Description
provided by eFloras
Annual herb, erect or more rarely ascending, 10-75 (-100) cm. Stem rather slender, sparingly to considerably branched, angular, glabrous or more frequently increasingly hairy upwards (especially in the inflorescence) with short or longer and rather floccose multicellular hairs. Leaves glabrous or shortly to fairly long-pilose on the lower surface of the primary and most of the venation, long-petiolate (petioles up to c. 10 cm long and the longest commonly longer than the lamina), lamina deltoid-ovate to rhomboid-oblong, 2-7 x 1.5-5.5 cm, the margins occasionally obviously sinuate, shortly cuneate to sub-truncate below, obtuse and narrowly to clearly emarginate at the tip, minutely mucronate. Flowers green, in slender, axillary or terminal, often paniculate spikes c. 2.5-12 cm long and 2-5 mm wide, or in the lower part of the stem in dense axillary clusters to c. 7 mm in diameter; male and female flowers intermixed but the latter more numerous. Bracts and bracteoles deltoid-ovate to lanceolate-ovate, whitish-membranous with a very short, pale or reddish awn formed by the excurrent green midrib, bracteoles shorter than the perianth (c. 1 mm.). Perianth segments 3, very rarely 4, those of the male flowers oblong-oval, acute, concave, c. 1.5 mm, shortly mucronate; those of the female flowers narrowly oblong to narrowly spathulate, finally 1.25-1.75 mm, minutely mucronate or not, the borders white-membranous, midrib green and often thickened above. Stigmas 2-3, short, erect or almost so. Capsule subglobose, 1.25-1.5 mm, not or slightly exceeding the perianth, indehiscent or rupturing irregularly, very strongly rugose throughout. Seed c. 1-1.25 mm, round, only slightly compressed, dark brown to black with an often paler thick border, ± shining, reticulate and with shallow scurfy verrucae on the reticulum, the verrucae with the shape of the areolae.
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Description
provided by eFloras
Stem erect, green or somewhat tinged purple, 40-80 cm tall, conspicuously angulate, slightly branched, glabrous. Petiole 3-6 cm, green or somewhat tinged purple; leaf blade ovate, ovate-oblong, or ovate-elliptic, 3-9 × 2.5-6 cm, base broadly cuneate or subtruncate, margin entire or slightly undulate, apex notched or rounded, with a pointed mucro. Complex thyrsoid structures terminal, 6-12 × 1.5-3 cm, branched, composed of spikes; spikes erect, slender, terminal ones longer than lateral ones; rachis 2-2.5 cm. Bracts and bracteoles lanceolate, shorter than 1 mm, apex pointed. Tepals oblong or broadly oblanceolate, 1.2-1.5 mm, apex acute. Stamens shorter than perianth; stigmas 3 or 2. Utricles green, longer than perianth, globose, slightly compressed, ca. 2 mm in diam., very rugose, indehiscent. Seeds black or brownish black, subglobose, ca. 1 mm in diam. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 34.
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Description
provided by eFloras
Plants annual, sometimes short-lived perennial in tropics and subtropics, glabrous. Stems erect, simple or with lateral branches (especially distally), 0.2-1 m. Leaves: petiole 1/2-11/2 as long as blade; blade rhombic-ovate or ovate, 1-7 × 0.5-5 cm, base rounded, cuneate, or attenuate, margins entire, plane, apex obtuse, rounded, or emarginate, mucronate. Inflorescences slender spikes aggregated into elongate terminal panicles, also from distal axils, green, leafless at least distally. Bracts of pistillate flowers ovate to lanceolate, 1 mm, shorter than tepals. Pistillate flowers: tepals 3, narrowly elliptic, obovate-elliptic or spatulate, not clawed, ± equal, 1.2-1.7 mm, apex rounded or nearly acute, mucronate or not; style branches erect; stigmas 3. Staminate flowers inconspicuous, mostly at tips of inflorescences; tepals 3; stamens 3. Utricles ovoid to compressed-ovoid, 1-1.6 mm, equaling or slightly exceeding tepals, prominently or faintly rugose, indehiscent. Seeds black or dark brown, subglobose to thick-lenticular, 1 mm diam., minutely punctulate, rather dull.
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Distribution
provided by eFloras
Pantropical.
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Distribution
provided by eFloras
Distribution: Perhaps the most widely distributed and common species of the genus, found throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, and penetrating further into the temperate regions than most of the tropical species. A common weed of waste and cultivated ground in Pakistan, ascending to at least 1220 m.
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Distribution
provided by eFloras
introduced; Ala., Ariz., Ark., Fla., Ga., La., Mass., Mich., Miss., N.Mex., N.Y., N.C., Okla., Pa., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va.; native to South America; introduced in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide.
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Elevation Range
provided by eFloras
150-1200 m
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Flowering/Fruiting
provided by eFloras
Flowering summer-fall.
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Habitat
provided by eFloras
Fields, railroads, lawns, gardens, waste areas, other disturbed habitats; 0-1000m.
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Habitat & Distribution
provided by eFloras
Fields, waste places. All provinces except for NW China and Xizang [pantropical].
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Synonym
provided by eFloras
Euxolus viridis (Linnaeus) Moquin-Tandon.
