dcsimg

Distribution ( Inglês )

fornecido por EOL authors
Fouquieria splendens occurs over a large swath of the desert southwestern USA, from the Sonoran Desert in southeastern California, Baja California and Northern Mexico including western Arizona, extending across the arid regions of southern Nevada, New Mexico and west Texas.
licença
cc-by-nc
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
EOL authors

Ocotillo-Fouquieria splendens ( Inglês )

fornecido por EOL authors

The Ocotillo is an indigenous plant to the Sonoran Desert. It is not a true cactus because of its unique adaption it uses to survive. During most of the year, it appears dry, and brown. However, come the rain season, the Ocotillo blooms. In fact, within hours of a rainfall the plant magically returns to live, bringing small green leaves sprouting like hairs all over. During the rainfall in spring or summer, the Ocotillo blooms bright red-orange flowers that appear at tip of each stem. Ocotillo can be planted year round; surviving on 8 inches of rain per year. It reproduces when it dries up after a rain, and scatters its seeds.

It can be used to produce resources like natural fencing material used in their native regions. The flowers can be tossed in a salad, giving a nice tangy flavor. Many native American Indian tribes use the crushed flowers or roots to slow bleeding. The Ocotillo can be used to alleviate coughing, achy limbs, UTI, and benign prostate growth.

licença
cc-by-3.0
direitos autorais
kelsey_Edwards
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
EOL authors

Common Names ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
ocotillo
candlewood
Jacob's staff
coachwhip cactus
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Cover Value ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term: cover

When in leaf, ocotillo probably provides cover for birds and small
mammals.
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Description ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms: bisexual, caliche, capsule, fruit, root crown, shrub

Ocotillo is a drought-deciduous shrub with 6 to 100 wandlike branches
that arise from the root crown. Stems are 9 to 30 feet (2-9 m) tall
with spines to 1.5 inches (4 cm) long. Leaves grow to 2 inches (5 cm)
long and are thick and leathery. Leaf abscission occurs under water
stress so ocotillo appears leafless most of the year, but it quickly
refoliates after rain [24,29,43,49,69]. Four or five crops of leaves may
be produced annually [33,36]. The leaves mature within a few weeks and
are then shed [36,49]. Ocotillo is dormant when leafless and is
protected from further water loss by its waterproof bark [36]. The
bisexual scarlet flowers are clustered at the stem tips in a panicle and
often appear before the leaves in spring. The fruit is a capsule that
contains numerous, winged seeds [24,43,49,69].

The root system of ocotillo is shallow with a few laterals branching
from the main taproot just below the soil surface [11,36,76]. Taproots
penetrated to a depth of 3 to 6 inches (8-15 cm) on adobe clay underlain
by caliche on the bajada of Tumamoc Hill near Tucson, Arizona [11].

Ocotillo has the physical capacity to produce leaves without the
concurrent movement of nutrients or hormones from the roots, and without
addition of exogenous nutrients or hormones. The process is dependent
of water availability. Cut ocotillo stems decoupled from root activity
began to refoliate within 24 hours after being placed in water, even
after months of dry storage. The largest leaves were approximately 1
inch (2.4 cm) long within 8 days. The cut stems did not produce roots
[31], although stem cuttings are known to sprout [29,69].

Ocotillo has extrafloral nectaries (nectar-secreting glands) located on
the flower buds that may promote mutualistic interactions with insects.
Insects gain nutrients and water while ocotillo gains decreased
herbivory [48], particularly during the reproductive period
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Distribution ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
Ocotillo is distributed from the southern tip of Nevada south through
the Mohave and Sonoran deserts of California to Arizona and east to the
Chihuahuan Desert of New Mexico and western Texas [16,24,29,47,69]. In
Mexico, ocotillo occurs in Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, ,
Sonora, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Durango, and Sinaloa [21,69].
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Fire Ecology ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms: cover, fire frequency, fire severity, frequency, grassland, root crown, severity

Ocotillo bark contains resin and wax which allow it to burn easily
[69]. Its seeds probably do not survive for long in the soil [78] and
seedlings are not known to establish in recently burned areas. Ocotillo
does sprout from the root crown following damage from fire, but its
sprouting ability is probably dependent on fire severity [73]. Fires
that occur when ocotillo is leafless (as it is for much of the year) may
be less harmful than those that occur when the plant is actively growing.

