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Easily confused with the house mouse. However, New Holland mice are slightly larger and heavier. Their fur is a dark grey color. The tail is 10-15% longer than the rest of the body with a dusky-grey color on top and white on the bottom. Feet are also white. New Holland mice have fairly large eyes.
Other Physical Features: endothermic ; bilateral symmetry
Lives in areas with soft, deep soil for burrowing. Mostly heathlands, sand dunes, open forest, and woodlands. Areas must contain a fair amount of vegetation to support their food needs.
Terrestrial Biomes: savanna or grassland ; forest
Only found in coastal south-eastern Australia. Wilson's Promontory, Providence Ponds, near Loch Sport, and Angelsea.
Biogeographic Regions: australian (Native )
Diet consists mostly of plant seeds from various species(particularly legumes). However, New Holland mice also eat leaves and flowers, fungi, and some invertebrates.
Listed as a threatened species in the Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988. Under threat initially due to habitat loss and alteration caused by clearing. More recently, inappropriate prescribed fire frequencies have created unsuitable habitat for New Holland mice. Introduced predators such as red fox, domestic cat, and domestic dog are important causes of mortality. Conservation efforts are being made by the Department of Natural Resources and Environment in Australia, Deakin University, and the Melbourne Zoo. Efforts include formation of a state-wide recovery team, habitat evaluation and protection, genetic research, and surveying/monitoring of populations.
US Federal List: endangered
CITES: no special status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: vulnerable
Perception Channels: tactile ; chemical
Most young are born between August and January, but sometimes breeding extends into Autumn. This breeding pattern is related to food abundance which fluctuates with rainfall patterns. Females in their first year of reproduction can produce one litter per season. Second year females can produce up to three or four litters. Litter size is generally one to six young, the average being 4.6 young. Births take place during the day in the mother's nest. The lactation period is three to four weeks. It takes thirteen weeks for females to reach sexual maturity, while it takes males twenty weeks. Females may mature earlier if population density is low.
Key Reproductive Features: gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual
Pseudomys novaehollandiae és una espècie de rosegador de la família dels múrids. És endèmic d'Austràlia, on viu a altituds d'entre 0 i 900 msnm. Es tracta d'un animal nocturn i omnívor. El seu hàbitat natural són les zones de successió vegetal primerenca a intermèdia després dels incendis. Està amenaçat per canvis en el règim d'incendis, la depredació per gats ferals i guineus, la destrucció i fragmentació del seu medi i el canvi climàtic.[1] El seu nom específic, novaehollandiae, significa 'de Nova Holanda' en llatí.[2]
Pseudomys novaehollandiae és una espècie de rosegador de la família dels múrids. És endèmic d'Austràlia, on viu a altituds d'entre 0 i 900 msnm. Es tracta d'un animal nocturn i omnívor. El seu hàbitat natural són les zones de successió vegetal primerenca a intermèdia després dels incendis. Està amenaçat per canvis en el règim d'incendis, la depredació per gats ferals i guineus, la destrucció i fragmentació del seu medi i el canvi climàtic. El seu nom específic, novaehollandiae, significa 'de Nova Holanda' en llatí.
