Biology
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Inglês
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fornecido por Arkive
Chameleons are usually solitary, tree-dwelling reptiles, and hunt by rapidly firing out the extremely long, sticky tongue to capture prey. Male chameleons are territorial, and, as in other chameleon species which possess horns or nasal projections, it is likely that the 'horn' of the male rhinoceros chameleon is used in combat, as well as being used by the female to choose potential mates. Chameleons are well-known for their ability to change colour, a phenomenon brought about by contracting and expanding pigment-containing cells in the skin. These colour changes may be used as social signals (5).
Little information is available on the reproductive behaviour of the rhinoceros chameleon. Clutches of four to eleven eggs have been reported in captivity, with hatching occurring after 291 days, and the newly hatched rhinoceros chameleons weighing between 0.38 and 0.44 grams (2).
Conservation
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Inglês
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Concern over the levels of trade in Madagascan chameleons and the effects on wild populations led, in 1995, to a ban on the export of most chameleon species from Madagascar (6). The rhinoceros chameleon is listed on Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), meaning that international trade in rhinoceros chameleons should be carefully controlled (1), and it is reported to occur in at least one protected area in Madagascar, the Ankarafantsika National Park (2). However, very little is known about the ecology or conservation needs of this species, and it may therefore benefit from further research before any specific conservation measures, if necessary, can be put into place.
Description
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Inglês
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The rhinoceros chameleon is aptly named after the prominent 'horn' which projects forwards from the top of the male's nose (2) (3). This horn is less well developed in the female. Both the male and female rhinoceros chameleon possess a small head crest, known as a casque, but have no gular crest, the row of spines running along the throat and chin (2). The male rhinoceros chameleon is greyish or brownish in colour, with dark brown or black between the scales, and a white line down the flanks. The lips are also white, and the horn is often a bluish colour. Although usually similar in colouration to the male, the female changes dramatically when carrying eggs (gravid). In this state, the female turns an overall neon-purple colour, with black bands on the body, extending onto the tail, which is orange or red (2). Both the male and female rhinoceros chameleon possess a dorsal crest. This is only present on the front half of the body, and, together with the lower casque, helps distinguish the male rhinoceros chameleon from the closely related Furcifer antimena and Furcifer labordi. The female rhinoceros chameleon can also be differentiated from these two species by the absence of a white line down the middle of the belly (2).
Habitat
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Inglês
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The rhinoceros chameleon inhabits dry deciduous forest (4). Little information is available on its precise habitat requirements, but it is reported to be commonly seen along roads and paths, as well as inhabiting the forest interior (2).
Range
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Inglês
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The rhinoceros chameleon is endemic to the dry deciduous forest region of western Madagascar (2) (4).
Status
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Listed on Appendix II of CITES (1).
Threats
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Like many Madagascan chameleons, the rhinoceros chameleon is threatened by habitat loss in the form of rapid deforestation (5) (6). Significant portions of forest habitat have already been cleared, and the remaining areas are often highly fragmented, as well as being critically threatened by logging, uncontrolled burning, and clearing for grazing and agriculture (4). Many Madagascan chameleons have also been heavily collected for the pet trade (6). However, there are very few records of successful captive breeding of this species, and it is not reported to have been heavily exported in the past (2).
Rhinoceros chameleon
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Inglês
)
fornecido por wikipedia EN
The rhinoceros chameleon (Furcifer rhinoceratus) is a species of chameleon that gets its common name from its horn-like nose which is most prominent in males. It is endemic to dry forests in Madagascar.