Fires in general are not prevalent over much of the range of ocotillo.
Although desert vegetation rarely burns completely due to a lack of
continuous fuels, unusually heavy winter rains may produce a cover of
annual species dense enough to carry a fire when cured. Fires resulting
from this situation tend to occur at the desert shrub-desert grassland
ecotone [28], or in tobosa (Hilaria mutica) or sacaton (Sporobolus spp.)
swales [27], which are common habitats for ocotillo. Thomas [63] has
estimated that fire frequency in the Sonoran Desert is over 250 years,
but has cited references suggesting that fire intervals in adjacent
desert grasslands may be as short as 3 to 40 years. During the period
of 1973 to 1979, 210 fires burned in the Lower Colorado and Arizona
Upland subdivisions of the Sonoran Desert [52].
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Fire Management Considerations ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
Humphrey [26,27] suggested that the invasion of woody species (such as
ocotillo) into desert grasslands can be reversed or controlled by
burning at 5- to 10-year intervals.
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Growth Form (according to Raunkiær Life-form classification) ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic.

More info for the term: phanerophyte

Phanerophyte
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Habitat characteristics ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms: caliche, grassland, shrub

Ocotillo is found on dry, well-drained, rocky slopes, mesas, bajadas,
outwash plains, and valleys in desert shrub and desert grassland
habitats [8,13,23,26,29,69,71]. Soils are generally rocky, shallow, and
of limestone or granitic origin and are often underlain by caliche
[26,40,71]. Ocotillo generally occurs from sea level to approximately
5,200 feet (1,600 m) elevation [16,26,72]. It may reach its upper
elevational limits 900 to 1,500 feet (270-450 m) higher on limestone
than on granitic soils [56]. In the Guadalupe and Del Norte mountains
of the Trans-Pecos region of Texas, ocotillo is found on limestone
ridgetops, outcrops, and slopes, at elevations as high as 6,700 feet
(2,050 m) [10,12,32]. Ocotillo may also occur at higher elevations in
oak woodlands above desert grassland communities [37,45]. Aspect is
generally south or southeast, where surface temperatures allow daily
thawing even with freezing air temperatures above the surface layer
[10].

In the Sonoran Desert ocotillo is found from the valley plains to upper
bajadas at elevations up to 2,300 feet (700 m). It is probably more
abundant on the upper bajadas due to rapid infiltration and thus greater
available soil moisture in the coarse rocky upland soils than in the
heavy silt loams of the valley plains [70].
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Habitat: Cover Types ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic.

This species is known to occur in association with the following cover types (as classified by the Society of American Foresters):

66 Ashe juniper - redberry (Pinchot) juniper
68 Mesquite
235 Cottonwood - willow
241 Western live oak
242 Mesquite
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Habitat: Ecosystem ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic.

This species is known to occur in the following ecosystem types (as named by the U.S. Forest Service in their Forest and Range Ecosystem [FRES] Type classification):

More info for the term: shrub

FRES28 Western hardwoods
FRES30 Desert shrub
FRES32 Texas savanna
FRES33 Southwestern shrubsteppe
FRES34 Chaparral - mountain shrub
FRES40 Desert grasslands
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Habitat: Plant Associations ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic.