The New Holland mouse (Pseudomys novaehollandiae) also known as a Pookila[2] is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It was first described by George Waterhouse in 1843. It vanished from view for over a century before its rediscovery in Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park north of Sydney in 1967. It is found only in south east Australia, within the states of New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, and Tasmania.[3]
The New Holland mouse has a grey-brown fur with a dusky-brown tail, which is darker on the dorsal side. Its body length is roughly 65-90mm, with a tail length of 80–105 mm (3.1–4.1 in), and a hind foot length of approximately 20–22 mm (0.79–0.87 in). The New Holland mouse's size has been shown to vary slightly depending on the environment. Populations of New Holland mice that live in Tasmania, have a slightly larger body weight than those that are from New South Wales and Victoria. Despite this, however, the head shape and length share the measurements as in Tasmania, New South Wales, and Victoria.[4]
It has also been noted that the New Holland mouse looks very similar to the common house mouse, which was introduced to the area by European settlers. It can be differentiated from the common house mouse however by its ears and eyes, which are slightly larger than the common house mouse. Also, the New Holland mouse lacks the presence of a notch on the upper incisors and a 'mousy' odor is absent.[4]
The New Holland mouse is a nocturnal species inhabiting environments such as woodlands, forests with a heathland understorey and vegetated sand dunes, and open heathlands. It is a social species. The mice live in burrows carved out by colonies in softer sands.[5]
The New Holland mouse has been shown to increase in prominence promptly after a wildfire or sand mining has occurred; usually two to three years afterwards. The species is most common during the early/mid portions of vegetation succession. In Tasmania however, they have been found in areas that contained vegetation as far as 16 years post fire.[6]
The New Holland is omnivorous. While active at night, it spends a majority of its time foraging for seeds above ground. Although seeds are the most prominent component of the New Holland mouse's diet, it also consumes leaves, fungi and small invertebrates.[7]
Studies observed that overall they consumed 27% dicotyledon leaf, 29% fungi, 17% invertebrates, and 14% seeds. There can be dietary differences depending on the local vegetation.[8]
Most New Holland mice are born between the months of August and January, and their breeding patterns are based on the amount of food obtained, which depends on rainfall. Litters are normally between one and six mice. During their first year of reproduction, females will normally produce only one litter a season, but during their second year they can produce up to three or four litters. Males reach sexual maturity at around twenty weeks, females mature at around thirteen weeks. Births occur in the mother's nest during the day.[7]
The New Holland mouse's geographic range consists of fragmented populations throughout Tasmania, Victoria, New South Wales, and Queensland. Based on genetic evidence, it is believed that the New Holland mouse existed in one large population on mainland Australia. Furthermore, based on the distribution of subfossils, it has been suggested that the species has experienced a dramatic contraction of its normal range since the region was settled by Europeans.[4]
The New Holland mouse is as of 2021 listed as a vulnerable species due to its population size (estimated at 8,000) and density, and their rates of decline.[1][9]
The first living animals were recorded in the state of Victoria in 1970 on the Mornington Peninsula.[10] The New Holland mouse has since been discovered in Victoria at a number of near coastal locations, mostly to the east of Melbourne, including Cranbourne, Langwarrin, Yanakie Isthmus, the south-western end of the Ninety Mile Beach and a number of sites near Loch Sport, Mullundung State Forest and Providence Ponds. A number of these populations are now thought to be extinct.[10]
One known population occurs to the west of Melbourne, in the eastern Otway Ranges near Anglesea. The Anglesea population, discovered in 1980, comprises a number of sub-populations which were intensively studied by Deakin University researchers throughout the 1980s and 1990s. Some of the Anglesea sub-populations became extinct after the 1983 Ash Wednesday bushfires.[11] Others have persisted until at least the mid-1990s.[12] The current status of the Angelsea sub-populations is uncertain, but they may be now locally extinct.
In October 2021, as part of a survey across north-eastern Tasmania on the mouse, an individual was detected on Flinders Island for the first time in 17 years on the island, and the first in 12 years in the state.[13]
The New Holland mouse has steadily been put in greater peril over time. There are many dangers that plague the Pseudomys novaehollandiae and pose a severe threat to its very existence. One such threat in direct relation to the habitat of the mouse is the fact that modifications of the land that these creatures inhabit are being made in the process of the developing the land for other beneficiary uses. The development of these lands are in no way for the benefit of the mice upon which they call home. In addition, the invasion of several types of weeds and fungus, harmful to the mice, have begun growing in the environment, in close proximity, to the habitats of the New Holland mice. The fungus, commonly referred to as "Cinnamon Fungus", emits a pathogen which alters the fauna and structure of the potential resources such as vegetables of which the mice rely on for food. Also, equally as dangerous to the existence of the mice is the inappropriate management of fire and the subsequent environmental constraints such events have on the ability for populations to access the necessary sustenance to survive and reproduce. As a result of such fires, habits may be left fragmented with no suitable patches of land capable of sustaining a suitable life for the mice. Another potential danger to this species of mice that has been identified regards the climate of the environments these particular mice inhabit. Many scientists have speculated on various climatic environmental processes in a given location and created detailed models to project the status of the species in the future. Current models display strong evidence towards an eventual decline of about 50% in population.
