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صورة Rigidoporus microporus (Sw.) Overeem 1924
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Rigidoporus microporus (Sw.) Overeem 1924

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Comprehensive Description ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من North American Flora
Coriolus limitatus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill
Trametes limiiata Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1 : 66. 1872.
Pileus thin, coriaceous, slightly flexible, applanate, dimidiate to suborbicular, sessile, 2 X 2.5-3 X 0.1-0.2 cm.; surface finely tomentose, indistinctly zoned, uniformly duU-isabelline in dried specimens, smooth or very slightly rugose ; margin acute, entire, sterile for about 2 mm. : context thin, fibrous, very firm, but flexible, 0.5 mm. thick; tubes short, 1 mm. long, tinted with pale-latericeous within, mouths minute, regular, angular, edges very thin, entire to slightly dentate, white, tinged with flesh color : spores not examined.
Type locality : New Mexico.
Habitat: Decayed wood.
Distribution : Known only from the type locality.
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الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
William Alphonso MurrilI, Gertrude Simmons BurIingham, Leigh H Pennington, John Hendly Barnhart. 1907-1916. (AGARICALES); POLYPORACEAE-AGARICACEAE. North American flora. vol 9. New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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North American Flora

Comprehensive Description ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من North American Flora
Coriolus hondurensis Murrill, sp. nov
Pileus very thin, slightly flexible, conchate-reniform, sessile, 7X9X0.2-0.3 cm. ; surface radiate-rugose, glabrous, subshining, white to pale-cinereous, with a few very narrow, sHghtlj^ darker, concentric lines ; margin thin, white, lobed, inflexed on drying : context very thin, white, fibrous, less than 1 mm. thick ; tubes 2-3 mm. long, slender, white to pale-isabelline within, mouths minute, angular, regular, glistening, 7-8 to a mm., edges thin, dentate, white to dark-isabelline, fulvous in dried specimens : spores smooth,
hyaline.
Type collected near Punta Gorda, British Honduras, on dead wood, 1906, Morton E. Peck. Distribution : Known only from the type locality.
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الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
William Alphonso MurrilI, Gertrude Simmons BurIingham, Leigh H Pennington, John Hendly Barnhart. 1907-1916. (AGARICALES); POLYPORACEAE-AGARICACEAE. North American flora. vol 9. New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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North American Flora

Comprehensive Description ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من North American Flora
Fomes auberianus (Mont.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey
Club 32: 491. 1905.
Polyporus Auberianus Mont. PI. Cell. Cuba 397. 1842.
Pileus woody, conchate to pulverulent, 4-10 X 7-15 X 1-2 cm. ; surface glabrous, rugose, radiate-striate, zonate, isabelline to light-fulvous ; margin thin, but usually obtuse, pallid, turning bay when bruised, ungulate to lobed, deflexed : context corky to woody, almostwhite, 0.5-1.5 cm. thick; tubes distinctly stratose, 3-7 mm. long each season, fulvous within, mouths circular to angular, minute, 6-7 to a mm., edges thin, entire, light-bay, darker when bruised, subglistening : spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 3/^; hyphae hyaline, 6/^ ; cystidia none.
Type locality : Cuba, on dead trunks.
Habitat : Dead or wounded trunks of hardwood trees.
Distribution : Tropical America.
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الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
William Alphonso MurrilI, Gertrude Simmons BurIingham, Leigh H Pennington, John Hendly Barnhart. 1907-1916. (AGARICALES); POLYPORACEAE-AGARICACEAE. North American flora. vol 9. New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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North American Flora

Comprehensive Description ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من North American Flora
Rigidoporus evolutus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill
Polyporus evolutus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10 : 308. 1868.
Pileus fleshy-tough, rigid when dry, circular, fixed at the center, 1-2.5 cm, broad, 1-2 mm. thick; surface multizonate, radiate-rugose, tomentoseto resinous-glabrous, laterice6us, with ochraceous blotches, black behind ; margin thin, acute, undulate to slightly lobed, ochraceous: context very thin, pallid, fibrous; tubes pallid, 1-1,5 mm. long, mouths minute, 7 to a mm., subcircular , edges white to yellowish-discolored, thin, dentate: spores
not examined.
Type locality : Cuba.
Habitat : Dead trees.
Distribution : Known only from the type locality.
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الاقتباس الببليوغرافي
William Alphonso MurrilI, Gertrude Simmons BurIingham, Leigh H Pennington, John Hendly Barnhart. 1907-1916. (AGARICALES); POLYPORACEAE-AGARICACEAE. North American flora. vol 9. New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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North American Flora

Rigidoporus microporus ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من wikipedia EN

Rigidoporus microporus is a plant pathogen, known to cause white root rot disease on various tropical crops, such as cacao, cassava, tea, with economical importance on the para rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis).