This species is known to occur in association with the following plant community types (as classified by Küchler 1964):

More info for the terms: cactus, shrub

K027 Mesquite bosque
K031 Oak - juniper woodlands
K041 Creosotebush
K042 Creosotebush - bursage
K043 Paloverde - cactus shrub
K044 Creosotebush - tarbush
K045 Ceniza shrub
K046 Desert: vegetation largely lacking
K053 Grama - galleta steppe
K054 Grama - tobosa prairie
K058 Grama - tobosa shrubsteppe
K059 Trans-Pecos shrub savanna
K060 Mesquite savanna
K061 Mesquite - acacia savanna
K086 Juniper - oak savanna
K087 Mesquite - oak savanna
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Importance to Livestock and Wildlife ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
Habitats dominated or codominated by ocotillo are important to mule and
white-tailed deer in the San Cayetano Mountains in south-central
Arizona. White-tailed deer prefer communities which include ocotillo
fom February to April. Honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa var.
glandulosa)-ocotillo habitat types are indicative of mule deer habitat;
79 percent of observed deer were found in these types during May, June,
and July [2,59]. White-tailed deer had a higher volume of ocotillo in
their diet in drought years than in nondrought years, whereas mule deer
had a higher volume of ocotillo in their diet in nondrought years [1].
Actual ocotillo use by deer in Arizona and New Mexico is considered low
(1-5% of rumen contents) [54].

Ocotillo is eaten by desert bighorn sheep in the Harquahala Mountains in
Arizona [53].

Ocotillo has no forage value for livestock [26], although cattle and
goats have been observed browsing it on floodplains along the Rio Grande
[14].

Birds of the Organ Pipe National Monument utilize ocotillo for foraging [46].
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Key Plant Community Associations ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms: codominant, forest, grassland, natural, woodland

Ocotillo is a characteristic species of the vegetation of the Sonoran
and Chihuahuan deserts [8,23,25,38,49,57,64,66]. In the Sonoran Desert,
ocotillo is a dominant member of mixed woody, succulent scrub,
creosotebush (Larrea tridentata) scrub, and shrub-grassland associations
on well-drained rocky slopes, bajadas, and alluvial fans, often with
shallow soils [25,37,57,64,66,71]. Ocotillo is a dominant species in
desert scrub, lechuguilla (Agave lechuguilla) scrub, and yucca (Yucca
spp.) woodland vegetation of the Chihuahuan Desert on rocky bajadas,
slopes, and ridges [8,23,37,40].

Ocotillo is also prominent in desert grassland and oak woodland habitats
at elevations above desert scrub vegetation [1,37,45], and in
subtropical thorn scrub or thorn forest communities [7,65,68].

Publications listing ocotillo as a dominant, codominant, or indicator
species in vegetation classifications follow:

Sonoran desertscrub [66]
Natural terrestrial communities of Brewster County, Texas, with special
reference to the distribution of the mammals [13]
Vegetation and flora of Fort Bowie National Historic Site, Arizona [71]
A vegetation classification system applied to southern California [47]

Some species commonly associated with ocotillo not mentioned in
Distribution and Occurrence include saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea),
leatherstem (Jatropha spp.), jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis), range ratany
(Krameria parvifolia), Wheeler sotol (Dasylirion wheeleri), brittle bush
(Encelia farinosa), lechuguilla, ironwood (Olneya tesota),
false-mesquite (Calliandra eriophylla), wolfberry (Lycium spp.), agave
(Agave spp.), yucca (Yucca spp.), acacia (Acacia spp.), prickly pear and
cholla (Opuntia spp.), threeawn (Aristida spp.), and grama (Bouteloua
spp.) [5,6,9,23,30,37,45,57,68].

Ocotillo may also be associated with, or in close proximity to, riparian
habitats along rivers, floodplains, or desert washes. In these
instances ocotillo may occur with narrowleaf cottonwood (Populus
angustifolia), Fremont cottonwood (P. fremontii), boxelder (Acer
negundo), Arizona walnut (Juglans major), honey mesquite (Prosopis
glandulosa), sycamore (Platanus spp.), oaks (Quercus spp.), and blue
paloverde (Cercidium floridum) [14,19,41,62].
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Life Form ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term: shrub

Shrub
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Management considerations ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms: competition, shrubs

Ocotillo increased under protection from livestock grazing (0.5 to 2.4%
frequency) over a 50-year period at the Carnegie Desert Laboratory in
southern Arizona. The vegetation was dominated by Sonoran Desert
species such as ocotillo, creosotebush, foothill paloverde (Cercidium
microphyllum), and saguaro [4].