The most severe and pressing danger in regards to the existence of the New Holland mouse comes directly from the threat of predators in the environment. Predation is brought upon by the natural predators in the environment. Such predators include the red fox, cats, and dogs. These animals have been identified as the major predators due to the reported increase in populations of predators in areas where large populations of the New Holland mouse have been documented. In addition to the increase of predators, an increase in competition for resources in the environment has also been noted as a contributor to their decline. The competition is most frequently encountered between other species of rodents in the same habitat.
The New Holland mouse is primarily threatened by alteration and loss of suitable habitat. At first the loss of habitat was mainly caused by clearing, but now frequent fires and predation by the introduced red fox and cat are potential threats to this species. The species was regarded as rare when it was discovered in 1970, many of the areas that once supported the New Holland mouse now have small to non-existent populations of this species. The Scientific Advisory Committee determined that "(1). [The New Holland mouse] is in a demonstrable state of decline which is likely to result in extinction; and (2) very rare in terms of abundance or distribution".
The conservation objectives in relation to the New Holland mouse are as follows: "To prevent further decline in population and restore the existing distributional range of the species to its pre-European extent so that the New Holland mouse can survive, flourish and retain its potential for evolutionary development in the wild".
It is currently known that loss in successional vegetation is leading to the decline of the New Holland mice, but it is also possible loss of plant species diversity is also a factor. Populations that became extinct did so very rapidly, normally between one and three years, however, colonisation was also very quick, average of .9 to 2 years. This suggests that there are many suitable habitats that can house these mice. In 1990, after many studies of small mammals in Victoria were conducted, Deakin University received $10,000 from the National Estate Grants Program to review the populations and distributions of the New Holland mouse, and to identify the processes of habitat modification which threatens the species. This research found that there are multiple populations in different areas that have already become extinct, there are still mice in some areas that are considered uninhabitable and those populations are decreasing, and that a lot of heath has been burnt leading to the extinction of certain populations.
Long-term persistence of this species will probably require well-planned fire management regimes within its habitat, throughout its range. Prescribed burning is currently conducted for a variety of reasons, including protection of human life and property, and habitat management. Management for the New Holland mouse should be incorporated into appropriate FFMV fire protection plans. The New Holland mouse occurs in association with other native mammals, including the brown antechinus (Antechinus stuartii), white-footed dunnart (Sminthopsis leucopus), southern brown bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus), bush rat (Rattus fuscipes), swamp rat (Rattus lutreolus) and Eastern pygmy possum (Cercartetus nanus). Activities such as prescribed burning may not always benefit these species, nor the many other vertebrates, invertebrates, plants and other organisms present. Nevertheless, regimes could be formulated to adequately cater for some specific requirements, given that there is sufficient area of habitat. Small-scale mosaic burns should not endanger other vertebrate species at a local level, and may benefit native plants.
The 2021 survey and conservation assessment in north-eastern Tasmania, funded by the Commonwealth Government, will inform a national recovery plan for the mouse.[13]
The New Holland mouse is classified as vulnerable by the IUCN.[3] It is listed as a threatened (vulnerable) species on the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999,[20] and as threatened on the Victorian Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988. An Action Statement has also been prepared for the New Holland mouse under this Act.[21]
It is also listed as endangered in Victoria on the Department of Sustainability and Environment 2003 advisory list of threatened vertebrate fauna.[22]
The New Holland mouse (Pseudomys novaehollandiae) also known as a Pookila is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It was first described by George Waterhouse in 1843. It vanished from view for over a century before its rediscovery in Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park north of Sydney in 1967. It is found only in south east Australia, within the states of New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, and Tasmania.
Pseudomys novaehollandiae Pseudomys generoko animalia da. Karraskarien barruko Murinae azpifamilia eta Muridae familian sailkatuta dago.
Pseudomys novaehollandiae est une espèce qui fait partie des rongeurs de la famille des Muridés. C'est une espèce vulnérable.
