dcsimg

Biology ( 英語 )

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Breeding may take place throughout the year, but tends to reach a peak in spring and early summer (2). The sexes are separate (individuals are either male or female), and fertilisation occurs internally after copulation (2). The white egg masses are typically kidney-shaped or oval (3), and contain up to 280 eggs (2). They are usually laid on the fronds of the brown seaweeds on which the species feeds but may also occur on the rock surface (2). The crawling young hatch four weeks after the eggs are laid. The young periwinkles become sexually mature at around 2 years of age, and they typically live for a total of three years (2).
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Conservation ( 英語 )

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Not relevant.
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Description ( 英語 )

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Periwinkles are a large family of gastropod molluscs found on the shore. The flat periwinkle is so-called because the spire of the shell is flattened (2). The tear-drop shaped aperture is large (3), and the colour is variable depending on the habitat. It is usually olive-green but may be brown, yellow, banded or have a criss-cross pattern (2). Lighter colours are associated with sheltered shores (3).
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Habitat ( 英語 )

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This periwinkle is closely associated with brown seaweeds, especially Ascophyllum nodosum, Fucus vesiculosus and Fucus serratus on which it feeds. It occurs on the mid-shore to lower tidal levels and may occasionally occur in the sublittoral (2).
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Range ( 英語 )

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This species is common on all British shores where brown seaweeds are found (3). It has a wide distribution in north-west Europe (2) and is found from Northern Norway to the south of Spain and is absent from the Mediterranean (4) (3).
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Status ( 英語 )

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Not threatened (2).
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Threats ( 英語 )

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This species is not threatened.
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Brief Summary ( 荷蘭、佛萊明語 )

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De stompe alikruik is kleiner dan de gewone alikruik, maar kan toch opvallen vanwege zijn mooie kleuren. Er zijn stompe alikruiken met gele, oranje en groene huisjes, maar soms kun je zelfs blauwgrijze fossielen vinden. Van alle alikruiken kan deze soort het minst goed tegen uitdroging. Hij leeft ook wat dieper dan andere soorten, om te voorkomen dat hij droogvalt tijdens laagwater. Als dat toch gebeurt kruipt hij met zijn snelste slakkengangetje onder een wierplant of een steen.
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Brief Summary ( 英語 )

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Flat periwinkles are smaller than common periwinkles, but stand out due to their bright colors. The shell can vary between yellow, orange, brown or green, and even blue-gray fossils are found. Of all periwinkle species, this species is the least resistant to dehydration during low tide. Therefore, it lives deeper than other periwinkles in order to avoid lying exposed during low tide. Should that happen, it crawls at its fastest snail rate under a seaweed or stone.
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Breeding Season ( 英語 )

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Costello, D.P. and C. Henley (1971). Methods for obtaining and handling marine eggs and embryos. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA (Second Edition)
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Care of Adults ( 英語 )

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Cleavage and Gastrulation ( 英語 )

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Egg Characteristics ( 英語 )

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Later Stages of Development ( 英語 )

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Living Material ( 英語 )

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Obtaining Gametes ( 英語 )

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Rate of Development ( 英語 )

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Special comments ( 英語 )

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Bigorn togn ( 布列塔尼語 )

由wikipedia BR提供
lang="br" dir="ltr">
Ur pennad bigorn zo ivez.

Ar bigorn togn (Littorina obtusata pe Littorina littoralis) zo ur blotvil gasteropod.

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Littorina obtusata ( 加泰隆語 )

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Littorina obtusata és una espècie de caragol de mar, un mol·lusc gastròpode de la família Littorinidae.[1] Habita allà on creixen les algues brunes marines. Es troba a la Mar Bàltica, en aigües europees de Noruega fins al sud d'Espanya, al Mar Mediterrani, i al nord-oest de l'oceà Atlàntic vorejant el golf de Maine. La closca més grossa registrada tenia una longitud de 13,5 mm.[2]

Es pot trobar a la zona sublitoral i a les costes rocoses i molls, en general sobre les algues brunes del gènere Fucus. La profunditat mínima registrada és de 0 m[2] i la màxima, de 110 m.[2] L'hàbitat defineix el seu color: a les costes més arrecerades, té un color més clar i uniforme (groc, marró, taronja o verd oliva). A les costes més exposades, el seu color és més fosc i a quadres.

