apex mucronate; petals 5, pink, usually ovate-elliptic or elliptic-obovate, rarely obovate, ca. 2 mm, slightly exceeding calyx, persistent in fruit; disk purple-red, fleshy, 5-fid; lobes obtuse or retuse at apex; stamens 5, exceeding petals; filaments inserted between disk lobes; ovary conic; styles 3, clavate, ca. 1/2 as long as ovary. Capsule conic. When blooming in summer and autumn, racemes 3-5 cm, smaller than those in spring, forming terminal large panicles on branches of current year; flowers 5-merous, slightly smaller than those in spring, dense; bracts green, linear to linear-conic or narrowly triangular, smaller and narrower than those of spring flowers, longer than pedicels, abaxially raised at base, base attenuate, margin entire, apex acuminate; calyx triangular-ovate; petals pink, straight or slightly oblique outward, much exceeding calyx; disk 5-lobed, or subdivided into 10 lobules; stamens 5, equaling or ca. 2 × as long as petals; anthers obtuse; filaments inserted between disk lobes; styles clavate, 2/5-3/4 as long as ovary. Fl. Apr-Sep. 2n = 24*.
ترخيص
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
حقوق النشر
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
Flora of China Vol. 13: 60, 63 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
المصدر
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
محرر
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
المشروع
eFloras.org
النص الأصلي
زيارة المصدر
موقع الشريك
eFloras

Habitat & Distribution ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من eFloras
● Plains along rivers, seashores, moist salty places, sandy places. Anhui, Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Shandong; also widely cultivated in S and SW provinces.
ترخيص
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
حقوق النشر
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
Flora of China Vol. 13: 60, 63 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
المصدر
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
محرر
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
المشروع
eFloras.org
النص الأصلي
زيارة المصدر
موقع الشريك
eFloras

Synonym ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من eFloras
Tamarix juniperina Bunge.
ترخيص
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
حقوق النشر
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
Flora of China Vol. 13: 60, 63 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
المصدر
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
محرر
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
المشروع
eFloras.org
النص الأصلي
زيارة المصدر
موقع الشريك
eFloras

Tamarix chinensis ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من wikipedia EN

Tamarix chinensis is a species of tamarisk known by the common names five-stamen tamarisk[1] and Chinese tamarisk[2] or saltcedar. It is native to China and Korea, and it is known in many other parts of the world as an introduced species and sometimes an invasive noxious weed. It easily inhabits moist habitat with saline soils. It may grow as a tree with a single trunk or as a shrub with several spreading erect branches reaching 6 metres or more in maximum height. It has been known to reach 12 metres.[3] It has reddish, brown, or black bark. The small, multibranched twigs are covered in small lance-shaped, scale-like leaves which are no more than about 3 mm long. The inflorescence is a dense raceme of flowers a few cm long. Each fragrant flower has five petals which are usually pink but range from white to red.

This tamarisk can hybridize with Tamarix parviflora.[3] T. ramosissima may be treated in synonymy or as a separate species.

It has become an aggressive invader of wildlands in the southwestern United States, where it was once planted as an ornamental plant.[3] It reproduces vegetatively from its roots and also from its foliage if it happens to be covered by soil, as in sediment-rich flooding.[3] It also reproduces by its seed, which are tiny and tufted with hairs, easily dispersing on the wind.[3] Despite its reputation as a noxious weed, the tree can be useful for wood, in honey production, and as a nesting site for various birds.[3]

In its native habitat in China the plant forms thickets that act as useful barriers on the margins of waterways, including saline ocean shores.[4]

References

  1. ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Tamarix chinensis". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 8 December 2015.
  2. ^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Sheppard, W. D. (2008). Tamarix chinensis. In: Bonner, F. T., et al. The Woody Plant Seed Manual. Agric. Handbook No. 727. Washington, DC. USDA, Forest Service. p. 1087-1088.
  4. ^ Cui, B.; et al. (2010). "Responses of saltcedar (Tamarix chinensis) to water table depth and soil salinity in the Yellow River Delta, China". Plant Ecology. 209 (2): 279–290. doi:10.1007/s11258-010-9723-z. S2CID 12541544.

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Wikipedia authors and editors
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wikipedia EN

Tamarix chinensis: Brief Summary ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من wikipedia EN

Tamarix chinensis is a species of tamarisk known by the common names five-stamen tamarisk and Chinese tamarisk or saltcedar. It is native to China and Korea, and it is known in many other parts of the world as an introduced species and sometimes an invasive noxious weed. It easily inhabits moist habitat with saline soils. It may grow as a tree with a single trunk or as a shrub with several spreading erect branches reaching 6 metres or more in maximum height. It has been known to reach 12 metres. It has reddish, brown, or black bark. The small, multibranched twigs are covered in small lance-shaped, scale-like leaves which are no more than about 3 mm long. The inflorescence is a dense raceme of flowers a few cm long. Each fragrant flower has five petals which are usually pink but range from white to red.