Pseudomys novaehollandiae (Waterhouse, 1842) è un roditore della famiglia dei Muridi endemico dell'Australia[1][2]
Roditore di piccole dimensioni, con la lunghezza della testa e del corpo tra 65 e 90 mm, la lunghezza della coda tra 80 e 105 mm, la lunghezza del piede tra 20 e 22 mm, la lunghezza delle orecchie tra 15 e 18 mm e un peso fino a 25 g.[3]
Le parti superiori sono bruno-grigiastre, mentre le parti ventrali sono biancastre, con la base dei peli grigia. Le zampe sono bianche e sottili. La coda è più lunga della testa e del corpo. Il cariotipo è 2n=48 FN=55.
È una specie notturna e gregaria. Costruisce complessi sistemi di cunicoli, lunghi fino a diversi metri.
Si nutre di semi, steli d'erba, funghi ed artropodi.
La stagione riproduttiva va dalla primavera agli inizi dell'estate. Le femmine danno alla luce 1-6 piccoli fino a 4 volte durante il periodo riproduttivo. L'allattamento dura 3-4 settimane. Raggiungono la maturità sessuale dopo 13 settimane. I maschi invece dopo 20 settimane. L'aspettativa di vita è di 2 anni nelle femmine.
Questa specie è diffusa nello stato di Victoria meridionale, Nuovo Galles del Sud orientale, estremo Queensland meridionale, Tasmania nord-orientale e isola di Flinders.
Vive nelle brughiere secche e in habitat costieri fino a 900 metri di altitudine.
La IUCN Red List, considerato che il numero stimato di individui maturi è inferiore a 10.000, e in diminuzione nei prossimi 10 anni, classifica P.novaehollandiae come specie vulnerabile (VU).[1]
Pseudomys novaehollandiae (Waterhouse, 1842) è un roditore della famiglia dei Muridi endemico dell'Australia
Pseudomys novaehollandiae is een knaagdier uit het geslacht Pseudomys dat voorkomt in Australië. Zijn verspreidingsgebied beslaat een aantal geïsoleerde gebieden van Zuidoost-Queensland tot Victoria en Noord-Tasmanië. Daar leeft hij in droge bossen.
De rug is grijsbruin, de onderkant lichtgrijs, met een scherpe scheiding. De lange staart is van boven lichtbruin en van onder wit. De punt is wat donkerder. De voeten zijn wit. De kop-romplengte bedraagt 65 tot 90 mm, de staartlengte 80 tot 105 mm, de achtervoetlengte 20 tot 22 mm, de oorlengte 15 tot 18 mm en het gewicht 15 tot 25 gram. Vrouwtjes hebben 0+2=4 mammae.
De soort is 's nachts actief en leeft in holen, die vaak verschillende meters lang zijn. Hij eet zaden, wortels, schimmels en geleedpotigen. Tijdens de lente en het begin van de zomer kunnen verschillende nesten van twee tot zes jongen worden grootgebracht.
Pseudomys novaehollandiae is een knaagdier uit het geslacht Pseudomys dat voorkomt in Australië. Zijn verspreidingsgebied beslaat een aantal geïsoleerde gebieden van Zuidoost-Queensland tot Victoria en Noord-Tasmanië. Daar leeft hij in droge bossen.
De rug is grijsbruin, de onderkant lichtgrijs, met een scherpe scheiding. De lange staart is van boven lichtbruin en van onder wit. De punt is wat donkerder. De voeten zijn wit. De kop-romplengte bedraagt 65 tot 90 mm, de staartlengte 80 tot 105 mm, de achtervoetlengte 20 tot 22 mm, de oorlengte 15 tot 18 mm en het gewicht 15 tot 25 gram. Vrouwtjes hebben 0+2=4 mammae.
De soort is 's nachts actief en leeft in holen, die vaak verschillende meters lang zijn. Hij eet zaden, wortels, schimmels en geleedpotigen. Tijdens de lente en het begin van de zomer kunnen verschillende nesten van twee tot zes jongen worden grootgebracht.
Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons Pseudomysz malutka[3] (Pseudomys novaehollandiae) – gatunek gryzonia z rodziny myszowatych, występujący w południowo-wschodniej części Australii i na Tasmanii[2][4].
