Vespadelus darlingtoni (G. M. Allen 1933)

Vespadelus darlingtoni és una espècie de ratpenat de la família dels vespertiliònids. És endèmic del sud-est d'Austràlia (Austràlia Meridional, Victòria, Nova Gal·les del Sud, Tasmània i l'illa de Lord Howe).^[2] Els seus hàbitats naturals són les selves pluvials, els boscos d'eucaliptus secs o humits, els boscos subalpins i els erms alpins. Es creu que no hi ha cap amenaça significativa per a la supervivència d'aquesta espècie.^[3] Aquest tàxon fou anomenat en honor del zoogeògraf estatunidenc Philip Jackson Darlington Jr.^[4]

Reproducció

Les femelles pareixen una sola cria.^[3]

Referències

Enllaços externs

The large forest bat (Vespadelus darlingtoni) is a common vesper bat found in southeast Australia, Tasmania, and Lord Howe Island.

Taxonomy

The first description was published by G. M. Allen in 1933. The specimen described was obtained by Philip Darlington in northern Queensland, another member of a work group for the American Museum of Comparative Zoology, the Harvard Australian Expedition (1931–1932) led by William M. Wheeler^[2]

Description

The fur over the back and front is a dark shade of rich brown or brownish red, nearly uniform in colour overall, the population in Tasmania may be very dark to black.^[4][5] The hair of this larger species is coarse and long. A triangular shaped feature is seen at the lower point of the mouth.^[5] The patagium across the wings is grey-black.^[5] The range of length in the forearm is 32 to 39 millimetres, and they weigh 4 to 10 grams.^[4]

The species forearm length measures 33 to 37 mm (1.3 to 1.5 in), the head and body combined is 28 to 49 mm (1.1 to 1.9 in) long, tail length is 29 to 38 mm (1.1 to 1.5 in). The sampled weight range of 6.0 to 8.3 g (0.21 to 0.29 oz) gives an average of 7.2 g (0.25 oz). A key to a diagnosis for the species is the proportion of the phalanx bones in the third finger, the ratio of the third to second phalanges is greater than 0.84. The length of the penis is small and it has as an angular bend, the tip is not enlarged. The larger size of the Vespadelus darlingtoni distinguishes it from others of the genus, the forearm length being greater than 33 mm (1.3 in), in particular the similar species V. pumilus (eastern forest bat). The richly coloured chocolate wattled species Chalinolobus morio is separable by the absence of that species lobe at the lower lip and raised fur between the eyes.^[5]

A single birth during November and December is usual for the species.^[5]

Distribution and habitat

Found in Victoria, New South Wales, Tasmania, Queensland, South Australia and a volcanic outcrop, Lord Howe Island, to the east of Australia.^[1] The species is also recorded at Flinders and Kangaroo Island.^[5] The species occurs at elevations up to 1600 metres asl, the highest record is from New South Wales.^[1] They occur at all elevations in the southern regions, but the range to the north is restricted to the cooler environs at higher altitudes.^[1]

Vespadelus darlingtoni is common around the eastern headwaters of the Murray and Murrumbidgee rivers, favouring woodland and other habitat in the agricultural regions.^[4] The habitat is associated with the Great Dividing Range.^[5]

The species is common and widely distributed, and not known to be declining in population. No threats are known, and the distribution range includes conservation areas that are inhabited by the species. It is found in dry and wet eucalypt forest, rainforest, and at sub-alpine to alpine habitats. Vespadelus darlingtoni is observed in small reserves of woodland of rural areas and present at the urbanised landscape. They roost in the hollows of trees with up to sixty others of the species.^[1] The population at Lord Howe is the only species of bat confirmed to living on the island. Reports of a second larger species also existing there seemed to be confirmed when a new species, Nyctophilus howensis, was described using the skull of a recently deceased individual.^[4]

References

Vespadelus darlingtoni es una especie de murciélago de la familia Vespertilionidae.

Distribución geográfica

Es endémica de Australia.

Referencias

• PENNAY, M.; LUMSDEN, L. 2008. Vespadelus darlingtoni. In: IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

Bibliografía

• SIMMONS, N. B. Order Chiroptera. In: WILSON, D. E.; REEDER, D. M. (Eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. 3. ed. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005. v. 1, p. 312-529.

Vespadelus darlingtoni Vespadelus generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Vespertilioninae azpifamilia eta Vespertilionidae familian sailkatuta dago

Erreferentziak

• 'Vespadelus darlingtoni'ri buruzko informazioa Mammals of The World datubasean

Ikus, gainera

• Vespertilionidae

Vespadelus darlingtoni (Allen, 1933) è un pipistrello della famiglia dei Vespertilionidi diffuso in Australia.^[1][2]

Descrizione

Dimensioni

Pipistrello di piccole dimensioni, con la lunghezza della testa e del corpo tra 38 e 49 mm, la lunghezza dell'avambraccio tra 32,5 e 37,2 mm, la lunghezza della coda tra 29 e 38 mm, la lunghezza del piede tra 5,2 e 7 mm, la lunghezza delle orecchie tra 10 e 13 mm e un peso fino a 8,3 g.^[3]

Aspetto

La pelliccia è lunga e densa. Le parti dorsali sono castane, mentre le parti ventrali sono marroni. Una macchia triangolare nerastra è presente sul labbro inferiore. Gli esemplari della Tasmania sono interamente nerastri. Le orecchie sono castane, corte, triangolari e ben separate tra loro. Le membrane alari sono marroni. La coda è lunga e inclusa completamente nell'ampio uropatagio. Il pene è corto e piegato verso il basso.

Ecolocazione

Emette ultrasuoni ad alto ciclo di lavoro sotto forma di impulsi di breve durata con frequenza modulata finale di 38-46 kHz^[4].