Referències

  1. 1,0 1,1 Littorina obtusata (Linnaeus, 1758). Accedit a través de: World Register of Marine Species a http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=140263.
  2. 2,0 2,1 2,2 Welch J. J. (2010). "The "Island Rule" and Deep-Sea Gastropods: Re-Examining the Evidence". PLoS ONE 5(1): e8776. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008776

Bibliografia

  • Backeljau, T. (1986). Lijst van de recente mariene mollusken van België [List of the recent marine molluscs of Belgium]. Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen: Brussels, Belgium. 106 pp
  • Reid, D.G. (1989a) The comparative morphology, phylogeny and evolution of the gastropod family Littorinidae. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B 324: 1-110
  • Reid D.G. (1996). Systematics and evolution of Littorina. The Ray Society 463p
  • BODC (2009). Species list from the British Oceanographic Data Centre

Enllaços externs

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Littorina obtusata: Brief Summary ( 加泰隆語 )

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Littorina obtusata és una espècie de caragol de mar, un mol·lusc gastròpode de la família Littorinidae. Habita allà on creixen les algues brunes marines. Es troba a la Mar Bàltica, en aigües europees de Noruega fins al sud d'Espanya, al Mar Mediterrani, i al nord-oest de l'oceà Atlàntic vorejant el golf de Maine. La closca més grossa registrada tenia una longitud de 13,5 mm.

Es pot trobar a la zona sublitoral i a les costes rocoses i molls, en general sobre les algues brunes del gènere Fucus. La profunditat mínima registrada és de 0 m i la màxima, de 110 m. L'hàbitat defineix el seu color: a les costes més arrecerades, té un color més clar i uniforme (groc, marró, taronja o verd oliva). A les costes més exposades, el seu color és més fosc i a quadres.

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Littorina obtusata ( 英語 )

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Littorina obtusata, common name the flat periwinkle, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Littorinidae, the winkles or periwinkles.[1]

Distribution

This marine species occurs wherever brown seaweeds grow. It is widely distributed : the Baltic Sea, in European waters from Norway down to Southern Spain, in the Mediterranean Sea, in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean along the Gulf of Maine.

Description

The maximum recorded shell length is 13.5 mm.[2]

L. obtusata: various shell colours

Habitat

This species can be found in the littoral and sublittoral zone on rocky shores and piers, usually on brown algae of the genus Fucus. Minimum recorded depth is 0 m.[2] Maximum recorded depth is 110 m.[2] The habitat may define its color. On sheltered shores it has a lighter and uniform color (yellow, brown, orange or olive green). On exposed shores its color is darker and chequered.

References

Notes
  1. ^ a b Littorina obtusata (Linnaeus, 1758). Gofas, S. (2010). Littorina obtusata (Linnaeus, 1758). In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=140263 on 6 June 2010 .
  2. ^ a b c Welch J. J. (2010). "The "Island Rule" and Deep-Sea Gastropods: Re-Examining the Evidence". PLoS ONE 5(1): e8776. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008776.
Bibliography
  • Backeljau, T. (1986). Lijst van de recente mariene mollusken van België [List of the recent marine molluscs of Belgium]. Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen: Brussels, Belgium. 106 pp
  • Reid, D.G. (1989a) The comparative morphology, phylogeny and evolution of the gastropod family Littorinidae. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B 324: 1–110
  • Reid D.G. (1996). Systematics and evolution of Littorina. The Ray Society 463p
  • BODC (2009). Species list from the British Oceanographic Data Centre

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Littorina obtusata: Brief Summary ( 英語 )

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Littorina obtusata, common name the flat periwinkle, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Littorinidae, the winkles or periwinkles.

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Littorina obtusata ( 西班牙、卡斯蒂利亞西班牙語 )

由wikipedia ES提供

El bígaro chato (Littorina obtusata) es una especie de molusco gasterópodo de la familia Littorinidae.[1]

Descripción

 src=
Diferentes conchas de bígaro chato.

