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Description ( الإنجليزية )

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Medium sized frog: maximum snout-to-vent length is 46 mm for males and 64 mm for females. Has warty skin, moderately long hind limbs, and completely unwebbed toes. Internarial distance shorter than distance from naris to eye. Males have no nuptial pads. Most commonly plain brown, sometimes has broad, light mid-dorsal band or two dorsolateral light bands. All have several rows of interrupted, raised glandular folds on the dorsal surface. Resembles Lechriodus melanopyga (Menzies 1975; Zweifel 1969).

مرجع

Zweifel, R. G. (1969). ''Frogs of the genus Platymantis (Ranidae) in New Guinea, with the description of a new species.'' American Museum Novitates, 2374, 1-19.

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Distribution and Habitat ( الإنجليزية )

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Found in low elevations throughout northern New Guinea, from eastern Indonesian islands to north coast lowlands of New Guinea to Milne Bay, d'Entrecasteaux and Trobriand Islands. Likes forests and gardens with extensive shrubbery and long grass (Menzies 1975; Zweifel 1969).
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Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors ( الإنجليزية )

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Call: Exposed or slightly sheltered, males climb onto stumps and logs about half a meter above ground or remain on the forest floor to call, which is related to territorial activity. The call is loud and distinctive, a series of three to ten or more notes in rapid succession like a "qik-qik-qik." There is a pause for about one to eight seconds between calls. Each note has a somewhat harsh initial segment followed by many closely spaced harmonics, ending with a fundamental at about 1000 to 1500 cycles per second. Usually they start calling in the late afternoon, before sunset (Menzies 1975; Zweifel 1969). Eggs: Unlike other members of the genus, small brown eggs are not laid in water. Instead, eggs are relatively large, unpigmented, and few in quantity, laid on land and hidden in damp places. Metamorphosis happens inside the egg so that young frogs instead of tadpoles emerge (Menzies 1975).
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Cornufer papuensis ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من wikipedia EN

Cornufer papuensis is a species of frog in the family Ceratobatrachidae. It is found in the northern parts of New Guinea and in many surrounding islands, including the Bismarck Archipelago, D'Entrecasteaux Islands, Trobriand Islands (Papua New Guinea), and Maluku Islands including Sula Islands and Seram Island (Indonesia).[1][2] Common name Papua wrinkled ground frog has been coined for the species.[2]

Description

Males can grow to 46 mm (1.8 in) and females to 64 mm (2.5 in) in snout–vent length. The toes have a trace of basal webbing. The dorsum has numerous short skin folds. There are three dorsal color patterns morphs: unicolored, two-striped (dorsolateral stripes), and one-striped (vertebral stripe).[3]

The male advertisement call is loud and consists of partly clustered pulses. Note length is 96–157 ms and inter-note length is 130–306 ms. Note repetition rate is relatively low at 4 per second.[4]

Habitat and conservation

Cornufer papuensis is a very common species in much of its range and occurs in a variety of habitats from primary rain forest to secondary regrowth, gardens, and other heavily disturbed habitats. It is a lowland species occurring at elevations below 1,200 m (3,900 ft).[1] Males call at night, but sometimes start well before sunset. They call from the floor of the rain forest, usually taking an exposed or slightly sheltered position on the leaf litter, but may sometimes call from low shrubs.[3]

There are no known threats to this widespread and adaptable species. Furthermore, it occurs in many protected areas.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2020). "Cornufer papuensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T58474A149654112. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T58474A149654112.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c Frost, Darrel R. (2018). "Cornufer papuensis (Meyer, 1875)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
  3. ^ a b Zweifel, Richard G. (1969). "Frogs of the genus Platymantis (Ranidae) in New Guinea, with the description of a new species". American Museum Novitates (2374): 1–19. hdl:2246/2584.
  4. ^ Günther, R. (2015). "Description of two new taxa of the ceratobatrachid genus Platymantis from western New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura)" (PDF). Vertebrate Zoology. 65 (1): 101–116. doi:10.3897/vz.65.e31509. S2CID 257192724.
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Cornufer papuensis: Brief Summary ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من wikipedia EN

Cornufer papuensis is a species of frog in the family Ceratobatrachidae. It is found in the northern parts of New Guinea and in many surrounding islands, including the Bismarck Archipelago, D'Entrecasteaux Islands, Trobriand Islands (Papua New Guinea), and Maluku Islands including Sula Islands and Seram Island (Indonesia). Common name Papua wrinkled ground frog has been coined for the species.

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