طرغونية حمراءة الرأس

Harpactes erythrocephalus^[2] ye una especie d'ave trogoniforme de la familia Trogonidae que vive na rexón indomalaya.

Descripción

Detalle de la cabeza d'un machu onde s'aprecien el so aniellu ocular y picu azules.

El trogón cabecirrojo mide ente 31 y 35 cm de llargor, incluyida la so llarga cola. Presenta dimorfismu sexual na so coloración. Los machos tienen la cabeza y les partes inferiores de color coloráu, con una llista blanca que dixebra'l pechu del banduyu. El so llombu ye de color canela y les sos nales son negres con un finu llistáu blancu nes coberteras. La so cola ye castaña na parte cimera y l'inferior ye negra coles plumes llaterales blanques. Presenten un aniellu ocular azul y el so picu robustu y cola punta curvada escontra baxo tamién ye azul. Les femes tienen la cabeza y el pechu pardos.

Distribución y hábitat

Alcuéntrase nel sudeste asiáticu, incluyida les zones montascoses de la islla de Sumatra, el nordés del subcontinente indiu y el sur de China, distribuyíu amás por Bangladex, Myanmar, Bután, Camboya, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malasia, Nepal, Tailandia y Vietnam. Atópase nos montes húmedos tropicales y subtropicales tantu de rexones baxes como de monte.

Taxonomía

Reconócense les siguientes subespecies según un orde filoxenéticu de la llista del Congresu Ornitolóxicu Internacional:^[3]

• H. y. erythrocephalus (Gould, 1834) - centru del Himalaya y nordeste d'India escontra Myanmar y noroeste de Tailandia
• H. y. helenae Mayr, 1941 - sur de China and norte de Myanmar.
• H. y. yamakanensis Rickett, 1899 - sudeste de China *

H. y. intermedius (Kinnear, 1925) - Yunnan (sur de China), norte de Laos y norte de Vietnam

• H. y. annamensis (Robinson & Kloss, 1919) - nordeste de Tailandia y sur d'Indochina
• H. y. klossi (Robinson, 1915) - montes Cardamomos (oeste de Camboya y sudeste de Tailandia)
• H. y. chaseni Riley, 1934 - centru y sur de la península Malaya
• H. y. hainanus Ogilvie-Grant, 1900 - islla Hainan (China)
• H. y. flagrans (Müller, S, 1836) - Sumatra

Referencies

Enllaces esternos

• Wikimedia Commons acueye conteníu multimedia sobre Harpactes erythrocephalus .

Harpactes erythrocephalus (lat. Harpactes erythrocephalus) - harpactes cinsinə aid heyvan növü.

Mənbə

An trogon penn ruz a zo un evn hag a vev en Azia. Harpactes erythrocephalus eo e anv skiantel.

Doareoù pennañ

Boued

Annez

Bevañ a ra al labous en Azia ar Gevred (eus Himalaya kornôg Nepal da greisteiz Sina ha Sumatra)^[1].

Daveennoù

El trogon cap-roig (Harpactes erythrocephalus) és un ocell de la família dels trogònids (Trogonidae) que habita boscos de les muntanyes del nord-est de l'Índia, Birmània, sud-est de la Xina, Hainan, Indoxina i Sumatra.

Referències

Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Trogon pengoch (sy'n enw gwrywaidd; enw lluosog: trogoniaid pengoch) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Harpactes erythrocephalus; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Red-headed trogon. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Trogoniaid (Lladin: Trogonidae) sydd yn urdd y Trogoniformes.^[1]

Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn H. erythrocephalus, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.^[2] Mae'r rhywogaeth hon i'w chanfod yn Asia.

