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Eyelash pit vipers are slow-moving ambush predators. Because of their predatory habits, they are vulnerable to predation themselves. In response to this, eyelash vipers have developed unique adaptations to avoid being attacked or eaten. The "eyelashes" actually break up the shape of the head and allow it to be easily camouflaged. The patterns found on eyelash pit vipers vary greatly and allow them to blend in with their surrounding environment. Along with camouflage, they also rely on a hemotoxic and neurotoxic venom, which affects the blood stream and central nervous system to deter potential predators. Common predators include hedgehogs, badgers, foxes, humans, and cats.
Known Predators:
Anti-predator Adaptations: cryptic
The genus Bothriechis is represented by nine species, each characterized by the presence of a prehensile tail (used for climbing) and typically bright green or yellow dorsal coloration. Eyelash pit vipers are extremely variable in appearance, displaying a wide range of color morphs within populations and even within litters. This species is unusual, as its dorsal ground color is most often olive green. Other color morphs common in eyelash pit vipers are bright yellow, pink, green, silver or dark grey, or brown. Yellow eyelash pit vipers typically show little additional coloration, whereas other morphs typically have speckled markings or crossbands of black, green, red, orange, yellow, and/or silver or pale green. In all morphs, the tip of the tail is yellow or green and the ventral body surface pale yellow, sometimes with darker mottles or stripes.
Habitat plays an important role in eyelash pit viper coloration, as they rely heavily on camouflage when ambushing prey. Yellow eyelash pit vipers often inhabit areas where bananas are plentiful, as they are capable of blending in with the brightly colored fruits. Here they wait to ambush bats or other organisms that visit to feed on the bananas. Similarly, eyelash pit vipers with red coloration will camouflage themselves within red-colored bromeliads, where they ambush and feed on small amphibians.
Bothriechis schlegelii is considered a small- to medium-sized pit viper. Adult body length ranges from 55 to 82 cm, with females (35 to 82 cm) typically longer and more variable in size than males (37 to 69 cm). The tail is short to moderate, comprising 13 to 19% of total body length.
Because of their arboreal habit, eyelash pit vipers weigh less and are considerably shorter than most terrestrial pit vipers (in comparison to fer-de-lances or bushmasters). This size difference has been attributed to the habitats in which they live and the manner in which they feed. In particular, these snakes must be small and light to effectively maneuver through shrubs and trees and avoid perception by prey.
Eyelash pit vipers are named for the small, bristly, keeled scales just above each eye. The function of these "eyelashes" or horn-like modified scales is not clear, but it has been suggested that they protect the eyes as the snake moves through dense vegetation. In contrast to the lance-shaped heads of closely related vipers in the genus Bothrops, eyelash pit vipers have relatively wide, triangular heads. Their fangs are relatively long and can deliver a venomous bite to prey.
The scales of eyelash pit vipers are rough to the touch or keeled. This distinguishes eyelash pit vipers from other snake species such as 'fer-de-lances Bothrops asper' and 'bushmasters Lachesis muta' that have smooth scales. The smooth scales of other species allow them to glide quickly over a wide variety of surfaces. Instead, the rough scales of eyelash pit vipers provide protection from rough branches and allow for a "velcro-like" grip that aids in moving and anchoring on vines in their arboreal habitat.
Range length: 35 to 82 cm.
Other Physical Features: heterothermic ; venomous
Sexual Dimorphism: female larger
Because eyelash pit vipers are arboreal and relatively reclusive, they have been difficult to study in their natural habitat. Instead, most lifespan records are for animals in captivity. Estimated lifespan for wild eyelash pit vipers is approximately 10 years.
Many zoos keep eyelash pit vipers because of their aesthetic qualities. Zoos have reported ages of eyelash pit vipers in captivity ranging from 16 to over 20 years. This is due to the lack of predation and consistent food supply.
Range lifespan
Status: captivity: 20 (high) years.
Typical lifespan
Status: wild: 6 to 10 years.
Average lifespan
Status: wild: 10 years.
Typical lifespan
Status: captivity: 16 to 20 years.
Average lifespan
Status: captivity: 16 years.
Eyelash pit vipers occupy a wide range of wooded or shrubby habitats, particularly in moist tropical forests. They occur in near sea-level and streamside vegetation in moist lowlands and mountain foothills to high-elevation montane and cloud forests. They have been found at elevations ranging from 860 to 2500 m. Habitats in close proximity to water appear to provide them with a large number and diversity of prey, particularly small birds, amphibians, and reptiles.
Eyelash pit vipers spend very little time on the forest floor, where predation rates are generally higher than in areas lacking thick vegetation for camouflage. Instead, they are found most often in dense shrub thickets, low hanging tree branches, vines, or in the coarse bark of various palm species. They also are frequently reported in plantations, on the branches of coffee trees.
Range elevation: 860 to 2500 m.
Habitat Regions: tropical ; terrestrial
Terrestrial Biomes: forest ; rainforest
Other Habitat Features: agricultural
Eyelash pit vipers, also known as eyelash palm pit vipers (Bothriechis schlegelii), are widely distributed throughout moist lowland and montane forests from Chiapas, Mexico (the southernmost state in Mexico), through northwestern Ecuador and western Venezuela. In Central America and northern South America, they occur in portions of Costa Rica, Panama, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. This species is considered to be one of the most widely distributed of the arboreal vipers.
Biogeographic Regions: neotropical (Native )
Eyelash pit vipers feed on a wide variety of small vertebrate animals, including (but not limited to) frogs, lizards, birds, bats, rodents, and marsupials. In most cases, these snakes will prey upon any animal small enough to be subdued and ingested without confrontation. While they are not considered an aggressive species, eyelash pit vipers have been known to bite humans who venture too close.
Eyelash pit vipers are primarily nocturnal predators, although they also capture moving prey from the safety of their diurnal perch. They typically use a "sit-and-wait" form of predation to surprise and ambush their prey. After capture, they paralyze their prey by injecting hemotoxic venom (toxins capable of destroying red blood cells). This venom contains procoagulants and haemorrhagins, and affects both the central nervous system and the cardiovascular system, making it highly toxic.
Animal Foods: birds; mammals; amphibians; reptiles
Primary Diet: carnivore (Eats terrestrial vertebrates)
Eyelash pit vipers are important predators of small vertebrate animals in their moist, wooded tropical environments.
Because of their colorful appearance, eyelash pit vipers are one of the most common arboreal vipers collected and kept in captivity.
Positive Impacts: pet trade
Eyelash pit vipers are relatively docile unless threatened. It is not uncommon for people encounter this ambush predator unexpectedly in their natural habitat. Although no fatalities from eyelash pit viper bites have been reported, they are venomous and potentially harmful. Because of their relatively small size and ability to become camouflaged among bright yellow fruit, yellow eyelash pit vipers have been accidentally shipped throughout the world in boxes of bananas.
