Magnolia sect. Michelia

Campaka atawa Michelia nyaéta genus pepelakan nu kembangan ti suku Magnoliaceae.

Kembang Michelia champaca.

Suku Magnoliacéae masih kaasup tutuwuhan purba, mangrupa fosil anu hirup sarta asal-usulna bisa disusud nepi ka 95 juta taun ka tukang. Ciri has pepelakan ieu téh nyaéta daun kembangna anu henteu diwangun ku petal sarta sepal, tapi diwangun ku tepal.

Daun sarta kembang campaka masih nyarupaan daun sarta kembang Magnolia. Kembang campaka leuwih sumebar di sapanjang tangkalna, sedengkeun kembang Magnolia mah ngan tumuwuh dina tungtung tangkal.

Sawatara spésiés mangrupa panghasil kai anu penting. Sedengkeun sawatara spésiés kawas Michelia champaca (di Nanggroe Acéh Darussalam dipikawanoh minangka kembang jeumpa) sarta Michelia doltsopa dipelak alatan kembangna. M. champaca ogé dibudidayakeun pikeun dicokot minyakna tina kembangna minangka bahan pikeun minyak seungit (parfum). Sawatara spésiés ogé dipelak minangka pepelakan pager jalan kawas M. figo, M. doltsopa jeung M. champaca.

Spésiés campaka

• M. aenea
• M. alba (syn. M. longifolia). Cempaka bodas, cendana bodas, atawa kantil.
• M. angustioblonga
• M. balansae
• M. baillonii (syn. Aromadendron spongocarpum, Paramichelia baillonii)
• M. braianensis
• M. calcicola
• M. caloptila
• M. cavaleriei
• M. champaca. Champak atawa Kembang Jeumpa. Asalna ti India, pulo Jawa jeung Filipina. Tangkal atawa rungkun anu jangkungna 3 nepi ka 6 méter. mibanda daun anu héjo ngagurilap sarta kembang anu seungit sarta boga warna oranyeu, konéng atawa bodas semu krém. Minyak kembang ieu dipaké minangka bahan parfum.
• M. chapaensis (syn. M. constricta)
• M. compressa (syn. M. formosana, M. philippinensis)
• M. coriacea
• M. crassipes
• M. doltsopa (syn. M. manipurensis). Rungkun atawa tangkal anu luhur nepi ka 30 méter. Asalna ti pagunungan Himalaya wétan jeung leuweung subtropis Meghalya. Daunnna boga warna héjo kolot sapanjang 6 nepi ka 17 cm. Kembangna boga warna bodas krém. Dipisuka minangka pepelakan sisi jalan di California.
• M. elegans
• M. elliptilimba
• M. faveolata
• M. figo.Rungkun atawa tangkal pendék anu tumuwuhna laun. Bisa tumuwuh nepi ka jangkungna 5 méter. Daunna leutik sarta kembangna badag, boga warna bodas sakapeung jeung warna wungu. Kembangna mibanda ambeu cau.
• M. flaviflora
• M. floribunda
• M. foveolata
• M. fujianensis
• M. fulgens
• M. fulva
• M. fuscata
• M. guangxiensis
• M. hedyosperma (syn. M. hypolampra)
• M. ingrata
• M. insignis. Asalna ti leuweung subtropis Meghalya.
• M. iteophylla
• M. kisopa. Asalna ti leuweung subtropis Meghalya.
• M. koordersiana
• M. lacei (syn. M. tignifera)
• M. laevifolia
• M. lanuginosa (syn. M. velutina) Asalna ti leuweung subtropis Meghalya.
• M. leveillana
• M. longipetiolata
• M. longistamina
• M. longistyla
• M. macclurei
• M. martini
• M. masticata
• M. maudiae
• M. mediocris
• M. microtricha
• M. montana
• M. nilagirica. Asalna ti India kidul.
• M. odora (syn. Tsoongiodendron odorum)
• M. pachycarpa
• M. platypetala
• M. polylneura
• M. punduana. Asalna ti leuweung subtropis Meghalya.
• M. rajaniana
• M. salicifolia
• M. scortechinii
• M. sinensis (syn. M. wilsonii)
• M. shiluensis
• M. skinneriana
• M. sphaerantha
• M. subulifera
• M. szechuanica
• M. xanthantha
• M. yunnanensis

Rujukan

Michelia iku génus tuwuhan ngembang saka suku Magnoliaceae. Genus iki duwé watara 50 spésies wité tansah ijo, semak-semak, sing tuwuh ing tlatah tropis lan subtropis ing Asia Kidul lan Asia Kidul-wétan sarta Tiongkok Kidul. Tuwuhan iki uga karan Kembang Cempaka utawa Kembang Kanthil.