White root rot of rubber

Rigidoporus lignosus (klotzsch) Imazeki, the causal agent of white root rot, was first reported on rubber in 1904 from Botanical Gardens, Singapore.[1] It belongs to the order Basidiomycete, and in the family Polyporaceae. The disease originates on roots and later spreads to collar region. Foliar symptoms are initiated subsequently with the destruction of the root system.[2] Its above ground symptoms indicates that the trees are mostly beyond treatment and recovery, as rapid progress of infection makes death imminent.[3] This disease caused significant mortality to tree irrespective of age or health status, causing economic losses to the latex industry in many countries.[4][5][6][7] It is the most destructive root disease in rubber plantations in Sri Lanka and many other rubber growing countries. White root rot has now become the most threatening root disease of the rubber tree in both Asian and African continents, which supply 98% of the natural rubber to the world market. In Indonesia alone, the affected area is more than 80,000 ha. As a whole 5–10% of the cultivated lands are in bare patches due to this deadly disease. International Rubber Research and Development Board survey indicates that this disease is described as "severe" in Côte d'Ivoire, Nigeria and Sri Lanka, and as a significant, endemic problem in Gabon, Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. The causative agent (Rigidoporus lignosus) persists on dead or live root debris for a long time, while causing new infections on healthy plants. This fungus has a wide host range (more than 100 woody species in the Ivory Coast have been recorded as being susceptible) and causes the greatest losses in plantations of H. brasiliensis and, to a lesser extent, of teak (Tectona grandis L.).[8]

The fungus forms many white, somewhat flattened mycelia strands 1–2 mm thick that grow on and adhere strongly to the surface of the root bark. These rhizomorphs grow rapidly and may extend several meters through the soil in the absence of any woody substrate. Thus, healthy rubber trees can be infected by free rhizomorphs growing from stumps or infected woody debris buried in the ground as well as by roots contacting those of a diseased neighboring tree. Internal progression of the fungus in root tissues lags well behind the front of epiphytic growth of the mycelium on the root. In this respect, the mode of development of R. lignosus is characteristic of an ectotrophic growth habit. After rhizomorphs infect the roots, the fungus preferentially penetrates the taproot, deep in the soil. First, however, the rhizomorphs must change morphogenetically into infectious hyphae, characterized by degrading extracellular enzymes able to decay the wood.[9] This mechanism is strictly regulated by conditions of partial anoxia in the soil, at a depth determined by whether the texture is sandy or clayey.

Wood colonization inside the taproot spreads up to the collar and to other portions of the root system. A controlled and effective method for artificially infecting young Hevea plants has been developed by reproducing the conditions of soil anoxia in the greenhouse.[10] In contrast with the pale pinkish – yellow colour of healthy root tissues, freshly colonized wood tissues are brownish red. This coloration fades along a gradient from the progression front of the parasite toward the tissues colonized earlier, where the wood is particularly friable. R. lignosus causes a white rot of the wood characterized by degradation of lignin in the cell walls. The orange-yellow sporophores form mainly during the rainy season at the base of trees heavily attacked by the fungus. The bracket form is most common, but a resupinate form also exists. These sporophores produce a large number of basidiospores, even during the dry season, but seem to have a limited role in disseminating the disease. This has been one of the most controversial points in the biology of R. lignosus since the beginning of this century.[11][12] The spores are viable, but there is agreement now that the probability of a spore germinating in situ on a receptive substrate is extremely low.[13] In Hevea plantations established immediately after a forest is cleared, mycelia filaments of R. lignosus cause infection (Pichel, 1956). In second plantings, however, spores can constitute inoculum for infecting the stump surfaces of old rubber trees remaining between the planting rows.