Negative Impacts: injures humans (bites or stings, venomous )
Aside from their small size, eyelash pit vipers are born fully developed and do not undergo any type of metamorphosis. Young snakes are capable of injecting venom, although they typically do not feed until after their first molt. Small frogs are common as early prey. Perhaps because of their diet, young pit vipers generally to spend greater amounts of time on the ground than adults. However, this trend seems less pronounced in eyelash pit vipers than other species. Like most snakes, eyelash pit vipers exhibit indeterminate growth and will increase in size throughout their lives.
Development - Life Cycle: indeterminate growth
Eyelash pit vipers were removed from CITIES Appendix III in December of 2002. They are no longer listed as threatened on any endangered species list. Like many arboreal, tropical species, eyelash pit vipers are likely threatened by habitat loss as a result of increased deforestation for the timber industry, agriculture, or urbanization.
CITES: no special status
Like all pit vipers, B. schlegelii has a pair of heat-sensitive pits set between its eyes and nostrils. They have well-developed binocular vision and pupils with long vertical slits that increase their visual perception. Eyelash pit vipers, like most other viper species, rely on "heat imaging" to sense their environment, particularly sensing danger and prey. Like most other snakes, they also have a long tongue which they "flick" in order to sense chemical changes in the air around them. Because of their illusive nature, not much is known about the communication between members of the same species or potential mates. Males utilize visual intimidation in their competitive "dances" to secure mates during the breeding season. Like all snakes, eyelash pit vipers have primitive ear structures that sense nearby vibrations rather than sound.
Communication Channels: visual ; chemical
Perception Channels: visual ; infrared/heat ; vibrations ; chemical
Eyelash pit vipers reach sexual maturity at approximately two years of age. These snakes have a keen sense of smell and chemical sensing pits that are used to locate potential mates. Courtship behavior is an important part of mating. Males participate in a “dance of the adders” which is a courtship ritual in which two males face one another in an upright, cobra-like stance. Through posturing, males attempt to intimidate one another, often until one is pushed away or falls to the ground. This courtship ritual typically does not harm either participant, as biting does not occur. This ritual may continue for many hours. Like most snakes, eyelash pit vipers are polygynous.
Mating System: polygynous
Eyelash pit vipers reproduce throughout the year in warm environments. Mating typically occurs at night. Pregnant females show an enlarged lower abdomen, with continued anterior expansion over time. Females often stop feeding in the final stages of pregnancy.
Females incubate eggs internally for an approximately six month gestation period. Eyelash pit vipers are ovoviviparous, meaning that after gestation, the eggs hatch inside the mother's body, where they complete their development. These vipers typically bear 2 to 20 live young per brood. Except for body size (15 to 20 cm), the young are physically similar to adults.
Breeding interval: Eyelash vipers appear to have no specific breeding season and usually breed once to twice per year.
Breeding season: Gestation lasts approximately six months. After giving birth, females are immediately ready to reproduce again.
Range number of offspring: 2 to 25.
Average number of offspring: 6 to 20.
Range gestation period: 3 to 5 (low) months.
Average gestation period: 6 months.
Average time to independence: 0 days.
Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female): 2 years.
Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male): 2 years.
Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; year-round breeding ; sexual ; fertilization ; ovoviviparous
Male eyelash pit vipers are present only during fertilization. Females eyelash pit vipers have a significantly greater investment, as the eggs hatch and the young develop inside of her for 3 to 5 months. As she gains body mass while pregnant, she may be at greater risk of predation. Females invest very little time in the young once they are born as they are fully equipped for immediate independence.
Parental Investment: no parental involvement; pre-fertilization (Provisioning, Protecting: Female); pre-hatching/birth (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female)
The Eyelash Viper (Bothriechis schlegelii), known as “bocaracá” in Costa Rica, is a medium-sized (maximum total length ~80 cm) arboreal and highly venomous pit viper that feeds on a variety of small vertebrates including frogs, lizards, birds, bats, rodents, and marsupials. It is found in lowland and premontane wet forests from almost sea level to 2640 m (across most of its distribution, it occurs mostly at the lower end of this range; other Bothriechis species are generally not found at low elevations). The range of the Eyelash Viper extends from Chiapas, Mexico, to northwestern Ecuador and western Venezuela. (Lomonte et al. 2008 and references therein; Sorrell 2009 and references therein)
Eyelash Vipers may be found in a range of colors, including green, brown, rust, gray, light blue, and (in Costa Rica) golden yellow. The "eyelashes" that give this snake its name are actually hoodlike scales over each eye. These snakes are responsible for a number of human fatalities each year, generally resulting from people overlooking these motionless, well camouflaged vipers when climbing trees or reaching into tree branches or clusters of fruit. (Henderson et al. 2010) The facial pits of pit vipers such as the Eyelash Viper and many others were at one time believed to be used only for locating warm-blooded prey, but these heat-sensing structures have now been shown to play an important role in facilitating behavioral thermoregulation (Krochmal et al. 2004).
Sorrell (2009) studied diel patterns of movement and predatory behavior of Eyelash Vipers in an Atlantic lowland tropical moist forest in Panama. During the day, Eyelash Vipers were most frequently found motionless in a hunting posture (i.e., with the body positioned for a strike and facing an object that could serve as a prey runway such as a branch, liana, tree bole, or tree buttress). Individuals were significantly more likely to move between perches at night than during the day. Sorrell was able to identify ten prey items representing seven taxa; five of these prey species had not previously been reported as Eyelash Viper food items. Combined with literature records, Sorrell tallied a total of 15 prey categories (mostly identified to species), seven of them mainly diurnal and eight mainly nocturnal. He notes that the list of Eyelash Viper prey items includes frogs, indicating that this species actively forages at night because sedentary, nocturnal prey items (e.g., Eleutherodactylus frogs) are unlikely to be encountered by a snake using only ambush methods. (Lomonte et al. (2008) and references therein; Sorrell 2009 and references therein)
Castoe et. al. (2009) studied the phylogeographic and biogeographic history of New World pitvipers, focusing on three genera (Atropoides [the jumping pitvipers], Bothriechis [the palm pitvipers], and Cerrophidion [the montane pitvipers]) that are broadly co-distributed across the highlands of Middle America. According to their analyses, the extant sister species to B. schlegelii is B. supraciliaris of southwestern Costa Rica (a formerly synonymized species [Werman 1984 and references therein] restored to species rank by Solorzano et al. 1998). This supports the finding by Taggart et al. (2001).
Antonio (1980) described the courtship and copulatory behavior of a pair of captive Eyelash Vipers from Honduras, as well as some preliminary data on the genetics of coloration in this species.