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Synonym
provided by eFloras
Amaranthus gracilis Desfontaines ex Poiret
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Insects whose larvae eat this plant species
provided by Flora of Zimbabwe
Zizeeria knysna (Sooty blue)
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- bibliographic citation
- Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Amaranthus viridis L. Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=122230
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- Mark Hyde
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- Petra Ballings
Distribution
(
Spanish; Castilian
)
provided by IABIN
II, III, IV, IX
Comprehensive Description
provided by North American Flora
Amaranthus gracilis Desf. Tabl. Bot. 43. 1804
Chenopodium caudatum Jacq. Coll. 2: 325. 1788. Not Amaranthus caudatus h. 1753. Albersia gracilis Webb. & Berth. Phyt. Canar. 3: 287. 1836. Euxolus caudatus Moq. in DC. Prodr. 13 2 : 274. 1849. Euxolus caudatus gracilis Moq. in DC. Prodr. 13 2 : 274. 1849. Euxolus caudatus maximus Moq. in DC. Prodr, 13 2 : 274. 1849.
Stems rather slender, erect, 2-9 dm. high, with numerous ascending branches, glabrous, smooth; petioles slender, 1-8 cm. long; leaf -blades ovate or rhombic-ovate, 2-8 cm. long, rounded or narrowed at the apex, the tip emarginate, rounded to broadly cuneate at the base, thin, deep-green, glabrous, prominently nerved; flowers monoecious, in slender, axillary or terminal, often paniculate spikes 4—12 cm. long and 4-8 mm, thick, dense short clusters often present in the axils below the spikes; bracts ovate to lanceolate, acute, scarious, much shorter than the flowers; sepals 3, oblong to linear-oblong, acute or obtuse, cuspidate, 1-1.5 mm. long, equaling or shorter than the utricle; stamens 3; style-branches 3; utricle globose, thinwalled, strongly rugose, green; seed rotund, about 1 mm. in diameter, black or dark reddish-brown, dull.
TypB locality: Guinea.
Distribution: Waste ground, Florida; adventive in North Carolina and Alabama, and on
- bibliographic citation
- Paul Carpenter Standley. 1917. (CHENOPODIALES); AMARANTHACEAE. North American flora. vol 21(2). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
Comprehensive Description
provided by North American Flora
Amaranthus viridis LSp. PI. ed. 2. 1405. 1763
Pyxidium viride Moench, Meth. 359. 1794. Glomeraria viridis Cav. Descr. PI. 319. 1802. Amaranthus ascendens Loisel. Not. PL France 141. 1810. Euxolus viridis Moq. in DC. Prodr. 13 2 : 273. 1849. Euxolus viridis ascendens Moq. in DC. Prodr. 13 2 : 274. 1849.
Amaranthus emarginatus Salzm.; (Moq. in DC. Prodr. 13 2 : 274, as synonym. 1849) Uline & Bray^ Bot. Gaz. 19: 319. 1894.
Stems slender, succulent, much branched from the base, the branches glabrous, ascending or prostrate, 1-6 dm. long; leaves usually few and rather distant, the petioles slender, 4-20 mm. PART 2, 1917] AMARANTHACEAE 119
long, the blades rhombic-ovate, 1-3 cm. long, deeply emarginate, the lobes broad and rounded, rounded to broadly cuneate at the base, fleshy, deep-green, often tinged with purple, glabrous, prominently nerved; flowers monoecious, mostly in small few-flowered axillary clusters much shorter than the petioles, the branches commonly terminated by a slender or stout spike 1 cm. long or less; bracts lanceolate or ovate, acute, scarious, equaling or shorter than the sepals; sepals 3, those of the staminate flowers oblong, acute, 1.5 mm. long, those of the pistillate flowers oblong to narrowly oblong-oblanceolate, obtuse, much shorter than the utricle; stamens
■
3; style-branches 3, very short; utricle 1.5 mm. high, globose-ovoid, smooth, thin-walled, indehiscent; seed rotund, 0.8 mm. in diameter, dark reddish-brown, shining.
Type locality: Jamaica.
Distribution: Waste ground, Louisiana and Texas and the West Indies; adventive about New York City; also in tropical South America, Asia, and Africa, and the Pacific Islands.
- bibliographic citation
- Paul Carpenter Standley. 1917. (CHENOPODIALES); AMARANTHACEAE. North American flora. vol 21(2). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
Amarant gràcil
(
Catalan; Valencian
)
provided by wikipedia CA
L'amarant gràcil o blet verd (Amaranthus viridis) és una espècie d'amarant cosmopolita.[1] Es considera com a planta invasora a Catalunya.[2]
Té la tija erecta tintada de porpra o un poc verda; arriba a fer 40-80 cm d'alt. Les llavors són de color negre, subgloboses, d'1 mm de diàmetre. Floreix de juny a agost.
