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Kleine Zwerg-Schwertlilie (Iris histrioides) ist eine Pflanzenart aus der Gattung der Schwertlilien (Iris) innerhalb der Familie der Schwertliliengewächse (Iridaceae).
Es ist eine ausdauernde krautige Pflanze, die Zwiebeln als Überdauerungsorgane bildet. Die Blätter erscheinen erst nach den Blüten. Sie ist anfangs 10 bis 20, mit den Blättern später bis 50 Zentimeter hoch. Die Blüten sind blau oder violettblau. Die Hängeblätter sind waagerecht, die Platte ist fast kreisrund, der Mittelstreifen ist gelb. Am Grund ist ein weißer, blaugepunkteter und geaderter Fleck vorhanden, der vom Nagel durch eine deutliche Bucht abgesetzt ist. Die Domblätter sind aufrecht. Die beiden Hochblätter sind dünn und papierartig, ihre Quernerven sind deutlich erkennbar.
Blütezeit ist von März bis April.
Die Chromosomenzahl beträgt 2n = 16.[1]
Die Heimat der Iris histrioides sind Berghänge und offene Koniferenwälder in der Nord-Türkei.
Synonyme für den Artnamen sind: Iris reticulata Bieb. var. histrioides G.F.Wilson und Iridodictyum histrioides (G.F.Wilson) Nothdurft.
Kleine Zwerg-Schwertlilie (Iris histrioides) ist eine Pflanzenart aus der Gattung der Schwertlilien (Iris) innerhalb der Familie der Schwertliliengewächse (Iridaceae).
Iris histrioides, the orchis iris, winter iris or Harput iris, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Iris, subgenus Hermodactyloides of the family Iridaceae. It is a bulbous perennial, that is native to Turkey, and has bluish scented flowers. It is cultivated as a plant for ornamental purposes in temperate regions, and has many known cultivars.
It is similar in form to Iris histrio, but with flowers a deeper shade of blue,[2] and shorter stem.[3]
It has bulbs which are coated with a solid brown fibrous network.[4]
It has leaves that grow up to 40–50 cm (16–20 in) high,[3][5] and are squarish in cross section, thicker than in other Reticulatas.[3] They appear after the flowers have bloomed or sometimes as they open.[3][4][6]
It has a very very short stem.[4]
The flower is about 6–7 cm (2.4–2.8 in) tall.[5][7][8]
It blooms in early spring, normally January,[5] or February.[4]
It has flowers that vary in shade from bright blue to violet.[4][7][9]
Like other irises, it has 2 pairs of petals, 3 large sepals (outer petals), known as the 'falls' and 3 inner, smaller petals (or tepals), known as the 'standards'.[10]: 17 The falls have a yellow signal, with many black spots,[4][7][8] also they have a yellow ridge.[7][8] The flowers can last up to a week on the plant, depending on the weather.[4]
As most irises are diploid, having two sets of chromosomes, this can be used to identify hybrids and classification of groupings.[10]: 18 It has been counted several times. Reported chromosome numbers have differed, given as 2n=17 by Randolph & Mitra in 1959, 2n=16 by Johnson & Mathew in 1989, and 2n=16+1B by Johnson & Brandham in 1997.[11]
It is normally stated as 2n=16,[4] or 2n=17.[7]
It is sometimes known as the 'Orchis Iris',[12][13] ‘winter iris’,[14] or 'Harput iris',[2] after the Turkish city of Harput.[15]
It was first published as Iris reticulata var. histrioides and described by G.F.Wilson in Gardeners' Chronicles ser.3 Vol.9 n page 117 in 1891.[11] In 1892, in the 'Journal of Horticulture' Vol.III Issue 24 on page 121, Samuel Arnott republished it as Iris histrioides.[16]
The specific epithet histrioides, refers to resembling Iris histrio.[4][17]
Iris histrioides was verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 3 April 2003, then updated on 1 December 2004.[18]
It is found in Asia minor,[2] or Turkey,[4][19] near Amasya.[7]
It commonly grows on the mountain slopes,[14][3] within pine forests,[3] at an altitude of 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) above sea level.[3][19][4]
It was on the 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants.[20]
It is a hardy species,[8] to between USDA Zone: 5 - 8.[21] It is hardier than Iris histrio.[3] But be planted in well-drained soils, to protect from summer rains, which will rot the bulb.[4]
It is suitable for a rock or gravel garden or front of border.[22] It likes rocky soils that dry out completely in summer.[4]
Once the bulb has been planted, it can take many years to reach flowering size. Also it has the habit of the main bulb splitting into many bulblets, that can take many years to reach flowering size.[23]
Grows well outside but also good in the alpine house. This species is represented in cultivation by several cultivars.[3]
Iris histrioides f. major
Variety 'Gerorge'
Variety 'Katharine Hodgkin'
Like many other irises, most parts of the plant are poisonous (rhizome and leaves), if mistakenly ingested can cause stomach pains and vomiting. Also handling the plant may cause a skin irritation or an allergic reaction.[29]
Iris histrioides and Iris persica L. have been used as food ingredients in Turkey.[30]
Iris histrioides, the orchis iris, winter iris or Harput iris, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Iris, subgenus Hermodactyloides of the family Iridaceae. It is a bulbous perennial, that is native to Turkey, and has bluish scented flowers. It is cultivated as a plant for ornamental purposes in temperate regions, and has many known cultivars.
Snöiris, (Iris histrioides),[1] är en irisväxtart som först beskrevs av George Fergusson Wilson, och fick sitt nu gällande namn av Samuel Arnott. Iris histrioides ingår i irissläktet, och familjen irisväxter.[2][3] Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.[2]
Iris histrioides f. major
Varietén 'Gerorge'
Varietén 'Katharine Hodgkin'
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Snöiris, (Iris histrioides), är en irisväxtart som först beskrevs av George Fergusson Wilson, och fick sitt nu gällande namn av Samuel Arnott. Iris histrioides ingår i irissläktet, och familjen irisväxter. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.
Iris histrioides là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Diên vĩ. Loài này được (G.F.Wilson) S.Arn. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1892.[1]
Iris histrioides là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Diên vĩ. Loài này được (G.F.Wilson) S.Arn. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1892.