Lomonte et al. (2008) characterized the venoms of B. schlegelii and B. lateralis with respect to their protein composition and investigated which protein species within these snake venoms are effectively recognized and immunoprecipitated by the polyvalent antivenom manufactured at the Instituto Clodomiro Picado (University of Costa Rica), which is made using a mixture of venoms from three different three pitvipers (B. asper, Crotalus durissus durissus, and Lachesis stenophrys).
B. schlegelii presenta la maxila con uno o dos pares de colmillos perforados por un canal. Las escamas cefálicas son pequeñas y numerosas, lisas o aquilladas. Se pueden distinguir escamas grandes supraoculares y, usualmente, otras más sobre el hocico que forman el canthus, entre la rostral y la supraocular. Entre el ojo y la apertura nasal se encuentra la foseta lacrimal, en contacto o separada de la segunda supralabial.
La cabeza se destaca claramente del cuello. El ojo es moderado con la pupila vertical. El cuerpo es cilíndrico o comprimido lateralmente. La cola es corta. Presenta de 21 a 35 hileras de escamas dorsales, usualmente en número impar, con reducción, aquilladas. La placa anal se presenta entera; las subcaudales pueden aparecer enteras, divididas o parcialmente enteras y parcialmente divididas, aunque siempre predomina un solo tipo. Presenta de 2 a 3 escamas pequeñas alargadas, puntiagudas y más o menos erectas, como cuernos o pestañas, entre la supraocular y la órbita. La cola es prensil. El dorso es de color amarillo brillante o bien verde, verdoso de plateado a plúmbeo o carbón, usualmente con manchas oscuras contrastadas. Raramente se presenta casi uniforme o con franjas claras y oscuras longitudinales.
Más información en:
Biología">http://www.icp.ucr.ac.cr/asbiolog.htm">Biología de las serpientes
Křovinář ostnitý (Bothriechis schlegeli) patří k nejhezčím jedovatým hadům Jižní Ameriky. Je zástupcem podčeledi chřestýšovitých. Tento had je zajímavým příkladem biologické konvergence. Svým vzhledem i chováním je téměř dokonalou kopií asijských chřestýšovců rodu (Trimereserus) a afrických stromových zmijí rodu (Ateris). Všichni tito hadi jsou přizpůsobeni k životu v korunách stromů tropického pralesa a jsou si proto tak podobní, že je, např. na fotografii, od sebe těžko rozliší i odborník.
Tento had se vyskytuje ve deštných pralesích Střední a severní poloviny Jižní Ameriky, od jižního Mexika po Ekvádor a Peru. Jeho biotopem jsou deštné pralesy a mlžné lesy, zvláště na svazích hor. Vyskytuje se především na území těchto států:
Je to malý had, který dorůstá délky maximálně 70 cm. Jeho zbarvení je velmi proměnlivé, může být v závislosti na lokalitě a poddruhu, trávově zelené, tyrkysové, jasně žluté, světle hnědé či olivové, zpravidla s tmavšími skvrnami na hřbetě. Toto zbarvení hada maskuje ve větvích pralesních stromů či na jejich kůře pokryté lišejníkem. Nad očima má zvětšené šupiny, které tvoří jakési růžky či ostny, podle nichž dostal jméno.
Je to noční druh, přizpůsobený životu v korunách stromů. Má chápavý ocas, s jehož pomocí se dokáže udržet ve větvích a ochranné zbarvení. Živí se ptáky, stromovými žábami, zřídkakdy plazy a savci, hlavně drobnými vačicemi. Tento druh je vejcoživorodý. Samice klade 10 - 12 vajec, z nichž se ihned po opuštění jejího těla líhnou mláďata.
Jeho jed je hemotoxický, což znamená, že způsobuje rozklad krve. Není však tak silný jako u jiných druhů křovinářů a smrtelná uštknutí nejsou častá. Navíc je tento had poměrně vzácný a neútočný.
Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu křovinář ostnitý ve Wikimedia Commons
Křovinář ostnitý (Bothriechis schlegeli) patří k nejhezčím jedovatým hadům Jižní Ameriky. Je zástupcem podčeledi chřestýšovitých. Tento had je zajímavým příkladem biologické konvergence. Svým vzhledem i chováním je téměř dokonalou kopií asijských chřestýšovců rodu (Trimereserus) a afrických stromových zmijí rodu (Ateris). Všichni tito hadi jsou přizpůsobeni k životu v korunách stromů tropického pralesa a jsou si proto tak podobní, že je, např. na fotografii, od sebe těžko rozliší i odborník.
Die Greifschwanz-Lanzenotter (Bothriechis schlegelii), auch Greifschwanz-Palmlanzenotter oder Schlegels Lanzenotter, ist eine Giftschlange aus der Familie der Vipern (Viperidae).
Greifschwanz-Lanzenottern werden 60, manchmal auch knapp über 80 Zentimeter lang. Weibchen werden größer als die Männchen. Sie sind von sehr variabler Färbung und können grün, olivgrün, blau, braun, gelb oder gelbbraun sein. Die Unterseite ist gelb oder grün. Bei den grünen und gelbbraunen Exemplaren gibt es oft noch Zickzackbänder oder ein netzartiges Muster von rötlichen oder braunen Flecken über der Grundfarbe. Der Kopf der Lanzenottern ist deutlich vom übrigen Körper abgesetzt und hat eine dreieckige Form. Das Auge hat eine senkrechte Pupille. Über dem Auge befinden sich zwei bis drei hornartig aufragende Schuppen. Die Tiere sind solenoglyph bezahnt; im Oberkiefer sitzen zwei lange Giftzähne, die bei geschlossenem Maul nach hinten geklappt sind.
Die Greifschwanz-Lanzenotter bewohnt Mittelamerika, vom mittleren Mexiko bis Panama und den äußersten Nordwesten Südamerikas in Teilen Kolumbien, des westlichen Ecuador und in einem kleinen Gebiet in Venezuela. Sie lebt auf Bäumen im Flachland und in den Bergen, in feuchten Regenwäldern und Plantagen.
Sie ernähren sich von Mäusen, kleinen Vögeln, Echsen und Fröschen.
Die Greifschwanz-Lanzenotter pflanzt sich das ganze Jahr über fort. Sie ist wie alle Arten der Gattung lebendgebärend (Ovoviviparie) und bringt nach einer Trächtigkeit von 4 bis 5 Monaten 6 bis 22 Jungschlangen zur Welt, die bei der Geburt 10 bis 20 Zentimeter lang sind.
