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The Entiminae are a large subfamily in the weevil family Curculionidae, containing most of the short-nosed weevils, including such genera as Entimus, Otiorhynchus, Phyllobius, Sitona, and Pachyrrhynchus. In comparison with their stunning diversity, only a few of these weevils are notorious pests of major economic importance. Entimines are commonly encountered in the field, including urban environments, and abundant in entomological collections.
There are over 12000 described species worldwide, distributed in over 1370 genera,[1] nearly 14000 by more recent counts.[2] Most tribes are represented in only one biogeographic region of the world. The current classification within the subfamily has been recognized as artificial rather than reflecting natural groups.[1]
Besides the shape of their broad and short rostrum, most entimines are easily recognized by the presence of a mandibular scar that appears when a deciduous process falls off the mandible, shortly after the emergence of the adult from the pupal stage.[3]
In general, entimines tend to feed on a broad range of plants (polyphagous), but there are instances of oligophagy. In general, the larvae feed externally on roots in the soil and adults feed on foliage.[1][3] They also show preference for habitat or substrate rather than plant specificity.[1]
Entimine weevils are primarily associated with angiosperms, but there are also species recorded from gymnosperms. They feed on monocotyledoneous and a broad range of dicotyledoneous plants, including members of the families Fabaceae, Malvaceae, Rutaceae, Solanaceae, and many more.[1]
The most commonly seen/known species are usually those associated with vegetation, where there is a trend to find more abundance and less diversity in cultivated areas, whereas forested or less disturbed areas tend to have more diversity and less abundance; there is a lot of diversity represented in the soil and on leaf litter, which is often overlooked.[4]
The most effective method for collecting entimines from vegetation would be using a beating sheet or by manual collecting; for soil entimines the best method would be leaf litter sifting.
Entimines may lay eggs loosely on the substrate, or in clusters glued onto the vegetation [5] and do not use their rostrum to prepare their oviposition site.[1] Over 50 species of entimines have been reported as parthenogenetic.[1]
The integument of entimines can be black, reddish, orange and even metallic in coloration. Many species of Entiminae are covered by scales arranged in a broad variety of patterns. Those scales bear three dimensional photonic crystals[6] within their lumen, which makes the scales iridescent.[1]
Many species are flightless, which usually can be seen externally: the elytral shoulders (outer anterior corners of the elytra) are reduced to absent in apterous and brachypterous forms and well-developed in species with well-developed wings.
The current tribal classification of Entiminae follows Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal [7] for the most part, with a few updates by Bouchard et al.[8] The latest tribal addition is the Namaini Borovec & Meregalli.[9] Currently, there are 55 tribes recognized in the subfamily.
A key to identify tribes is presented by Legalov.[10]
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) Dorsal views of the head of Compsus auricephalus (Eustylini) and Apodrosus quisqueyanus (Polydrusini) showing their deciduous processes. 
Pseudoedophrys hilleri Head of Compsus auricephalus indicating mandibular scar. The Entiminae are a large subfamily in the weevil family Curculionidae, containing most of the short-nosed weevils, including such genera as Entimus, Otiorhynchus, Phyllobius, Sitona, and Pachyrrhynchus. In comparison with their stunning diversity, only a few of these weevils are notorious pests of major economic importance. Entimines are commonly encountered in the field, including urban environments, and abundant in entomological collections.
Los entiminos (Entiminae) son una gran subfamilia de curculionidos. La subfamilia agrupa alrededor de 1150 géneros con más de 12.200 especies. Las especies de esta subfamilia se conocen informalmente como "adelognatha" (Del griego Adelos = invisible, escondido; Gnathos = mandíbula), reconocidos comúnmente como los gorgojos de trompa corta y ancha. Incluyendo a géneros como Otiorhynchus, Phyllobius y Sitona. Algunos entiminos son de importancia agrícola, al crear serios daños a los planteles productivos.
El burrito de la vid, Naupactus xanthographus, es una especie muy estudiada en el Cono Sur de América debido a los daños que provoca en frutales. Las larvas atacan a los sistemas radicales, mientras los adultos defolian la parte verde de la planta. Se tiene registro de la presencia de Naupactus xanthographus en Brasil, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay y Chile. En España Otiorhynchus cribricollis, llamado comúnmente otiorrinco, es una plaga que puede significar altas pérdidas económicas. Es una especie polífaga que ataca a frutales y hortalizas indistintamente. Otiorhynchus cribricollis es originario de Europa meridional y mediterránea aunque está extendido por el norte de África. Se ha introducido accidentalmente también en Estados Unidos, Australia y Nueva Zelanda. Al no poseer alas, las barreras físicas son capaces de evitar su acceso a las zonas de interés.
Algunos géneros y especies notables también aparecen en la lista.
Diasprepes sp.
Maleuterpes spinipes
Polyteles coelestinus
Asynonychus
Pseudoedophrys hilleri
Otiorhynchus sp.
Los entiminos (Entiminae) son una gran subfamilia de curculionidos. La subfamilia agrupa alrededor de 1150 géneros con más de 12.200 especies. Las especies de esta subfamilia se conocen informalmente como "adelognatha" (Del griego Adelos = invisible, escondido; Gnathos = mandíbula), reconocidos comúnmente como los gorgojos de trompa corta y ancha. Incluyendo a géneros como Otiorhynchus, Phyllobius y Sitona. Algunos entiminos son de importancia agrícola, al crear serios daños a los planteles productivos.
Les Entiminae sont une sous-famille d'insectes de l'ordre des Coléoptères (insectes possédant en général deux paires d'ailes incluant entre autres les scarabées, coccinelles, lucanes, chrysomèles, hannetons, charançons et carabes) appartenant à la famille des Curculionidae. Cette sous-famille de charançons comprend environ douze mille espèces.
Selon BioLib (23 nov. 2013)[1] :
Les Entiminae sont une sous-famille d'insectes de l'ordre des Coléoptères (insectes possédant en général deux paires d'ailes incluant entre autres les scarabées, coccinelles, lucanes, chrysomèles, hannetons, charançons et carabes) appartenant à la famille des Curculionidae. Cette sous-famille de charançons comprend environ douze mille espèces.
