Pica hudsonia (Sabine 1823)

Maximum longevity: 20 years (captivity) Observations: Often called *Pica pica hudsonia* and thus some confusion with the Eurasian magpie (*Pica pica*) is found in the literature. In fact, until recently these were not considered to be different species. Most males appear to begin breeding in their second year, though it is possible they reach sexual maturity earlier. Mean life expectancy is 3.5 years for males and 2.0 years for females. In captivity these animals can possibly live up to 20 years (http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/), though more detailed studies are warranted.