Description
(
Inglês
)
fornecido por AmphibiaWeb articles
Lepidobatrachus laevis is a large, stout, aquatic frog with a dorsoventrally flattened body. Females of this species may reach a total body length (SVL) of 100 mm, while a sexually mature male may be only half as large. In both sexes the head is large and robust, composing approximately 1/3 of the total body length, and broad to make room for the extraordinarily wide jaws of these animals. There are large teeth on the upper jaw and two large medially placed teeth or fangs on the lower jaw. The nostrils and eyes are dorsally positioned, the pupils are rhomboidal and the tympanum is distinct. The forelimbs and hind limbs are short, and the forelimbs are held forward while swimming. The digits of the forelimbs are unwebbed, but the digits of the hind limb are fully webbed and a large, spade-like, black inner metatarsal tubercle is present. The skin is mostly smooth except for the raised dorsal glandulae of the lateral line, which are distinct and from a “V” that narrows posteriorly. The dorsal coloration of L. laevis is dark green to gray with darker blotches outlined in orange that becomes more visible laterally. The nostrils and eyes may be outlined by lighter green, perhaps providing camouflage. The ventral surface is white or cream colored and unmarked. Sexually mature males possess a dark blue-black throat (Budgett 1899; Cei 1980).
- Aquino, L., De La Riva, I., and Céspedez, J. (2004). Lepidobatrachus laevis. In: IUCN 2009. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2009.1. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 22 June 2009.
- Budgett, J. S. (1899). ''Notes on the batrachians of the Paraguayan chaco, with observations upon their breeding habits and development, especially with regard to Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis, Cope. Also a description of a new genus.'' The Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 42(167), 305-333.
- Faivovich, J. (1994). ''La distribución del género Lepidobatrachus (Budgett, 1899) (Leptodactylidae: Ceratophryinae).'' Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 43(1), 137-174.
- Lavilla, E. O., and Cei, J. M. (2001). Amphibians of Argentina, A Second Update, 1987-2000. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino.
- Ruibal, R., and Thomas, E. (1988). ''The obligate carnivorous larvae of the frog Lepidobatrachus laevis (Leptodactylidae).'' Copeia, 1988(3), 591-604.
- Une, Y., Kadekaru, S., Tamukai, K., Goka, K., and Kuroki, T. (2008). ''First report of spontaneous chytridiomycosis in frogs in Asia .'' Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 82, 157-160.
Distribution and Habitat
(
Inglês
)
fornecido por AmphibiaWeb articles
L. laevis occur in the Gran Chaco of South America, a semiarid region extending into northern Argentina, southern Paraguay, and much of Bolivia. In Argentina this species can be found in the provinces of Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Salta, Santa Fe, Santiago del Estero (Faivovich 1994). Within Paraguay it is found in the departments of Alto Paraguay, Boquerón, and Presidente Hayes in Paraguay (Faivovich 1994). In Bolivia it occurs within the departments of Santa Cruz and Tarija (Aquino et al. 2004). Its altitudinal range is from 0-200 m asl (Aquino et al. 2004). Within the chaco, L. laevis is found in ephemeral pools (pozos) that form during the summer rains from October to February. During the wet summer months these frogs feed and breed in the pozos. As the pools dry up at the end of summer the animals burrow into the soft mud using the large tubercles on their hind limbs. They remain inactive underground during the dry winter months.
Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors
(
Inglês
)
fornecido por AmphibiaWeb articles
This species is thought to be more common in Bolivia (the northern portion of its range) and rare in Argentina (Aquino et al. 2004). In spite of the many interesting features of the ecology and morphology of L. laevis, this species remains poorly known. This is perhaps because of their secretive nature, nocturnal habits and long period of inactivity during the dry season. Also, these frogs do not appear to be particularly abundant where they occur. These factors, combined with their strict habitat requirements, make L. laevis vulnerable to habitat modification associated with agriculture and ranching where they occur. This species is also apparently susceptible to chytridiomycosis, with one death reported in a captive specimen (Une et al. 2008).
Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors
(
Inglês
)
fornecido por AmphibiaWeb articles
L. laevis displays a suite of interesting adaptations to the semiarid environment of the Gran Chaco. The rhythm of activity of the adults of this species is synchronized with the extreme climate of this region of South America. During the dry winter months L. laevis remains inactive underground, encased in a hard shell composed of layers of unshed skin. This “cocoon” protects the animal from excessive water loss and allows it to persist until the rains arrive that signal the beginning of the wet summer months, which typically last from October to February. The heavy spring or summer rains flood the chaco and create many temporary pools or “pozos” which provide suitable habitat for L. laevis.Once the pools form L. laevis emerge from their cocoons to feed and breed. These frogs appear to be nocturnal sit-and-wait ambush predators. They remain motionless while submerged in the water or soft mud with only their eyes and nostrils visible. There they wait among grasses and reeds for prey to come within grasp of their strong, powerful jaws. The large size of these frogs and the size of their jaws imply that they feed on large prey, most likely other anurans, large insects and snails. In general these are very aggressive frogs. When disturbed, they inflate themselves and stand on their outstretched limbs to appear larger. If this fails to deter a potential predator, they begin to lunge, bite, and then emit a piercing shriek. This behavior is quite impressive and provides the name for this species in Guarani - kukurú-chiní or “the toad that shrieks” (Vellard 1948).The reproductive biology and larval ecology of L. laevis provide additional examples of the fascinating biology of this particular species of frog. A single breeding event may result in as many as 1400 fertile eggs. The embryos develop very rapidly, a characteristic of many desert anurans that often are in a race against time to metamorphose into adults before their breeding pool dries up. When the tadpoles hatch and begin feeding, however, their uniqueness becomes even more apparent. The tadpoles are carnivorous and cannibalistic and begin feeding almost immediately. Although carnivory and cannibalism are relatively rare among larval anurans, it is the morphology of the jaws of L. laevis tadpoles which sets them apart. Unlike other carnivorous anuran larvae, L. laevis possess nearly adult-like jaws. The cartilages that support the larval jaws are expanded laterally to create a wide, gaping mouth which the tadpoles of this species use to ingest their prey whole. Ruibal and Thomas (1988) illustrate this feeding apparatus in detail and coin the term “megalophagy” to describe the unique larval feeding ecology.
Brief Summary
(
Inglês
)
fornecido por IABIN
Diagnosis A large, flattened toad. Pupil rhomboidal. Interocular distance twice the upper eyelid. No vertebral shield prominent. A double row of pearl-like dorsal glandulae, v-shaped and close to the vertebral midline.
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- Museo Nacional de Historia Natural
- autor
- Esteban O. Lavilla
- editor
- Diego Arrieta
Conservation Status
(
Inglês
)
fornecido por IABIN
LC. Least Concern.
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- Museo Nacional de Historia Natural
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- Esteban O. Lavilla
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- Diego Arrieta
Behavior
(
Inglês
)
fornecido por IABIN
America do sul,Peru
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- Museo Nacional de Historia Natural
Reproduction
(
Inglês
)
fornecido por IABIN
Sementes
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- Museo Nacional de Historia Natural
Cyclicity
(
Inglês
)
fornecido por IABIN
ano todo
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Distribution
(
Inglês
)
fornecido por IABIN
Known from northern, central and eastern areas of Chacoan environments: Argentina (provinces of Chaco, Corrientes, Salta, and Formosa), Bolivia (departments of Santa Cruz and Tarija), and Paraguay (departments of Presidente Hayes, Boquerón, and Alto Paraguay).