References

  1. ^ Ridley, H.N. 1904. White root disease. Agricultural Bulletin of the Straits and Federated Malay States Vol. 3: 173.
  2. ^ Jayasinghe, C. K. (2000). Corynespora leaf full of rubber in Sri Lanka. Diversity of the Pathogen and Pathogenesis International Rubber Research & Development Board Corynespora leaf fall disease workshop in Kuala Lumpur and Medan from 6 to 14 June 2000.
  3. ^ Ismail, H. and Azaldine, M. Y. (1985). Interaction of sulphur with soil PH and root diseases of rubber. Journal of Rubber Research Institute Malaysia. 33:59-69.
  4. ^ Nandris, D.; Nicole, M. and Geiger, J.P (1987). Root rot disease of rubber. Plant Disease. 71, 298–306.
  5. ^ Liyanage, A. De S. (1997). Rubber. In: Hillocks, R.J. and Walter, J.M., ed., Soil borne diseases of tropical crops. Wallingford, UK, CAB International, 331–347.
  6. ^ Semangun, H. 2000. Diseases of plantation crops in Indonesia. Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Gadjah Mada University Press.
  7. ^ Guyot, J. and Flori, A. (2002). Comparative study for detecting Rigidoporus lignosus on rubber trees. Crop Protection, 21, 461–466.
  8. ^ Jayasuriya, K. E. and Thennakoonm, B. I. (2007). Biological control of Rigidoporus microporus, the cause of white root disease in rubber. Cey. J. Sci. (Bio. Sci.). 36 (1): 9–16.
  9. ^ Boisson, C. (1972). Etude de la formation du rhizomorphe du Leptoporus lignosus (Kl.) Heim: Le déterminisme de l’agrégation des filaments en palmettes. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Ser. D 274:2481-2484.
  10. ^ Nandris, D.; Nicole, M. and Geiger, J. P. (1983). Inoculations of young plants of Hevea brasiliensis by Rigidoporus lignosus and Phellinus noxius. Eur. J. For. Pathol. 13:65-76.
  11. ^ Alston, R. A. (1953). Annual reports, 1949-1951, Pathological Division, Rubber Research Institute of Malaya.
  12. ^ Pichel, R. J. (1956). Les pourridiés de l’Hévéa dans le cuvette congolaise. INEAC Ser. Tech. 49.480 pp.
  13. ^ John, K. P. (1965). Some observations on spore infection of Hevea stumps by Fomes lignosus (Kl.) Bres. J. Rubber Res. Inst. Malaya. 19:17-21.
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Rigidoporus microporus: Brief Summary ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من wikipedia EN

Rigidoporus microporus is a plant pathogen, known to cause white root rot disease on various tropical crops, such as cacao, cassava, tea, with economical importance on the para rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis).

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Rigidoporus microporus ( Szl )

المقدمة من wikipedia SZL

Rigidoporus microporus je grzib[48], co go nojprzōd ôpisoł Olof Swartz a terŏźnõ nazwã doł mu Casper van Overeem 1924.

Rigidoporus microporus nŏleży do zorty Rigidoporus i familije Meripilaceae.[49][50]Żŏdne podgatōnki niy sōm wymianowane we Catalogue of Life.[49]