This tamarisk can hybridize with Tamarix parviflora. T. ramosissima may be treated in synonymy or as a separate species.

It has become an aggressive invader of wildlands in the southwestern United States, where it was once planted as an ornamental plant. It reproduces vegetatively from its roots and also from its foliage if it happens to be covered by soil, as in sediment-rich flooding. It also reproduces by its seed, which are tiny and tufted with hairs, easily dispersing on the wind. Despite its reputation as a noxious weed, the tree can be useful for wood, in honey production, and as a nesting site for various birds.

In its native habitat in China the plant forms thickets that act as useful barriers on the margins of waterways, including saline ocean shores.

ترخيص
cc-by-sa-3.0
حقوق النشر
Wikipedia authors and editors
النص الأصلي
زيارة المصدر
موقع الشريك
wikipedia EN

Tamarix chinensis ( الإسبانية، القشتالية )

المقدمة من wikipedia ES

Tamarix chinensis (sin. Tamarix pentandra), el tamarindo rosa o taray catina, es un arbusto o arbolillo caducifolio. Está incluido en la lista100 de las especies exóticas invasoras más dañinas del mundo[1]​ de la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza.

Apariencia

Este arbusto alcanza una altura entre 3 y 5 m de altura; ramas largas y flexibles, difíciles de romper, de corteza pardo-rojizo oscuro, las más jóvenes algo lustrosas y lampiñas. Ramas delgadas de tonalidad purpúrea. Hojas de 1,5 a 4 mm, parecidas a las del ciprés; lanceoladas a ovadas, agudas, verde glaucas o pálidas. Flores rosadas pálidas o asalmonadas, en racimos densos y delgados de 4-8 cm de longitud, en verano después de las hojas; al final de las ramillas. Pétalos de 1 mm de longitud, persisten después de la maduración. Cápsulas aovadas, pequeñas, con numerosas semillas pilosas (penacho de pelos). Brácteas florales triangulares.

Florece

En primavera, y en verano.

Hábitat

Es endémica del sur de Rusia y de Asia Menor y sudoeste y centro de Asia, China. Es poco exigente en suelo, prefiere terrenos estructurados, y soporta climas muy variados. No se prohíbe la poda. Es una especie para zonas litoraleñas (próximas al mar*, por tolerar muy bien esos ambientes salinos: en las arenas y lagunas costeras, a lo largo de los ríos y corrientes de agua, sobre todo en las que atraviesan margas y otros depósitos subsalinos; se asocia con la adelfa, sauces y sauzgatillo. Prefiere los climas secos y calurosos.

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Un T. pentandra en Argelia.

Multiplicación

Se multiplica tanto por semilla, retoños y por esquejes de madera del año. Se propaga muy fácilmente por estacas de madera dura de 3 dm, bien plantadas a profundidad. Y enraiza muy bien bajo vidrio, a través de estacas de madera suave, cogidas a principios del verano. Son muy indicados para fijar dunas y márgenes de ríos.

Madera

Es apreciada como combustible y sus ramas sirvieron, por lo flexibles, para hacer maromas para las norias y como ataderos.

Taxonomía

Tamarix chinensis fue descrita por João de Loureiro y publicado en Flora Cochinchinensis 1: 182–183. 1790.[2]

Etimología

El nombre de este género conserva el que le daban los romanos y se cree derivado del río Tamaris de la Tarraconense —al parecer el actual río Tambre— en cuyas orillas crecían con profusión estos arbustos.

chinensis, epíteto que alude a su distribución geográfica en China.

Sinonimia
  • Tamarix gallica var. chinensis (Lour.) Ehrenb.
  • Tamarix juniperina Bunge
  • Tamarix pentandra Pall.[3]

Referencias

  1. Lowe S., Browne M., Boudjelas S., De Poorter M. (2000). 100 de las Especies Exóticas Invasoras más dañinas del mundo. Una selección del Global Invasive Species Database. Publicado por el Grupo Especialista de Especies Invasoras (GEEI), un grupo especialista de la Comisión de Supervivencia de Especies (CSE) de la Unión Mundial para la Naturaleza (UICN), 12pp. Primera edición, en inglés, sacada junto con el número 12 de la revista Aliens, Diciembre 2000. Versión traducida y actualizada: Noviembre 2004.
  2. Tamarix chinensis en Trópicos
  3. Tamarix chinensis en PlantList