Teulu

Mae'r trogon pengoch yn perthyn i deulu'r Trogoniaid (Lladin: Trogonidae). Dyma rai o aelodau eraill y teulu:

Rhestr Wicidata:

Gweler hefyd

• Rhestr Goch yr IUCN

Cyfeiriadau

भालेको टाउको

रक्तशिर नेपालमा पाइने एक प्रकारको चराको नाम हो । यसलाई अङ्ग्रेजीमा रेड-हेडेड ट्रगन (Red-headed Trogon) भनिन्छ ।

यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्

सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू

बाह्य लिङ्कहरू

The red-headed trogon (Harpactes erythrocephalus) is a species of bird in the family Trogonidae.

Etymology

H. erythrocephalus comes from the Ancient Greek terms ἐρυθρός eruthros meaning red and κεφαλή, kephalē meaning head.

Description

Close-up of a male's head. note the blue eye-ring and blue bill

The red-headed trogon is on average 34 cm (13 in) in length. The male has a red head and breast, a unique feature in the Trogon group. The female resembles the Diard's trogon without a speckled undertail.^[2]

The head, neck and upper breast of an adult male is dull crimson. A narrow white band crosses the mid breast, underneath which the lower breast to abdomen is light red to pink. Pale red can be observed on the flanks whereas the mantle and back of the bird are rusty brown. The male perches on branches with the support of mauve-blue legs. Regarding wing colouration, the lesser and median wing coverts, secondary coverts, as well as outer webs of tertials and secondaries are vermiculated black and white. The primary feathers also appear black and white. As for the bird's long tail, the central feathers are dark brown with a black tip, the second and third pairs are black and the outer pairs are white with black bases. Finally, a black-tipped cobalt blue bill, a deep mauve-blue gape and eyering and reddish-brown irises shape the bird's face.^[2]

The head, neck and upper breast of an adult female are olive-brown. Just like the male, a narrow white band crosses the mid breast, underneath which the lower breast to abdomen is light red to pink. The mantle and back appear orange to brown in colour. The wings are vermiculated dark brown and yellowish brown. The tail feathers are very similar to those of the males. The bill, gape and bare eyering are pale blue on females.^[2]

At the juvenile stage, the head, neck and upper-parts are buff brown, whereas the underparts appear buff white. No black tip on the narrower central tail feathers can be observed.^[2]

Standard measurements

Taxonomy

Trogon erythrocephalus was the scientific name proposed by John Gould in 1834 for a red-headed trogon specimen from Yangon in Myanmar.^[3] In the 19th and 20th centuries, several specimens were described:

• Trogon flagrans proposed by Salomon Müller in 1836 was a dark red-headed trogon collected on Mount Singgalang in Sumatra, Indonesia.^[4]
• Harpactes yamakanensis proposed by C. B. Rickett in 1899 was an olive-brown red-headed trogon collected near Yamakan in Fujian, China.^[5]
• Harpactes hainanus proposed by William Robert Ogilvie-Grant in 1900 was a specimen with a purplish crimson head and nape that was collected in the Wuzhi Mountains on Hainan Island.^[6]
• Pyrotrogon erythrocephalus klossi proposed by Herbert C. Robinson in 1915 was a brilliant red coloured trogon collected on Ko Chang Island, Thailand.^[7]
• Pyrotrogon erythrocephalus annamensis proposed by Robinson and C. Boden Kloss in 1919 were an adult male and four female red-headed trogons with ochraceous brown back and rump that were collected in a hilly area in southern Vietnam at elevations of 910–2,290 m (3,000–7,500 ft).^[8]
• Pyrotrogon erythrocephalus intermedius proposed by Norman Boyd Kinnear in 1925 were three specimens with a bright plumage that were collected in the Tonkin area.^[9]
• Harpactes erythrocephalus rosa proposed by Erwin Stresemann in 1929 was a specimen collected in the mountains of northern Guangxi in China.^[10]
• Harpactes erythrocephalus chaseni by Joseph Harvey Riley in 1934 were a male and female specimens from the Selangor in the Malay Peninsula.^[11]
• Harpactes erythrocephalus helenae by Ernst Mayr in 1941 was a specimen from Myitkyina District in Myanmar.^[12]