Kembang Michelia champaca.

Suku Magnoliaceae isih kalebu tuwuhan purba, minangka fosil sing urip lan asal-usulé bisa ditlusuri nganti 95 yuta taun kapungkur. Ciri khas tuwuhan iki ya iku godhong kembangé sing ora dumadi saka petal lan sepal, nanging dumadi saka tepal.

Godhong lan kembang Michelia isih mèmper karo godhong lan kembang Magnolia. Sanadyan kembang Michelia luwih kasebar ing sadawaning wit, déné kembang Magnolia mung tuwuh ing pucuk wit.

Sawetara spésies minangka pangasil kayu sing wigati. Déné sawatara spésies kaya Michelia champaca (ing Acèh dikenal minangka kembang jeumpa) lan Michelia doltsopa ditandur amarga kembangé. M. champaca uga dikembang-biakaké kanggo dijupuk lenga saka kembangé minangka bahan parfum. Sawetara spésies uga ditandur minangka tuwuhan pembatas dalan kaya M. figo, M. doltsopa lan M. champaca.

Spesies Michelia

• M. aenea
• M. alba (syn. M. longifolia). Cempaka putih, cendana putih, atau kantil.
• M. angustioblonga
• M. balansae
• M. baillonii (syn. Aromadendron spongocarpum, Paramichelia baillonii)
• M. braianensis
• M. calcicola
• M. caloptila
• M. cavaleriei
• M. champaca. Champak utawa Bunga Jeumpa. Asal saka India, pulo Jawa lan Filipina.
• M. chapaensis (syn. M. constricta)
• M. compressa (syn. M. formosana, M. philippinensis)
• M. coriacea
• M. crassipes
• M. doltsopa (syn. M. manipurensis).
• M. elegans
• M. elliptilimba
• M. faveolata
• M. figo.
• M. flaviflora
• M. floribunda
• M. foveolata
• M. fujianensis
• M. fulgens
• M. fulva
• M. fuscata
• M. guangxiensis
• M. hedyosperma (syn. M. hypolampra)
• M. ingrata
• M. insignis. Asal saka alas subtropis Meghalya.
• M. iteophylla
• M. kisopa. Asal saka alas subtropis Meghalya.
• M. koordersiana
• M. lacei (syn. M. tignifera)
• M. laevifolia
• M. lanuginosa (syn. M. velutina) Asal saka alas subtropis Meghalya.
• M. leveillana
• M. longipetiolata
• M. longistamina
• M. longistyla
• M. macclurei
• M. martini
• M. masticata
• M. maudiae
• M. mediocris
• M. microtricha
• M. montana
• M. nilagirica. Berasal dari India Kidul.
• M. odora (syn. Tsoongiodendron odorum)
• M. pachycarpa
• M. platypetala
• M. polylneura
• M. punduana. Asal saka alas subtropis Meghalya.
• M. rajaniana
• M. salicifolia
• M. scortechinii
• M. sinensis (syn. M. wilsonii)
• M. shiluensis
• M. skinneriana
• M. sphaerantha
• M. subulifera
• M. szechuanica
• M. xanthantha
• M. yunnanensis

Rujukan

Michelia champaca

Magnolia doltsopa

Magnolia dianica

Михелия ( латин Michelia ) — магнолия котырса корья пу увтыр. Сійӧ быдмӧ лунвыв да лунвыв-асыввыв Азияын.

Сикасъяс

1. Michelia alba
2. Michelia balansae
3. Michelia banghamii
4. Michelia baviensis
5. Michelia cathcartii
6. Michelia celebica
7. Michelia champaca
8. Michelia chapensis
9. Michelia compressa
10. Michelia doltsopa
11. Michelia excelsa
12. Michelia figo
13. Michelia floribunda
14. Michelia fogii
15. Michelia formosana
16. Michelia kisopa
17. Michelia lanceolata
18. Michelia longifolia
19. Michelia macclurei
20. Michelia maudiae
21. Michelia montana
22. Michelia nilagerica
23. Michelia rajaniana
24. Michelia subulifera
25. Michelia tsiampaca
26. Michelia tsoi
27. Michelia velutina
28. Michelia yunnanensis

Michelia champaca

Magnolia doltsopa

Magnolia dianica

Михелия ( лат. Michelia ) — магнолия котырись корья пу увтыр. Михелия увтырӧ пырöны 50 вид. Михелия пантасьӧ лунвыв да лунвыв-асыввыв Азияын.