Ocotillo produces tannins which may help in its defense against
herbivory [75].

The endangered Lucifer hummingbird's habitat in New Mexico centers on
slopes and adjacent canyons in arid montane areas dominated by ocotillo
and agave species [44].

Ocotillo competes for space with jumping cholla (Opuntia fulgida) in
Arizona upland vegetation associations. Its root system may also
overlap with that of saguaro, suggesting competition for root space
between the two [76].

Removal of grasses by grazing may allow shrubs, including ocotillo, to
increase in low desert grasslands [79].
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Nutritional Value ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
Nutrient values (in percent) of ocotillo in samples collected from the
Harquahala Mountains, Arizona in 1982 follow [53]:

Fiber*
Dry matter Protein ADF NDF Lignin Cellulose
__________________________________________________________________________
Jan-Feb 27.46 20.50 14.22 12.42 2.60 7.33
Mar-April 13.10 17.20 10.79 22.83 3.40 7.78
May-June 35.33 12.69 11.15 15.90 3.08 8.24
July-Aug 39.24 17.35 13.09 17.68 3.12 9.78
Sep-Oct 30.00 5.91 13.35 15.18 3.21 9.45

*ADF--acid detergent fiber; NDF--nonacid detergent fiber
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Occurrence in North America ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
AZ CA NV NM TX MEXICO
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Other uses and values ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term: cactus

In the Southwest, ocotillo stems are cut and planted close together to
make living fences or walls. Ocotillo makes an excellent ornamental in
desert landscaping theme and cactus gardens [22,49,60,69]. The resin
and wax from ocotillo bark is used for conditioning leather [34,49,69].
Historically, ocotillo fruits and flowers were eaten by Cahuilla
Indians. Roots were powdered by Apache Indians and used to treat wounds
and painful swellings. They also bathed in an ocotillo root mixture to
relieve fatigue [34,49,69]. A beverage made from ocotillo flowers was
used for cough medicine [69].
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Phenology ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic.

More info for the term: seed

Ocotillo generally flowers from March to June depending on latitude
[29,43,49]. In southern Arizona ocotillo produces flowers from March to
May and flowering generally lasts 50 to 60 days. Seed drop occurs from
May to mid-June [72].

The following phenological pattern was observed in ocotillo on an upper
bajada in the Chihuahuan Desert in New Mexico between July 1978 and June
1980 [30]:

September-October, 1978 --growth of new leaves
October-November, 1978 --leaf abscission
April, 1979 --initiation of flower buds
April-May, 1979 --flowering
May, 1979 --growth of new leaves
June-July, 1979 --mature fruits
July-August, 1979 --leaf yellowing
August-September, 1979 --growth of new leaves
October, 1979 --leaf abscission
April, 1980 --initiation of flower buds
April-May, 1980 --flowering
May, 1980 --growth of new leaves
June, 1980 --mature fruits
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Post-fire Regeneration ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms: fire regime, root crown, secondary colonizer, seed, shrub

Tall shrub, adventitious-bud root crown
Secondary colonizer - off-site seed


FIRE REGIMES :
Find fire regime information for the plant communities in
which this species may occur by entering the species name in the FEIS home page under "Find FIRE REGIMES".
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Regeneration Processes ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms: association, seed, shrub

Ocotillo reproduces by basal sprouting [73,78] and sprouting from stem
cuttings [29,69].

Ocotillo flowers produce nectar and are pollinated by hummingbirds and
bees. Ocotillo may self pollinate to a limited extent. In southern
Arizona flowering coincides with the northward migration of
hummingbirds. Seed set per flower is greater for plants flowering
during migration than for plants flowering after hummingbirds have
migrated [50,72].