Description
The male rhinoceros chameleon can grow to about 27 centimetres (11 in), about twice as big as the female. The male's proboscis-like snout projects forward above its mouth and gives it its common name. The female has a smaller snout. On the top of the head there is a small crest of triangular, projecting scales, and a further crest runs part way along the spine. The general colour is grey or light brown with a few darker-coloured transverse bars. The snout is often bluish, the lips pale and a white line runs down each side of the animal. Females are similar in colour but when they are carrying eggs, they turn purple with black bands and an orange or red tail.[3]
Distribution
The rhinoceros chameleon is endemic to dry forests in western Madagascar. Its range extends from the Ankarafantsika National Park in the north west to Soalala in the south west but many of the sightings in the middle of its range were made a long time ago and it is unclear whether it is still to be found in these locations.[1]
Biology
The rhinoceros chameleon is usually a tree-dweller and catches insects by flicking out its sticky tongue with great rapidity. The male guards a territory and probably uses his long snout to do battle with other males. Little is known of the breeding habits of this chameleon but in captivity the female lays clutches of four to eleven eggs which take about forty one weeks to hatch into miniature chameleons.[3]
Status
The rhinoceros chameleon is listed as being "Vulnerable" in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. This is because it lives in deciduous forests in the dry west of the island which are being logged to make way for cattle grazing and for the manufacture of charcoal. It should be protected from these threats in the Ankarafantsika National Park but elsewhere is more vulnerable. It is also at risk from bush fires. It has always been an uncommon species but it seems likely that its numbers are in decline. It is unclear whether it is able to adapt to degraded habitats[1] but it may be somewhat adaptable as it is sometimes seen beside paths and roads.[3]
References
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^ a b c Jenkins, R.K.B.; Andreone, F.; Andriamazava, A.; Anjeriniaina, M.; Brady, L.; Glaw, F.; Griffiths, R.A.; Rabibisoa, N.; Rakotomalala, D.; Randrianantoandro, J.C.; Randrianiriana, J.; Randrianizahana , H.; Ratsoavina, F.; Robsomanitrandrasana, E. (2011). "Furcifer rhinoceratus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2011: e.T172758A6912413. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-2.RLTS.T172758A6912413.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
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^ "Furcifer rhinoceratus (Gray, 1845)". The Reptile Database. Retrieved 2013-01-06.
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^ a b c Jenkins, Richard K. B. (2011-03-07). "Rhinoceros chameleon (Furcifer rhinoceratus)". ARKive. Archived from the original on 2012-10-25. Retrieved 2013-01-06.
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Rhinoceros chameleon: Brief Summary
(
Inglês
)
fornecido por wikipedia EN
The rhinoceros chameleon (Furcifer rhinoceratus) is a species of chameleon that gets its common name from its horn-like nose which is most prominent in males. It is endemic to dry forests in Madagascar.
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Furcifer monoceras
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Basco
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fornecido por wikipedia EU
(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Furcifer monoceras: Brief Summary
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Basco
)
fornecido por wikipedia EU
Furcifer monoceras Furcifer generoko animalia da. Narrastien barruko Chamaeleonidae familian sailkatuta dago.
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Furcifer rhinoceratus
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Basco
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fornecido por wikipedia EU
(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Furcifer rhinoceratus: Brief Summary
(
Basco
)
fornecido por wikipedia EU
Furcifer rhinoceratus Furcifer generoko animalia da. Narrastien barruko Chamaeleonidae familian sailkatuta dago.
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Furcifer rhinoceratus
(
Francês
)
fornecido por wikipedia FR
Furcifer rhinoceratus est une espèce de sauriens de la famille des Chamaeleonidae[1].
Répartition
![src=]()
Aire de répartition de l'espèce
Furcifer rhinoceratus selon l'
UICN (consulté le 16 avril 2022).
Cette espèce est endémique du Nord-Ouest de Madagascar[1].
Publication originale
- Gray, 1845 : Catalogue of the specimens of lizards in the collection of the British Museum, p. 1-289 (texte intégral).
Notes et références
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Furcifer rhinoceratus: Brief Summary
(
Francês
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fornecido por wikipedia FR
Furcifer rhinoceratus est une espèce de sauriens de la famille des Chamaeleonidae.
