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Four main theories have been purposed to explain the evolution of zebra stripes. The first theory states that these stripes have an anti-predatory function. The stripes may create an “optical illusion” which makes the zebras appear closer than they really are and predators leap too soon when they attack (disruptive coloration). Also, from a distance the black and white colors blend and the massive herd appears gray which enables them to hide better during the night and in dim light. This blending also makes it more difficult for predators to single out individuals from the herd. The second theory proposes that stripes evolved due to social benefits. The pattern of stripes is unique for each individual and serves as a means of identification. Social interactions are based on this particular identification. Studies show that individuals with more stripes receive additional social attention, such as grooming. With these social benefits, it would have been more advantageous to have more stripes. Thirdly, stripes may function in thermoregulation and provide as a natural suncreen. Differences in cooling of the black and white stripes create a rotary breeze. Lastly, these distinctive stripes may protect against tsetse flies. One study demonstrated that tsetse flies prefer solid verses striped objects. None of these theories have been tested thoroughly.
When threatened by predators, Burchell's zebras emit a high-pitched alarm call of the repeating two syllables “kwa-hi”. Mares protect their young foal, while stallions defend their harem with powerful kicks, pushes, and by biting at predators. During the night, at least one member of the harem remains awake hiding in tall grasses to guard and keep an eye open for nearby predators. When chased, individuals reach speeds up to 55 miles per hour. Their striped black and white body patterns are also anti-predatory adaptations, providing camouflage during the nighttime and under dim light. By blending together to look like a gray mass from a distance, the black and white stripes also make it difficult for predators to single out individuals to attack within the herd, a form of disruptive coloration. Also, an individual's stripes make it difficult for predators to discern between the zebra's body and the surrounding vegetation.
Known Predators:
Anti-predator Adaptations: cryptic
Six calls and two facial expressions are used in communication between individuals. Three of the calls are used as predator alert or threat calls, one is used to communicate injury, another is used in distress, and the last one is used in contact between individuals. Additionally, Burchell's zebras are able to visually recognize each other based on stripe patterns, which are as unique to an individual zebra as a fingerprint is to a human. Stallions of different groups greet each other with their ears up. When they sense threat, especially in the form of combat, they will put their ears down. Greetings are also achieved through nose sniffing, rubbing, and genital smelling.
Communication Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; chemical
Perception Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; chemical
Of all the wild equids, Burchell's zebras are the only species that are not severely threatened or extinct. However, their populations have declined in recent decades, especially in southern Africa. Habitat loss and illegal hunting are the two primary threats that Burchell's zebras face today. Expanding settlements and crop agriculture of growing human populations are destroying their habitats and blocking their cyclical migratory routes. This caused the near extirpation of Burchell's zebras from South Africa, Rwanda, and Angola. In areas where crop growth is difficult, Burchell's zebra populations compete for water and grass with domestic livestock. The presence of zebras near their livestock has led farmers and herders to hunting and fencing. The second primary threat Burchell's zebras face is from illegal hunting. Zebras are hunted for meat and for their skins. Zebra meat is hunted and eaten in local communities, so the hunting trade is locally and not internationally driven. Because zebras spread over large ranges, it is nearly impossible to follow and prevent illegal hunting. Hunting tends to be a larger threat in the northern regions of the zebras’ ranges where political unrest is more common. Seventy-five percent of the Burchell's zebra population is in Tanzania and Kenya. Therefore, the global population is vulnerable to the stability of these countries. Civil unrest and political strife in these countries may have severe impacts on the long term survival of these animals. Political instability corrodes the infrastructure of the park and wildlife reserve organizations needed to maintain ecotourism and conservation. Civil unrest also displaces people from their homes, spreading the range of their livestock into zebra territory and creating a greater demand for meat from the illegal trade.
US Federal List: no special status
CITES: no special status
State of Michigan List: no special status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: no special status
With their distinctive black and white stripes, Burchell’s zebras are easily recognizable. The patterns of their stripes differ from other species of zebras. Their stripes are especially wide becoming wider and more horizontal towards the flanks and rear of the body. The stripes on the neck to the forelimbs are vertical. These neck stripes continue in the mane which is short and sticks straight up. In most populations, the stripes extend to the belly where they meet. Stripes on the limbs are narrower and horizontal and continue until reaching the hooves. Facial stripes are ordered both horizontally and vertically creating beautiful patterns. Not all stripes are distinctly black and white. Some stripes may appear a faint brown or may leave a brown “shadow” stripe in the white region. Within the species, geographical variation in the pattern of stripes exists. In the southern regions, populations tend towards fewer stripes, with a disappearance on the rear, limbs, and belly. They also have longer manes and tend to have stripes that are more buff and brown in color. Each individual's stripe pattern is unique and acts as an identifying characteristic similar to fingerprints in human beings.