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- Esteban O. Lavilla
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- Diego Arrieta
Morphology
(
Inglês
)
fornecido por IABIN
rasteira
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- Museo Nacional de Historia Natural
Life Cycle
(
Inglês
)
fornecido por IABIN
perene
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- Museo Nacional de Historia Natural
Diagnostic Description
(
Inglês
)
fornecido por IABIN
Adult morphology Snout-vent up to 110-120 mm in females. Body flattened, stout, with short arms and legs. Head very broad, with sloping snout, and powerful mandibles and fangs. Head length 1/3 of the total length of the body. Cephalic bones dermostosed, with fine, close ornamenration. Tongue circular, free behind. Vomerine teeth in two small patches between the choanae, Palatine membrane whitish. Interocular distance twice the upper eyelid and larger than the internarial interval. Eyes small, dorsally located, their diameter equal to the distance between eye and nostril and 1/2 of the interocular distance. Nostril closer to the eye than to the tip of snout. Tympanum evident, more than 1/2 of the eye diameter. Its distance from eye twice its own diameter. Fingers free; toes widely webbed. Rate of the finger lengths: I-II-IV-III. Metacaral and subarticular tubercles faint. Strong, spade-like and black, inner metatarsal tubercle. Outer mctatarsa1 tubercle not evident. Tarsal fold inconspicuous. Dorsal skin glandulous. Oblique V-shaped glandular ridges along the vertebral midline. Ventrally granular. Dorsal color brownish or grayish, with indistinct darker blotches. Ventrally white, inmaculate. A darker vocal sac in males. Larval morphology Head and body very strongly depressed, once and one-third as long as broad, twice and one-quarter as broad as deep ; head flat above ; nostrils close together, directed upwards, and twice as far from the end of the snout as from the eyes ; the latter directed lipwards, the distance between them greater than that between the nostrils ; anus median; tail 3 1/3 times as long as deep, with subequal crests, the dorsal extending forwards very slightly on the body. Mouth subterminal, very broad, 5/7 the width of the head ; upper lip with a short fringe bearing a few (20) very small unequal lappets at its free edge; lower lip without a fringe, but bearing a single row of very small widely-spaced papilla on its lower surface; mouth-opening occupying the whole of the oral area and bearing a single row of small conical teeth along both its upper ant1 lower margins; these teeth are serrations of a continuous black horny base, and diminish in size laterally, merging into the basal piece at the corners of the mouth; the upper tooth-row somewewhat longer than the lower and in front of it when the mouth is closed. Color in spirit: Translucent, with irregular in-own spots on the upper surface of the head and body and the upper caudal crest ; the dorsal half of the muscular portion of the tail with a more or less continuous dark stripe ; ventral caudal muscles and crest anti lower surfaces of head and body inmaculated white or with a few small black spots posteriorly.
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Molecular Biology
(
Inglês
)
fornecido por IABIN
Trapaeoli herba,heterósido sulfurado,óleo essencial,vitamina C(1)
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Comprehensive Description
(
Inglês
)
fornecido por Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology
Lepidobatrachus laevis Budgett
MATERIAL.—USNM 241344 (one specimen dissected, stage 38, SVL 31.2 mm). Adults collected from Filadelfia, Boqueron, Paraguay; larvae raised in laboratory of Rudolfo Ruibal.
REFERENCE.—Cei (1968) described and figured the external morphology of Lepidobatrachus asper and llanensis. The larva of laevis is very similar to the larvae of asper and llanensis.
GENERAL
- citação bibliográfica
- Wassersug, Richard J. and Heyer, W. Ronald. 1988. "A survey of internal oral features of Leptodactyloid larvae (Amphibia: Anura)." Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 1-99. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.457
Lepidobatrachus laevis
(
Catalão; Valenciano
)
fornecido por wikipedia CA
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Lepidobatrachus laevis: Brief Summary
(
Catalão; Valenciano
)
fornecido por wikipedia CA
Lepidobatrachus laevis és una espècie de granota que viu a l'Argentina, Bolívia i Paraguai.
Es troba amenaçada d'extinció per la pèrdua del seu hàbitat natural.