Die Greifschwanz-Lanzenotter ist eine von sieben Arten der Palmlanzenottern (Bothriechis) und damit der amerikanischen Grubenottern. Bis vor wenigen Jahren wurde die gesamte Gattung den Amerikanischen Lanzenottern (Bothrops) zugeordnet. Nach der Revision der ehemaligen Großgattung durch Burger 1971 und Steven D. Werman 1992 erfolgte die Zuordnung als eigene Gattung.[1]
Innerhalb der Palmlanzenottern stellt die Greifschwanz-Lanzenotter eine sehr basale Art dar, die als Schwesterart aller anderen Palmlanzenottern angesehen wird:
N.N.Ophryacus undulatus (als Schwesterart)
Greifschwanz-Lanzenotter (B. schlegelii)
Schwarzgefleckte Palmlanzenotter (B. nigroviridis)
Rowleys Palmlanzenotter (B. rowleyi)
Gelbgefleckte Palmlanzenotter (B. aurifer)
Grüngelbe Palmlanzenotter (B. lateralis)
Zweifarbige Palmlanzenotter (B. bicolor)
Marchs Palmlanzenotter (B. marchi)
Die Greifschwanz-Lanzenotter ist stark giftig, warnt vor dem Giftbiss nicht und stößt auf Entfernungen bis zu einer halben Körperlänge zu. Das Gift hat Gewebe zerstörende und neurotoxische Bestandteile. Es kommt häufig zu Unfällen mit Arbeitern in Bananen- und anderen Plantagen, die aber meist nicht tödlich verlaufen. Das Gift wird aber gerade in der Terrarienhaltung häufig unterschätzt und kann zu Amputationen und schweren Verstümmelungen führen.
Die Greifschwanz-Lanzenotter (Bothriechis schlegelii), auch Greifschwanz-Palmlanzenotter oder Schlegels Lanzenotter, ist eine Giftschlange aus der Familie der Vipern (Viperidae).
Intiwarak'a icha quri mach'aqway (Bothriechis schlegelii) nisqaqa huk ancha miyusapa katari mach'aqwaymi, Chawpi, Uralan Awya Yalapi kawsaq. Runata kaniptinqa, wañunman. Manam kaskawilniyuqchu.
Intiwarak'amantaqa Ciro Alegríam qillqan "Quri mach'aqway" (La serpiente de oro) sutiyuq kawsay rikch'anpi.
Intiwarak'a icha quri mach'aqway (Bothriechis schlegelii) nisqaqa huk ancha miyusapa katari mach'aqwaymi, Chawpi, Uralan Awya Yalapi kawsaq. Runata kaniptinqa, wañunman. Manam kaskawilniyuqchu.
Intiwarak'amantaqa Ciro Alegríam qillqan "Quri mach'aqway" (La serpiente de oro) sutiyuq kawsay rikch'anpi.
Bothriechis schlegelii, known commonly as the eyelash viper, is a species of venomous pit viper in the family Viperidae. The species is native to Central and South America. Small and arboreal, this species is characterized by a wide array of color variations, as well as the superciliary scales above the eyes. It is the most common of the green palm-pitvipers (genus Bothriechis),[2] and is often present in zoological exhibits. The specific name schlegelii honors Hermann Schlegel, who was a German ornithologist and herpetologist.[3] For other common names see below. No subspecies are currently recognized as being valid.[4]
The eyelash viper is a relatively small species of pitviper, with adults ranging from 55–82 cm (22–32 in) long, and females being longer and more variable in size than males, which can grow to 69 cm (27 in) long.[5] It has a wide, triangular-shaped head, and eyes with vertical pupils. Like all pit vipers, it is solenoglyphous, having large, hypodermic needle-like fangs in the front of the upper jaw that fold back when not in use, and has heat sensitive organs, or pits, located on either side of the head between the eye and nostril.
Its most distinguishing feature, and origin of its common name, is the set of modified scales above the eyes that look much like eyelashes. The eyelashes are thought to aid in camouflage, breaking up the snake's outline among the foliage where it hides. The eyelash viper occurs in a wide range of colors, including red, yellow, brown, green, even pink, as well as various combinations thereof. It often has black or brown speckling on the base color. No external features distinguish the two sexes.[6]
Common names of B. schlegelii include the eyelash viper,[7] eyelash pit viper, eyelash palm viper, eyelash palm-pitviper,[8][6] Schlegel's viper,[7] Schlegel's pit viper,[9] Schlegel's palm viper,[10] eyelash snake,[2] eyelash lancehead,[11] eyelash mountain viper,[7] and horned palm viper.[2] In Spanish, the primary language of countries comprising its distribution, common names include bocaracá,[12] oropel (golden morph),[12] víbora bocaracá, toboba pestañas,[6] víbora de pestañas[8] (eyelash viper), and serpiente loro[8] (parrot snake).
The geographic range of B. schlegelii extends from southern Mexico (northern Chiapas), southeastward on the Atlantic plains and lowlands through Central America to northern South America in Colombia and Venezuela. It is also found on the Pacific versant and lowlands in parts of Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. It occurs in mesic forest at elevations almost from sea level to 2,640 m (8,660 ft) altitude. The type locality is “Popayan” (Popayán, Colombia).[1]
B. schlegelii prefers lower altitude, humid, tropical areas with dense foliage, generally not far from a permanent water source.[13] One study noted the preference of B. schlegelii for deep, shady ravines.[14] They are rarely found on the forest floor and prefer to spend most of their time on tree branches or vines. [15]
Like other Bothriechis members, B. schlegelii is arboreal and has a strong prehensile tail. It is largely nocturnal, consuming small rodents, frogs, lizards and small birds.[5] It is not known to be an aggressive snake, but will not hesitate to strike if harassed.
A typical ambush predator, it waits patiently for unsuspecting prey to wander by. Sometimes, it is known to select a specific ambush site and return to it every year in time for the spring migration of birds. Studies have indicated that B. schlegeli learns to improve strike accuracy over time.[1] Sometimes B. schlegelii (especially juveniles) will employ what is known as “caudal luring”, wiggling the tail in worm-like motions to encourage potential prey to move within striking range.
There is a myth among villagers in some small areas of South America that the eyelash viper will wink, flashing its "eyelashes" at its victim, following a venomous strike. Snakes are not physiologically capable of such behavior, as they have no eyelids and can not close their eyes.[16]
The eyelash viper reaches sexual maturity at around two years of age, and the ovoviviparous species reproduces throughout the year in warm environments.[5] Females carry eggs for around six months before they hatch internally, where the young complete their development.[5] Pregnant females have enlarged lower abdomens, and may stop eating in later stages of pregnancy.[5] In a typical brood they give birth to 2–20 live young, which are 15–20 cm (6–8 in) in length and appear physically similar to adults.[5]
Males engage in a sometimes hours-long courtship ritual called a "dance of the adders", in which two males posture and intimidate one another in an upright, "cobra-like" stance until one is pushed away or falls to the ground.[5] They are polygynous, and usually mate at night.[5]
Despite the inherent danger of its venom, B. schlegelii is frequently available in the exotic animal trade, and is well represented in zoos worldwide. It is frequently captive bred for color and pattern. Exporting from the wild is not as common as it once was, but is not unknown. In general they make hardy captives, readily feeding on provided mice.