Freeman [16] stated that each ocotillo plant produces at most a few
hundred highly viable seeds (viability of 90%) per year that are known
to germinate after rain. Germination remains relatively high (about
40%) even after 8 days of exposure to temperatures of 104 degrees
Fahrenheit (40 deg C) for 12 hours each day. This lack of sensitivity
to high temperatures suggests that ocotillo can germinate readily after
late summer rains. Ocotillo seeds probably do not survive for long in
the soil. Ocotillo probably requires a sequence of favorable conditions
to regenerate well, such as heavy winter rain for seed production
followed by heavy summer rain for seedling establishment [78]. Shreve
[55] reported that ocotillo had low and erratic seedling establishment
and a large amount of seedling mortality due to moisture stress. After
summer rains extremely high densities of seedlings (more than 100/sq m)
were observed, but less than 1 percent of those survived to 1 year of
age. Survival from year 1 to 7 was approximately 27 percent. No
ocotillo seedlings were found in the months following heavy September
rainfall in a desert community in San Diego County, California [78].

The winged seeds of ocotillo are probably wind dispersed.

Ocotillo recruitment has a positive significant (p less than 0.05) association
with triangle bursage (Ambrosia deltoidea) in desert shrub communities
in Arizona [39].
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Regional Distribution in the Western United States ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic.

This species can be found in the following regions of the western United States (according to the Bureau of Land Management classification of Physiographic Regions of the western United States):

7 Lower Basin and Range
12 Colorado Plateau
13 Rocky Mountain Piedmont
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Successional Status ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic.

More info for the term: seed

Little information is available on the successional status of ocotillo.
Seedlings are rarely found on disturbed soils [76] but are found under
the canopy of mature plants [39,77]. Zedler [78] stated that ocotillo
is a long-lived stable element of desert vegetation with specialized
requirements for seed germination that limit its capacity to exploit
opportunities for population expansion. Shreve [58] reported that the
rate of growth and mortality of ocotillo are high and that its life span
probably does not exceed 60 years. Others have observed ocotillo plants
that were 72+ years old [20].

Ocotillo persisted on eroded clay beds on a few inches to 1 foot (30 cm)
of soil in the early stages of erosion at the Tornilla Clay Beds, Texas
[42].
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Taxonomy ( Inglês )

fornecido por Fire Effects Information System Plants
The currently accepted scientific name of ocotillo is Fouquieria
splendens Engelm. (Fouquieriaceae) [24,29,43,49,69]. There are no
recognized subspecies, varieties, or forms.
licença
cc-publicdomain
citação bibliográfica
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Fouquieria splendens. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Fouquieria splendens ( Catalão; Valenciano )

fornecido por wikipedia CA

Fouquieria splendens és una espècie del gènere Fouquieria de la família Fouquieriaceae. Es tracta d'una planta de flor adaptada a viure als deserts del sud-oest dels EUA i al nord de Mèxic.

Descripció

Durant la major part de l'any la planta sembla ser un conjunt de grans escuradents morts, tot i que un examen més proper revela que les tiges de la planta estan parcialment verdes. Amb les precipitacions de les escasses pluges, la planta s'arriba a cobrir ràpidament amb un gran nombre de fulles ovals petites (2 a 4 cm), que poden romandre durant setmanes o fins i tot mesos. El vermell brillant de les flors apareix a la primavera i l'estiu.

Les tiges poden arribar a un diàmetre de 5 cm a la base, i la planta pot arribar a mesurar fins a 10 m d'alçada. La planta ramifica molt pesadament a la base, però sobre aquesta les branques són com pals i es divideixen només més lluny de la base, i els espècimens als cultius poden no tenir cap branca secundària.

Els ramells de fulles endureixen embotits entre espines dorsals, i les fulles noves brollen de la base de l'espina dorsal.

Usos

Els pals de Fouquieria splendens són un material de camp comú per a les tanques a la seva regió nativa, i prenen sovint l'arrel per formar una tanca viva. A causa del seu pes lleuger i a una forma interessant, aquests s'han utilitzat per als bastons.

Distribució i hàbitat

És una planta del desert curiosa i única que es desenvolupa als deserts del sud-oest dels Estats Units i al nord de Mèxic.