Gatunek ten został opisany naukowo w 1843 roku[2][4] przez G.R. Waterhouse’a jako Mus Novæ-Hollandiæ (od Nowej Holandii, historycznej nazwy Australii)[5]. Miejsce typowe to Yarrundi nad górnym biegiem rzeki Hunter w Nowej Południowej Walii[4][5]. Nie wyróżnia się podgatunków. Różnice genetyczne dzielące pseudomysz malutką i pseudomysz delikatną (Pseudomys delicatulus) są na tyle małe, że pierwsza może być podgatunkiem pseudomyszy delikatnej[2]. Innym blisko spokrewnionym gatunkiem jest pseudomysz pośrednia (Pseudomys pilligaensis)[4].
W wydanej w 2015 roku przez Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii Polskiej Akademii Nauk publikacji „Polskie nazewnictwo ssaków świata” gatunkowi nadano nazwę pseudomysz malutka[3]. W Australii zwierzę nosi angielską nazwę New Holland mouse, oraz aborygeńską nazwę Pookila[6].
Pseudomysz malutka jest australijskim endemitem. Ma nieciągły zasięg występowania, została stwierdzona w Tasmanii, Wiktorii, Nowej Południowej Walii i Queenslandzie. Obecnie większość populacji skupia się wzdłuż wybrzeży środkowej i południowej Nowej Południowej Walii, w głębi lądu występuje tylko w okolicy Parkes. Historycznie znanych było 11 metapopulacji, w 2006 istniało ich 6–8. Badania genetyczne dowodzą, że gryzonie z kontynentu tworzyły w przeszłości jedną populację, a szczątki subfosylne wskazują, że zasięg gatunku znacznie zmalał po zasiedleniu Australii przez Europejczyków[6].
Gryzoń ten występuje na wybrzeżach i do 100 km w głąb lądu, od poziomu morza do około 900 m n.p.m. Preferuje gleby o grubej warstwie wierzchniej i miękkim podłożu, sprzyjające kopaniu nor, takie jak krzemionkowe gleby bielicowe, gliny piaszczyste, piaski gliniaste i wydmy. Na wybór miejsca mogą wpływać także inne czynniki, jak nachylenie czy nasłonecznienie. Pseudomysz malutka zamieszkuje wrzosowiska, otwarte tereny lesiste i porośnięte wydmy piaszczyste. Ze względu na dietę gryzonia, miejsca występowania cechuje zwykle duża różnorodność flory, szczególnie bylin strączkowych[6].
Jest to niewielki gryzoń, łatwo mylony z obcą, inwazyjną myszą domową (Mus musculus)[7]. Pseudomysz malutka jest od niej nieco większa i cięższa[7], ma też większe oczy[6]. Jest podobnie ubarwiona do europejskiej myszarki zaroślowej[5]. Jej futro jest ciemnoszare z wierzchu[7] a jaśniejsze od spodu, z białymi końcami; włosy są dość długie i bardzo miękkie[5]. Ogon jest o 10–15% dłuższy niż reszta ciała, ciemnoszary z wierzchu i biały od spodu. Stopy także są białe[7].
Pseudomysz malutka prowadzi naziemny, nocny tryb życia. Kopie głębokie nory w piasku i miękkich glebach[7]. Jest to zwierzę społeczne, dzielące norę z innymi osobnikami. Nory prawdopodobnie służą też za schronienie podczas pożarów buszu. Podejrzewa się, że umożliwia to tym ssakom osiągnąć szczyt liczebności w 3–5 lat po pożarze, na wczesnym lub pośrednim stadium odradzania się szaty roślinnej[6]. Pożary mogą mieć korzystny wpływ na te zwierzęta, poprzez wymuszanie sukcesji roślinności. W Parku Narodowym Mount William na Tasmanii proponowano nawet wypalanie fragmentów buszu, dla podtrzymania tamtejszej populacji pseudomyszy malutkiej, jeśli w odstępach 7–10 lat nie wystąpiłyby naturalne pożary[2]. Niektóre populacje żyją jednak też na terenach o dużym zagęszczeniu roślin, które przez długi czas uniknęły pożarów, takich jak Wilsons Promontory[6][2].