Gastronomia
Amaranthus viridis es fa servir com a planta comestible al nord-est de l'Índia, a l'estat de Manipur, també a Kerala. A Grècia aquesta espècie rep el nom de vlita (βλήτα) i se serveix bullida i amb oli d'oliva i llimona. També es consumeix en algunes zones africanes.[3] A Jamaica es menja com a verdura i rep el nom de callaloo. A les Maldives se'n fa un plat anomenat mas huni.[4]
L'amarant gràcil es fa servir a l'Ayurveda com a herba medicinal amb el nom sànscrit de Tanduliya.[5]
Referències
Enllaços externs
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Amarant gràcil: Brief Summary
(
Catalan; Valencian
)
provided by wikipedia CA
L'amarant gràcil o blet verd (Amaranthus viridis) és una espècie d'amarant cosmopolita. Es considera com a planta invasora a Catalunya.
Té la tija erecta tintada de porpra o un poc verda; arriba a fer 40-80 cm d'alt. Les llavors són de color negre, subgloboses, d'1 mm de diàmetre. Floreix de juny a agost.
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Rukuɓu
(
Hausa
)
provided by wikipedia emerging languages
Rukuɓu (Amaranthus viridis)
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Tupuʻa
(
Tongan
)
provided by wikipedia emerging languages
Ko e tupuʻa pe longolongoʻuha ko e fuʻu ʻakau siʻi ia, ko e ʻakau vao ia. ʻOku ui foki ko e Amaranthus gracilis.
Ngaahi faʻahinga kehekehe
- tupuʻa, longolongoʻuha; koʻeni
- tupuʻa, longolongoʻuha, A. blitum; ʻoku tātātaha ʻi Tongá ni pea mo Tahisi ē.
-
longolongo; ko e ʻakau kehe ʻaupito
- longolongoʻuha
Hingoa ʻi he ngaahi lea kehe
- katule (lea fakaniuē)
- ʻeaʻeamata, huinihera, upoʻoti (lea fakatahisi)
- ʻaheahea, pakai, pākaikai, pakapakai (lea fakahauaiʻi)
- ʻautasi (lea fakahaʻamoa)
- vaʻine ʻara, puʻekao (lea fakakuki)
- puaio, upoʻotiʻi (lea fakamākuise)
- moca, driti, gasau ni vuka, tubua (lea fakafisi)
Tataku
Ko e kupu ʻeni ko e potuʻi ia (stub). ʻIo, ko koe, kātaki tokoni mai ʻi hono .
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Tupuʻa: Brief Summary
(
Tongan
)
provided by wikipedia emerging languages
Ko e tupuʻa pe longolongoʻuha ko e fuʻu ʻakau siʻi ia, ko e ʻakau vao ia. ʻOku ui foki ko e Amaranthus gracilis.
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ಕೀರೆಸೊಪ್ಪಿನ ಗಿಡ
(
Kannada
)
provided by wikipedia emerging languages
ಕೀರೆಸೊಪ್ಪಿನ ಗಿಡ ಸೊಪ್ಪು ತರಕಾರಿಯಾಗಿ ಉಪಯೋಗದಲ್ಲಿರುವ ಒಂದು ಜಾತಿಯ ಗಿಡ.
ವೈಜ್ಞಾನಿಕ ವರ್ಗೀಕರಣ
ಅಮರಾಂತೇಸಿ ಕುಟುಂಬಕ್ಕೆ ಸೇರಿದ ಅಮರಾಂತಸ್ ವಿರಿಡಿಸ್ ಎಂಬ ವೈಜ್ಞಾನಿಕ ಹೆಸರಿನ ಏಕವಾರ್ಷಿಕ ಪರ್ಣಸಸಿ.ಮಲೆಯಾಳ ಭಾಷೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಇದಕ್ಕೆ ಕುಪ್ಪಚೀರ ಎಂಬ ಹೆಸರಿದೆ.ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತ ಭಾಷೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಇದಕ್ಕೆ ತಂಡುಲಿಯ ಎಂದು ಹೆಸರು.[೧]
ಲಕ್ಷಣಗಳು
ಇದು ಸುಮಾರು ಒಂದು ಅಡಿ ಎತ್ತರಕ್ಕೆ ಬೆಳೆಯುತ್ತದೆ. ಎಲೆಗೆ ತೊಟ್ಟು ಇದೆ; ಆಕಾರ ಕರನೆಯಂತೆ; ನಯವಾದ ಅಂಚು ಇದೆ; ತುದಿ ಮೊನಚು. ಎಲೆ ಹಸಿರಾಗಿದ್ದು ನಾಳರಚನೆ ತಳಭಾಗದಲ್ಲಿ ಪ್ರಧಾನವಾಗಿ ಕಾಣುತ್ತಿರುತ್ತದೆ. ಹೂಗಳು ಸ್ಪೈಕ್ ಮಾದರಿಯ ಗೊಂಚಲಿನಲ್ಲಿ ಸಮಾವೇಶಗೊಂಡಿವೆ.
ಉಪಯೋಗಗಳು
ಇದರ ಸೊಪ್ಪು ಅಗ್ಗವಾದ ತರಕಾರಿಯೆನಿಸಿದೆ. ಆರೋಗ್ಯದೃಷ್ಟಿಯಿಂದ ಇದು ಉತ್ಕ್ರಷ್ಟವಾದ ತರಕಾರಿ.