Su concha es globosa, lisa, con la espiral corta y muy roma, de coloración muy variable, aunque normalmente de un solo color, pudiendo ser amarillo, verde, marrón rojizo, rojo anaranjado, casi blanco o negro, a veces con bandas de tonalidad más clara.[2]

Puede alcanzar un tamaño máximo de 15 mm.[3]

Distribución

Es propio del Atlántico norte, encontrándose en las costas de América del Norte, desde Groenlandia hasta Nueva Jersey (Estados Unidos),[3]​ y en Europa occidental, desde Islandia hasta las islas Azores, así como en el mar del Norte y el mar Báltico.[2]

Comportamiento

Aunque soporta grandes oscilaciones en el índice de salinidad, difiere del bígaro común (Littorina littorea) en el poco tiempo de resiste fuera del agua.[2]​ La época de desove tiene lugar entre marzo y octubre.[4]​ Su desarrollo es directo, sin fase larvaria.[2]

Subespecies

Se reconocen las siguientes subespecies:[1]

Referencias

  1. a b Sistema Integrado de Información Taxonómica. «Littorina obtusata (TSN 70420)» (en inglés).
  2. a b c d Fechter, R. y Falkner, G. (1993). Moluscos, Moluscos Europeos Marinos y de Interior. Barcelona, España: Ediciones Blume. p. 290. ISBN 84-8076-019-2.
  3. a b Gofas, S. (2011). World Register of Marine Species, ed. «Littorina obtusata (Linnaeus, 1758)». Consultado el 7 de febrero de 2012.
  4. Riedl, R. (2011). Fauna y Flora del Mar Mediterráneo. Barcelona, España: Ediciones Omega. p. 904. ISBN 978-84-282-0767-6.

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Littorina obtusata: Brief Summary ( 西班牙、卡斯蒂利亞西班牙語 )

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El bígaro chato (Littorina obtusata) es una especie de molusco gasterópodo de la familia Littorinidae.​

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Þangdoppa ( 冰島語 )

由wikipedia IS提供

Þangdoppa (fræðiheiti: Littorina obtusata) er sæsnigill af fjörudoppuætt.

Útbreiðsla

Þangdoppu má finna víðast þar sem þang vex við strendur Norður-Atlantshafs. Útbreidd í Evrópu, frá Noregi, Eystrasalti og Norðursjó, til suðurstrandar Spánar. Á austurströnd Norður-Ameríku lifir hún við strendur Nýfundnalands og allt suður til New Jersey í Bandaríkjunum. Við Ísland er Þangdoppa mjög algengur sæsnigill við suður-og vesturstöndina, eins hér og þar við norðvestur-og norðurland en sjaldgæfari við austurland.

Þangdoppa lifir á 0 til 6 metra dýpi, þó hefur stöku dýr fundist allt niður á 110 metra dýpi. Þangdoppa heldur sig að mestu leiti í miðri fjörunni eða neðst í henni. Í hnullunga og þangfjörum og þar sem þang er mikið og er aðallega á klóþangi, bóluþangi og sagþangi.

Skelin (kuðungurinn)

 src=
Þangdoppa finnst í mörgum litbrigðum. Þessir kuðungar voru tíndir í Fossvoginum en þar í fjörunni má finna mikið af þeim.

Þangdoppa verður stærst um 14,8 mm á breidd og 12,5 mm á hæð. Kuðungurinn er mjög traustur, einlitur, en litaafbrigði mörg, ólífugrænn, skærgulur, rauður, appelsínugulur, grágrænn, jafnvel röndóttur, þótt oftast sé hann dökkgrár eða brúnn. Algengast er að í sólríkum fjörum sé kuðungurinn ljósari á lit en dekkri í þeim skuggsælli.

Hyrnan á kuðungnum er afar stutt og ekki strýtumynduð. Vindingar 5 til 6, kúptir og er grunnvindingurinn mjög stór eða oftast um 90% af hæð kuðungsins og munnurinn dropalaga og mjög víður og er skelin greinilega þykkari við munnopið en annars staðar. Lokan er hringlaga og brún á lit. Efri vindingar kuðungsins ná lítið eða ekkert upp fyrir neðsta vindinginn. Yfirborðið slétt með nær engum snigilrákum en kuðungurinn getur þó verið með dálitlum afbrigðum í lögun.

Almennt

Þangdoppa lifir á örsmáum þörungum sem eru á þangi, sem hún skrapar af með skráptungu sem er alsett hörðum tönnum. Sjaldnast nær hún þó að éta þangið sjálft nema mjög ungar plöntur.

Hún verpir eggjum sem hún kemur fyrir í litlum gagnsæjum slímpúðum sem hún festir við þangið. Eggin klekjast út á fjórum til fimm vikum og þegar ungarnir skríða úr eggjunum eru þeir eins í útliti og foreldrarnir, aðeins minni.