Przipisy

  1. ↑ sensu Massee; fide NZfungi (2008) CABI databases. [dostymp 24 stycznia 2013].
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 sensu Cunningham; fide Buchanan & Ryvarden (2000) CABI databases. [dostymp 24 stycznia 2013].
  3. ↑ Roy, A.; De, A.B. (1998) Taxonomy of Oxyporus lignosus comb. nov., In: Mycotaxon 67:405–411
  4. ↑ Rajchenberg, Mario (1992) Notas de Polyporaceae de Nueva Zelanda. 1. Acerca de Tyromyces catervatus y Poria hyalina, In: Boln Soc. argent. Bot. 28(1–4):165–168
  5. ↑ Corner, E.J.H. (1989) Ad Polyporaceas VI. The genus Trametes, In: Beih. Nova Hedwigia 97:197 pp. + 8 pl.
  6. ↑ Ryvarden (1972), In: Norw. Jl Bot. 19:231
  7. ↑ Kreisel (1971), In: Monografias, Ciencias, Univ. Habana, Ser. 4 16:83
  8. ↑ Imazeki (1952), In: Bull. Govt Forest Exp. Stn Meguro 57:118
  9. ↑ R. Heim (1934), In: Annals Cryptog. Exot. 7:22
  10. ↑ 10,0 10,1 Sacc. & Trotter (1925), In: Syll. fung. (Abellini) 23:372
  11. ↑ Lloyd (1922), In: Mycol. Writ. 7:1109
  12. ↑ 12,0 12,1 Pat. (1915), In: Philipp. J. Sci., C, Bot. 10:91
  13. ↑ 13,0 13,1 CABI databases. [dostymp 24 stycznia 2013].
  14. ↑ Sacc. & Trotter (1912), In: Syll. fung. (Abellini) 21:315
  15. ↑ Murrill (1907), In: N. Amer. Fl. (New York) 9(1):20
  16. ↑ Murrill (1907), In: N. Amer. Fl. (New York) 9(1):22
  17. ↑ Murrill (1907), In: N. Amer. Fl. (New York) 9(1):45
  18. ↑ Murrill (1905), In: Bull. Torrey bot. Club 32(9):491
  19. ↑ Duss (1903), In: Enum. Champ. Guadeloupe (Lons–le–Saunier):27
  20. ↑ Duss (1903), In: Enum. Champ. Guadeloupe (Lons–le–Saunier):26
  21. ↑ 21,0 21,1 21,2 Pat. (1900), In: Essai Tax. Hyménomyc. (Lons–le–Saunier):103
  22. ↑ Pat. (1900), In: Essai Tax. Hyménomyc. (Lons–le–Saunier):85
  23. ↑ 23,0 23,1 23,2 Kuntze (1898), In: Revis. gen. pl. (Leipzig) 3(2):519
  24. ↑ Kuntze (1898), In: Revis. gen. pl. (Leipzig) 3(2):495
  25. ↑ 25,0 25,1 Kuntze (1898), In: Revis. gen. pl. (Leipzig) 3(2):497
  26. ↑ Kuntze (1898), In: Revis. gen. pl. (Leipzig) 3(2):518
  27. ↑ Cooke (1886), In: Grevillea 14(no. 71):84
  28. ↑ Cooke (1886), In: Grevillea 14(no. 71):82
  29. ↑ Cooke (1886), In: Grevillea 14(no. 71):80
  30. ↑ P.A. Saccardo (1885), In: Grevillea 14(no. 69):19
  31. ↑ 31,0 31,1 Cooke (1885), In: Grevillea 14(no. 69):21
  32. ↑ E.M. Fries (1885), In: Grevillea 14(no. 69):20
  33. ↑ Cooke (1881), In: Grevillea 9(no. 51):100
  34. ↑ Berk. & M.A. Curtis (1872), In: Grevillea 1(no. 5):66
  35. ↑ Berk. & M.A. Curtis (1868), In: J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 10(no. 45):308
  36. ↑ Berk. (1856), In: Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 8:198
  37. ↑ Berk. (1855), In: J. Bot., Lond.:179
  38. ↑ Berk. (1854), In: Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 6:143
  39. ↑ Mont. (1854), In: Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4 1:128
  40. ↑ Berk. (1847), In: J. Bot., Lond. 6:503
  41. ↑ Lév. (1846), In: Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3 5:138
  42. ↑ Mont. (1842), In: Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2 17:127
  43. ↑ Mont. (1835), In: Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2 3:350
  44. ↑ Klotzsch (1833), In: Linnaea 8:485
  45. ↑ E.M. Fries (1821), In: Syst. mycol. (Lundae) 1:376
  46. ↑ Sw. (1806), In: Fl. Ind. Occid. 3:1925
  47. ↑ sensu Hood, Sandberg & Kimberley; fide Buchanan & Ryvarden (2000) CABI databases. [dostymp 24 stycznia 2013].
  48. ↑ Overeem (1924), In: Icon. Fung. Malay. 5:1
  49. ↑ 49,0 49,1 Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.): Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2019 Annual Checklist.. Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands., 2019. [dostymp 24 września 2012].
  50. ↑ Species Fungorum. Kirk P.M., 2010-11-23
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Rigidoporus microporus: Brief Summary ( Szl )

المقدمة من wikipedia SZL

Rigidoporus microporus je grzib, co go nojprzōd ôpisoł Olof Swartz a terŏźnõ nazwã doł mu Casper van Overeem 1924.

Rigidoporus microporus nŏleży do zorty Rigidoporus i familije Meripilaceae.Żŏdne podgatōnki niy sōm wymianowane we Catalogue of Life.

