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Prosotas nora ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من wikipedia EN

In Bangalore, India

Prosotas nora, the common lineblue,[2] is a species of lycaenid butterfly found in Asia to Australia. The species was first described by Rudolf Felder in 1860.[3][2]

Description

Male upperside: purplish brown or purplish with a dark tint, some specimens brown with a very slight purplish sheen seen only in certain lights. Forewings and hindwings: nearly uniform, both with slender black anteciliary lines, the hindwing in addition with the costal and dorsal margins paler; in most specimens with a subterminal black spot in interspace 2, sometimes seen only by transparency from the underside; tail black tipped with white. Underside: brown, hoary, brownish or pale dull brown. Forewing: a subbasal pair of transverse white strigae, a shorter pair along the discocellulars and a discal pair; these strigae all narrowly edged on the inner sides of each pair with fuscous which gives the appearance of transverse bands somewhat darker than the ground colour; the subbasal pair extend from vein 1 to vein 12, the discocellular pair from upper to lower apex of cell and the discal pair are very irregular and dislocated at each vein, the whole having the appearance of a dark sinuous band; terminal markings often very faint and ill defined or again fairly prominent and consisting of a double subterminal series of transversely linear, sometimes lunular, dark spots, with edgings paler than the ground colour; lastly, an anteciliary dark line. Hindwing: with transverse pairs of white, inwardly fuscous-edged strigae similar to those on the forewing, but even more irregular and broken; the subbasal pair extended from costa to vein 1, below which the dorsal area is whitish, the discocellular pair extend from the costa and posteriorly coalesce with the discal pair which are as irregular and dislocated as in the forewing; terminal markings similar to those on the forewing, but the double subterminal series of dark spots more lunular and a prominent round black subterminal spot crowned with ochraceous in interspace 2. Antenna, head, thorax and abdomen dark brown; the shafts of the antennae speckled with white; beneath: the palpi fringed with black, thorax dark greyish brown, abdomen white.[4][1]

Lycaenid unid wyn.jpg

Female upperside: brownish purple, sometimes fuscous. Forewings and hindwings: as in the male with anteciliary dark lines, but differ as follows: Forewing: an iridescent bluish sheen from base outwards to disc; hindwing; a slender more or less prominent white line edging the anteciliary black line on the inner side, a sub terminal geminate (paired) double black spot in interspace 1 and a similar larger single spot in interspace 2. Underside: ground colour paler and brighter than in the male, the markings similar but more neatly and generally more clearly defined; both forewings and hindwings in most of the specimens have a white terminal line before the anteciliary dark line. Antennae, head, thorax and abdomen much as in the male.[4]

Distribution

Peninsular India from the outer Himalayas to Travancore, avoiding the desert tracts; Sri Lanka; Assam; Myanmar; Cambodia; Tenasserim; the Andamans and Nicobars; extending into the Malayan subregion and to the Philippines.[4][2][3]

See also

Wikispecies has information related to Prosotas nora.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Prosotas nora.

Cited references

  1. ^ a b Public Domain One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Swinhoe, Charles (1910–1911). Lepidoptera Indica: Volume VIII. London: Lovell Reeve and Co. pp. 82–84.
  2. ^ a b c R. K., Varshney; Smetacek, Peter (2015). A Synoptic Catalogue of the Butterflies of India. New Delhi: Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal & Indinov Publishing, New Delhi. p. 129. doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.3966.2164. ISBN 978-81-929826-4-9.
  3. ^ a b Savela, Markku (November 29, 2018). "Prosotas nora (Felder, 1860)". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved January 10, 2020.
  4. ^ a b c Public Domain One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Bingham, C. T. (1907). The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma: Butterflies Volume II. London: Taylor and Francis, Ltd. pp. 391–393.

References

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Prosotas nora: Brief Summary ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من wikipedia EN
In Bangalore, India

Prosotas nora, the common lineblue, is a species of lycaenid butterfly found in Asia to Australia. The species was first described by Rudolf Felder in 1860.

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Prosotas nora ( البلجيكية الهولندية )

المقدمة من wikipedia NL

Insecten

Prosotas nora is een vlinder uit de familie van de Lycaenidae.[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1860 door Felder.

Ondersoorten

  • Prosotas nora nora
  • Prosotas nora ardates (Moore, 1875)
  • Prosotas nora auletes (Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914)
  • Prosotas nora caliginosa Druce, 1891
  • Prosotas nora dilata (Evans, 1932)
  • Prosotas nora formosana (Fruhstorfer, 1916)
  • Prosotas nora fulva (Evans, 1925)
  • Prosotas nora kupu (Kheil, 1884)
  • Prosotas nora meraha Fruhstorfer, 1916
  • Prosotas nora semperi (Fruhstorfer, 1916)
  • Prosotas nora superdates (Fruhstorfer, 1916)
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
Geplaatst op:
01-04-2013
Dit artikel is een beginnetje over biologie. U wordt uitgenodigd om op bewerken te klikken om uw kennis aan dit artikel toe te voegen. Beginnetje
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Prosotas nora: Brief Summary ( البلجيكية الهولندية )

المقدمة من wikipedia NL

Prosotas nora is een vlinder uit de familie van de Lycaenidae. De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1860 door Felder.