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Lepidobatrachus laevis
(
Inglês
)
fornecido por wikipedia EN
Lepidobatrachus laevis, widely known as Budgett's frog, is a species of frog in the family Ceratophryidae, discovered by John Samuel Budgett.[2] It is often kept as a pet. It has acquired a number of popular nicknames, including hippo frog,[3] Freddy Krueger frog,[3] and escuerzo de agua.[4]
Description
Lepidobatrachus laevis photographed at Newport Aquarium
This frog has become popular in pet stores due to its comical flat appearance and intelligent behavior. Females reach a size of 100 millimetres (3.9 in) while males sometimes only grow half as large. They have a large head that makes up to 1/3 of the body, with a notably large mouth. Their mouth contains a top row of teeth and two "fangs" on the lower jaw. They have extremely short and stubby limbs and the forelimbs are unwebbed. L. laevis is dark olive green with darker blotches outlined in orange. The males have a dark blue throat.[4]
Diet and behavior
Lepidobatrachus laevis photographed at Kyoto Aquarium
The wide-mouth frog is well adapted to its environment, notably the harsh winter. During this time it will remain inactive underground in a cocoon of shed dead skin which protects it from losing water until they emerge. This species is generally very aggressive and will puff up when threatened to appear larger. If this behavior does not deter the intruder they will make a shrill screech, bite, and corner the target.[5] They are nocturnal and hunt at night, submerged up to their nostrils waiting for prey to pass by. They then lunge and swallow the prey whole. They feed on other frogs, insects, and snails. They have a reputation for being cannibalistic.
Reproduction
L. laevis can produce up to 1400 eggs in a single mating. A pair will reproduce and deposit a mass of fertilized eggs in temporary pools of water. The embryo develops at a rapid rate over two weeks, in order to metamorphize into mobile adolescent form before the breeding pool dries up.[5] The tadpoles are carnivores and cannibalistic at the time of hatching and have nearly adult jaws. They sexually mature in about a year.[6]
Distribution and conservation
It is commonly observed in Paraguay and Bolivia, and less frequently in Argentina. Its natural habitats are the dry and wet Chaco. Breeding may take place in shallow temporary pools and artificial ponds. It is in some areas threatened by habitat loss but there is a large total population size. The species is listed as Least Concern in view of its relatively wide distribution, presumed large population, and because it is unlikely to be declining rapidly enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category.[1]
Captivity
These frogs are often kept by keepers with mild experience with frogs or advanced owners. A ten to twenty gallon tank is generally recommended, without aquarium gravel because it causes digestive issues. River stones are a better alternative. Rocks should be sloped to allow the frog to exit the water. They do not require special heating in houses with a comfortable temperature of about 72 °F (22 °C). This species of frog needs to be kept alone or with members of the same species and of equal size, as they will consume anything smaller than themselves.[3]
References
-
^ a b Lucy Aquino, Ignacio De la Riva, Jorge Céspedez (2004). "Lepidobatrachus laevis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2004: e.T57111A11581308. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T57111A11581308.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) -
^ Frost, Darrel R. (2014). "Lepidobatrachus laevis Budgett, 1899". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 31 December 2014.
-
^ a b c Rearick, Monica. "Budgett's Frog". Animal-World. Retrieved 9 February 2014.
-
^ a b Infante, Carlos R. (22 June 2009). Whittaker, Kellie (ed.). "Lepidobatrachus laevis". AmphibiaWeb. University of California, Berkeley. Retrieved 9 February 2014.
-
^ a b Vellard, J. (1948). Batracios del chaco argentino. Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 5, 137-174.
-
^ Faivovich, J. (1994). La distribución del género Lepidobatrachus (Budgett, 1899) (Leptodactylidae: Ceratophryinae). Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 43(1), 137-174.
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Lepidobatrachus laevis: Brief Summary
(
Inglês
)
fornecido por wikipedia EN
Lepidobatrachus laevis, widely known as Budgett's frog, is a species of frog in the family Ceratophryidae, discovered by John Samuel Budgett. It is often kept as a pet. It has acquired a number of popular nicknames, including hippo frog, Freddy Krueger frog, and escuerzo de agua.