Areał osobniczy pseudomyszy malutkiej ma powierzchnię od 0,44 do 1,4 ha[6].
Jest wszystkożerna, choć preferuje nasiona roślin; jada również łodygi, liście i korzenie roślin, grzyby, a także owady i inne bezkręgowce[2][7][6]. Może odgrywać znaczącą rolę w rozprzestrzenianiu nasion i zarodników[6].
Większość młodych rodzi się w okresie od sierpnia do stycznia (od późnej zimy do wczesnego lata na półkuli południowej), czasem sezon rozrodczy przedłuża się do jesieni. Jest to związane z dostępnością pokarmu, zależną od opadów i pożarów. Samice w pierwszym roku aktywności seksualnej mogą wydać na świat jeden miot, w drugim do trzech–czterech. W miocie rodzi się od jednego do sześciu młodych (średnio 4,6). Samica rodzi młode w ukrytym gnieździe, w ciągu dnia i karmi je przez 3–4 tygodnie. Samce osiągają dojrzałość płciową mając 20 tygodni, samice mając 13 tygodni lub wcześniej, jeśli zagęszczenie populacji jest małe[7][6].
Liczebność pseudomyszy malutkiej maleje, ocenia się, że żyje mniej niż 10 tysięcy dorosłych osobników[2]. Nie jest ona objęta planem ochronnym[6]. Liczebność waha się w czasie, ma na nią wpływ wielkość opadów i intensywność pożarów. Do zagrożeń dla tego gatunku zaliczają się przede wszystkim niewłaściwe reżimy ogniowe - gatunek wymaga specyficznej roślinności, odradzającej się po pożarach buszu, oraz drapieżnictwo ze strony zdziczałych kotów. Ssakom tym zagraża też utrata i fragmentacja sprzyjających siedlisk, zmniejszenie opadów i susze związane ze zmianami klimatu. Mniej znaczącymi zagrożeniami są introdukowane lisy rude i psy, a także degradacja środowiska przez roślinożerców (w tym zwierzęta hodowlane), obce rośliny i pasożyta roślin Phytophthora cinnamomi[2]. Również konkurencja z myszą domową może być niekorzystna dla pseudomyszy malutkiej, choć ta pierwsza jada więcej owadów i w sprzyjającym środowisku może zająć inną niszę[6]
Międzynarodowa Unia Ochrony Przyrody obecnie uznaje pseudomysz malutką za gatunek narażony na wyginięcie[2]. Amerykańska ustawa o zagrożonych gatunkach zalicza ją do gatunków zagrożonych[4].
Pseudomysz malutka (Pseudomys novaehollandiae) – gatunek gryzonia z rodziny myszowatych, występujący w południowo-wschodniej części Australii i na Tasmanii.
Pseudomys novaehollandiae é uma espécie de roedor da família Muridae. Foi primeiramente descrita por George Waterhouse em 1843. A espécie ficou desaparecida por cerca de um século, até ser redescoberta no Parque Nacional Ku-ring-gai Chase em 1967. É encontrado apenas na Austrália, dentro dos estados New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria e Tasmania.
Pseudomys novaehollandiae é uma espécie de roedor da família Muridae. Foi primeiramente descrita por George Waterhouse em 1843. A espécie ficou desaparecida por cerca de um século, até ser redescoberta no Parque Nacional Ku-ring-gai Chase em 1967. É encontrado apenas na Austrália, dentro dos estados New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria e Tasmania.