Burchell's zebras are 217 to 246 cm in length, with tail lengths of 47 to 56 cm. At the shoulder, their height is 110 to 145 cm. Males are slightly larger than females and usually have thicker necks as well. This sexual dimorphism is not profound, however. Newborn foals tend to have shaggy fur with brownish and buff stripes instead of black and white. One theory for this difference from adults suggests that zebras more easily recognize “dusty” individuals as zebras. Instead of newborn purely white and black foals, they are brownish so they are more easily identified as a zebra. The tails of Burchell’s zebras differ from other equids because they are short and end with a black tuff of hair.
Burchell’s zebras can be distinguished from other species of zebras because the stripes on their flanks meet on their bellies. Both mountain zebras and Grevy's zebras lack stripes on their bellies. Also, the stripes of both mountain zebras and Grevy's zebras are narrower and closer together than those of Burchell's zebras.
Range mass: 175 to 385 kg.
Range length: 217 to 246 cm.
Other Physical Features: endothermic ; homoiothermic; bilateral symmetry
Sexual Dimorphism: male larger
In the wild, Burchell’s zebras live an average of 9 years. In captivity they can survive up to 40 years. Population growth and average longevity is most severely impacted by predation. Whereas other grazing herbivores such as gazelles and wildebeests are limited by the abundance of grass, zebras are limited by the abundance of predators. Foals are especially vulnerable with 50% of juveniles annually dieing due to predation. This high rate of juvenile mortality is also partly due to disease, death of mothers, low nutrition, and drought.
Average lifespan
Status: wild: 20 years.
Average lifespan
Status: captivity: 40 years.
Average lifespan
Status: wild: 9 years.
Average lifespan
Status: captivity: 35 years.
Range lifespan
Status: captivity: 38 (high) years.
Burchell's zebras are nearly harmless to humans, except for their adverse effect on the livestock industry in Africa. As herbivores, they compete with livestock for water, grass and space. However, they also improve the health of grasslands through their use of tougher plant stems and grass.
Burchell’s zebras roam the open savannas of southeastern Africa. They prefer open grasslands, open woodlands, and open scrub environments. Occasionally, they may also inhabit taller grasslands, heavier woodland areas, and even hilly country and mountainous regions up to 4,400 meters in elevation. However, they avoid dense forests, deserts, and wetland areas.
Range elevation: 0 to 4,400 m.
Habitat Regions: tropical ; terrestrial
Terrestrial Biomes: savanna or grassland
The geographic range of Burchell's zebras spreads throughout southeastern Africa, with the highest population densities in the Serengeti-Mara plains of Kenya and Tanzania. Their range reaches as far north as southern Ethiopia and Sudan, as far west as Namibia, and as far south as the northern regions of South Africa. There are also populations in Uganda, Rwanda, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Mozambique, and Malawi.
Biogeographic Regions: ethiopian (Native )
Burchell's zebras are herbivores that primarily graze on grass. They also occasionally browse on herbs, leaves and twigs. Most of their diet (90%) comes from the stems and sheaths of short grasses, especially favored are Themeda triandra, Cynodon dactylon, Eragrustis superba, and Cenchrus ciliaris. Burchell's zebras gather grass by clipping it with their upper lip and lower incisors. They are also well-equipped with large grinding molars which are able to process the tough plant material. Their diet is low in protein, but they process large amounts of food and use hindgut fermentation to help digest tough plant materials.
Plant Foods: leaves; wood, bark, or stems
Primary Diet: herbivore (Folivore )
Burchell's zebras play an important role in the stability and dynamics of grazing communities where they live. They are an important portion of the east African ungulate faunas that make large-scale, 483 km migratory movements timed to the varying rainy season. They are the first to move in during grass succession, chomping down on old growth and stems which keeps vegetation young and growing. This opens up grazing opportunities for blue wildebeests, gazelles, and topis which are more picky about the vegetation they consume. Zebra herds leave the grazing area during the dry season and in doing so trample the land and stimulate grass growth. This, along with their selection of grass stems, increases the quantity and quality of vegetation for following animal herds. The sheer number of Burchell's zebras gives them a fundamental role in grazing communities. Without zebras, the old vegetation would not be cut back and other grazing animals could not obtain the new growth and higher nutritional leaves they need to survive. Thus, Burchell's zebras are important in maintaining the immense diversity that exists in grazing communities.