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Lepidobatrachus laevis
(
Espanhol; Castelhano
)
fornecido por wikipedia ES
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Lepidobatrachus laevis: Brief Summary
(
Espanhol; Castelhano
)
fornecido por wikipedia ES
El escuerzo de agua (Lepidobatrachus laevis) es una especie de anfibio anuro de la familia Ceratophryidae. Se distribuye por Argentina, Bolivia y Paraguay.
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Lepidobatrachus laevis
(
Basco
)
fornecido por wikipedia EU
(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Lepidobatrachus laevis: Brief Summary
(
Basco
)
fornecido por wikipedia EU
Lepidobatrachus laevis Lepidobatrachus generoko animalia da. Anfibioen barruko Ceratophryidae familian sailkatuta dago, Anura ordenan.
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Lepidobatrachus laevis
(
Francês
)
fornecido por wikipedia FR
Lepidobatrachus laevis est une espèce d'amphibiens de la famille des Ceratophryidae[1].
Répartition
Cette espèce se rencontre dans le nord, le centre et l'est du Gran Chaco jusqu'à 200 m d'altitude[1] :
Description
Les femelles mesurent jusqu'à 100 mm[2].
Publication originale
- Budgett, 1899 : Notes on the Batrachians of the Paraguayan Chaco, with Observations upon their Breeding Habits and Development, especially with regards to Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis, Cope. Also a Description of a new Genus. Quarterly journal of microscopical science, vol. 42, p. 305-333 (texte intégral).
Notes et références
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Lepidobatrachus laevis: Brief Summary
(
Francês
)
fornecido por wikipedia FR
Lepidobatrachus laevis est une espèce d'amphibiens de la famille des Ceratophryidae.
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Lepidobatrachus laevis
(
Neerlandês; Flamengo
)
fornecido por wikipedia NL
Herpetologie Lepidobatrachus laevis is een kikker uit de familie Ceratophryidae.[2] Later werd de wetenschappelijke naam Ceratophrys laevis gebruikt. De soort werd voor het eerst wetenschappelijk beschreven door John Samuel Budgett in 1899.
Lepidobatrachus laevis komt voor in delen van Zuid-Amerika en leeft in de landen Argentinië, Bolivia en Paraguay.[3] Het is een bodembewoner die leeft in de strooisellaag.
Referenties
Bronnen
-
(en) - Darrel R. Frost - Amphibian Species of the World: an online reference - Version 6.0 - American Museum of Natural History - Lepidobatrachus laevis - Website Geconsulteerd 31 maart 2016
-
(en) - Amphibiaweb - Lepidobatrachus laevis - Website
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Lepidobatrachus laevis
(
Português
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fornecido por wikipedia PT
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Lepidobatrachus laevis: Brief Summary
(
Português
)
fornecido por wikipedia PT
Lepidobatrachus laevis é uma espécie de anfíbio da família Ceratophryidae.
Pode ser encontrada nos seguintes países: Argentina, Bolívia e Paraguai.
Os seus habitats naturais são: savanas áridas, matagal árido tropical ou subtropical, marismas intermitentes de água doce, pastagens e lagoas.
Está ameaçada por perda de habitat.
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Budgetts groda
(
Sueco
)
fornecido por wikipedia SV
Budgetts groda (Lepidobatrachus laevis) är en groda som tillhör familjen tandpaddor och finns i mellersta Sydamerika. Grodan har flera smeknamn, inkluderande Flodhästgroda och Onsdagsgroda.