Distribution and habitat

A male red-headed trogon in Garbganga, Assam, India

A red-headed trogon in Neora Valley National Park

The red-headed trogon is widely distributed from central Nepal, Southeast Asia, southern China to Sumatra.^[1] It is uncommon to scarce in Nepal where habitat destruction most certainly explains a rapid decline in population numbers.^[13] It is fairly common in northeastern India, frequent in Bhutan, and locally dispersed in Bangladesh.^[14][15] It prefers upland forests and lives in dense broadleaved forests and in tropical and subtropical zones in the Himalayan foothills. In Southeast Asia, it frequents broadleaved evergreen forests from 300 to 2,600 m (980 to 8,530 ft).^[16][17] In Myanmar, it lives in bamboo and oak forests at an elevation of 2,500 m (8,200 ft).^[18][19] In Laos, it occurs in evergreen forests and adjacent plains 1,700 m (5,600 ft).^[20][21] The forests in Vietnam appear to be a stronghold.^[22][23] In northern, western and southern Thailand, it favours climax broadleaved evergreen forests between 400 and 2,000 m (1,300 and 6,600 ft).^[24][25] On the Malay Peninsula, it inhabits evergreen lowland, lower montane and taller upper montane forests at elevations ranging from 300 to 1,680 m (980 to 5,510 ft). Farther south, it is rarely seen below 700 m (2,300 ft).^[26][17]

Behaviour and ecology

A reproductive pair of red-headed trogons

The red-headed trogon has often been observed perching on shaded branches waiting for prey, alone or in pairs. Its flight between trees is often sluggish and very low, only a few meters above the ground.^[2] It is most active in the early morning hours and at night, when pursuing moths at the edges of forest clearings.^[27] In central southern Thailand, it shares habitat with the Orange-breasted trogon (Harpactes oreskios). The two species often follow flocks of foraging birds taking advantage of the insects they flush out.^[24] In most regions, it is sedentary, but also been observed to migrate between different elevations in northern and southern Laos.^[20][17]

Calls

The male's call resembles that of the Eurasian golden oriole (Oriolus oriolus): a sequence of usually five to six, well-spaced mellow “tyaup” notes, repeated every minute.^[17][28] Occasionally the male calls an extended “pluu-du” note marked by a significant terminal drop in pitch. The call is repeated every 3–6 seconds.^[29]

Diet

The red-headed trogon feeds primarily on insects and their larvae, including green orthopterans, stick-insects, cicadas, millipedes, flies, beetles, centipedes, woodlice and moths. It also feeds on leaves and fruits.^[17][30]

Reproduction

The red-headed trogon usually builds nests in a natural tree cavity 1.5 to 5 m (4 ft 11 in to 16 ft 5 in) above the ground. The entrance hole is generally wide, and occasionally, the mating pair excavates the entire nesting cavity. Sometimes, it uses old nesting holes of woodpeckers and barbets.^[2] The female lays 2 to 4 round, cream coloured, glossy eggs, measuring approximately 26.5 mm–27.5 mm × 23.5 mm–24.0 mm (1.04 in–1.08 in × 0.93 in–0.94 in). Both sexes contribute to the nesting process, namely excavating, incubating the eggs, brooding and feeding the offspring. Females incubate and spend more time brooding, also at night. Males provide food for the chicks. During the day, the pair broods in turns, but also incubate together. In Thailand, nesting occurs in March and continues until July. Chicks hatch after an incubation period of 18 days and leave the nest after 13.4 days.^[31] In Northern India, females lay eggs between mid April and mid July, with a peak in May and June.^[32] In China and Myanmar, they lay eggs in April.^[17][19] On the Malay Peninsula dependent juveniles have been observed between early March and late May.^[26][17][31]

References

El trogón cabecirrojo (Harpactes erythrocephalus)^[2]​ es una especie de ave trogoniforme de la familia Trogonidae que vive en la región indomalaya.

