Gleichenia

Gleichenia és un gènere de falgueres tropicals.^[2] Està estretament emparentat amb el gènere Stromatopteris,^[3] restricted to New Caledonia.

Algunes espècies

^[2][4]

• Gleichenia abscida Rodway
• Gleichenia alpina R.Br.
• Gleichenia cryptocarpa
• Gleichenia dicarpa R.Br. – Pouched coral fern, tangle fern
• Gleichenia mendellii (G.Schneid.) S.B.Andrews
• Gleichenia microphylla R.Br. – Scrambling coral fern, parasol fern, umbrella fern
• Gleichenia polypodioides (L.) Sm.
• Gleichenia quadripartita
• Gleichenia rupestris R.Br.
• Gleichenia squamulosa

Referències

Enllaços externs

• Smith's original description of the genus online at Project Gutenberg

Gleichenia is a genus of ferns.^[2] Its closest relative is the genus Stromatopteris,^[3] restricted to New Caledonia.

Description

These ferns have creeping rhizomes. The compound eaves fork multiple times, with the final leaf lobes ending in a pinnate arrangement. The sori are found at the bottom of the leaves and are made of a few sporangia. They are not covered by an indusium (protective covering).^[4] The sori occur in a unique chamber in the laminar pits - a feature found only in this genus.^[5]

Fossil record

Gleichenia dicarpa leaves

The fossil record indicates that this genus had emerged by the late Jurassic period, although it was far more common in the early Cretaceous period.^[6] There is some evidence that it may have emerged even earlier - in the upper Triassic period.^[7] There are, however, multiple genera in the fossil record that show a similar leaf branching pattern to Gleichenia, which can make it difficult to determine the exact identity of a specimen that does not have adequately preserved fruiting bodies.^[8]

Fossils have been found in across a wide geograhic range including:

• The Pariwar formation in India (Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary)
• Gardeshwar in India (early Cretaceous)^[9]
• The Silty Beds of Bedfordshire in England (early Albian age, early Cretaceous).^[10]
• The USA (Cretaceous)^[7]
• New South Wales, Australia (Miocene epoch, Neogene period)^[5]

Species

The following species are recognised as of February 2023:^{[1][2][11][12]}

Phylogeny of Gleichenia^[13][14]

Gleichenia polypodioides (L.) Sm.

Gleichenia alpina R.Br.

Gleichenia mendellii (G.Schneid.) S.B.Andrews

Gleichenia microphylla R.Br. (Scrambling coral fern, parasol fern, umbrella fern)

Gleichenia dicarpa R.Br. (Pouched coral fern, tangle fern)

Gleichenia rupestris R.Br.

Gleichenia abscida Rodway

Gleichenia inclusisora Perrie, L.D.Sheph. & Brownsey

Unassigned species:

• Gleichenia alstonii Holttum
• Gleichenia elongata Baker
• Gleichenia matthewii Holttum
• Gleichenia paleacea (Copel.) Holttum
• Gleichenia peltophora Copel.
• Gleichenia ×punctulata Colenso
• Gleichenia vulcanica Blume

References

Gleichenia es un género con 165 especies de plantas vasculares perteneciente a la familia Gleicheniaceae. Es originario de América y África tropical.^[1]​^[2]​

Algunas especies

• Gleichenia abscida Rodway
• Gleichenia alpina R.Br.
• Gleichenia bolanica Rosenst.
• Gleichenia brassii C.Chr.
• Gleichenia dicarpa R.Br.
• Gleichenia erecta C.Chr.
• Gleichenia mendellii S.B.Andrews
• Gleichenia rupestris R.Br.
• Gleichenia venosa (Copel.) Holttum
• Gleichenia vulcanica Blume

Referencias

Gleichenia est un genre de fougères de la famille des Gleicheniaceae.

Liste d'espèces

• Selon ITIS :
  • Gleichenia owhyhensis Hook.
• Autres espèces :
  • Gleichenia abscida Rodway
  • Gleichenia alpina R.Br.
  • Gleichenia dicarpa R.Br.
  • Gleichenia mendellii (G.Schneid.) S.B.Andrews
  • Gleichenia microphylla R.Br.
  • Gleichenia rupestris R.Br.

