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Pinguicula longifolia, commonly known as the long-leaved butterwort, is a perennial carnivorous subalpine plant of the Central Pyrenees, found on both sides of the border. It catches its prey by using its modified leaves that lie on the ground and have “densely covered stalked glands that bear a droplet of sticky mucilage on its top.”[1] The need to capture arthropods is driven by the lack of nutrients present in the soil. P. l. subsp. longifolia obtain their nutrition primarily from flying insects, mainly diptera, which replenished the carnivorous plant with nitrogen. P. l. subsp. longifolia grows in wet shady areas and on vertical or overhanging limestone walls. It has been found at altitudes between 700 – 1900 meters. In the spring, the winter buds open and the first carnivorous leaves present themselves. These leaves are then followed by the flowers in early summer. Throughout summer the leaves can grow up to 14 cm in length and have glands present on both sides of the leaves, which is highly characteristic of P. l. subsp. longifolia. More carnivorous leaves arise throughout summer, and when the conditions become unfavourable, around autumn, a protective winter casing composed of scale like leaves is produced, in the centre of the rosette, called the hibernacula, also known as the plant bud. The leaves halt production and the old leaves wither and decay; P. l. subsp. longifolia is now ready for the winter dormancy. There must be optimal growth during the summer for P. l. subsp. longifolia, otherwise they produce weakened hibernacula which rot very easily.
The endemicity of this subspecies in the Pyrenees is a problem as habitat destruction could lead to reduced space to propagate on. P. l. subsp. longifolia are also threatened by carnivorous plant enthusiasts who collect rare specimens. The genus Pinguicula has been known to have many human uses, as they produce a strong bactericide, which prevents captured insects from rotting while digestion occurs. This beneficial property has been known by Europeans for centuries, as application of the bactericide to wounds of cattle encourages healing. Furthermore, the leaves have been used to curdle goat’s milk into Filmjölk, a Swedish fermented milk product.
Pinguicula longifolia, commonly known as the long-leaved butterwort, is a perennial carnivorous subalpine plant of the Central Pyrenees, found on both sides of the border. It catches its prey by using its modified leaves that lie on the ground and have “densely covered stalked glands that bear a droplet of sticky mucilage on its top.” The need to capture arthropods is driven by the lack of nutrients present in the soil. P. l. subsp. longifolia obtain their nutrition primarily from flying insects, mainly diptera, which replenished the carnivorous plant with nitrogen. P. l. subsp. longifolia grows in wet shady areas and on vertical or overhanging limestone walls. It has been found at altitudes between 700 – 1900 meters. In the spring, the winter buds open and the first carnivorous leaves present themselves. These leaves are then followed by the flowers in early summer. Throughout summer the leaves can grow up to 14 cm in length and have glands present on both sides of the leaves, which is highly characteristic of P. l. subsp. longifolia. More carnivorous leaves arise throughout summer, and when the conditions become unfavourable, around autumn, a protective winter casing composed of scale like leaves is produced, in the centre of the rosette, called the hibernacula, also known as the plant bud. The leaves halt production and the old leaves wither and decay; P. l. subsp. longifolia is now ready for the winter dormancy. There must be optimal growth during the summer for P. l. subsp. longifolia, otherwise they produce weakened hibernacula which rot very easily.
The endemicity of this subspecies in the Pyrenees is a problem as habitat destruction could lead to reduced space to propagate on. P. l. subsp. longifolia are also threatened by carnivorous plant enthusiasts who collect rare specimens. The genus Pinguicula has been known to have many human uses, as they produce a strong bactericide, which prevents captured insects from rotting while digestion occurs. This beneficial property has been known by Europeans for centuries, as application of the bactericide to wounds of cattle encourages healing. Furthermore, the leaves have been used to curdle goat’s milk into Filmjölk, a Swedish fermented milk product.
La grasilla o atrapamoscas (Pinguicula longifolia) es una especie de la familia de las lentibulariáceas.