ಆಯುರ್ವೇದ ಔಷಧವಾಗಿ
ಈ ಸೊಪ್ಪು ಆಯುರ್ವೇದ ಔಷಧ ಪದ್ಧತಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಬಳಕೆಯಲ್ಲಿದೆ.[೨]
ಬೇಸಾಯ
ವರ್ಷದ ಎಲ್ಲ ಕಾಲದಲ್ಲೂ ಬೆಳೆಸಬಹುದಾದ ಕೀರೆಸೊಪ್ಪು ಭಾರತದಲ್ಲಿ ಬಡವಬಲ್ಲಿದರೆನ್ನದೆ ಎಲ್ಲರೂ ಬಳಸುವ ಜನಪ್ರಿಯ ತರಕಾರಿ. ಬೀಜ ಬಿತ್ತಿದ ಒಂದು ತಿಂಗಳಿಗೆ ಸೊಪ್ಪು ಬರುವುದರಿಂದ ಇದನ್ನು ತೋಟಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಹೇಗೋ ಹಾಗೆ ಮನೆಯ ಕೈತೋಟಗಳಲ್ಲೂ ಹಿತ್ತಿಲಲ್ಲೂ ಬೆಳೆಸುವರು. ಚೆನ್ನಾಗಿ ಹದಮಾಡಿದ ಭೂಮಿಯನ್ನು ಅನುಕೂಲಕ್ಕೆ ತಕ್ಕ ಹಾಗೆ ಪಾತಿ ಮಾಡಿ ಅವುಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಕೀರೆ ಬೀಜವನ್ನು ಬಿತ್ತಬೇಕು. 5-6 ದಿವಸಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಅವು ಮೊಳೆಯುತ್ತವೆ. ಆಲೂಗಡ್ಡೆ, ಈರುಳ್ಳಿ ಮುಂತಾದುವುಗಳೊಡನೆ ಮಿಶ್ರ ಬೆಳೆಯಾಗಿ ಬಿತ್ತಿದ ಕೀರೆ ಸಸ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ಬೇರುಸಮೇತ ಕೀಳುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಪಾತಿಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಶುದ್ಧ ಬೆಳೆಯಾಗಿ ಬಿತ್ತಿದ ಕೀರೆಸಸ್ಯವನ್ನು ಭೂಮಿಯ ಮೇಲುಭಾಗದಲ್ಲಿ 1" ಬಿಟ್ಟು ಕುಯ್ಯುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಅದು ಮತ್ತೆ ಚಿಗುರಿ ಸೊಪ್ಪಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಚಿಗುರನ್ನು ಇದೇ ರೀತಿ ಕುಯ್ಯಬಹುದು. ಕೀರೆಯ ಬೇರುಗಳನ್ನು ಸಹ ತರಕಾರಿಯಾಗಿ ಉಪಯೋಗಿಸಬಹುದು.
ಉಲ್ಲೇಖಗಳು
ಬಾಹ್ಯ ಸಂಪರ್ಕಗಳು
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ಕೀರೆಸೊಪ್ಪಿನ ಗಿಡ: Brief Summary
(
Kannada
)
provided by wikipedia emerging languages
ಕೀರೆಸೊಪ್ಪಿನ ಗಿಡ ಸೊಪ್ಪು ತರಕಾರಿಯಾಗಿ ಉಪಯೋಗದಲ್ಲಿರುವ ಒಂದು ಜಾತಿಯ ಗಿಡ.
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Amaranthus viridis
provided by wikipedia EN
Amaranthus viridis is a cosmopolitan species in the botanical family Amaranthaceae and is commonly known as slender amaranth or green amaranth.
Description
Amaranthus viridis is an annual herb with an upright, light green stem that grows to about 60–80 cm in height. Numerous branches emerge from the base, and the leaves are ovate, 3–6 cm long, 2–4 cm wide, with long petioles of about 5 cm. The plant has terminal panicles with few branches, and small green flowers with 3 stamens.[1]
Uses
Amaranthus viridis is eaten as a boiled green or as a vegetable in many parts of the world.
In the Northeastern Indian state of Manipur, it is known as cheng-kruk; it is also eaten as a vegetable in South India, especially in Kerala, where it is known as kuppacheera കുപ്പച്ചീര. It is a common vegetable in Bengali cuisine, where it is called note shak ("shak" means leafy vegetable). It a very common vegetable used in Odia Cuisine as Saaga, namely as Kosila Saaga or Marshi Saag in rural areas.
It is also eaten as a vegetable in parts of Africa.[2] The leaves of this plant, known as massaagu in Dhivehi, have been used in the diet of the Maldives for centuries in dishes such as mas huni.[3] The Yoruba in West Africa name for this plant is Ewe Tete and is used for medicinal and spiritual purposes.
In the 19th Century A. viridus, or green amaranth was an item of food in Australia. The botanist Joseph Maiden wrote in 1889: "It is an excellent substitute for spinach, being far superior to much of the leaves of the white beet sold for spinach in Sydney. Next to spinach it seems to be most like boiled nettle leaves, which when young are used in England, and are excellent. This amarantus should be cooked like spinach, and as it becomes more widely known, it is sure to be popular, except amongst persons who may consider it beneath their dignity to have anything to do with so common a weed."[4][5]
Green amaranth also has clusters of nutty edible seeds, which can be eaten as snacks or used in biscuits. A porridge can be made by boiling the seeds in water. Unlike other amaranths, the seeds can be easily harvested by scraping the ripe spikes of seeds between the fingers.[4]
Amaranthus viridis is used as a medicinal herb in traditional Ayurvedic medicine, under the Sanskrit name Tanduliya.[6]
Nutrition
Green Amaranth can contain up to 38% protein by dry weight.[7] The leaves and seeds contain lysine, an essential amino acid.[7]
Related plants
The closely related Amaranthus blitum is also eaten. In Jamaica, it is known as callaloo. In Greece, it is known as vlita.