Some authorities also recognize a montane form that is treated either as a subspecies (B. s. supraciliaris) or as a species (B. supraciliaris).[7] Found in the province of San José in Costa Rica,[17] it was sometimes referred to as the eyelash mountain viper,[7] while more recent publications recognizing the species designation refer to it as the blotched palm-pitviper.[18][19]
Eyelash vipers have not been evaluated by the IUCN Red List, and were removed from CITES Appendix III in 2002.[5] While not listed as threatened, they could be at risk of habitat loss from increased deforestation for timber, agriculture, and urbanization.[5]
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Yellow individual in La Selva Biological Station
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White individual in Cahuita National Park
Facial features
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Threat behavior
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Illustration
Bothriechis schlegelii, known commonly as the eyelash viper, is a species of venomous pit viper in the family Viperidae. The species is native to Central and South America. Small and arboreal, this species is characterized by a wide array of color variations, as well as the superciliary scales above the eyes. It is the most common of the green palm-pitvipers (genus Bothriechis), and is often present in zoological exhibits. The specific name schlegelii honors Hermann Schlegel, who was a German ornithologist and herpetologist. For other common names see . No subspecies are currently recognized as being valid.
La bocaracá[2] o crótalo cornudo de Schlegel (Bothriechis schlegelii) es una especie de serpiente venenosa de América Central y Sudamérica que pertenece a la subfamilia de las víboras de foseta. Pequeña y arbórea, se caracteriza por su amplia gama de variantes de color, así como por una especie de “cuernos” situados sobre los ojos. Debe su nombre al zoólogo alemán Hermann Schlegel. No han sido reconocidas subespecies.
La palabra bocaracá es de origen huétar o térraba.
Bothriechis schlegelii es conocida como bocaracá en Costa Rica y un número de otros países latinoamericanos.[3] Otros nombres comunes incluyen: oropel, toboba de pestañas, terciopelo de pestañas, víbora amarilla (para la variedad de este color).
En inglés: Eyelash viper,[4] eyelash mountain viper, Schlegel's viper,[4] Schlegel's palm viper,[5] eyelash snake, horned palm viper.[6] eyelash pit viper, Schlegel's pit viper.[7] eyelash palm-pitviper.
Es una especie relativamente pequeña, que raramente supera los 75 cm de longitud. Las hembras suelen ser más largas que los machos. Poseen una cabeza triangular, con ojos de pupilas verticales. A cada lado de la cabeza tienen una foseta loreal ubicada entre el ojo y el hocico, que sirve para detectar presas que emiten radiación infrarroja. La foseta loreal es una característica compartida con las demás víboras de foseta.
La especie se halla desde el sur de México (norte de Chiapas), hacia el sureste sobre la vertiente del Atlántico y las tierras bajas de América Central hasta el norte de América del Sur en Colombia y Venezuela. Se encuentra también en la vertiente del Pacífico, en las tierras bajas de Costa Rica, Panamá, Honduras, Colombia, Ecuador y Perú.
Prefiere áreas tropicales de denso follaje, en zonas cercanas a fuentes de agua. Su hábitat es principalmente conformado de bosques húmedos a altitudes que oscilan entre el nivel del mar hasta 2640 msnm.[1]
Como otras especies del género Bothriechis, esta es arbórea. Principalmente nocturna, se alimenta de pequeños roedores, ranas, culebras y pequeños pájaros. No es una serpiente agresiva, pero no duda en atacar si es molestada.
Siendo un típico depredador de emboscada, espera pacientemente a sus presas. A veces, elige un lugar de emboscada específico para aves, donde regresa todos los años a tiempo para la migración de primavera de las aves.
Bothriechis schlegelii es ovovivípara, y una camada tiene un promedio de 10–12 crías cada año, pero puede constar hasta de 20 individuos. Las crías tienen un tamaño de 6–8 pulgadas.
El veneno de Bothriechis schlegelii es principalmente hemotóxico, pero contiene también factores fuertemente miotóxicos. Las mordeduras de esta especie son poco frecuentes y raramente fatales. Víctimas mortales incluyen principalmente niños pequeños. Síntomas típicos de un envenenamiento severo incluyen: dolor local intenso, hinchazón, leve necrosis de los tejidos, mareos, náusea, y dificultad respiratoria. No existe un antídoto específico para las mordeduras de esta especie.[8]
El Instituto de Investigación Clodomiro Picado, de la Universidad de Costa Rica utiliza el veneno de Bothriechis schlegelii para producir antisuero.[9]
La bocaracá o crótalo cornudo de Schlegel (Bothriechis schlegelii) es una especie de serpiente venenosa de América Central y Sudamérica que pertenece a la subfamilia de las víboras de foseta. Pequeña y arbórea, se caracteriza por su amplia gama de variantes de color, así como por una especie de “cuernos” situados sobre los ojos. Debe su nombre al zoólogo alemán Hermann Schlegel. No han sido reconocidas subespecies.
Artikulu hau zirriborroa da. Wikipedia lagun dezakezu edukia osatuz. Bothriechis schlegelii Bothriechis generoko animalia da. Narrastien barruko Viperidae familian sailkatuta dago.
Bothriechis schlegelii Bothriechis generoko animalia da. Narrastien barruko Viperidae familian sailkatuta dago.
Bothriechis schlegelii
Bothriechis schlegelii, la Vipère de Schlegel ou Vipère à cils, est une espèce de serpents de la famille des Viperidae[1].
Son habitat s'étend du Belize et du sud du Mexique, sur le côté sud-est du versant Atlantique et les plaines qui parcourent l'Amérique centrale, jusqu'au nord de l'Amérique du Sud en Colombie et au Venezuela. On la rencontre aussi sur le versant Pacifique et les plaines, dans certaines parties du Costa Rica, du Panama, de la Colombie, de l'Équateur et du Pérou. Et également dans la forêt mésique à des altitudes allant presque du niveau de la mer jusqu'à 2 640 m. La localité type est Popayán en Colombie.
Elle préfère des altitudes plutôt basses, des régions humides et tropicales au feuillage dense, en général à proximité d'une source d'eau permanente.
Cette espèce relativement petite dépasse rarement 75 cm de long ; les femelles sont plus grandes que les mâles. Ces vipères ont une tête large, de forme triangulaire et des yeux aux pupilles verticales. Comme toutes les Crotalinae, elles sont solénoglyphes, et possèdent dans la mâchoire supérieure de grands crochets à venin semblables à des aiguilles hypodermiques. Ces crochets se rétractent quand elles ne s'en servent pas. De plus, les représentants de cette espèce sont dotés d'organes sensibles à la chaleur, placés de chaque côté de la tête entre l’œil et la narine.