Виддэз

1. Michelia alba
2. Michelia balansae
3. Michelia banghamii
4. Michelia baviensis
5. Michelia cathcartii
6. Michelia celebica
7. Michelia champaca
8. Michelia chapensis
9. Michelia compressa
10. Michelia doltsopa
11. Michelia excelsa
12. Michelia figo
13. Michelia floribunda
14. Michelia fogii
15. Michelia formosana
16. Michelia kisopa
17. Michelia lanceolata
18. Michelia longifolia
19. Michelia macclurei
20. Michelia maudiae
21. Michelia montana
22. Michelia nilagerica
23. Michelia rajaniana
24. Michelia subulifera
25. Michelia tsiampaca
26. Michelia tsoi
27. Michelia velutina
28. Michelia yunnanensis

సంపెంగ, సంపంగి లేదా చంపకం (Michelia) మంచి సువాసనలిచ్చే పూల మొక్క. ఇది ఆసియా ఖండానికి చెందిన సతతహరిత వృక్షం. వీటి ఘాటైన సువాసన కలిగిన పువ్వులు, కలప కోసం పెంచుతారు. వీటి పువ్వులు పసుపు లేదా తెలుపు రంగులో ఉంటాయి.

సంపంగి పువ్వులను చాలా విధాలుగా ఉపయోగిస్తారు. వీటిని నీటితొట్టెలలో ఉంచితే గది అంతా సుగంధంతో నిండిపోతుంది. శోభనపు గదిలోను, మాలలుగా, జడను అలంకరణ కోసం కూడా ఉపయోగిస్తారు.^[1]

సంపంగి పూలనుండిసంపంగి నూనె తయారు చేస్తారు.దానిని ఇతర సుగంధ తైలాలతో కలిపి సుగంధ ద్రవ్యంగా ఉపయోగిస్తారు.