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Furcifer rhinoceratus
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Romeno; moldávio; moldavo
)
fornecido por wikipedia RO
Furcifer rhinoceratus[3] este o specie de cameleoni din genul Furcifer, familia Chamaeleonidae, descrisă de Boettger 1893.[7][8] A fost clasificată de IUCN ca specie vulnerabilă.[1] Conform Catalogue of Life specia Furcifer rhinoceratus nu are subspecii cunoscute.[7]
Referințe
- ^ a b „Furcifer rhinoceratus”. Lista roșie a speciilor periclitate IUCN. Versiunea 2012.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. 2011. Accesat în 24 octombrie 2012.
-
^ Pianka, E.R. & Vitt, L.J. (2003) Lizards - Windows to the Evolution of Diversity., University of California Press, Berkeley, 347 pp. [review in Copeia 2004: 955]
- ^ a b Boettger, Oskar (1893) Katalog der Reptilien-Sammlung im Museum der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main. I. Teil (Rhynchocephalen, Schildkröten, Krokodile, Eidechsen, Chamäleons)., Gebrüder Knauer, Frankfurt a. M., x + 140 pp.
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^ Gray,J.E. (1865) Revision of the genera and species of Chamaeleonidae, with the description of some new species., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) 15: 340-354
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^ Gray, J. E. (1845) Catalogue of the specimens of lizards in the collection of the British Museum., Trustees of die British Museum/Edward Newman, London: xxvii + 289 pp.
-
^ Gray, J. E. (1843) Description of two new species of reptiles from the collection made during the voyages of H.M.S. Sulphur., Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (1) 11: 46
- ^ a b Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.) (2011). „Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist”. Species 2000: Reading, UK. Accesat în 24 september 2012. Verificați datele pentru:
|access-date= (ajutor)Mentenanță CS1: Nume multiple: lista autorilor (link) -
^ TIGR Reptile Database . Uetz P. , 2007-10-02
Legături externe
Acest articol referitor la o reptilă este un ciot. Puteți ajuta Wikipedia prin completarea sa.
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Furcifer rhinoceratus: Brief Summary
(
Romeno; moldávio; moldavo
)
fornecido por wikipedia RO
Furcifer rhinoceratus este o specie de cameleoni din genul Furcifer, familia Chamaeleonidae, descrisă de Boettger 1893. A fost clasificată de IUCN ca specie vulnerabilă. Conform Catalogue of Life specia Furcifer rhinoceratus nu are subspecii cunoscute.
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Furcifer rhinoceratus
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Vietnamita
)
fornecido por wikipedia VI
Furcifer rhinoceratus là một loài thằn lằn trong họ Chamaeleonidae. Loài này được Gray mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1845.[3]
Chú thích
- ^ a ă Jenkins, R.K.B., Andreone, F., Andriamazava, A., Anjeriniaina, M., Brady, L., Glaw, F., Griffiths, R.A., Rabibisoa, N., Rakotomalala, D., Randrianantoandro, J.C., Randrianiriana, J., Randrianizahana, H., Ratsoavina, F. & Robsomanitrandrasana, E. (2011). “Furcifer rhinoceratus”. Sách Đỏ IUCN các loài bị đe dọa. Phiên bản 2012.2. Liên minh Bảo tồn Thiên nhiên Quốc tế. Truy cập ngày 6 tháng 1 năm 2013.
-
^ “Furcifer rhinoceratus (Gray, 1845)”. The Reptile Database. Truy cập ngày 6 tháng 1 năm 2013.
-
^ “Furcifer rhinoceratus”. The Reptile Database. Truy cập ngày 31 tháng 5 năm 2013.
Tham khảo
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Furcifer rhinoceratus: Brief Summary
(
Vietnamita
)
fornecido por wikipedia VI
Furcifer rhinoceratus là một loài thằn lằn trong họ Chamaeleonidae. Loài này được Gray mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1845.
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- Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
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