Pseudomys novaehollandiae[2] är en däggdjursart som först beskrevs av Waterhouse 1843. Pseudomys novaehollandiae ingår i släktet australmöss, och familjen råttdjur.[3][4] IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som sårbar.[1] Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.[3]
Arten påminner om den vanliga husmusen men Pseudomys novaehollandiae är allmänt lite större. Den har grå päls på ovansidan och vit päls på buken samt på extremiteterna. Svansen är 10 till 15 % längre än bålen och huvudet tillsammans.[5]
Denna gnagare lever i sydöstra Australien och på Tasmanien. Arten vistas i låglandet och i låga bergstrakter upp till 900 meter över havet. Habitatet utgörs av hedar, av öppna skogar och av sandiga regioner med glest fördelad växtlighet nära kusten.[1][5]
Pseudomys novaehollandiae behöver mjuk jord för att gräva sina bon. Individerna är aktiva på natten och äter främst frön. Dessutom ingår blad, blommor, svampar och små ryggradslösa djur i födan.[5]
Fortplantningen sker under tider med bra tillgång till föda. Unga honor har en kull per år och äldre honor kan ha upp till fyra kullar. Dräktigheten varar cirka 32 dagar och sedan föds 2 till 6 ungar. Ungarna diar sin mor 4 till 6 veckor. Könsmognaden infaller för honor efter 13 veckor och för hanar efter 20 veckor. Många individer faller offer för hundar, tamkatter och rödrävar, som introducerades i regionen.[1][5]
Wikimedia Commons har media som rör Pseudomys novaehollandiae.
Pseudomys novaehollandiae är en däggdjursart som först beskrevs av Waterhouse 1843. Pseudomys novaehollandiae ingår i släktet australmöss, och familjen råttdjur. IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som sårbar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.
Arten påminner om den vanliga husmusen men Pseudomys novaehollandiae är allmänt lite större. Den har grå päls på ovansidan och vit päls på buken samt på extremiteterna. Svansen är 10 till 15 % längre än bålen och huvudet tillsammans.
Denna gnagare lever i sydöstra Australien och på Tasmanien. Arten vistas i låglandet och i låga bergstrakter upp till 900 meter över havet. Habitatet utgörs av hedar, av öppna skogar och av sandiga regioner med glest fördelad växtlighet nära kusten.
Pseudomys novaehollandiae behöver mjuk jord för att gräva sina bon. Individerna är aktiva på natten och äter främst frön. Dessutom ingår blad, blommor, svampar och små ryggradslösa djur i födan.
Fortplantningen sker under tider med bra tillgång till föda. Unga honor har en kull per år och äldre honor kan ha upp till fyra kullar. Dräktigheten varar cirka 32 dagar och sedan föds 2 till 6 ungar. Ungarna diar sin mor 4 till 6 veckor. Könsmognaden infaller för honor efter 13 veckor och för hanar efter 20 veckor. Många individer faller offer för hundar, tamkatter och rödrävar, som introducerades i regionen.
Pseudomys novaehollandiae là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Chuột, bộ Gặm nhấm. Loài này được Waterhouse mô tả năm 1842.[1]
Pseudomys novaehollandiae là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Chuột, bộ Gặm nhấm. Loài này được Waterhouse mô tả năm 1842.
뉴홀랜드쥐(Pseudomys novaehollandiae)는 쥐과에 속하는 설치류의 일종이다.[2] 1843년 워터하우스(George Waterhouse)가 처음 기술했다. 1967년 시드니 북쪽 쿠링가이 체이스 국립공원에서 재발견되기 전까지 1세기 이상 자취를 감췄다. 오스트레일리아 남동부 지역의 뉴사우스웨일스주와 퀸즐랜드주, 빅토리아주, 태즈메이니아주 지역에서만 발견된다.[1]
뉴홀랜드쥐의 털은 회색-갈색이고 등 쪽은 좀더 짙은 색을 띠며, 꼬리는 검은 갈색이다. 꼬리 길이 80~105mm를 제외한 몸길이는 65~90mm, 뒷발 길이는 약 20~22mm이다. 뉴홀랜즈쥐 크기는 환경에 따라 약간 다양하다. 테즈메이니아 주에 서식하는 뉴홀랜드쥐 개체군이 뉴사우스웨일스 주와 빅토리아 주에 서식하는 개체군보다 몸무게가 약간 더 나간다. 그럼에도 불구하고 태즈메이니아 주와 뉴사우스웨일스 주, 빅토리아 주에서 머리 모양과 길이가 측정값을 공유한다.[3]
뉴홀랜드쥐는 유럽 이주민이 정착지에 도입한 생쥐와 아주 유사하게 보일수도 있다. 귀와 눈이 생쥐보다 약간 크다. 또한 뉴홀랜드쥐는 상절치의 절흔이 없고 쥐 특유의 냄새가 없다.[3]