Es troba associada generalment amb matollars xeròfits, matollars crassicaules (de tiges carnoses) espinós, amb Yucca, i a sòls negre, rocós, o calcaris.

Galeria

Referències

  1. «Fouquieria splendens» (en anglès). [Consulta: 13 juliol 2014].

Enllaços externs

 src= A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Fouquieria splendens Modifica l'enllaç a Wikidata  src= Podeu veure l'entrada corresponent a aquest tàxon, clade o naturalista dins el projecte Wikispecies.
licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Autors i editors de Wikipedia
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia CA

Fouquieria splendens: Brief Summary ( Catalão; Valenciano )

fornecido por wikipedia CA

Fouquieria splendens és una espècie del gènere Fouquieria de la família Fouquieriaceae. Es tracta d'una planta de flor adaptada a viure als deserts del sud-oest dels EUA i al nord de Mèxic.

licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Autors i editors de Wikipedia
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia CA

Okotillo ( Basco )

fornecido por wikipedia EU

Okotillo edo okotilo (Fouquieria splendens) Fukieriazeoen familiako zuhaixka da, Mojaveko eta Coloradoko basamortuetan hazten dena. 6 m luze egin daiteke. Enbor bakarra eta oso adartsua izaten du. Bi hostoaldi izaten ditu, baina hostoak oso iraupen txikikoak ditu, udaberriko eurien ondoren galtzen baititu lehenengo aldikoak, eta udan edo udazkenaren hasieran bigarren aldikoak. Oso adar arantzatsuak dituenez lursailetan muga egiteko erabiltzen dira.

Erreferentziak

Biologia Artikulu hau biologiari buruzko zirriborroa da. Wikipedia lagun dezakezu edukia osatuz.
(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Wikipediako egileak eta editoreak
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia EU

Okotillo: Brief Summary ( Basco )

fornecido por wikipedia EU

Okotillo edo okotilo (Fouquieria splendens) Fukieriazeoen familiako zuhaixka da, Mojaveko eta Coloradoko basamortuetan hazten dena. 6 m luze egin daiteke. Enbor bakarra eta oso adartsua izaten du. Bi hostoaldi izaten ditu, baina hostoak oso iraupen txikikoak ditu, udaberriko eurien ondoren galtzen baititu lehenengo aldikoak, eta udan edo udazkenaren hasieran bigarren aldikoak. Oso adar arantzatsuak dituenez lursailetan muga egiteko erabiltzen dira.

licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Wikipediako egileak eta editoreak
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia EU

Fouquieria splendens ( Vietnamita )

fornecido por wikipedia VI
 src= Wikimedia Commons có thư viện hình ảnh và phương tiện truyền tải về Fouquieria splendens

Fouquieria splendens (thường gọi là ocotillo (phát âm tiếng Tây Ban Nha: [okoˈtiʝo]), nhưng còn có tên tiếng Anh khác gồm coachwhip, candlewood, slimwood, desert coral, Jacob's staff, Jacob cactus, vine cactus) là một loài cây bản địa hoang mạc Sonorahoang mạc Chihuahua miềntây nam Hoa Kỳ (nam California, nam Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas), và bắc Mexico (lan đến tận HidalgoGuerrero).[2][3]

Đây không phải một loài xương rồng. Gần suốt năm, nó trông như một cái cây chết đầy gai, nếu quan sát kĩ thì thấy rằng vẫn có chỗ xanh. Khi trời mưa, nó nhanh chóng trở nên xanh tươi, mọc lá ngắn (2–4 cm), hình trứng, và cứ như vậy trong nhiều tuần (và có lúc kéo ra hàng tháng).

Nhánh cây có thể đạt đường kính 5 cm ở chạc. Cây có thể đạt chiều cao 10 m (33 ft). Cây chẻ nhánh ở gần gốc, nhưng nhánh lại thẳng như sào và ít rẽ nhánh con; cây trồng thường không có nhánh con nào. Cuống lá rắn dần thành gai, lá mới đâm chồi ở gốc gai.