Bibliografía

  1. AFPD. 2008. African Flowering Plants Database - Base de Donnees des Plantes a Fleurs D'Afrique.
  2. Flora of China Editorial Committee. 2007. Fl. China 13: 1–548. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis

 title=
ترخيص
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حقوق النشر
Autores y editores de Wikipedia
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wikipedia ES

Tamarix chinensis: Brief Summary ( الإسبانية، القشتالية )

المقدمة من wikipedia ES

Tamarix chinensis (sin. Tamarix pentandra), el tamarindo rosa o taray catina, es un arbusto o arbolillo caducifolio. Está incluido en la lista100 de las especies exóticas invasoras más dañinas del mundo​ de la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza.

ترخيص
cc-by-sa-3.0
حقوق النشر
Autores y editores de Wikipedia
النص الأصلي
زيارة المصدر
موقع الشريك
wikipedia ES

Tamarix chinensis ( البرتغالية )

المقدمة من wikipedia PT

Tamarix chinensis (sem. Tamarix pentandra), o tamarindo rosa ou taray catina, é um arbusto ou arbusto caducifolio. Está incluído na lista 100 das espécies exóticas invasoras mais daninhas do mundo da União Internacional para a Conservação da Natureza.[1]

Aparência

Este arbusto atinge a altura entre 3 e 5 m de altura; ramos longos e flexíveis, difíceis de partir, de corteza pardo-ruivo escuro, as mais jovens algo lustrosas e lampinhas. Ramos delgados de tonalidade purpúrea. Folhas de 1,5 a 4 mm, parecidas às do ciprés; lanceoladas a ovadas, agudas, verde glaucas ou pálidas. Flores rosadas pálidas ou asalmonadas, em racemos densos e delgados de 4-8 cm de comprimento, no verão após as folhas; ao final dos ramos. Pétalas de 1 mm de comprimento, persistem após a maduração. Cápsulas aovadas, pequenas, com numerosas sementes pilosas (penacho de cabelos). Brácteas florais triangulares.

Floresce

Em primavera, e em verão.

Habitat

É endémica do sul da Rússia e de Ásia Menor e sudoeste e centro da Ásia, China. É pouco exigente em solo, prefere terrenos estruturados, e suporta climas muito variados. Não se proíbe a poda. É uma espécie para zonas litorais (próximas ao mar*, por tolerar muito bem esses ambientes salinos: nas areias e lagoas costeiras, ao longo dos rios e correntes de água, sobretudo nas que atravessam pantânos e outros depósitos subsalinos; associa-se com a Oleandro, salgueiro e sauzgatilho. Prefere os climas secos e calorosos.

 src=
Um T. pentandra na Argélia

Multiplicação

Multiplica-se tanto por semente, vegetalmente e por estacas de madeira do ano. Propaga-se muito facilmente por estacas de madeira dura de 3 dm, bem plantadas a profundidade. E enraiza muito bem debaixo do vidro, através de estacas de madeira suave, apanhadas a princípios do verão. São muito indicados para fixar dunas e margens de rios.

Madeira

É apreciada como combustível e seus ramos serviram, por serem flexíveis, para fazer maromas para as rodas e como atadeiros.

Taxonomia

Tamarix chinensis foi descrita por João de Loureiro e publicado em Flora Cochinchinensis 1: 182–183. 1790.[2]

Etimologia

O nome deste género conserva o que lhe davam os romanos e se crê derivado do rio Tamaris da Tarraconense —ao que parece o atual rio Tambre, em cujas orlas cresciam com profusão estes arbustos.

chinensis, epíteto que alude a sua distribuição geográfica na China.

Sinonímia
  • Tamarix gallica var. chinensis (Lour.) Ehrenb.
  • Tamarix juniperina Bunge
  • Tamarix pentandra Pall.[3]

Referências

  1. Lowe S., Browne M., Boudjelas S., De Poorter M. (2000). 100 de las Especies Exóticas Invasoras más dañinas del mundo. Una selección del Global Invasive Species Database. Publicado pelo Grupo Especialista de Espécies Invasoras (GEEI), un grupo especialista da Comissão de Supervivência de Espécies (CSE) da União Mundial para a Natureza (UICN), 12pp. Primeira edição, em inglês, retirada junto com o número 12 da revista Aliens, Dezembro 2000. Versão traduzida e atualizada: Novembro 2004.
  2. Tamarix chinensis em Trópicos
  3. Tamarix chinensis em PlantList