Leur principale caractéristique est un ensemble d'écailles modifiées sur les yeux, qui ressemblent beaucoup à des cils. On pense que ces cils les aident à se camoufler, en dissimulant la silhouette du serpent parmi le feuillage où elles ont l'habitude de se cacher. Bothriechis schlegelii se rencontre avec une large gamme de couleurs, y compris le rouge, le jaune, le marron, le vert, voire le rose, parfois combinées. Elles ont souvent des mouchetures noires ou marron sur la couleur de base.
Comme d'autres membres du genre Bothriechis, cette espèce est arboricole. Nocturne la plupart du temps, ce serpent se nourrit de souris, de grenouilles, de chauve-souris, de lézards et de petits oiseaux. Elle n'a pas la réputation d'être un serpent agressif.
Prédateur d'embuscade typique, elle attend avec patience qu'une proie sans méfiance erre à proximité. On a remarqué quelquefois qu'elle choisit un emplacement particulier pour se placer en embuscade et qu'elle y retourne chaque année à l'époque de la migration printanière des oiseaux. Des études ont montré que ces serpents apprennent à améliorer avec le temps leur habileté dans l'attaque. Quelquefois, ces serpents (surtout les plus jeunes) se servent de ce qu'on appelle le « leurre caudal », c'est-à-dire qu'ils font bouger leur queue avec des mouvements qui rappellent ceux d'un ver, incitant ainsi la proie potentielle à pénétrer dans la zone où ils peuvent l'attaquer.
Cette espèce est nommée en l'honneur de l'herpétologiste Hermann Schlegel (1804-1884).
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Bothriechis schlegelii
Bothriechis schlegelii, la Vipère de Schlegel ou Vipère à cils, est une espèce de serpents de la famille des Viperidae.
A Bothriechis schlegelii é unha especie velenosa de serpe que vive en América Central e en América do Sur. Pequena e arborícola, esta serpe caracterízase pola súa ampla variedade de cores, así como polas protuberancias enriba dos ollos. É a especie máis común do xénero Bothriechis.[2] O nome científico schlegelii honra ó ornitoloxista alemán Hermann Schlegel. Non existe ningunha subespecie recoñecida.[3]
A Bothriechis schlegelii é unha especie velenosa de serpe que vive en América Central e en América do Sur. Pequena e arborícola, esta serpe caracterízase pola súa ampla variedade de cores, así como polas protuberancias enriba dos ollos. É a especie máis común do xénero Bothriechis. O nome científico schlegelii honra ó ornitoloxista alemán Hermann Schlegel. Non existe ningunha subespecie recoñecida.
La vipera dalle ciglia (Bothriechis schlegelii) (BERTHOLD, 1846) o crotalo cornuto delle palme è una specie di serpente velenoso appartenente al genere Bothriechis.
In Centro America è chiamato bocaracá.
Le ciglia scagliose di questo colorato crotalino gli donano un aspetto minaccioso che si ritrova nel suo metodo di caccia, in quanto attacca con un unico morso letale.
Le pupille di questo rettile sono verticali e (come per i gatti) si dilatano nell'oscurità; i serpenti infatti riescono a vedere i movimenti e i colori, ma non i particolari dell'obbiettivo.
Oltre agli occhi questa vipera possiede altri due organi per lei molto importanti: la lingua biforcuta e le fossette.
La prima viene usata per individuare l'odore delle prede, facendola saettare dentro e fuori dalla bocca e inserendola successivamente nell'organo vomeronasale (o di Jacobson), situato sul palato, che analizza gli odori "catturati".
Le seconde sono situate davanti a ciascun occhio e servono per rilevare il calore corporeo delle prede a sangue caldo.
La lunghezza media di questo serpente va dai 45 ai 60 cm, anche se alcuni esemplari misurano fino a 75 cm.
Gli esemplari in natura vivono fino a 10 anni.
Le ciglia sono una serie di scaglie spinose che si trovano sopra ciascun occhio e che gli donano uno sguardo minaccioso e inquietante.
Alcuni erpetologi credono che le ciglia servono a questa specie (in quanto arboricola) per proteggere gli occhi mentre il serpente si muove tra le foglie o passa da un ramo all'altro.
Questo animale si nutre principalmente di piccoli mammiferi, piccoli uccelli, lucertole e rane.
La vipera dalle ciglia si muove tra liane, cespugli, palme e altri alberi, solitamente in prossimità di corsi d'acqua, in tutta la fascia tropicale americana; dal Messico fino alla Colombia, al Venezuela e all'Ecuador, attraverso tutto il Centro America.
Il terribile veleno di questo serpente è molto pericoloso e viene iniettato nella vittima tramite un unico e profondo morso.
Si tratta di un'emotossina che distrugge i vasi sanguigni e i globuli rossi. Se una persona viene morsa, e non viene portata in ospedale velocemente, l'effetto del veleno può essere letale, in quanto inizierà a sanguinare dagli occhi, dalla bocca e dai reni, portando il malcapitato a una morte lenta e atroce. Solo in Costa Rica questo serpente uccide circa sei persone all'anno.
Le sue zanne sono retrattili e ognuna ha una serie di rimpiazzi che crescono dietro. Quando una di queste zanne "di scorta" è cresciuta abbastanza, quella davanti si allenterà e si staccherà, rimanendo nella carne della vittima successiva.
Questa specie e vivipara e la femmina dà alla luce 12 piccoli per volta, che possono essere di diversi colori.
La vipera dalle ciglia (Bothriechis schlegelii) (BERTHOLD, 1846) o crotalo cornuto delle palme è una specie di serpente velenoso appartenente al genere Bothriechis.
In Centro America è chiamato bocaracá.
Kabiauodegė palminė angis (lot. Bothriechis schlegelii) – palminių angių (Bothriechis) genties nuodinga gyvatė, sutinkama Centrinėje ir Pietų Amerikoje. Maža, gyvenanti medžiuose, labai spalvinga, turinti charakteringus antakinius žvynus virš akių. Labai dažnai laikoma zoologijos soduose. Lotyniškas pavadinimas suteiktas vokiečių ornitologo Hermann Schlegel garbei. Jokie porūšiai šiuo metu nepripažįstami.
Tai palyginti maža gyvatė, retai užauganti ilgesnė nei 75 cm ilgio. Patelė didesnė už patiną. Turi plačią, trikampio formos galvą ir vertikalius akių vyzdžius. Kaip ir visos angys, kabiauodegė palminė angis viršutiniame žandikaulyje turi dideles iltis, užsilenkiančias atgal, kol nenaudojamos, taip pat šiluminius jutiklius abiejose galvos pusėse tarp akių ir šnervių.