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娜拉波灰蝶 ( الصينية )

المقدمة من wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Prosotas nora
(Felder, 1860) 亞種

共11個亞種,詳閱正文。

娜拉波灰蝶(學名:Prosotas nora,英文:Common Lineblue),台灣又名波灰蝶,是屬於眼灰蝶亞科眼灰蝶族的一種蝴蝶,是波灰蝶屬的一種。分佈於印度東南亞至南太平洋廣大地區一帶,模式產地為印尼安汶島[1]。幼蟲的寄主為豆科金合歡屬(如藤相思樹)、含羞草屬猴耳環屬和無患子科異木患屬植物[2][3]

形態

翅膀褐色。尾突細,呈黑色,末端白色。雄蝶翅面無紋,微呈紫色,兩翅基部及後角附近散佈暗色鱗片;雌蝶前翅中室下半部份及下側有部份個體出現藍色斑,後翅外緣黑色,Cu2室黑斑明顯。翅底灰褐色,各橫線斑褐色,兩側圍淡灰白線,雄蝶前翅亞緣斑列及後翅緣斑明顯,後角黑斑底邊鑲銀藍弓日戈邊及鐘形橙色邊環[4]

亞種

  • P. n. nora
- 指名亞種,分佈於印尼阿魯群島卡伊群島安汶島斯蘭島新畿內亞島斯里蘭卡印度南部至緬甸泰國老撾越南[5]
  • P. n. ardates (Moore, [1875])
- 分佈於斯里蘭卡、印度及中國雲南[6]
  • P. n. auletes (Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914)
- 分佈於巴布亞新畿內亞托雷斯海峽群島、澳洲約克角半島高原區政府一帶[7]
  • P. n. caliginosa H. H. Druce, 1891
- 又名波灰蝶,分佈於巴布亞新畿內亞弗格森島馬萊塔島菲律賓蘇祿省(Alu)[8]
  • P. n. dilata (Evans, 1932)
- 分佈於尼科巴群島[9]
  • P. n. formosana (Fruhstorfer, 1916)
- 台灣亞種,分佈於廣西台灣[10]
  • P. n. fulva (Evans, 1925)
- 分佈於安達曼-尼科巴群島[11]
  • P. n. kupu (Kheil, 1884)
- 分佈於印尼尼亞斯島[12]
  • P. n. meraba (Fruhstorfer, 1916)
- 分佈於恩加諾島英语Enggano Island[10]
  • P. n. semperi (Fruhstorfer, 1916)
- 分佈於菲律賓[10]
  • P. n. superdates (Fruhstorfer, 1916)
- 分佈於大巽他群島小巽他群島泰國中南半島新加坡婆羅洲蘇門答臘爪哇島峇里島龍目島松巴哇島松巴島弗洛勒斯島巴拉望島[10]

腳註

  1. ^ Felder, 1860. Lepidopterorum Amboienensium species novae diagnosibus Sber. Akad. Wiss. Wien 40 (11): 458
  2. ^ Wynter-Blyth, 1957. Butterflies of the Indian Region (1982 Reprint)
  3. ^ Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003. The butterflies of Sulawesi: annotated checklist for a critical island faunda Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 145
  4. ^ Chou, 1994. Monografia Rhopalocerorum Sinensium 2: 671
  5. ^ Tite, 1963. A Synonymic List of the Genus Nacaduba and allied Genera Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. 13 (4) : 92
  6. ^ Moore, [1875]. Descriptions of new Asiatic Lepidoptera Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1874 (4) : 574, pl. 67, f. 1
  7. ^ Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914. The Butterflies of Australia, a Monograph of the Australian Rhopalocera, introducing ... Butts Australia : 98, f. 353-355
  8. ^ Druce, 1891. On the Lycaenidae of the Solomon Islands Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1891 (3) : 366, pl. 31, f. 15
  9. ^ Evans, 1932. The Identification of Indian Butterflies (edn. 2) Indian Butterflies (edn. 2): 243
  10. ^ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Fruhstorfer, 1916. Revision der Gattung Nacaduba auf Grund der Morphologie der Generationsorgane Zool. Meded. 2 (14) : 116-117
  11. ^ Evans, [1925]. The identification of Indian Butterflies (5-8) J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 30 (3): 613
  12. ^ Kheil, 1884. Zur Fauna des Indo-Malayischen Archipels. Die Rhoplalocera der Insel Nias Rhopalocera Ins. Nias : 29, pl. 5, f. 34

參考文獻

  • Smart, 1976. The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Butterfly World Illust. Encyp. Butt. World
  • Lewis, 1974. Butterflies of the World: pl. 139, f. 6
  • 寿建新 周尧 李宇飞. 世界蝴蝶分類名錄. 中國: 陝西科學技術出版社. 2006-04-01. ISBN 9787536936768 (中文(简体)‎).
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娜拉波灰蝶: Brief Summary ( الصينية )

المقدمة من wikipedia 中文维基百科

娜拉波灰蝶(學名:Prosotas nora,英文:Common Lineblue),台灣又名波灰蝶,是屬於眼灰蝶亞科眼灰蝶族的一種蝴蝶,是波灰蝶屬的一種。分佈於印度東南亞至南太平洋廣大地區一帶,模式產地為印尼安汶島。幼蟲的寄主為豆科金合歡屬(如藤相思樹)、含羞草屬猴耳環屬和無患子科異木患屬植物。

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