Utseende
Budgetts groda är en stor groda med tillplattad kropp, brett huvud och mycket bred mun med flera stora tänder i överkäken, och två stora tänder i underkäken. Ögon och näsborrar sitter ovanpå huvudet, och trumhinnan är tydligt framträdande. Benen är korta, och bakfoten är försedd med simhud. Ovansidan är grå till mörkgrön med mörka fläckar med orangefärgad kant. Området kring näsborrar och ögon kontrasterar ibland i ljusgrönt. Buksidan är enfärgat vitaktig till blekt beige. Strupen hos könsmogna hanar är svartblå. Honan kan bli 10 cm lång, hanen omkring 5 cm.[3]
Utbredning
Grodan finns i sydöstra Bolivia, norra Argentina och nordvästra Paraguay.[2]
Vanor
Grodan lever i torra områden och påträffas under sommarregnen i oktober till mars i regnvattenpölar på höjder upp till 200 m. Den förekommer även i konstgjorda vattensamlingar[2]. Under den torra vintern gräver den ner sig i jorden med hjälp av bakfötterna och bildar ett kokongliknande hölje av ömsat skinn. Arten är mycket aggressiv och försvarar sig med höga skrik och bett. Under sommaren är de nattaktiva, och sitter och lurar på bytet gömda i dyn bland vegetationen. Bytet består framför allt av andra groddjur, stora insekter och snäckor.[3] Uppgifter finns även att den tar mindre däggdjur.[4]
Fortplantning
Grodan leker i samband med sommarens, regntidens, början. En hona kan lägga så mycket som 1 400 ägg, som utvecklas till yngel som i motsats till vad är fallet för de flesta grodyngel är köttätare. Bytet sväljes helt, och kannibalism förekommer. En unik egenskap inom groddjursvärlden är att ynglen har stora munnar som nästan är kopior av de vuxna djurens, i stället för att ha de näbbliknande mundelar som är vanliga bland grodyngel.[3]
Status
Budgetts groda är klassificerad av IUCN som livskraftig ("LC"), men populationen minskar, framför allt i Argentina. Orsakerna är inte helt klarlagda, men man misstänker att bränder och för starkt betestryck kan ha bidragit. Utökning av jordbruksmark är en känd orsak i Argentina. Generellt anses dock inte arten speciellt hotad.[2]
Referenser
-
^ ”Statens jordbruksverks allmänna råd (1999:2)...” (PDF). Statens jordbruksverks författningssamling. 20 oktober 1999. http://www.jordbruksverket.se/download/18.26424bf71212ecc74b08000952/allmannarad_1999-002.PDF. Läst 15 december 2009.
- ^ [a b c d] Lepidobatrachus laevis IUCN (2004). Auktorer: Lucy Aquino, Ignacio De la Riva, Jorge Céspedez (engelska) Läst 2009-12-19
- ^ [a b c] Carlos R. Infante, Harvard University (2003-03-24; uppdaterad 2009-06-22). ”Lepidobatrachus laevis” (på engelska). AmphibiaWeb, University of California. http://www.amphibiaweb.org/cgi-bin/amphib_query?query_src=aw_search_index&table=amphib&special=one_record&where-genus=Lepidobatrachus&where-species=laevis. Läst 19 december 2009.
-
^ Mattison, Chris (1992) (på engelska). Frogs and toads of the world. Blandford. sid. 160. ISBN 0-7137-2355-6
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Budgetts groda: Brief Summary
(
Sueco
)
fornecido por wikipedia SV
Budgetts groda (Lepidobatrachus laevis) är en groda som tillhör familjen tandpaddor och finns i mellersta Sydamerika. Grodan har flera smeknamn, inkluderande Flodhästgroda och Onsdagsgroda.
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Щиткова жаба звичайна
(
Ucraniano
)
fornecido por wikipedia UK
Опис
Загальна довжина сягає 13 см. Голова коротка, товста. У цієї жаби дуже широкий рот. Очі витрішкуваті. Тулуб сплощений і має овальну форму. Шкіра горбиста і зморшкувата.
Дорослі особини мають темний тон забарвлення спини і боків, на якому розташовуються дрібні червонуваті та жовтуваті цятки. Молоді мають світло-зелений малюнок на бежевому фоні.
Спосіб життя
Полюбляє савани, сухі чагарники, прісноводні болота, луки, ставки. зустрічається на висоті до 200 м над рівнем моря. Веде напівводний спосіб життя. Під час сезону дощів вони живе у тимчасових водоймах, де розмножується і готується до наступного сухому сезону. Після пересихання водоймища закопується глибоко в мул, де впадає у багатомісячну сплячку. Це доволі некваплива амфібія. Незважаючи на напівводний спосіб життя, не дуже добре плаває.