Amaranthus retroflexus is also edible, and sometimes goes by the name "green amaranth".[8]
References
-
^ Tanaka, Yoshitaka; Van Ke, Nguyen (2007). Edible Wild Plants of Vietnam: The Bountiful Garden. Thailand: Orchid Press. p. 24. ISBN 978-9745240896.
-
^ Grubben, G.J.H. & Denton, O.A. (2004) Plant Resources of Tropical Africa 2. Vegetables. PROTA Foundation, Wageningen; Backhuys, Leiden; CTA, Wageningen.
-
^ Xavier Romero-Frias, The Maldive Islanders, A Study of the Popular Culture of an Ancient Ocean Kingdom. Barcelona 1999, ISBN 84-7254-801-5
-
^ a b Low, Tim (1985). Wild Herbs of Australia & New Zealand. Angus & Robertson Publishers. p. 44. ISBN 0207151679.
-
^ J. H. Maiden (1889). The useful native plants of Australia : Including Tasmania. Turner and Henderson, Sydney.
-
^ R.V. Nair, Controversial drug plants
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^ a b Grubb, Adam; Raser-Rowland, Annie (2012). The Weed Forager's Handbook. Australia: Hyland House Publishing Pty Ltd. p. 23. ISBN 9781864471212.
-
^ Benoliel, Doug (2011). Northwest Foraging: The Classic Guide to Edible Plants of the Pacific Northwest (Rev. and updated ed.). Seattle, WA: Skipstone. p. 95. ISBN 978-1-59485-366-1. OCLC 668195076.
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Amaranthus viridis: Brief Summary
provided by wikipedia EN
Amaranthus viridis is a cosmopolitan species in the botanical family Amaranthaceae and is commonly known as slender amaranth or green amaranth.
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Amaranthus viridis
(
Spanish; Castilian
)
provided by wikipedia ES
Amaranthus viridis L. es una especie herbácea cosmopolita perteneciente a la familia Amaranthaceae.
Descripción
Tiene el tallo erecto teñido de púrpura, o algo verde, alcanzando un tamaño de 40-80 cm de altura, visiblemente angulado, poco ramificado, glabro. Pecíolo de 3-6 cm, teñidos de púrpura o verde; las hojas con limbo ovado, ovado-oblongas u ovado-elípticas, 3-9 × 2.5-6 cm, base anchamente cuneada o subtruncadas, margen entero o ligeramente ondulado, el ápice redondeado o con muescas , con un mucrón puntiagudo. Inflorescencia terminal de complejas estructuras, de 12.6 x 1,5-3 cm, ramificada, compuesta por picos, los picos erguidos, delgados y terminales más largos que los laterales, raquis de 2-2.5 cm. Las brácteas y bracteolas lanceoladas, de menos de 1 mm, ápice agudo. Tépalos oblongos u oblanceoladas, 1.2-1.5 mm, ápice agudo. Estambres más cortos que el perianto. Las semillas de color negro o negro pardusco, subglobosas, de 1 mm de diámetro. Fl. Junio-agosto, fr. Agosto-octubre. Tiene un número de cromosomas de 2n = 34.[1]
- Hábitat
Amaranthus viridis es posiblemente originario de Asia pero se ha convertido en una especie cosmopolita en las regiones tropicales y subtropicales del mundo, también se encuentra en las regiones templadas de Europa, Norteamérica, Asia y Australia. En África tropical está ampliamente distribuido y ocasionalmente cultivado en Nigeria, Gabón y Congo.[2]
Taxonomía
Amaranthus viridis fue descrita por Carlos Linneo y publicado en Species Plantarum, Editio Secunda 2: 1405. 1763.[3][4]
- Etimología
amaranthus: nombre genérico que procede del griego amaranthos, que significa "flor que no se marchita".
