Diagnostic Description
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الإنجليزية
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المقدمة من Fishbase
This species is distinguished by the following characters: body moderately deep to somewhat slender, greatest body depth 2.6-2.8 in SL; preopercular notch and knob poorly developed; vomerine tooth patch triangular or diamond-shaped, with a medial posterior extension; tongue with a patch of granular teeth; gill rakers of first gill arch 6-7 + 7-11 = 13-18 (including rudiments); caudal fin truncate or slightly emarginate; scale rows on back rising obliquely above lateral line. Colour generally pink to whitish with a silvery sheen; a black spot, mainly above lateral line, below anterior rays of soft dorsal fin (adults from the Indian Ocean usually with 7-8 narrow golden brown stripes on sides); juveniles whitish with black stripes on sides and most Indo-Pacific fish with a pale-edged round black spot on upper back (Ref 9821, 90102).Description: Dorsal profile of head steeply to moderately sloped; preorbital width about equal to, or slightly less than eye diameter (Ref. 9821).
Morphology
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الإنجليزية
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المقدمة من Fishbase
Dorsal spines (total): 10; Dorsal soft rays (total): 14; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 8
Trophic Strategy
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الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fishbase
Occur in inshore waters of the continental shelf (Ref. 75154). Inhabit offshore coral reefs and also inshore rocky and coral reefs (Ref. 30573). Juveniles frequent mangrove estuaries and lower reaches of freshwater streams (Ref. 30573, 48635). Adults on clear outer reefs at moderate depths, usually over 20 m, and is more common in about 50 m depth (Ref. 48635). Feed on benthic invertebrates and fish (Ref. 5213). Also feed on benthic invertebrates (Ref. 11889).
Biology
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الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fishbase
Adults inhabit offshore coral reefs and also inshore rocky and coral reefs (Ref. 30573), at moderate depths, usually over 20 m, and is more common in about 50 m depth (Ref. 48635). Juveniles frequent mangrove estuaries and lower reaches of freshwater streams (Ref. 30573, 48635). They feed on benthic invertebrates and fish (Ref. 5213). Sold in Hong Kong live fish markets (Ref. 27253). A common market fish throughout its range; also a component of artisanal fisheries. Caught with handlines, traps, and bottom trawls and marketed mostly fresh (Ref. 9821).
Importance
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الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fishbase
fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: commercial
分布
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الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من The Fish Database of Taiwan
分布於印度-西太平洋區。西起非洲東岸，東至斐濟，南到澳洲南部，北迄日本南部。台灣各地海域均有產。
利用
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الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من The Fish Database of Taiwan
味美肉質佳是市場高經濟魚。一般漁法以一支釣、流刺網為主，偶可使用拖網捕獲。紅燒、煎食皆宜。
描述
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الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من The Fish Database of Taiwan
體長橢圓形，背緣呈弧狀彎曲。兩眼間隔平坦。前鰓蓋缺刻不顯著。鰓耙數15-18。上下頜具細齒多列，外列齒稍擴大，上頜前端具2犬齒，內列齒絨毛狀；下頜具一列稀疏細尖齒，後方者稍擴大；鋤骨齒帶三角形，其後方具有突出部；腭骨亦具絨毛狀齒；舌面無齒。體被中大櫛鱗，頰部及鰓蓋具多列鱗；背鰭鰭條部及臀鰭基部具細鱗；頭背部前額區鱗列數1-2，且左右分離有寬空隙；側線上方的鱗片斜向後背緣排列，下方的鱗片則與體軸平行。背鰭軟硬鰭條部間無明顯深刻；臀鰭基底短而與背鰭軟條部相對；背鰭硬棘X，軟條14；臀鰭硬棘III，軟條8；胸鰭長，末端達臀鰭起點；尾鰭內凹。體側褐色至紅褐色，腹部銀白；體側約有8條黃褐色縱帶，有時不顯；體側在背鰭鰭條部下方具一大黑斑，黑斑2/3在側線上方。背、尾鰭紅褐色；腹、臀鰭黃色。
棲地
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الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من The Fish Database of Taiwan
成魚主要棲息於外礁，但也可發現於岩岸礁區。幼魚有時可發現於紅樹林區、河口或河川之下游區。夜間覓食，以魚類及甲殼類為主食。
Lutjanus russellii
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الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من wikipedia EN
Lutjanus russellii, Russell's snapper, Moses snapper, fingermark bream, Moses seaperch or Russell's sea-perch, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a snapper belonging to the family Lutjanidae. It is native to the western Pacific Ocean.