Esta pequeña planta de unos 10-15 cm de altura posee como su nombre indica largas hojas amarillo pálido, colgantes, de contorno irregular, pecioladas, pegajosas por ser carnívora. Flores grandes tempranas en primavera, de color azul pálido o lila, con una gran mancha blanca pelosa en la garganta, corola de labios desiguales y pétalos redondeados; espolón de 10-16 mm curvado. Para mejorar su nutrición, atrapa pequeños insectos en sus hojas cubiertas de "grasilla" pegajosa.[1] En ella vive un ácaro que se alimenta de esos insectos y que ha conseguido adaptarse para no ser atrapado por las glándulas de la planta.[2]
Rocas calizas, en paredes verticales o extraplomadas y húmedas.
Esta especie es endémica del Pirineo central. Común en el parque nacional de Ordesa y Monte Perdido,[2] donde también existen tres especies muy similares y también carnívoras, Pinguicula vulgaris, Pinguicula alpina y Pinguicula grandiflora.[2][3]
Pinguicula longifolia fue descrita por Ramond ex DC. y publicado en Fl. Franç. ed. 3, 3: 728 1805.[4][5]
La grasilla o atrapamoscas (Pinguicula longifolia) es una especie de la familia de las lentibulariáceas.
La Grassette à longues feuilles (Pinguicula longifolia Ramond ex DC., 1805) est une grassette endémique des montagnes du sud de l'Europe depuis la péninsule Ibérique jusqu'aux Apennins[1].
La sous-espèce type est endémique des Pyrénées centrales et ses meilleures populations se trouvent dans le Parc national d'Ordesa et du Mont-Perdu [2].
Une autre sous-espèce, la Grassette des Causses, Pinguicula longifolia subsp. caussensis Casper (considérée récemment comme une espèce à part entière et denommée désormais Pinguicula caussensis (Casper) Roccia, Gluch, Lampard, A.S.Rob., A.Fleischm., S.McPherson, L.Legendre, Partrat & P.Temple (2016)), est endémique des Causses (sud du Massif central) et pousse sur les rochers calcaires suintants et plus particulièrement sur les "balmes" (encorbellement au pied des falaises dans les gorges comme celles du Tarn par exemple).
La Grassette à longues feuilles (Pinguicula longifolia Ramond ex DC., 1805) est une grassette endémique des montagnes du sud de l'Europe depuis la péninsule Ibérique jusqu'aux Apennins.
Pinguicula longifolia[1] este o specie de plante carnivore din genul Pinguicula, familia Lentibulariaceae, ordinul Lamiales.[1][2]
Această specie cuprinde următoarele subspecii:[1]
Pinguicula longifolia este o specie de plante carnivore din genul Pinguicula, familia Lentibulariaceae, ordinul Lamiales.
Багаторічна рослина з тонкими стеблами 5-15 см заввишки. Листя розташовані в прикореневій розетці, найнижчі прикореневі листи еліптичні 5-11 см завдовжки, верхні до лінійно-ланцетних, загострені, 6-14 см завдовжки, 1-2 см завширшки, по краю широко хвилясті, на коротких широких черешках. Квітконосні стрілки прямостоячі, тонкі, темно-лілові. Квіти поодинокі, верхівкові, горизонтальні або злегка пониклі, чашечки довгасті, віночок 2,5-4 см в діаметрі, стислий, злегка витягнутий, ліловий до світло-блакитного, двогубий, біля основи нижньої губи з білими плямами, пелюстки нижньої губи досить довгі. Зав'язь майже куляста. Цвіте з квітня по червень. Плід — яйцеподібна коробочка. Насіння циліндричне, завдовжки близько 1 мм. Восени листя зникають, і рослина утворює зимуючі бруньки. Морозостійкий вид, витримує пониження температури до мінус 23 °C. Рослина отруйна.
Європейський вид товстянки, в природі зустрічається в альпійському поясі гір Південно-Західної Європи (Іспанія, Андорра, Франція, Італія).
Описано 4 підвиди Pinguicula longifolia:
Росте в тінистих і вологих, вертикальних або нависаючих стінах вапняку на висоті від 500 до 1 900 м над рівнем моря.