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Rigidoporus microporus ( الروسية )

المقدمة من wikipedia русскую Википедию
Латинское название Rigidoporus microporus (Sw.) Overeem, 1924

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NCBI 219653

Rigidoporus microporus — гриб рода Rigidoporus, фитопатоген. Вызывает заболевание корней растений (гнилостное заболевание корней, или белое корневое гниение)[1] Повреждает тропические плантации, в особенности каучукового дерева, какао, чайные и фруктовые сады.[2]

Синонимы

Boletus microporus Sw., (1806)
Coriolus hondurensis Murrill, (1907)
Coriolus limitatus (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Murrill, (1907)
Fomes auberianus (Mont.) Murrill, (1905)
Fomes auriformis (Mont.) Sacc., (1885)
Fomes lignosus (Klotzsch) Bres., (1912)
Fomes microporus (Sw.) Fr., (1885)
Fomes semitostus (Berk.) Cooke, (1885)
Fomes sepiater (Cooke) Cooke, (1885)
Fomitopsis semitosta (Berk.) Ryvarden, (1972)
Leptoporus armatus Pat., (1915)
Leptoporus bakeri Pat., (1915)
Leptoporus concrescens (Mont.) Pat.,(1903)
Leptoporus contractus (Berk.) Pat., (1900)
Leptoporus evolutus (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Pat., (1903)
Leptoporus lignosus (Klotzsch) R. Heim, (1934)
Microporus concrescens (Mont.) Kuntze, (1898)
Microporus petalodes (Berk.) Kuntze, (1898)
Microporus unguiformis (Lév.) Kuntze, (1898)
Oxyporus auberianus (Mont.) Kreisel, (1971)
Oxyporus lignosus (Klotzsch) A. Roy & A.B. De, (1998)
Polyporus armatus (Pat.) Sacc. & Trotter, (1925)
Polyporus auberianus Mont., (1842)
Polyporus auriformis Mont., (1854)
Polyporus bakeri (Pat.) Sacc. & Trotter, (1925)
Polyporus concrescens Mont., (1835)
Polyporus contractus Berk., (1847)
Polyporus evolutus Berk. & M.A. Curtis, (1868)
Polyporus lignosus Klotzsch, (1833)
Polyporus microporus (Sw.) Fr., (1821)
Polyporus minutodurus Lloyd, (1922)
Polyporus petalodes Berk., (1856)
Polyporus phlebeius Berk., (1855)
Polyporus semitostus Berk., (1854)
Polyporus sepiater Cooke, (1881)
Polyporus unguiformis Lév., (1846)
Polystictus concrescens (Mont.) Cooke, (1886)
Polystictus hondurensis (Murrill) Sacc. & Trotter, (1912)
Polystictus petalodes (Berk.) Cooke, (1886)
Polystictus unguiformis (Lév.) Cooke, (1886)
Rigidoporus concrescens (Mont.) Rajchenb., (1992)
Rigidoporus evolutus (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Murrill, (1907)
Rigidoporus lignosus (Klotzsch) Imazeki, (1952)
Scindalma auriforme (Mont.) Kuntze, (1898)
Scindalma microporum (Sw.) Kuntze, (1898)
Scindalma semitostum (Berk.) Kuntze, (1898)
Scindalma sepiatrum (Cooke) Kuntze, (1898)
Trametes evolutus (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Murrill, (1907)
Trametes limitata Berk. & M.A. Curtis, (1872)
Trametes semitosta (Berk.) Corner, (1989)
Ungulina auberiana (Mont.) Pat., (1900)
Ungulina contracta (Berk.) Pat., (1900)
Ungulina semitosta (Berk.) Pat., (1900)

Примечания

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Rigidoporus microporus: Brief Summary ( الروسية )

المقدمة من wikipedia русскую Википедию

Rigidoporus microporus — гриб рода Rigidoporus, фитопатоген. Вызывает заболевание корней растений (гнилостное заболевание корней, или белое корневое гниение) Повреждает тропические плантации, в особенности каучукового дерева, какао, чайные и фруктовые сады.

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小孔硬孔菌 ( الصينية )

المقدمة من wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Rigidoporus microporus
(Fr.) Overeem.

小孔硬孔菌，屬多孔菌科一種，是木棲寄生的中小型菇類。該菇類生長於如台灣等地之低中海拔林區，生長期間約是在春夏兩季之間。

參考文獻

  • 周文能、張東柱，《野菇圖鑑》，2005年，台北，台灣館出版社
小作品圖示这是一篇與真菌類相關的小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。
title=
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小孔硬孔菌: Brief Summary ( الصينية )

المقدمة من wikipedia 中文维基百科

小孔硬孔菌，屬多孔菌科一種，是木棲寄生的中小型菇類。該菇類生長於如台灣等地之低中海拔林區，生長期間約是在春夏兩季之間。

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