Descripción

Detalle de la cabeza de un macho donde se aprecian su anillo ocular y pico azules.

El trogón cabecirrojo mide entre 31 y 35 cm de longitud, incluida su larga cola. Presenta dimorfismo sexual en su coloración. Los machos tienen la cabeza y las partes inferiores de color rojo, con una lista blanca que separa el pecho del vientre. Su espalda es de color canela y sus alas son negras con un fino listado blanco en las coberteras. Su cola es castaña en la parte superior y la inferior es negra con las plumas laterales blancas. Presentan un anillo ocular azul y su pico robusto y con la punta curvada hacia abajo también es azul. Las hembras tienen la cabeza y el pecho pardos.

Distribución y hábitat

Se encuentran en el sudeste asiático, incluida las zonas montañosas de la isla de Sumatra, el noreste del subcontinente indio y el sur de China, distribuido además por Bangladés, Birmania, Bután, Camboya, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malasia, Nepal, Tailandia y Vietnam. Se encuentra en los bosques húmedos tropicales y subtropicales tanto de regiones bajas como de montaña.

Taxonomía

Se reconocen las siguientes subespecies según un orden filogenético de la lista del Congreso Ornitológico Internacional:^[3]​

• H. e. erythrocephalus (Gould, 1834) - centro del Himalaya y nordeste de India hacia Birmania y noroeste de Tailandia
• H. e. helenae Mayr, 1941 - sur de China and norte de Birmania
• H. e. yamakanensis Rickett, 1899 - sudeste de China
• H. e. intermedius (Kinnear, 1925) - Yunnan (sur de China), norte de Laos y norte de Vietnam
• H. e. annamensis (Robinson & Kloss, 1919) - nordeste de Tailandia y sur de Indochina
• H. e. klossi (Robinson, 1915) - montes Cardamomos (oeste de Camboya y sudeste de Tailandia)
• H. e. chaseni Riley, 1934 - centro y sur de la península Malaya
• H. e. hainanus Ogilvie-Grant, 1900 - isla Hainan (China)
• H. e. flagrans (Müller, S, 1836) - Sumatra

Referencias

Harpactes erythrocephalus Harpactes generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Trogonidae familian sailkatua dago.

Erreferentziak

Kanpo estekak

• World Bird Names

Ikus, gainera

• Harpactes
• Trogonidae

Ruusutrogoni (Harpactes erythrocephalus) on trogonien heimoon kuuluva kaakkoisaasialainen lintu. Sen esiintymisalue ulottuu Nepalin Himalajalta ja Koillis-Intiasta itään eteläiseen Kiinaan, Indokiinaan, Thaimaahan, Malakan niemimaalle ja Sumatralle. Lajista tunnetaan kymmenen alalajia. John Gould kuvaili lajin holotyypin Burman Rangoonista vuonna 1834.^[2]

Lähteet

Harpactes erythrocephalus

Le Trogon à tête rouge (Harpactes erythrocephalus) est une espèce d'oiseau de la famille des Trogonidés.

Description

Le trogon à tête rouge mesure de 31 à 36 cm^[1].

Trogon à tête rouge, parc national de Khao Yai, Thaïlande

Répartition

Il peuple le nord-est du sous-continent indien, le sud de la Chine et de manière diffuse toute l'Asie du Sud-Est.

Habitat

Ses habitats naturels sont les forêts humides des terres basses tropicales ou subtropicales et les montagnes humides tropicales ou subtropicales.

Notes et références

Burung Kesumba Gunung adalah salah satu daripada haiwan yang boleh didapati di Malaysia. Nama sainsnya ialah Harpactes erythrocephalus.