Klettadoppa sem einnig lifir í fjörum, getur líkst þangdoppu fljótt á litið og þeim því stundum ruglað saman. Hún þekkist þó frá þangdoppunni á því að vindingarnir enda í trjónu. Klettadoppan lifir ofar í fjörunni en þangdoppan, oftast ofan við þangið.[1]

Þangdoppa, sem og klettadoppa, eru mikilvæg fæða margra strandfugla eins og Stelks, Tildru og Sendlings.[2]

Tilvísanir

  1. „Fjaran og hafið“. Hafransóknarstofnun og Námsgagnastofnun. Sótt 3. janúar 2012.
  2. „Vaðfuglar“. Náttúrufræðistofa Kópavogs. Sótt 3. janúar 2012.

Heimildir

  • Ingimar Óskarsson (1962). Skeldýrafána Íslands II, sæsniglar með skel.
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Þangdoppa: Brief Summary ( 冰島語 )

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Þangdoppa (fræðiheiti: Littorina obtusata) er sæsnigill af fjörudoppuætt.

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Littorina obtusata ( 義大利語 )

由wikipedia IT提供

Littorina obtusata (Linnaeus, 1758) è un mollusco gasteropode marino della famiglia Littorinidae[1], comunemente nota come pervinca piatta.

Descrizione

 src=
L. obtusata: i vari colori della conchiglia

La lunghezza massima registrata della conchiglia è 13,5 mm.[2]

Distribuzione e habitat

Questa specie marina è presente ovunque crescano le alghe brune. È ampiamente distribuita: nel Mar Baltico, nelle acque europee dalla Norvegia fino alla Spagna meridionale, nel Mar Mediterraneo, nell'Oceano Atlantico nord-occidentale, in particolare lungo il Golfo del Maine.

Questa specie può essere rinvenuta nella zona litorale e sublitorale su sponde rocciose e moli, solitamente nei pressi di alghe brune del genere Fucus. La profondità minima registrata è 0 m.[2] La profondità massima registrata è di 110 m. L'habitat può cambiare il colore della conghiglia. Sulle rive riparate ha un colore più chiaro e uniforme (giallo, marrone, arancio o verde oliva), sulle rive esposte il suo colore è più scuro e quadrettato.

Note

  1. ^ (EN) MolluscaBase eds. 2020, Littorina obtusata (Linnaeus, 1758), in WoRMS (World Register of Marine Species). URL consultato il 28/8/2020.
  2. ^ a b Welch J. J. (2010). "The "Island Rule" and Deep-Sea Gastropods: Re-Examining the Evidence". PLoS ONE 5(1): e8776. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008776.

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Littorina obtusata: Brief Summary ( 義大利語 )

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Littorina obtusata (Linnaeus, 1758) è un mollusco gasteropode marino della famiglia Littorinidae, comunemente nota come pervinca piatta.

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Stompe alikruik ( 荷蘭、佛萊明語 )

由wikipedia NL提供

De stompe alikruik (Littorina obtusata) is een slakkensoort uit de familie van de Littorinidae.[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1758 door Linnaeus.

Kenmerken

Dit dier heeft een afgeplatte en zeer stompe top en een tamelijk stevige schelp met platte windingen, waarvan de laatste duidelijk groter is. Het schelpoppervlak vertoont slechts groeilijnen. De hoogte bedraagt 1,5 cm en de breedte 1,7 cm.

De schelp is vaak felgekleurd. Er komen gele, bruine, groen of soms oranje exemplaren voor, effen of met kleurbanden. De kleur is meestal aangepast aan de leefomgeving: op beschutte kusten komen lichtere schelpen voor, op wier levende schelpen bevatten de kleur van de wiersoort.

Leefwijze

Deze soort kan niet goed tegen uitdroging. Om dit te voorkomen, leeft het dier dan ook in iets diepere wateren. Mocht het waterpeil desondanks een zeer laag niveau bereiken, dan haast het dier zich met zijn snelste slakkengangetje onder een wierplant of een steen. Zijn voedsel bestaat in hoofdzaak uit bruinwieren.