Notes et références

Gleichenia is een geslacht met 19 soorten varens uit de familie Gleicheniaceae.

Het zijn varens van tropische streken uit Afrika, Azië en Australië.

Naamgeving en etymologie

• Synoniem: Calymella C. Presl (1836), Gleichenia Copel. (1947), Gleicheniastrum Presl (1848)

De botanische naam Gleichenia is een eerbetoon aan de Duitse botanicus Wilhelm Friedrich Von Gleichen-Rußwurm (1717-1783).

Kenmerken

Gleichenia laevissima, detail blad met eindstandige knop en sporenhoopjes

Gleichenia zijn terrestrische varens met een kruipende, vertakte rizoom, bezet met lancetvormige of diep ingesneden schubben. De bladstelen staan verspreid. De bladen vertakken zich meermaals dichotoom en dragen eindstandige knoppen, eveneens dicht bezet met schubben.

De sporenhoopjes zitten in groepjes van vier langs de nerven aan de onderzijde van de bladen en bezitten geen dekvliesje.

Soortenlijst

Het geslacht telt 19 soorten:

• Gleichenia abscida Rodway (1903)
• Gleichenia alpina R. Br. (1810)
• Gleichenia alstonii Holtt. (1957)
• Gleichenia angustiloba Holtt. (1957)
• Gleichenia boryi Kze. (1844)
• Gleichenia deflexa Holtt. (1957)
• Gleichenia dicarpa R. Br. (1810)
• Gleichenia elongata Bak. (1901)
• Gleichenia hooglandii Holtt. (1967)
• Gleichenia lepidota R.Rodr. (1990)
• Gleichenia matthewii Holtt. (1957)
• Gleichenia mendellii (G.Schneid.) S.B.Andrews (1990)
• Gleichenia microphylla R. Br. (1810)
• Gleichenia paleacea (Copel.) Holtt. (1957)
• Gleichenia papuana Holtt. (1957)
• Gleichenia peltophora Copel. (1929)
• Gleichenia polypodioides (L.) Sm. (1793)
• Gleichenia rupestris R. Br. (1810)
• Gleichenia vulcanica Bl. (1828)

• Flora of Mozambique (en)
• Flora of Zimbabwe (en)
• Family Gleicheniaceae, genus Gleichenia - World species list (en)

Chi Guột danh pháp khoa học Gleichenia là một chi thực vật thuộc họ Guột (Gleicheniaceae)

Các loài

Cho đến hiện tại chi này được ghi nhận gồm khoảng gần 20 loài (nó được dự kiến là nhiều hơn)^[1] phân bố trên khắp thế giới từ các vùng nhiệt đới đến ôn hòa nam bán cầu:^[2]

• Gleichenia abscida Rodway
• Gleichenia alpina R.Br.
• Gleichenia clemensiae (Copel.) Holttum.
• Gleichenia cryptocarpa
• Gleichenia dicarpa R.Br. – Pouched Coral Fern, Tangle Fern
• Gleichenia dichotoma (Thunb.) Hook.
• Gleichenia excelsa J. Sm. ex Hook.
• Gleichenia glaucescens (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Kunth
• Gleichenia laevigata (Willd.) Hook.
• Gleichenia litoralis C. Chr.
• Gleichenia longissima Blume.
• Gleichenia mendellii (G.Schneid.) S.B.Andrews
• Gleichenia microphylla R.Br. – Scrambling Coral Fern, Parasol Fern, Umbrella Fern,
• Gleichenia owhyhensis Hook.
• Gleichenia paleacea (Copel.) Holttum.
• Gleichenia polypodioides (L.) Sm.
• Gleichenia pulchra (Copel.) Holttum.
• Gleichenia quadripartita
• Gleichenia rupestris R.Br.
• Gleichenia squamulosa
• Gleichenia umbraculifera T. Moore
• Gleichenia venosa (Copel.) Holttum

Chú thích

Tham khảo

• Dữ liệu liên quan tới Gleichenia tại Wikispecies
• Smith's original description of the genus online at Project Gutenberg

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