Ši gyvatė būna įvairių spalvų, įskaitant raudoną, geltoną, rudą, žalią, rožinę, taip pat įvairias šių spalvų kombinacijas. Dažnai ji dar turi juodų arba rudų taškelių.
Jos yra paplitusios pradedant pietine Meksika (Čiapo valstijos šiaurinė dalis), visoje Centrinėje Amerikoje, iki Pietų Amerikos šiaurinės dalies Kolumbijoje ir Venesueloje. Gyvena miškuose nuo jūros lygio iki 2640 m virš jūros lygio.
Renkasi drėgnuosius atogrąžų miškus, mažesniame aukštyje su tankia lapija, paprastai netoli nuo nuolatinio vandens šaltinio.
Kaip ir dauguma palminių angių genties gyvačių, kabiauodegė gyvena medžiuose ir turi labai kibią uodegą. Tai dažniausiai naktinis gyvūnas, mintantis mažais graužikais, varlėmis, driežais ir mažais paukščiais. Ši gyvatė nėra agresyvi, tačiau erzinama gali pulti.
Ji kantriai laukia savo aukos, kartais pasirinkdama specialias pasalos vietas ir sugrįždama į jas kiekvienais metais pavasarį paukščių migracijos metu. Moksliniai tyrimai parodė, kad kabiauodegė palminė angis laikui bėgant išmoksta taikliau atakuoti.[1] Kartais ši gyvatė, ypatingai jaunesnio amžiaus, potencialias aukas prisivilioja apgaulingai krutindama uodegos galiuką.
Palminės angys yra gyvavedės, atsivedančios vidutiniškai 10-12 jauniklių kasmet. Vikiteka
Kabiauodegė palminė angis (lot. Bothriechis schlegelii) – palminių angių (Bothriechis) genties nuodinga gyvatė, sutinkama Centrinėje ir Pietų Amerikoje. Maža, gyvenanti medžiuose, labai spalvinga, turinti charakteringus antakinius žvynus virš akių. Labai dažnai laikoma zoologijos soduose. Lotyniškas pavadinimas suteiktas vokiečių ornitologo Hermann Schlegel garbei. Jokie porūšiai šiuo metu nepripažįstami.
Żararaka rogata[2], żararaka Schlegela (Bothriechis schlegelii) – gatunek jadowitego węża z rodziny żmijowatych, występujący od Ameryki Środkowej do Ekwadoru[3], posiadający silnie toksyczny jad. Osiąga rozmiar żmii zygzakowatej. Jest wężem nadrzewnym, wyspecjalizowanym w polowaniu na ptaki. Pstra jaskrawość doskonale maskuje tego węża wśród bujnej zieleni i kolorowych kwiatów. Żararaka Schlegela jest jedynym wężem polującym na ptaki w locie. Owinąwszy ogonem gałąź nieruchomo zwisa w powietrzu skręcona w spiralę. Nagły wyrzut głowy przed siebie pozwala jej chwytać blisko przelatujące ptaki.
Alethinophidia Żararaka rogata, żararaka Schlegela (Bothriechis schlegelii) – gatunek jadowitego węża z rodziny żmijowatych, występujący od Ameryki Środkowej do Ekwadoru, posiadający silnie toksyczny jad. Osiąga rozmiar żmii zygzakowatej. Jest wężem nadrzewnym, wyspecjalizowanym w polowaniu na ptaki. Pstra jaskrawość doskonale maskuje tego węża wśród bujnej zieleni i kolorowych kwiatów. Żararaka Schlegela jest jedynym wężem polującym na ptaki w locie. Owinąwszy ogonem gałąź nieruchomo zwisa w powietrzu skręcona w spiralę. Nagły wyrzut głowy przed siebie pozwala jej chwytać blisko przelatujące ptaki.
A Cobra-de-pestana ou víbora-de-pestana (Bothriechis schlegeli) é uma víbora arborícola que vive nas florestas que vão do México até a Venezuela.[1]
Possui um colorido vivo e berrante,e faz um belo broche que vai do amarelo até o verde musgo, e seu nome é devido a um grupo de escamas localizado acima da cabeça. È relativamente pequena para a espécie. com o macho alcançando entre 55 a 82 cm de comprimento, e as fêmeas 69 cm.[2]
Tem um veneno hemotóxico forte, e se a vítima não tiver um socorro imediato, pode levar à amputação do membro afetado
A Cobra-de-pestana ou víbora-de-pestana (Bothriechis schlegeli) é uma víbora arborícola que vive nas florestas que vão do México até a Venezuela.
Possui um colorido vivo e berrante,e faz um belo broche que vai do amarelo até o verde musgo, e seu nome é devido a um grupo de escamas localizado acima da cabeça. È relativamente pequena para a espécie. com o macho alcançando entre 55 a 82 cm de comprimento, e as fêmeas 69 cm.
Tem um veneno hemotóxico forte, e se a vítima não tiver um socorro imediato, pode levar à amputação do membro afetado
Bothriechis schlegelii là một loài rắn trong họ Rắn lục. Loài này được Berthold mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1846.[2]
Loài rắn này không được Sách Đỏ IUCN đánh giá, và đã bị loại khỏi Phụ lục III của CITES vào năm 2002.[3] Dù cho không được liệt kê là loài bị đe dọa, chúng có thể đang nguy cấp do mất môi trường sống từ việc phá hủy rừng để lấy gỗ, lấy đất trồng trọt và đô thị hóa.[3]
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Bài viết về họ Rắn lục này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Bothriechis schlegelii là một loài rắn trong họ Rắn lục. Loài này được Berthold mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1846.