Taxonomy
Lutjanus russellii was first formally described in 1849 as Mesoprion russellii by the Dutch physician, herpetologist and ichthyologist Pieter Bleeker with the type locality given as Jakarta, Java in Indonesia.[3] The specific name honours Patrick Russell the Scottish surgeon and herpetologist who described and depicted, without naming, this species in 1803.[4] Within the genus Lutjanus, L. russellii is closest to the Indian Ocean L. Indicus.[5]
Description
Lutjanus russellii has a moderately deep body to slender, its standard length being 2.6-2.8 times its depth. The forehead can be steep or moderately sloped and the knob and incision on the preopercle are poorly developed. The vomerine teeth are arranged in a triangular patch with a rearwards extension or in a rhombus and there is a patch of tiny teeth on the tongue.[6] The dorsal fin has 10 spines and 14 soft rays and the anal fin has 3 spines and 8 soft rays,[2] the rear of the dorsal and anal fins is rounded, although the anal fin tip can be pointed. The pectoral fins contain 16-17 rays and the caudal fin is either truncate or weakly emarginate.[6] This species attains a maximum total length of 50 cm (20 in), although 30 cm (12 in) is more typical.[2] The overall colour of this fish is whitish to silvery greyish-pink with a brownish back. There is an indistinct black spot, sometimes very indistinct, on the lateral line below the front portion of the dorsal fin.[7] The dorsal and caudal fins have a reddish colour while the other fins are yellow.[8] Juveniles are white in colour with four brown to blackish longitudinal stripes along the flanks, although these may be interrupted, and a horizontally-elongated black spot or ocellus on the lateral line.[7]
Distribution and habitat
Lutjanus russellii is found mainly in the western Pacific Ocean from the Gulf of Thailand and Sumatra east to Tonga, north to southern Japan and south to Australia.[1] In Australian waters this species is found from Shark Bay and the offshore reefs in Western Australia, at Ashmore Reef in the Timor Sea, round the northern and eastern coasts as far south as Wollongong and maybe to Jervis Bay in New South Wales.[7] This species is found at depths between 3 and 80 m (9.8 and 262.5 ft) on offshore coral reefs as well as inshore rocky and coral reefs. The juveniles inhabit mangrove lined estuaries and the lower parts of freshwater streams.[1]
Biology
Lutjanus russellii is a predatory fish which preys on benthic fishes and invertebrates. They reach sexual maturity at 28.1 cm (11.1 in) fork length, when they are about 4 years of age. The average longevity is around 17 years.[8]
Fisheries
Lutjanus russellii is a target species for artisanal fisheries and is frequently sold in fish markets wherever it occurs. Fishers catch it using handlines, traps and bottom trawls. It is also taken live and sold within the Hong Kong live fish trade.[1] This species is also extensively cultured in aquaculture.[7]
References
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^ a b c d Russell, B.; Lawrence, A.; Myers, R.; Carpenter, K.E.; Smith-Vaniz, W.F. (2016). "Lutjanus russellii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T194334A2313677. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T194334A2313677.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
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^ a b c Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2021). "Lutjanus russellii" in FishBase. February 2021 version.
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^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Lutjanus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
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^ Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (5 January 2021). "Order LUTJANIFORMES: Families HAEMULIDAE and LUTJANIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
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^ Jake Adams (13 March 2013). "Lutjanus indicus and L. papuensis, two new snapper species that are actually attractive". Reef Builders. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
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^ a b Gerald R. Allen (1985). FAO species catalogue Vol.6. Snappers of the world An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date (PDF). FAO Rome. pp. 113–114. ISBN 92-5-102321-2.
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^ a b c d Bray, D.J. (2020). "Lutjanus russellii". Fishes of Australia. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
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^ a b "Russell's snapper". FishIDER. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
Lutjanus russellii: Brief Summary
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من wikipedia EN
Lutjanus russellii, Russell's snapper, Moses snapper, fingermark bream, Moses seaperch or Russell's sea-perch, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a snapper belonging to the family Lutjanidae. It is native to the western Pacific Ocean.