Bibliografia

  • AFPD. 2008. African Flowering Plants Database - Base de Donnees des Plantes a Fleurs D'Afrique.
  • Flora of China Editorial Committee. 2007. Fl. China 13: 1–548. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis

 title=
ترخيص
cc-by-sa-3.0
حقوق النشر
Autores e editores de Wikipedia
النص الأصلي
زيارة المصدر
موقع الشريك
wikipedia PT

Tamarix chinensis: Brief Summary ( البرتغالية )

المقدمة من wikipedia PT

Tamarix chinensis (sem. Tamarix pentandra), o tamarindo rosa ou taray catina, é um arbusto ou arbusto caducifolio. Está incluído na lista 100 das espécies exóticas invasoras mais daninhas do mundo da União Internacional para a Conservação da Natureza.

ترخيص
cc-by-sa-3.0
حقوق النشر
Autores e editores de Wikipedia
النص الأصلي
زيارة المصدر
موقع الشريك
wikipedia PT

檉柳 ( الصينية )

المقدمة من wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Tamarix chinensis
Lour.

檉柳(學名Tamarix chinensis)又名垂絲柳观音柳三春柳西河柳山川柳等,是檉柳科植物。檉柳的嫩枝葉是中藥材。鮮用或乾用。

形态

落叶小乔木,枝条纤细,多下垂;鳞片状小叶;夏季开淡红色小花,由细瘦总状花序合成圆锥花序;蒴果

分布

產於中國黄河及长江流域以至两广、云南等地平原、沙地及盐碱地,为盐土地区重要的造林树种。

文獻研究

  • 本草綱目》謂垂絲柳「消痞,解酒毒,利小便。」
  • 化學分析,本品含槲皮素黃酮類化合物)、樹脂
  • 據藥理研究,本品能調節體溫,擴張皮膚血管,故有發汗解熱作用,本品能麻痺中腦、廷髓,因此內服過量能使血壓下降,呼吸困難,最後可致神經中樞麻痺而虛脫。

參考資料

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wikipedia 中文维基百科

檉柳: Brief Summary ( الصينية )

المقدمة من wikipedia 中文维基百科

檉柳(學名Tamarix chinensis)又名垂絲柳、观音柳、三春柳、西河柳、山川柳等,是檉柳科植物。檉柳的嫩枝葉是中藥材。鮮用或乾用。

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위성류 ( الكورية )

المقدمة من wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

위성류(渭城柳, Tamarix chinensis)는 중국 원산으로, 한국 중부 이남의 인가 근처에서 자라는 낙엽소교목이며 높이는 5m 정도이다. 가지는 가늘고, 밑으로 처진다. 잎은 어긋나며, 회록색으로 끝이 뾰족하다. 꽃은 1년에 2번 피고, 연분홍색, 가지끝에 총상꽃차례로 달리고, 봄철의 꽃은 늙은 가지에서 나오며, 크지만 무결실이다. 여름철의 꽃은 햇가지에서 나오고, 작지만 결실을 맺는다. 꽃잎, 꽃받침, 수술은 각각 5개, 씨방은 3개, 암술대는 곤봉 모양이다. 열매는 삭과이며 씨에 털이 있다. 잎은 약용으로 쓰인다.

Heckert GNU white.svgCc.logo.circle.svg 이 문서에는 다음커뮤니케이션(현 카카오)에서 GFDL 또는 CC-SA 라이선스로 배포한 글로벌 세계대백과사전의 내용을 기초로 작성된 글이 포함되어 있습니다.
 title=
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위성류: Brief Summary ( الكورية )

المقدمة من wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

위성류(渭城柳, Tamarix chinensis)는 중국 원산으로, 한국 중부 이남의 인가 근처에서 자라는 낙엽소교목이며 높이는 5m 정도이다. 가지는 가늘고, 밑으로 처진다. 잎은 어긋나며, 회록색으로 끝이 뾰족하다. 꽃은 1년에 2번 피고, 연분홍색, 가지끝에 총상꽃차례로 달리고, 봄철의 꽃은 늙은 가지에서 나오며, 크지만 무결실이다. 여름철의 꽃은 햇가지에서 나오고, 작지만 결실을 맺는다. 꽃잎, 꽃받침, 수술은 각각 5개, 씨방은 3개, 암술대는 곤봉 모양이다. 열매는 삭과이며 씨에 털이 있다. 잎은 약용으로 쓰인다.

Heckert GNU white.svgCc.logo.circle.svg 이 문서에는 다음커뮤니케이션(현 카카오)에서 GFDL 또는 CC-SA 라이선스로 배포한 글로벌 세계대백과사전의 내용을 기초로 작성된 글이 포함되어 있습니다.  title=
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