Ciri-ciri

Burung Kesumba Gunung ialah haiwan yang tergolong dalam golongan benda hidup, alam : haiwan, filum : kordata, sub-filum : bertulang belakang (vertebrata), kelas : burung. Burung Kesumba Gunung adalah haiwan berdarah panas, mempunyai sayap dan tubuh yang diselubungi bulu pelepah. Paruh Burung Kesumba Gunung tidak bergigi.

Makanan

Pembiakan

Burung Kesumba Gunung membiak dengan bertelur. Telur Burung Kesumba Gunung bercangkerang keras.

Habitat

Pautan luar

• Carian Google.

De roodkoptrogon (Harpactes erythrocephalus) is een vogelsoort uit de familie Trogons (Trogonidae).

Verspreiding en leefgebied

Deze soort komt voor van de Himalaya en zuidelijk China tot Sumatra en telt 9 ondersoorten:

• Harpactes erythrocephalus erythrocephalus: van de centrale Himalaya en noordoostelijk India tot Myanmar en noordwestelijk Thailand.
• Harpactes erythrocephalus helenae: zuidelijk China en noordelijk Myanmar.
• Harpactes erythrocephalus yamakanensis: zuidoostelijk China.
• Harpactes erythrocephalus intermedius: Yunnan (zuidelijk China), noordelijk Laos en noordelijk Vietnam.
• Harpactes erythrocephalus annamensis: noordoostelijk Thailand en zuidelijk Indochina.
• Harpactes erythrocephalus klossi: Krâvanh-gebergte (westelijk Cambodja en zuidoostelijk Thailand).
• Harpactes erythrocephalus chaseni: centraal en zuidelijk Maleisië.
• Harpactes erythrocephalus hainanus: Hainan (nabij zuidoostelijk China).
• Harpactes erythrocephalus flagrans: Sumatra.

Externe link

• Avibase

Rödhuvad trogon^[2] (Harpactes erythrocephalus) är en fågel i familjen trogoner inom ordningen trogonfåglar.^[3] IUCN kategoriserar arten som livskraftig.^[1]

Rödhuvad trogon delas in i tio underarter med följande utbredning:^[3]

• Harpactes erythrocephalus hodgsoni – nordöstra Indien till östra Nepal och Bhutan
• Harpactes erythrocephalus erythrocephalus – östra Himalaya till Burma och nordvästra Thailand
• Harpactes erythrocephalus helenae – södra Kina (västra Yunnan) och norra Burma
• Harpactes erythrocephalus yamakanensis – sydöstra Kina (Sichuan, Fujian och norra Guangdong)
• Harpactes erythrocephalus intermedius – norra Laos, norra Vietnam och södra Kina (Yunnan)
• Harpactes erythrocephalus annamensis – östra Thailand, södra Laos och Vietnam
• Harpactes erythrocephalus klossi – Cardamom Mountains (västra Kambodja och sydvästligaste Thailand)
• Harpactes erythrocephalus chaseni – Malackahalvön
• Harpactes erythrocephalus hainanus – Hainan (södra Kina)
• Harpactes erythrocephalus flagrans – bergen på Sumatra

Noter

1. ^ [a b] Birdlife International 2012 Harpactes erythrocephalus Från: IUCN 2015. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015.4 www.iucnredlist.org. Läst 2016-02-01.
2. ^ Sveriges ornitologiska förening (2016) Officiella listan över svenska namn på världens fågelarter Arkiverad 18 oktober 2014 hämtat från the Wayback Machine., läst 2016-02-10
3. ^ [a b] Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood (2016) The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 2016 http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download, läst 2016-08-11

Externa länkar

• Wikimedia Commons har media som rör rödhuvad trogon.
  Bilder & media
• Wikispecies har information om Harpactes erythrocephalus.
  Artförteckning

Harpactes erythrocephalus là một loài chim trong họ Trogonidae.^[1] Loài này sinh sống ở Bangladesh, Buhtan, Nepal, Ấn Độ, Trung Quốc, Đông Nam Á.