viridis: epíteto que significa "verde", haciendo referencia al color de las hojas.[5]
- Sinonimia [6]
NOTA: Los nombres que presentan enlaces son sinónimos en otras especies:
- Acnida alabamensis
- Albersia caudata
- Albersia emarginata
- Albersia gracilis
- Albersia polystachya
- Amaranthus emarginata
- Amaranthus fasciatus
- Amaranthus flexuosus
- Amaranthus gracilis
- Amaranthus littoralis
- Amaranthus polystachyus
- Atriplex viridis
- Chenopodium caudatum
- Euxolus caudatus
- Euxolus caudatus var. gracilis
- Euxolus caudatus var. maximus
- Euxolus polystachyus
- Euxolus viridis
- Galliaria adscendens
- Glomeraria viridis
- Vernáculo
Amaranto verde, bledo verde, bleo, moco pavo.[7]
Propiedades
Es comido como vegetal en algunas partes de África.[8] Una planta de alimentos tradicionales en África, este poco conocido vegetal tiene el potencial para mejorar la nutrición, aumentar la seguridad alimentaria, fomentar el desarrollo rural sostenible y el apoyo y cuidado de suelos.[9]
Estudios relacionados
El presente estudio está planeado para investigar el potencial antidiabético y antihiperlipémico del extracto acuoso del tallo de Amaranthus viridis en ratas diabéticas inducidas por estreptozotocina.[10]
Enemigos naturales
Un gorgojo, Hypolixus trunculatus, cuyas larvas forman un túnel en los tallos y agallas, se conoce en Pakistán, India y Tailandia y se alimenta de 'A. viridis. Pero su idoneidad como agente de control biológico se ve obstaculizada por su ciclo de vida relativamente largo y su baja capacidad reproductiva. [11]
Referencias
Bibliotrafía
- Flora of China Editorial Committee. 2003. Fl. China 5: 1–506. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis.
- Flora of North America Editorial Committee, e. 2003. Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae, part 1. 4: i–xxiv, 1–559. In Fl. N. Amer.. Oxford University Press, New York.
- Forzza, R. C. & et al. 2010. 2010 Lista de espécies Flora do Brasil. https://web.archive.org/web/20150906080403/http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010/.
- Funk, V. A., P. E. Berry, S. Alexander, T. H. Hollowell & C. L. Kelloff. 2007. Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 55: 1–584.
- Gibbs Russell, G. E., W. G. Welman, E. Reitief, K. L. Immelman, G. Germishuizen, B. J. Pienaar, M. v. Wyk & A. Nicholas. 1987. List of species of southern African plants. Mem. Bot. Surv. S. Africa 2(1–2): 1–152(pt. 1), 1–270(pt. 2).
- Hokche, O., P. E. Berry & O. Huber. 2008. 1–860. In O. Hokche, P. E. Berry & O. Huber Nuevo Cat. Fl. Vasc. Venezuela. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela, Caracas.
- Idárraga-Piedrahíta, A., R. D. C. Ortiz, R. Callejas Posada & M. Merello. 2011. Flora de Antioquia. Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares, vol. 2. Listado de las Plantas Vasculares del Departamento de Antioquia. Pp. 1-939.
- Killeen, T. J. & T. S. Schulenberg. 1998. A biological assessment of Parque nacional Noel Kempff Mercado, Bolivia. RAP Working Papers 10: 1–372.
- Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali (eds). 1980-2005. Fl. Pakistan Univ. of Karachi, Karachi.
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Amaranthus viridis: Brief Summary
(
Spanish; Castilian
)
provided by wikipedia ES
Amaranthus viridis L. es una especie herbácea cosmopolita perteneciente a la familia Amaranthaceae.
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Amaranthus viridis
(
French
)
provided by wikipedia FR
Amaranthus viridis, l'amarante verte, est une espèce de plantes dicotylédones de la famille des Amaranthaceae (sous-genre : Albersia[2]), originaire des régions tropicales.
L'amarante verte est une plante adventice (communément appelée « mauvaise herbe »), très communes dans les régions tropicales, notamment dans les cultures de riz. Les feuilles de cette plante sont parfois consommées comme légume-feuille ou données aux animaux domestiques comme fourrage.
Taxinomie
Noms vernaculaires
- Amarante verte, amarante grêle[3], pariétaire, brède pariétaire, paillatère[4].
Synonymes
Selon Catalogue of Life (1er juin 2016)1er_juin_2016_5-0">1er_juin_2016-5">[5] et The Plant List (1er juin 2016)1er_juin_2016_1-1">1er_juin_2016-1">[1] :
-
Albersia caudata (Jacq.) Boiss.,
-
Albersia gracilis (Desf.) Webb & Berthel.,
-
Amaranthus acutilobus Uline & W.L.Bray,
-
Amaranthus gracilis Desf. ex Poir.,
-
Amaranthus littoralis Bernh. ex Moq.,
-
Amaranthus polystachyus Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.,
-
Chenopodium caudatum Jacq[6].
-
Euxolus caudatus var. maximus Moq[6].,
-
Euxolus viridis L. Moq. (basionyme)[6]
-
Galliaria adscendens Bubani,
-
Glomeraria viridis (L.) Cav.,
-
Pyxidium viride (L.) Moq.
Description
Amaranthus viridis est une plante herbacée annuelle, parfois pérenne pendant quelques années dans les régions tropicales et subtropicales[7], à port généralement dressé ou ascendant, pouvant atteindre 75 à 80 cm (parfois 1 m) de haut. Les tiges vertes, souvent rougeâtres, à section angulaire, sont minces, ramifiées, glabres à pubescentes (pubescentes généralement dans la partie supérieure).
Les feuilles simples, alternes, glabres ou pubescentes sur les nervures de la face inférieure, ont un pétiole relativement long (10 cm environ), parfois plus long que le limbe, et un limbe de forme ovale à rhomboïde-oblongue, de 2 à 8 cm de long sur 1,5 à 6 cm de large, à l'apex arrondi, légèrement mucroné.