Живиться дрібними гризунами, жабами, ракоподібними, рибою, у цих жаб доволі звичним є каннібалізм.
Парування відбувається від час сезону дощів. Самиця відкладає до 2000 яєць. Личинки ростуть доволі швидко. Вже через 1 місяць сягають 4—5 см.
Розповсюдження
Мешкає у північній Аргентині (провінції Чако, Корріентс, Сальта, Формоза), на сході Болівії (департаменти Санта-Крус, Таріха), заході Парагваю (департаменти Пресіденте Аес, Бокерон, Альто-Парагвай).
Джерела
- Aquino, L., De la Riva, I. & Céspedez, V. 2004. Lepidobatrachus laevis. In: IUCN 2007. 2007 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
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Lepidobatrachus laevis
(
Vietnamita
)
fornecido por wikipedia VI
Lepidobatrachus laevis (trong tiếng Anh gọi là Budgett's frog,[2] wide-mouth frog, hay hippo frog[3], tiếng Tay Ban Nha escuerzo[1]) là một loài ếch thuộc họ Leptodactylidae. Loài này có ở Argentina, Bolivia, và Paraguay. Môi trường sống tự nhiên của chúng là xavan khô, vùng cây bụi khô khu vực nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới, đầm nước ngọt có nước theo mùa, vùng đồng cỏ, và ao. Chúng hiện đang bị đe dọa vì mất môi trường sống.
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Wikimedia Commons có thêm hình ảnh và phương tiện truyền tải về
Lepidobatrachus laevis
Mô tả
Con cái đạt chiều dài 100 milimét (3,9 in) trong khi con được thường chỉ dài một nửa. Chúng có đầu lớn 1/3 so với cơ thể, với một cái miệng rất lớn. Hàm trên có một hàng răng và hàm dưới có hai "răng nanh". Chúng có chi rất ngắn và chi trước không có màng. Con đực có cuốn họng màu xanh dương đậm.[4]
Chế độ ăn và hành vi
Chúng rất giỏi thích nghi với môi trường. Loài này khá hung hăng, nếu không thể làm kẻ quấy rầy chùn bước nó sẽ rít lên the thé, cắn, và dồn kẻ thù vào góc.[5] Chúng săn mồi về đêm, đợi con mồi di chuyển đến, phóng đến và ăn trọn con mồi. Chúng ăn các loài ếch khác, côn trùng, và ốc.
Sinh sản
L. laevis được ghi nhận hành vi sinh sản của chúng, như một lần giao phối đơn có thể sinh ra 1400 trứng. Chúng sinh sản trong các hồ tạm thời. Trứng phát triển trong hai tuần, và biến thái thành ếch trưởng thành trước khi hồ khô cạn.[5] Nòng nọc có thể ăn thịt đồng loại từ khi nở ra và có hàm răng gần giống khi trưởng thành. Thành thục sinh sản trong khoảng một năm.[6]
Phân bố và bảo tồn
Chúng phổ biến ở Paraguay và Bolivia, hiếm ở Argentina. Ở vài khu vực nó bị đe dọa vì mất môi trường sống nhưng nói chung chúng vẫn còn số lượng lớn.[1]
Liên kết ngoài
Tham khảo
- ^ a ă â Aquino, L., De la Riva, I. & Céspedez, V. (2004). “Lepidobatrachus laevis”. Sách Đỏ IUCN các loài bị đe dọa. Phiên bản 2014.3. Liên minh Bảo tồn Thiên nhiên Quốc tế. Truy cập ngày 31 tháng 12 năm 2014.
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^ Frost, Darrel R. (2014). “Lepidobatrachus laevis Budgett, 1899”. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Truy cập ngày 31 tháng 12 năm 2014.
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^ “Budgett's Frog”. Animal-World. Truy cập ngày 9 tháng 2 năm 2014.