సంపంగి జాతులు

• Michelia aenea Dandy (treated as a synonym for M. foveolata Merr. ex Dandy by J. Li (1997)^[2]
• Michelia x alba DC. (syn. M. longifolia Blume). తెల్ల సంపంగి, a hybrid between M. champaca L. and M. montana Blume
• Michelia angustioblonga Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu
• Michelia balansae (A. DC.) Dandy (basionym: Magnolia balansae A. DC.)
• Michelia baillonii (Pierre) Finet & Gagnep. (basionym: Magnolia baillonii Pierre)
• Michelia braianensis Gagnep.
• Michelia calcicola C.Y. Wu ex Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (treated as a synonym for M. ingrata Chen & Yang by Chen & Nooteboom (1993))^[3]))
• Michelia caloptila Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (dubious taxon, according to Chen & Nooteboom (1993)^[3])
• Michelia cavaleriei Finet & Gagnep.
• Michelia champaca L. చెట్టు సంపంగి. Native to భారతదేశం, జావా, ఫిలిప్పైన్స్. A tree or shrub which grows from 3 to 6 meters high and wide. Glossy bright green leaves to 16 cm. Produces fragrant orange, yellow, or creamy white flowers in the spring. The flowers of this plant produce an essential oil that is used in perfume.
• Michelia chapensis Dandy
• Michelia compressa (Maxim.) Sarg. (basionym: Magnolia compressa Maxim.)
• Michelia coriacea Chang & Chen
• Michelia crassipes Y.-W. Law
• Michelia doltsopa Buch.-Ham. ex DC. Large shrubs and trees, growing to 30 meters. Native to the eastern హిమాలయాలు and మేఘాలయ. Varies in form from bushy to narrow and upright. Leathery dark-green leaves, 6 to 17 cm in length. Clusters of creamy white flowers in winter. Growing in popularity as a street tree in coastal California.
• Michelia elegans Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (treated as a synonym for M. cavaleriei Finet & Gagnep. by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)^[3])
• Michelia elliptilimba Chen & Noot. (treated as a synonym for M. sphaerantha C.Y. Wu ex Z.S. Yue by J. Li (1997))^[2])
• Michelia figo (Lour.) Spreng. (basionym: Liriodendron figo Lour.) Banana Shrub. A slow growing shrub or small tree that can grow up to 5 meters high and nearly as wide. Densely covered with small glossy green leaves. Bears clusters of large, white, sometimes purple-streaked, flowers with a potent, sweet banana scent. Port Wine is a variety that bears rose to maroon flowers.
• Michelia flaviflora Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu
• Michelia floribunda Finet & Gagnep.
• Michelia foveolata Merr. ex Dandy
• Michelia fujianensis Q.F. Zheng
• Michelia fulgens Dandy (treated as a synonym for M. foveolata Merr. ex Dandy by Gagnepain (1939))^[4]))
• Michelia fulva Chang & Chen
• Michelia fuscata (Andrews) Blume ex Wall. (basionym: Magnolia fuscata Andrews; treated as a synonym for M. figo (Lour.) Spreng. by Baillon (1866)^[5])
• Michelia guangxiensis Y.-W. Law & R.-Z. Zhou
• Michelia hedyosperma Y.-W. Law (treated as a synonym for M. hypolampra Dandy by Chen & Nooteboom (1993))
• Michelia hypolampra Dandy
• Michelia ingrata Chen & Yang
• Michelia iteophylla C.Y. Wu ex Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (synonym for Michelia formosana (Kaneh.) Masam. & Suzuki because the type is the same; M. formosana in its turn is treated as a synonym for M. compressa (Maxim.) Sarg. by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)^[3])
• Michelia kisopa Buch.-Ham. ex DC. Native to మేఘాలయ
• Michelia koordersiana Noot.
• Michelia lacei W.W. Sm.
• Michelia laevifolia Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (treated as a synonym for M. yunnanensis Franch. ex Finet & Gapnep. by Xia & Deng (2002)^[6])
• Michelia lanuginosa Wall. Native to మేఘాలయ
• Michelia leveilleana Dandy
• Michelia longipetiolata C.Y. Wu ex Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (treated as a synonym for M. leveilleana Dandy by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)^[3])
• Michelia longistamina Y.-W. Law (treated as a synonym for M. martinii (H. Lév.) Finet & Gagnep. ex H. Lév. by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)^[3])
• Michelia longistyla Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (treated as a synonym for M. foveolata Merr. ex Dandy; by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)^[3])
• Michelia macclurei Dandy
• Michelia martinii (H. Lév.) Finet & Gagnep. ex H. Lév. (basionym: Magnolia martinii H. Lév.)
• Michelia masticata Dandy
• Michelia maudiae Dunn
• Michelia mediocris Dandy
• Michelia microtricha (treated as a synonym for M. floribunda Finet & Gagnep. by J. Li (1997)^[2])
• Michelia montana Blume
• Michelia nilagirica Zenker. Native to దక్షిణ భారతదేశం.
• Michelia odora (W.Y. Chun) Noot. & Chen (basionym: Tsoongiodendron odorum W.Y. Chun)
• Michelia pachycarpa Y.-W. Law & R.-Z. Zhou
• Michelia platypetala Hand.-Mazz. (treated as a variety of Magnolia maudiae (Dunn) Figlar (= Michelia maudiae Dunn) by Sima (2001)^[7])
• Michelia polyneura C.Y. Wu ex Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu
• Michelia punduana Hook.f. & Thomson. Native to మేఘాలయ
• Michelia rajaniana Craib
• Michelia salicifolia A. Agostini
• Michelia scortechinii (King) Dandy (basionym: Manglietia scortechinii King)
• Michelia wilsonii Finet & Gagnep. (syn. M. sinensis Hemsl. & E.H. Wilson; based on the same type but published a few weeks later)
• Michelia shiluensis W.Y. Chun & Y.-F. Wu
• Michelia skinneriana Dunn (treated as a synonym for M. figo (Lour.) Spreng. by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)^[3])
• Michelia sphaerantha C.Y. Wu ex Z.S. Yue
• Michelia subulifera Dandy
• Michelia szechuanica Dandy (treated as a subspecies of Magnolia ernestii Figlar (= Michelia wilsonii Finet & Gagnep.) by Sima & Figlar (2001)^[7])
• Michelia xanthantha C.Y. Wu ex Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu
• Michelia yunnanensis Franch. ex Finet & Gapnep.