Verspreiding en leefgebied

Deze soort komt voor in Europa van Noord-Noorwegen tot de westelijke Middellandse Zee en westelijke Oostzee, maar ook aan de Amerikaanse oostkust van Labrador tot New Jersey. Ze komen voor aan de voet van dijken en pieren tot enkele meters diep, maar leven dieper dan de gewone alikruik.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. Gofas, S. (2013). Littorina obtusata (Linnaeus, 1758). Geraadpleegd via: World Register of Marine Species op http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=140263
  • David Burnie (2001) - Animals, Dorling Kindersley Limited, London. ISBN 90-18-01564-4 (naar het Nederlands vertaald door Jaap Bouwman en Henk J. Nieuwenkamp).
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Stompe alikruik: Brief Summary ( 荷蘭、佛萊明語 )

由wikipedia NL提供

De stompe alikruik (Littorina obtusata) is een slakkensoort uit de familie van de Littorinidae. De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1758 door Linnaeus.

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Butt strandsnegl ( 挪威語 )

由wikipedia NO提供
 src=
Foto: Sandy Rae

Butt strandsnegl, tangsnegl eller grisetangsnegl, (Littorina obtusata (Linnaeus, 1758) ) er et bløtdyr og tilhører strandsneglene. Navnet butt strandsnegl kommer av at skallets spir er butt, sammentrykt.

Skallet er vanligvis gult og rundt, uten en spiss spiral. Det ligner blærene i blære-, grise-, og sagtang. Den har ikke utviklet lunge, slik som enkelte andre snegler i tidevannsonen. Og er derfor ikke så motstandsdyktig overfor lengre tids opphold i luft.

Butt strandsnegl lever like under tidevannsonen på blære-, gris- og sagtang. 0-10 meters dyp.

Butt strandsnegl legger egg på tang.

Systematisk inndeling

Treliste

Eksterne lenker

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Butt strandsnegl: Brief Summary ( 挪威語 )

由wikipedia NO提供
 src= Foto: Sandy Rae

Butt strandsnegl, tangsnegl eller grisetangsnegl, (Littorina obtusata (Linnaeus, 1758) ) er et bløtdyr og tilhører strandsneglene. Navnet butt strandsnegl kommer av at skallets spir er butt, sammentrykt.

Skallet er vanligvis gult og rundt, uten en spiss spiral. Det ligner blærene i blære-, grise-, og sagtang. Den har ikke utviklet lunge, slik som enkelte andre snegler i tidevannsonen. Og er derfor ikke så motstandsdyktig overfor lengre tids opphold i luft.

Butt strandsnegl lever like under tidevannsonen på blære-, gris- og sagtang. 0-10 meters dyp.

Butt strandsnegl legger egg på tang.

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Littorina obtusata ( 越南語 )

由wikipedia VI提供

Littorina obtusata, tên tiếng Anh: flat periwinkle, là một loài ốc biển, là động vật thân mềm chân bụng sống ở biển trong họ Littorinidae.[1]

Phân bố

Miêu tả

Chiều dài tối đa của vỏ ốc được ghi nhận là 13.5 mm.[2]

Môi trường sống

Độ sâu tối thiểu được ghi nhận là 0 m.[2] Độ sâu tối đa được ghi nhận là 110 m.[2]

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ a ă Littorina obtusata (Linnaeus, 1758). Gofas, S. (2010). Littorina obtusata (Linnaeus, 1758). In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Truy cập qua Cơ sở dữ liệu sinh vật biển at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=140263 on 6 tháng 6 năm 2010.
  2. ^ a ă â Welch J. J. (2010). "The "Island Rule" and Deep-Sea Gastropods: Re-Examining the Evidence". PLoS ONE 5(1): e8776. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008776.

Tham khảo

 src= Phương tiện liên quan tới Littorina obtusata tại Wikimedia Commons


Bài viết liên quan nhánh ốc Caenogastropoda này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Littorina obtusata: Brief Summary ( 越南語 )

由wikipedia VI提供

Littorina obtusata, tên tiếng Anh: flat periwinkle, là một loài ốc biển, là động vật thân mềm chân bụng sống ở biển trong họ Littorinidae.

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Distribution ( 英語 )

由World Register of Marine Species提供
Range: 74°N to 39°N; 74°W to 0°W. Distribution: Greenland; Greenland: West Greenland; Canada; Canada: Labrador, Quebec, New Brunswick; USA: Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey

參考資料

North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS)

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Kennedy, Mary [email]
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