Chú thích

Tham khảo

Bài viết liên quan đến chim này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.

• x
• t
• s

Пара рыжеволосых трогонов

Поведение

Миграции

В большинстве регионов, рыжеголовый трогон малоподвижная птица, хотя исследователи наблюдали миграции в Южном Лаосе,^[3], а также в Северном Лаосе.^[5]

Привычки

Рыжеголовые трогоны часто сидят в тенистой местности и поджидают добычу в одиночку или попарно. Полет между деревьев часто вялый и очень низкий всего в нескольких метрах над землей^[1].

Рыжеголовые трогоны наиболее активны в ранние часы утром и вечером, когда они летают на опушках и лесных полянах в погоне за мотыльками.^[7]

В Центрально-Южном Таиланде, они разделяют своё обитание с Оранжево-грудый трогон (Harpactes oreskios).

Пища

Рыжеголовые трогоны питаются преимущественно насекомыми и их личинками. Также кормятся листьями и фруктами, зелеными прямокрылыми, палочниками, цикадами, многоножками, мухами, жуками, мокрицами и молями^[3][8]

Размножение

Гнездование

В Северной Индии, яйца откладываются в период с середины апреля до середины июля, с пиком в мае и июне. В Китае, яйцекладка происходит в апреле,^[3] как и в Мьянме.^[9] В Таиланде откладка яиц происходит чуть ранее, в марте и продолжается до июля, в то время как на Малайском полуострове, наблюдается в период с начала марта до конца мая^[3][4].

Рыжеголовые трогоны гнездятся, как правило, в естественных полостях деревьев, от 1,5 до 5 м над землей. Входное отверстие широкое. Птицы были замечены в использование старых гнездовых отверстий дятлов и бородаток^[1].

Оба родителя организовывают гнездовой процесс, а именно инкубацию яиц, насиживание и вскармливание потомства. Однако самки тратят больше времени на вынашивание, так как лишь они насиживают яйца. Мужские особи вносят больший вклад в обеспечение птенцов едой^[10]. В течение дня пара будет по очереди согревать выводок хотя они были известны в совместном насиживании.^[10].

Успех гнездования невелик и составляет около 9 %^[10].

Яйца

У рыжеголового трогона круглые, кремового цвета, глянцевые яйца. Каждое яйцо размером примерно 26,5-27,5 мм x 23,5-24,0 мм. Средний размер кладки составляет 2,6 яйца (между 2 и 4), с инкубационным периодом 18 дней и период гнездования до 13,4 дней, по данным одного исследования в Таиланде^[10].

Примечания

• H. e. yamakanensis
• H. e. helenae
• H. e. hainanus
• H. e. intermedius

红头咬鹃（学名Harpactes erythrocephalus）是咬鹃科咬鹃属的一种。

分布地域

喜马拉雅山脉至中国南部、东南亚及苏门答腊。

分布状况

罕见留鸟，栖息于热带及亚热带森林，高至海拔2400米。在中国，亚种yamakanensis分布于四川南部至贵州、广东北部及福建；helenae于西藏东南部至云南极西部；指名亚种在云南南部怒江及澜沧江之间；intermedius于云南东南部，hainanus于海南岛。

特征

体大（长约33厘米）而头红的咬鹃。雄鸟以红色的头部为特征。背部颈圈缺失，红色的胸部上具狭窄的半月形白环。雌鸟与其他雌咬鹃区别在腹部红色，胸部具半月形白环；而与所有雄咬鹃的区别在头黄褐色。 虹膜－褐色；眼周裸皮蓝色；嘴－近蓝；脚－偏粉。

习性

由密林的低树枝上猎取食物。

繁殖

声明：部分内容根据《中国鸟类野外手册》编写，这些部分版权归《中国鸟类野外手册》所有

参见

《中国鸟类野外手册》 湖南教育出版社