Les inflorescences, relativement denses, sont constituées d'épis minces pouvant atteindre 12 cm de long regroupés en panicules terminales ou axillaires. Les fleurs, minuscules, sont pollinisées par le vent. De couleur verte souvent teintée de rouge, elles sont unisexuées (plante monoïque), mâles (fleurs staminées) ou femelles (fleurs pistillées), ces dernières étant plus nombreuses. Le périanthe est formé de trois tépales oblongs d'environ 1,5 mm de long, . Les fleurs mâles, souvent à l'extrémité des inflorescences, presque inaperçues, ont trois étamines. Les fleurs femelles ont un ovaire supère, uniloculaire, surmonté de 2 ou 3 stigmates courts. Les bractées des fleurs femelles, ovales à lancéolées, sont plus courtes que les tépales.
Les fruits sont des capsules indéhiscentes presque globuleuses, d’environ 1,25 à 1,75 mm de diamètre, contenant une seule graine. Ces fruits sont fortement ridés, caractère qui permet de distinguer cette espèce d'Amaranthus blitum aux fruits ellipsoïdes généralement lisses ou peu ridés[8],[9].
Les graines arrondies, légèrement comprimées, brillantes, de couleur brune à noire à la bordure plus claire, ont un diamètre de 1 à 1,25 mm. La plantule à germination épigée montre des cotylédons lancéolés d’environ 12 mm de long.
Amaranthus viridis peut être confondue avec des espèces voisines, en particulier Amaranthus blitum L. et Amaranthus deflexus L[9].
Distribution et habitat
Amaranthus viridis a une aire de répartition cosmopolite, limitée toutefois aux régions tropicales subtropicales et tempérées chaudes. L'espèce serait originaire d'Asie orientale[6] ou d'Amérique du Sud[2].
L'amarante verte se rencontre dans les friches ouvertes et dans les terres cultivées. C'est une espèce qui préfère les sols bien drainés et riches en matière organique et en azote[6].
Biologie
Amaranthus viridis est une plante herbacée annuelle qui se propage par les graines. Dans les régions de climats chauds, tropicaux et subtropicaux, la plante fleurit toute l'année.
C'est une espèce à photosynthèse en C4, qui pousse mieux avec une exposition au soleil d'intensité moyenne[8].
Ennemis naturels
Amaranthus viridis a de nombreux ennemis naturels, qui toutefois ne sont pas spécifiques de l'espèce, et de ce fait difficiles à utiliser en lutte biologique. C'est le cas par exemple d' Hypolixus trunculatus (coléoptère, Cucurlionidae), dont les larves (charançons) creusent des galeries dans les tiges et forment des galles, signalé au Pakistan, en Inde et en Thaïlande sur diverses espèces d'amarantes, ou de Spoladea recurvalis, synonyme : Hymenia recurvalis, ou pyrale de la betterave (lépidoptère, Crambidae) dont les chenilles peuvent défolier complètement les plantes en cas d'infestation importante[6].
Notes et références
- 1er_juin_2016-1">↑ 1er_juin_2016_1-0">a et 1er_juin_2016_1-1">b The Plant List (2013). Version 1.1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/, consulté le 1er juin 2016
-
↑ a et b « Taxon: Amaranthus viridis L. », sur U.S. National Plant Germplasm System (consulté le 2 juin 2016).
-
↑ (en) « Amaranthus viridis (AMAVI) », sur EPPO Plant Protection Thesaurus (EPPT), OEPP (consulté le 2 juin 2016).
-
↑ « Amaranthus viridis L., 1763 », sur INPN (Inventaire national du patrimoine naturel), Muséum national d'histoire naturelle (consulté le 2 juin 2016).
- 1er_juin_2016-5">1er_juin_2016_5-0">↑ Bánki, O., Roskov, Y., Vandepitte, L., DeWalt, R. E., Remsen, D., Schalk, P., Orrell, T., Keping, M., Miller, J., Aalbu, R., Adlard, R., Adriaenssens, E., Aedo, C., Aescht, E., Akkari, N., Alonso-Zarazaga, M. A., Alvarez, B., Alvarez, F., Anderson, G., et al. (2021). Catalogue of Life Checklist (Version 2021-10-18). Catalogue of Life. https://doi.org/10.48580/d4t2, consulté le 1er juin 2016
-
↑ a b c d e et f (en) « Amaranthus viridis L. - Amaranthaceae - Dicotyledon », sur IDAO - A Multimedia Approach to Computer Aided Identification, CIRAD, 18 octobre 2010 (consulté le 1er juin 2016).
-
↑ (en) « 25. Amaranthus viridis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl., ed. 2. 2: 1405. 1763 », sur Flora of North America (consulté le 1er juin 2016).
-
↑ a et b (en) « Amaranthus viridis (slender amaranth) », sur Invasive Species Compendium, CABI, 21 octobre 2015 (consulté le 1er juin 2016).
-
↑ a et b « Amaranthus viridis L. », sur PROTA4U (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa), Université de Wageningen (consulté le 1er juin 2016).
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Amaranthus viridis: Brief Summary
(
French
)
provided by wikipedia FR
Amaranthus viridis, l'amarante verte, est une espèce de plantes dicotylédones de la famille des Amaranthaceae (sous-genre : Albersia), originaire des régions tropicales.
