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Vipera aspis atra ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من wikipedia EN

Common names: black asp, black viper.[2]

Vipera aspis atra is a venomous viper subspecies[3] endemic to France, Switzerland and Italy.[4]

Geographic range

It is found in western Switzerland, northwestern Italy, Spain, and southeastern France.[4] Mallow et al. (2003) describe the range only as "portions of Switzerland".[5]

Conservation status

This subspecies is classified as Vulnerable (VU) according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (v3.1, 2001).[6][7]

Taxonomy

A recent study by Ursenbacher et al. (2006) suggests that V. a. atra may not be a valid subspecies.[6]

References

  1. ^ McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
  2. ^ Mehrtens JM. 1987. Living Snakes of the World in Color. New York: Sterling Publishers. 480 pp. ISBN 0-8069-6460-X.
  3. ^ "Vipera aspis atra". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 15 August 2006.
  4. ^ a b Vipera aspis at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database
  5. ^ Mallow D, Ludwig D, Nilson G. 2003. True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Malabar, Florida: Krieger Publishing Company. 359 pp. ISBN 0-89464-877-2.
  6. ^ a b Vipera aspis at IUCN Red List. Accessed 6 October 2006.
  7. ^ 2001 Categories & Criteria (version 3.1)IUCN Red List. Accessed 6 October 2006.
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Vipera aspis atra: Brief Summary ( الإنجليزية )

المقدمة من wikipedia EN
Common names: black asp, black viper.

Vipera aspis atra is a venomous viper subspecies endemic to France, Switzerland and Italy.

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Vipera aspis atra ( الإيطالية )

المقدمة من wikipedia IT

La Vipera aspis atra è una sottospecie della Vipera aspis presente in Francia, Svizzera e Italia .

Geografia

Si trova nella Svizzera occidentale, nell'Italia nordoccidentale, in Spagna e nel sud - est della Francia.

Stato di conservazione

Questa sottospecie è classificata come vulnerabile (VU) secondo l'IUCN Red List delle specie minacciate (v3.1, 2001).[1][2]

Tassonomia

Un recente studio di Ursenbacher et al. (2006) suggerisce che V. a. atra potrebbe non essere una sottospecie valida.[1]

Note

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Vipera aspis atra: Brief Summary ( الإيطالية )

المقدمة من wikipedia IT

La Vipera aspis atra è una sottospecie della Vipera aspis presente in Francia, Svizzera e Italia .

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