許氏棕櫚蝮（学名：Bothriechis schlegelii）是一種蝮亚科毒蛇。它们分布於墨西哥南部到委內瑞拉北部的巴拿馬雨林地帶。此物種以在眼上方的眉棱鱗片為特色。許氏棕櫚蝮體長不到 3 英呎，體色多變，從金黃、紅底橙斑到綠底紅斑的色彩都有，是最常見的綠棕櫚蝮屬（genus Bothriechis）动物，因而常見於動物展覽中。其种加词为赫爾曼·施萊格爾，是一位德國鳥類學兼爬虫两栖类学學家。目前该物种暫無被認可的亞種。牠們隱藏於果樹花叢中，鮮豔的色彩可使牠們完全融入背景。許氏棕櫚蝮潛藏在樹冠層中狩獵，牠們攻擊速度高達 13 英尺，在咬住獵物後會緊咬不放，防止獵物掉落。許氏棕櫚蝮經常會潛藏在果園中，果農有時會不經意的侵犯到牠們而激起許氏棕櫚蝮的防禦性。許氏棕櫚蝮的毒液會破壞傷口周圍的血液組織，並順著血液直達心臟，破壞控制心臟的橫膈膜，最後導致心跳停止。
許氏棕櫚蝮蛇是蝮蛇属中是較小的種。其成年體長可達 55–82 厘米（22–32 英呎），其中雌性體長更長，體長更多變。雌性體長可達 69 釐米（27 英呎）長。許氏棕櫚蝮蛇有着寬且三角形的頭部，垂直方向瞳孔的眼睛。如同其他蝮蛇，其屬於管牙類毒蛇，在上顎有著皮下注射器般的獠牙，處於非使用狀態時獠牙摺叠在後部。許氏棕櫚蝮蛇有感知熱量的器官（或稱“頰窩”），在鼻孔與眼睛之間，分佈於頭部兩側。
許氏棕櫚蝮蛇最具特點的是其眼睛上方酷似睫毛的變性鱗片，由此而來其英文俗名（eyelash viper）。一般認爲這些“眼睫毛”在偽裝中會起到作用，在其藏身的多樹葉環境中可以迷惑其外形。許氏棕櫚蝮蛇在顔色上有許多變化，其顔色涵蓋了紅色、黃色、棕色、綠色、甚至有粉色，并且也包括這些顔色的混合。許氏棕櫚蝮蛇通常在其底色上黑色和棕色的斑點。對於性別，僅通過外部特徵是無法分辨的。
許氏棕櫚蝮蛇的地理分佈從南墨西哥（即北 恰帕斯州）, 向東南延伸至大西洋平原低地直到中美洲和南美洲北部的哥伦比亚和委內瑞拉分佈。 在 Pacific versant 和哥斯达黎加、巴拿马、哥伦比亚、厄瓜多尔、秘鲁的部分低地也有分佈。除上述之外，也有分佈在海拔從幾乎海平面到 2,640米（8,660英尺） 高度的Mesic habitat（英语：Mesic habitat）中。此物种被发现的地点是"波帕揚"（波帕扬，哥倫比亞）。
許氏棕櫚蝮蛇喜好有大量樹葉的低海拔、潮濕的热带地區，通常距離不會枯竭的水源不遠。[1]
一項研究發現許氏棕櫚蝮蛇喜好深且陰暗的溝壑.[2]
就像其他棕榈蝮属的成員，許氏棕櫚蝮蛇是树栖（英语：Arboreal_locomotion）的，有强壯的抓握尾（英语：Prehensile_tail）。許氏棕櫚蝮蛇大部分是夜行性的，以小型啮齿目，无尾目, 蜥蜴和小型鸟爲食。[3] 許氏棕櫚蝮蛇通常不具攻擊性，但其在被騷擾時會不假思索地進行攻擊。
許氏棕櫚蝮蛇是典型的伏擊型掠食者。它會耐心地等待沒有戒備心的獵物走過。有時許氏棕櫚蝮蛇選擇一個特定的埋伏點，并且每年都及時趕回以為春天的鳥類遷徙做準備。研究表明，隨著時間推移，許氏棕櫚蝮蛇 學習提高攻擊的準確度。[1] 有時許氏棕櫚蝮蛇（特別是青年時期）會采用“尾巴做誘餌”，模仿蠕蟲的動作搖擺尾巴以引誘潛在的獵物走進攻擊距離。
民間傳說講到：在南美洲的一些小型區域，許氏棕櫚蝮蛇會向其受害者眨並閃爍它的"睫毛"，接下來便是有毒的攻擊。蛇在生理上是不能這樣做的。因爲它們沒有眼皮並且無法閉眼。[4]
許氏棕櫚蝮蛇在大約兩年後即性成熟，并且卵胎生的物種在一年中溫暖的環境下生產。[3] 雌性會在爲期六個月的時間裏携帶著卵，直到孵化。在卵中，新一代完成生長。[3] 懷孕的雌性有著擴大的下腹部，并在孕期後階段可能會停止進食。[3] 雌性在特定的窩中，孵化出 2–20 只後代，這些後代身長 15～20 cm（5.9～7.9英寸） 并且在身體形態上與成年相仿。[3]
雄性有時會參加被稱作“dance of the adders”，時常達數小時的求愛儀式，其中兩隻雄性擺姿勢並以直立模仿對方，保持"如同眼鏡蛇"一般的姿勢直到一方被推走或摔在地面上。[3] 許氏棕櫚蝮蛇是一夫多妻制的，通常在夜晚交配。[3]
儘管許氏棕櫚蝮蛇有毒，在有毒動物交易中它很常見。除此之外，許氏棕櫚蝮蛇在全世界的動物園中也有很多展出。爲了顔色與圖案，許氏棕櫚蝮蛇經常被圈養。從野外引進許氏棕櫚蝮蛇不像往常那樣常見了，但不是沒有此類現象存在。大體上捕捉許氏棕櫚蝮蛇非常便利，用老鼠也很容易飼養。
一些權威機構[谁？]辨認出山地生态学的亞種（B. s. supraciliaris）或是一個物種 （B. supraciliaris）。[5] 在位於哥斯达黎加的圣何塞省_(哥斯达黎加)。[6] 有些時候它被認作 eyelash mountain viper，[5] 而最近的出版物指定其為大斑點 palm-pitviper。[7][8]
許氏棕櫚蝮蛇目前尚未經IUCN Red List評估，并且在 2002 年從 CITES Appendix III 中移除。[3] 雖然沒有被列爲「受威脅」，它們仍然處於由於木材需求、農業、與城市化引起的棲息地喪失危機中。[3]
許氏棕櫚蝮（学名：Bothriechis schlegelii）是一種蝮亚科毒蛇。它们分布於墨西哥南部到委內瑞拉北部的巴拿馬雨林地帶。此物種以在眼上方的眉棱鱗片為特色。許氏棕櫚蝮體長不到 3 英呎，體色多變，從金黃、紅底橙斑到綠底紅斑的色彩都有，是最常見的綠棕櫚蝮屬（genus Bothriechis）动物，因而常見於動物展覽中。其种加词为赫爾曼·施萊格爾，是一位德國鳥類學兼爬虫两栖类学學家。目前该物种暫無被認可的亞種。牠們隱藏於果樹花叢中，鮮豔的色彩可使牠們完全融入背景。許氏棕櫚蝮潛藏在樹冠層中狩獵，牠們攻擊速度高達 13 英尺，在咬住獵物後會緊咬不放，防止獵物掉落。許氏棕櫚蝮經常會潛藏在果園中，果農有時會不經意的侵犯到牠們而激起許氏棕櫚蝮的防禦性。許氏棕櫚蝮的毒液會破壞傷口周圍的血液組織，並順著血液直達心臟，破壞控制心臟的橫膈膜，最後導致心跳停止。
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