L'amarante verte est une plante adventice (communément appelée « mauvaise herbe »), très communes dans les régions tropicales, notamment dans les cultures de riz. Les feuilles de cette plante sont parfois consommées comme légume-feuille ou données aux animaux domestiques comme fourrage.
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Caruru (planta)
(
Portuguese
)
provided by wikipedia PT
Caruru é a designação comum a certas plantas do gênero Amaranthus, da família das amarantáceas, algumas de folhas comestíveis, bastante utilizada em culinária. A maioria delas é invasora de plantações. É também conhecida como bredo em Pernambuco e na Bahia, onde é utilizado na culinária local, reservando-se o termo "caruru" a um prato que, geralmente, não leva esta planta nos seus ingredientes.[1]
Etimologia
Substantivo de etimologia tupi, caá-riru, a erva de comer, como define Câmara Cascudo. "Bredo" é originário do termo grego blíton através do termo latino blitu.[2] "Caruru" vem do tupi kararu[3]
Descrição
Planta nativa das Américas, foi a primeira vez conhecido pelos europeus através dos Maias no México.
Atualmente, é considerado erva daninha em plantações por ser incrivelmente espontâneo e adaptado às condições climáticas brasileiras. É um ótimo indicador de qualidade do solo. Se for comparado com outras plantas indicadoras, ele indica terra boa, rica em potássio (K - além de 7% da CTC): milhã pode indicar terra desgastada e tiririca indica terra desestruturada e ácida.
Todas as partes do caruru são comestíveis. É um alimento rico em ferro, potássio, cálcio e vitaminas A, B1, B2 e C. Tendo funções medicinais como lactígeno, combate também infecções, problemas hepáticos, hidropsia e catarro da bexiga. As sementes podem ser ingeridas torradas ou em pães e outras receitas, e são conhecidas como amaranto.
Lista de espécies
Algumas espécies de Amaranthus incluem:[1]
-
Amaranthus viridis L. (es): caruru-de-mancha, caruru-pequeno, caruru-de-porco, caruru, bredo, bredo-verdadeiro.
-
Amaranthus hybridus L. (es): bredo-vermelho, caruru-bravo, caruru-roxo, chorão, crista-de-galo.
-
Amaranthus spinosus L. (es): bredo, bredo-de-chifre, bredo-de-espinho, caruru-bravo, caruru-de-espinho, caruru.
-
Amaranthus lividus L. (en): caruru-de-cuia.
Referências
-
↑ a b «Caruru». Consultado em 7 de Outubro de 2007
-
↑ FERREIRA, A. B. H. Novo dicionário da língua portuguesa. 2ª edição. Rio de Janeiro. Nova Fronteira. 1986. p. 284.
-
↑ NAVARRO, E. A. Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil. Primeira edição. São Paulo: Global, 2013, p. 488
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Caruru (planta): Brief Summary
(
Portuguese
)
provided by wikipedia PT
Caruru é a designação comum a certas plantas do gênero Amaranthus, da família das amarantáceas, algumas de folhas comestíveis, bastante utilizada em culinária. A maioria delas é invasora de plantações. É também conhecida como bredo em Pernambuco e na Bahia, onde é utilizado na culinária local, reservando-se o termo "caruru" a um prato que, geralmente, não leva esta planta nos seus ingredientes.
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Щириця зелена
(
Ukrainian
)
provided by wikipedia UK
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Щириця зелена: Brief Summary
(
Ukrainian
)
provided by wikipedia UK
↑ Мойсієнко, І.І,.
Флора північного Причорномор'я. — Київ : Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня доктора біологічних наук, 2011. — С. 82. ↑
Flora of North America. efloras. Процитовано 28.09.2018. (англ.)
GRIN. Процитовано 28.09.2018. (англ.)
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Dền cơm
(
Vietnamese
)
provided by wikipedia VI
Dền cơm hay dền xanh (danh pháp: Amaranthus viridis) là loài thực vật có hoa thuộc họ Dền. Loài này được L. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1763.[1]
Tham khảo
Liên kết ngoài
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Dền cơm: Brief Summary
(
Vietnamese
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provided by wikipedia VI
Dền cơm hay dền xanh (danh pháp: Amaranthus viridis) là loài thực vật có hoa thuộc họ Dền. Loài này được L. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1763.
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皱果苋
(
Chinese
)
provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科
皱果苋: Brief Summary
(
Chinese
)
provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科
皱果苋（学名：Amaranthus viridis）为苋科苋属的植物，是中国的特有植物。分布于亚热带、热带非洲、两半球的温带、热带地区以及中国大陆的陕西、华北、华南、云南、华东、东北、江西等地，生长于海拔200米至2,000米的地区，见于人家附近的杂草地上以及田野间，目前已由人工引种栽培。
ホナガイヌビユ
(
Japanese
)
provided by wikipedia 日本語
ホナガイヌビユ: Brief Summary
(
Japanese
)
provided by wikipedia 日本語
ホナガイヌビユ（穂長犬莧、学名: Amaranthus viridis）は、ヒユ科ヒユ属の1年草。道端や畑などに生える雑草。アオビユ（青莧）ともいう。
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