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Rubus strigosus Michx. FL Bor. Am. 1: 297. 1803
Rubus pennsylv aniens Poir. in L,am. Kncyc. 6: 246. 1804.
Rubus idaeus Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 346. 1814. Not R. idaeus L. 1753.
Rubus idaeus strigosus Maxim. Bull. Acad. St. Petersb. 17: 161. 1872.
? Rubus borealis Spach; Focke, Abh. Nat. Ver. Bremen 4: 147. 1874.
Batidaea strigosa Greene, Leaflets 1: 238. 1906.
Batidaea heterodoxa Greene, leaflets 1: 239. 1906.
? Batidaea amplissima Greene, Leaflets 1: 239. 1906.
Batidaea elegantula Greene, Leaflets 1: 239. 1906.
Rubus idaeus aculeatissimus Rob. & Fern. Man. 486. 1908. Not R. idaeus aculeatissimus Regel
& Tiling. 1858. ? Rubus idaeus borealis Spach; Focke, Bibl. Bot. 17 72 : 209. 1911.
Stems biennial, usually brownish or reddish, sometimes glaucous, more or less bristly, but not villous or tomentose; leaves of the turions pinnately 3-5-foliolate; petioles and rachis often bristly, sparingly if at all glandular; petioles 4-7 cm. long; stipules linear-subulate; terminal leaflet broadly ovate, sometimes 3-lobed, double-serrate with ovate teeth, usually abruptly acuminate at the apex, rounded or cordate at the base, dark-green and sparingly short-hairy above, soon glabrate, usually densely white-tomentose beneath, 5-10 cm. long; lateral veins 10-15 on each side; petiolule 3 cm. long or less; lateral leaflets obliquely ovate, rounded at the base, otherwise similar; leaves of the floral branches 3-foliolate, rarely 5-foliolate, similar, but the leaflets smaller and usually narrower; inflorescence racemose or corymbiform, terminal or also in the upper axils, often drooping; peduncles and pedicels bristly and more or less glandular-hispid, but not tomentose; sepals glandular and hispid, only slightly tomentose without, white-tomentose within, lanceolate, long-acuminate, 6-7 mm. long, in fruit spreading; petals white, elliptic, erect, 5-6 mm. long; fruit hemispheric or nearly so, about 1 cm. broad, light-red, sweet or slightly acid; drupelets numerous, tomentose; putamen reticulate but not keeled on the back.
Type locality: Mountains of Pennsylvania.
Distribution: Newfoundland to Virginia, Nebraska, and North Dakota.

Rubus carolinianus Rydberg, sp. no v
Rubus strigosus Small, Fl. SE. U. S. 516, in part. 1903. Not R. strigosus Michx. 1803.
Stems biennial, 2-3 m. high, erect, densely bristly and hispid, most of the bristles tipped with small glands; leaves of the turions 3-7-foliolate, mostly 5-foliolate; stipules setaceous; petioles, rachis, and midveins copiously glandular-hispid and bristly; terminal leaflet ovate or ovate-lanceolate, double-serrate, long-acuminate at the apex, 5-8 cm. long, rounded or acute at the base, glabrate above, densely white-tomentose beneath; lateral veins 8-10 on each side; lateral leaflets similar but narrower, sessile; leaves of the floral branches mostly 3-foliolate, more incised with lanceolate teeth; inflorescence corymbiform, terminal, with a few flowers in the upper leaf-axils; peduncle, pedicels, hypanthium, and calyx densely glandular-bristly; sepals ovate, more than 1 cm. long, caudate-acuminate, the slender tip from half to fully as long as the sepal proper; petals elliptic, erect, about 5 mm. long; fruit red, hemispheric; drupelets many, pubescent.
Type collected on Andrews Bald, Swain County, North Carolina, July 25, 1891, Beardslee & Kofoid (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.).
Distribution: Mountains of North Carolina.

Rubus arizonicus (Greene) Rydberg
Batidaea arizonica Greene, Leaflets 1: 243. 1906.
Stems biennial, 3-10 dm. high, finely puberulent or the second year sometimes glabrate, more or less densely bristly, but rarely glandular, usually yellowish, rarely glaucous; leaves of the turions pinnately 5-7-foliolate; stipules setaceous; petioles, rachis, and midveins more or less bristly as well as densely puberulent; leaflets more or less distinctly double-serrate, with lanceolate sharp teeth, abruptly short-acuminate at the apex, acute or rounded at the base, green and glabrous or nearly so above, coarsely and densely white-tomentose beneath, the terminal one ovate or rhombic-ovate, 3-6 cm. long, with a petiolule 2 cm. long or less; lateral leaflets sessile and more lanceolate; leaves of the floral branches 3-5-foliolate; leaflets similar to those of the turions, but smaller and broader; flowers in small, mostly terminal corymbs; peduncles, pedicels, and hypanthium bristly and glandular-hispid as well as puberulent; sepals broadly ovate, abruptly caudate-acuminate, 6-7 mm. long, in fruit spreading; petals white, elliptic, shorter than the sepals; fruit red, 10-12 mm. broad, hemispheric; drupelets rather large and few, tomentulose.
Type locality: San Francisco Mountains, Arizona.
Distribution: Mountains of Arizona, New Mexico, and northern Chihuahua.