Biologia

Comportamento

Si rifugia all'interno delle cavità degli alberi in colonie fino a 60 esemplari. Cattura le prede all'interno della copertura forestale o sotto di essa.

Alimentazione

Si nutre di insetti.

Riproduzione

Le femmine danno alla luce un piccolo alla volta tra novembre e dicembre.

Distribuzione e habitat

Questa specie è diffusa nel Queensland sud-orientale, Nuovo Galles del Sud orientale, stato di Victoria, Australia meridionale sud-orientale e sulle isole della Tasmania, dei Canguri, Flinders e di Lord Howe.

Vive nei boschi e nelle foreste pluviali, nei boschi umidi e aridi di Eucalipto, nei boschi subalpini e nelle brughiere fino a 1.300 metri di altitudine. Nella parte più settentrionale dell'areale è ristretto alle zone più fredde ed elevate.

Stato di conservazione

La IUCN Red List, considerato il vasto areale, la popolazione probabilmente numerosa e la presenza in diverse aree protette, classifica V.darlingtoni come specie a rischio minimo (LC).^[1]

Note

Bibliografia

• Peter Menkhorst & Frank Knight, A Field Guide to the Mammals of Australia, Oxford University Press, USA, 2001, ISBN 9780195508703.

Vespadelus darlingtoni is een vleermuis uit het geslacht Vespadelus die voorkomt in Zuidoost-Australië, waar hij voorkomt van Zuidoost-Queensland tot de omgeving van Adelaide (Zuid-Australië) en op de eilanden Tasmanië, Kangaroo, Flinders en Lord Howe. Voor deze soort wordt soms ook de nieuwere, incorrecte naam sagitula McKean, Richards & Price, 1987 gebruikt. Mogelijk bestaan er meerdere soorten binnen de huidige definitie van V. darlingtoni.

Deze soort heeft een dikke, lange, donkerbruine vacht. In Tasmanië is de vacht soms nog donkerder. De kop-romplengte bedraagt 38 tot 49 mm, de staartlengte 29 tot 38 mm, de voorarmlengte 32,5 tot 37,2 mm, de oorlengte 10 tot 13 mm en het gewicht 6,0 tot 8,3 g.

V. darlingtoni leeft in bossen. In het warmere noorden van zijn verspreidingsgebied leeft hij vooral in hogere, koudere gebieden. Het dier slaapt in boomholtes. In november of december wordt een enkel jong geboren.

Literatuur

• Menkhorst, P. & Knight, F. 2001. A Field Guide to the Mammals of Australia. South Melbourne: Oxford University Press, x+269 pp. ISBN 0 19 550870 X
• Simmons, N.B. 2005. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 312-529 in Wilson, D.E. & Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic reference. 3rd ed. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, Vol. 1: pp. i-xxxv+1-743; Vol. 2: pp. i-xvii+745-2142. ISBN 0 8018 8221 4

Vespadelus darlingtoni é uma espécie de morcego da família Vespertilionidae. Endêmica da Austrália.

Referências

• SIMMONS, N. B. Order Chiroptera. In: WILSON, D. E.; REEDER, D. M. (Eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. 3. ed. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005. v. 1, p. 312-529.
• PENNAY, M.; LUMSDEN, L. 2008. Vespadelus darlingtoni. In: IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. . Acessado em 29 de dezembro de 2008.

Vespadelus darlingtoni^[3] är en fladdermusart som beskrevs av G. M. Allen 1933. Vespadelus darlingtoni ingår i släktet Vespadelus och familjen läderlappar.^[4][5] Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.^[4]

Denna fladdermus förekommer i sydöstra Australien och på Tasmanien. Arten når i bergstrakter 1300 meter över havet. Habitatet utgörs av olika slags skogar och av träskmarker. Vespadelus darlingtoni besöker även jordbruksmark och städernas kanter. Individerna vilar i trädens håligheter och bildar där kolonier med upp till 60 medlemmar. Per kull föds en unge.^[1]

Källor

1. ^ [a b] Pennay, M. & Lumsden, L. 2010 Vespadelus darlingtoni Från: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 <www.iucnredlist.org>. Läst 2015-04-17.
2. ^ Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole (2000) , Common Names of Mammals of the World
3. ^ [a b] Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. (2005) , Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., Vespadelus darlingtoni
4. ^ [a b] Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.) (27 april 2011). ”Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.”. Species 2000: Reading, UK. http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/eptesicus+sagittula/match/1. Läst 24 september 2012.
5. ^ ITIS: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Orrell T. (custodian), 2011-04-26

Vespadelus darlingtoni — вид родини лиликових.

Середовище проживання

Поширення: Австралія (Новий Південний Уельс, Південна Австралія, Вікторія), включаючи острови Тасманія та Лорд-Хау. Відомий від рівня моря до 1300 м. Мешкає в тропічних лісах, вологих і сухих евкаліптових лісах, субальпійських лісах, альпійських болотах. Зустрічається в міських районах і в залишках рослинності сільгоспугідь. Лаштує сідала в дуплах дерев колоніями до 60 тварин. Самиці народжують одне дитинча.

Загрози та охорона

Здається, немає серйозних загроз для цього виду. Цей вид зустрічаються в багатьох природоохоронних територій.

Посилання

• Pennay, M. & Lumsden, L. 2008. Vespadelus darlingtoni. In: IUCN 2012

Vespadelus darlingtoni là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Dơi muỗi, bộ Dơi. Loài này được G. M. Allen mô tả năm 1933.^[1]

Chú thích

Tham khảo

Bài viết họ Dơi muỗi này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.

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큰숲박쥐(Vespadelus darlingtoni)는 애기박쥐과에 속하는 박쥐의 일종이다. 오스트레일리아에서만 발견된다.^[2]

각주