Hoa đỏ thắm hay mọc sau cơn mưa vào mùa xuân, hè, có khi thu. Hoa mọc ở gần chóp nhánh. Phân hoa phân tán nhờ ông bầuchim ruồi.

Phân loài

Có ba phân loài là:

  • F. s. splendens Engelm.
  • F. s. breviflora Hendrickson
  • F. s. campanulata (Nash) Henrickson

Chú thích

  1. ^ The Plant List, Fouquieria splendens Engelm.
  2. ^ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
  3. ^ McVaugh, R. 2001. Ochnaceae to Loasaceae. 3: 9–751. In R. McVaugh (ed.) Flora Novo-Galiciana. The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor

Liên kết ngoài

licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia VI

Fouquieria splendens: Brief Summary ( Vietnamita )

fornecido por wikipedia VI

Fouquieria splendens (thường gọi là ocotillo (phát âm tiếng Tây Ban Nha: [okoˈtiʝo]), nhưng còn có tên tiếng Anh khác gồm coachwhip, candlewood, slimwood, desert coral, Jacob's staff, Jacob cactus, vine cactus) là một loài cây bản địa hoang mạc Sonorahoang mạc Chihuahua miềntây nam Hoa Kỳ (nam California, nam Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas), và bắc Mexico (lan đến tận HidalgoGuerrero).

Đây không phải một loài xương rồng. Gần suốt năm, nó trông như một cái cây chết đầy gai, nếu quan sát kĩ thì thấy rằng vẫn có chỗ xanh. Khi trời mưa, nó nhanh chóng trở nên xanh tươi, mọc lá ngắn (2–4 cm), hình trứng, và cứ như vậy trong nhiều tuần (và có lúc kéo ra hàng tháng).

Nhánh cây có thể đạt đường kính 5 cm ở chạc. Cây có thể đạt chiều cao 10 m (33 ft). Cây chẻ nhánh ở gần gốc, nhưng nhánh lại thẳng như sào và ít rẽ nhánh con; cây trồng thường không có nhánh con nào. Cuống lá rắn dần thành gai, lá mới đâm chồi ở gốc gai.

Hoa đỏ thắm hay mọc sau cơn mưa vào mùa xuân, hè, có khi thu. Hoa mọc ở gần chóp nhánh. Phân hoa phân tán nhờ ông bầuchim ruồi.

licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia VI

福桂树 ( Chinês )

fornecido por wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Fouquieria splendens
Engelm.

福桂树(学名:Fouquieria splendens)又称蜡烛木,是一种沙漠植物,生长于美国西南部墨西哥北部。一年中的绝大部份时期,福桂树看起来都像是将许多支巨大的有刺枯木插在地上一般,但靠近一点观察,其茎部其实有部份是绿色的。到了雨季时期,福桂树会很快地长满2-4公分的卵状,维持数周,甚至数月的时间。

福桂树的每枝茎的底部可长至直径5公分,长可至10公尺。福桂树会由底部分歧出许多枝干来,但这些枝干以上都如竹竿一般,且很少会再度分歧。

参考数据


 src= 维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源:福桂树
 title=
licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
维基百科作者和编辑
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia 中文维基百科

福桂树: Brief Summary ( Chinês )

fornecido por wikipedia 中文维基百科

福桂树(学名:Fouquieria splendens)又称蜡烛木,是一种沙漠植物,生长于美国西南部墨西哥北部。一年中的绝大部份时期,福桂树看起来都像是将许多支巨大的有刺枯木插在地上一般,但靠近一点观察,其茎部其实有部份是绿色的。到了雨季时期,福桂树会很快地长满2-4公分的卵状,维持数周,甚至数月的时间。

福桂树的每枝茎的底部可长至直径5公分,长可至10公尺。福桂树会由底部分歧出许多枝干来,但这些枝干以上都如竹竿一般,且很少会再度分歧。

licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
维基百科作者和编辑
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia 中文维基百科