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^ “Lepidobatrachus laevis”. AmpihibiaWeb. Truy cập ngày 9 tháng 2 năm 2014.
- ^ a ă Vellard, J. (1948). Batracios del chaco argentino. Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 5, 137-174.
-
^ Faivovich, J. (1994). La distribución del género Lepidobatrachus (Budgett, 1899) (Leptodactylidae: Ceratophryinae). Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 43(1), 137-174.
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Злая щитоспинка
(
Russo
)
fornecido por wikipedia русскую Википедию
Вид: Злая щитоспинка
Международное научное название
Lepidobatrachus laevis Budgett, 1899
Охранный статус 
Систематика
на Викивидах
Изображения
на Викискладе ITIS 207952NCBI 8376EOL 331162 Злая щитоспинка[1] (лат. Lepidobatrachus laevis) — вид бесхвостых земноводных из семейства Ceratophryidae.
Описание
Общая длина достигает 13 см. Голова короткая, толстая. У этой лягушки очень широкий рот. Глаза навыкате. Туловище уплощённое и имеет овальную форму. Кожа бугристая и морщинистая.
Взрослые особи имеют тёмную окраску спины и боков, на котором располагаются мелкие красноватые и желтоватые пятна. Молодые имеют светло-зелёный рисунок на бежевом фоне.
Распространение
Обитает в северной Аргентине (провинции Чако, Корриентс, Сальта, Формоза), на востоке Боливии (департаменты Санта-Крус, Тариха), западе Парагвая (департаменты Пресиденте-Аес, Бокерон, Альто-Парагвай).
Образ жизни
Предпочитает саванны, сухие кустарники, пресноводные болота, луга, пруды. Встречается на высоте до 200 м над уровнем моря. Ведёт полуводный образ жизни. Во время сезона дождей живёт во временных водоёмах, где размножается и готовится к следующему сухому сезону. После пересыхания водоёма закапывается глубоко в ил, где впадает в многомесячную спячку. Это довольно неторопливое земноводное. Несмотря на полуводный образ жизни, не очень хорошо плавает.
Питается мелкими грызунами, лягушками, ракообразными, рыбой, для этих лягушек достаточно обычен каннибализм.
Спаривание происходит во время сезона дождей. Самка откладывает до 2000 яиц. Личинки растут довольно быстро. Уже через 1 месяц достигают в длину 4—5 см.
Примечания
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Злая щитоспинка: Brief Summary
(
Russo
)
fornecido por wikipedia русскую Википедию
Злая щитоспинка (лат. Lepidobatrachus laevis) — вид бесхвостых земноводных из семейства Ceratophryidae.
- licença
- cc-by-sa-3.0
- direitos autorais
- Авторы и редакторы Википедии
圓眼珍珠蛙
(
Chinês
)
fornecido por wikipedia 中文维基百科
圓眼珍珠蛙: Brief Summary
(
Chinês
)
fornecido por wikipedia 中文维基百科
圓眼珍珠蛙（学名：Lepidobatrachus laevis），又稱小丑蛙，为角花蟾科貓眼蛙屬下的一种青蛙，由約翰·薩繆爾·伯吉特（英语：John Samuel Budgett）發現。牠們常被作為寵物飼養。
マルメタピオカガエル
(
Japonês
)
fornecido por wikipedia 日本語
マルメタピオカガエル: Brief Summary
(
Japonês
)
fornecido por wikipedia 日本語
マルメタピオカガエル（Lepidobatrachus laevis）はタピオカガエル属に分類されるカエル。
Bài viết Leptodactylidae này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. 
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分類 界 : 動物界 Animalia 門 : 脊索動物門 Chordata 亜門 : 脊椎動物亜門 Vertebrata 綱 : 両生綱 Amphibia 目 : 無尾目 Anura 科 : ツノガエル科 Ceratophryidae 属 : タピオカガエル属 Lepidobatrachus 種 : マルメタピオカガエル L. laevis 学名 Lepidobatrachus laevis
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