Burchell's zebras are hosts to several species of parasitic botflies. Botflies deposit eggs in the zebra’s skin, where the larvae mature until the pupa stage, in which they then leave the host body and continue development in the soil.
Commensal/Parasitic Species:
Roaming on the Serengeti plains, Burchell's zebras are charismatic animals that attract many people to ecotourism. In certain countries in Africa where other sources of income are unstable, ecotourism can provide a substantial contribution to the overall economy. Because of their distinctive stripes, zebras skins have been historically valuable and serve as an important commodity. Zebra meat provides food for local populations in need. Furthermore, as part of the native ungulate fauna of east Africa, they are critical in influencing vegetation dynamics, on which human cattle and other domestics rely.
Positive Impacts: food ; body parts are source of valuable material; ecotourism
Burchell’s zebras are polygynous; one male stallion leads and mates with a harem of females. Male-male competition is not significant, once males obtain a female, there seems to be a "gentleman's agreement" between the stallions that this female has been taken and cannot be lured away. Because of the lack of competition, males and females look generally the same, with males being only slightly larger than females. Females do not give outward signals of estrous, except for their first estrous. During their first estrous, females signal reproductive status to males through urine. These females take particular stances with their heads up, swan-like, legs straddled and tails up. She is then courted by several males in the area, by both dominant stallions leading a harem already and bachelor males looking for a harem. Eventually, one may try to “abduct” her from her natal group, but the dominant stallion, her father, tries to protect her and prevent her from leaving. Usually, the father is unsuccessful. Females do not ovulate during their first estrous. For the next two years after their first estrous, they will not copulate with males and may drift from group to group until settling on a harem for the remainder of their lives. Unless competing for females in their first estrous, males do not invest much in reproductive behavior. Male zebras fight for access to females in their first estrous. The outcome is vital because the winner of the fight obtains mating opportunities for life. Males bite, kick with their hooves, and circle their competitors. Males also show an excess of affectionate behavior, such as grooming, towards these young females to persuade them to join their harems.
Mating System: polygynous
Burchell’s zebras can breed throughout the year. Most foals are born during the rainy season, which occurs from October to March in East Africa. The peak number of births occurs during the month of January. Each mare gives birth to only one foal after a gestation period of a little over one year. Mares pregnant with twins generally miscarry about 8 months into the pregnancy. When preparing to give birth, mares separate from the rest of the herd to hide from predators. While giving birth, foals and their mothers are extremely vulnerable to predation. Weaning is complete after 7 to 11 months but females may lactate up to 16 months. Young reach independence after 1 to 3 years, when they leave their natal groups. After 16 to 22 months, foals reach sexual maturity but neither males nor females will mate immediately. During this time, females have their first estrous and are “abducted” by outside males competing for them. Males will also leave the natal group at this time, when they roam with a bachelor group of males. If their mothers have another foal, they will leave earlier around the age of 1 years old but most males leave by the age of 2 years old. Young males in bachelor groups play and engage in mock fights, preparing for future fights when they begin searching for available mates and starting their own harems. When they reach 4 years old, males are finally prepared to fight for mates and establish a harem. Females can become pregnant almost immediately after giving birth while they are still lactating during a period called a "foal heat." An estrous occurs 7 to 9 days postpartum and 50% of females become pregnant again during this time. If this occurs, females are investing in two offspring simultaneously. The interbirth interval for Burchell's zebras is generally two years but because of this "foal heat," it can be as little as 13 months.
Breeding interval: Females give birth every 1 to 3 years.
Breeding season: Burchell's zebras can breed throughout the year, but peak breeding occurs in the rainy season.
Range number of offspring: 1 (high) .
Average number of offspring: 1.
Range gestation period: 360 to 396 days.
Range weaning age: 7 to 11 months.
Range time to independence: 1 to 3 years.
Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female): 16 to 22 months.
Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male): 16 to 22 months.
Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; fertilization ; viviparous
Average birth mass: 32000 g.
Average number of offspring: 1.
Mothers provide the primary care for their young, while the male is busy protecting and defending the harem. Foals weigh about 32 kg when born and are well developed at birth, able to follow the mother back to the herd within a couple of hours. Within 10 or 15 minutes the foal can stand on its own feet and within an hour it is walking around and even running. Foals start to eat grass when they are only one week old. Weaning is complete after 7 to 11 months but females may lactate up to 16 months. During their close association, mothers and foals form especially tight social bonds. For a short period after birth, the mother will keep the foal away from the group, allowing the others to learn to recognize the newborn by smell, sight and sound. For the first year of its existence, the foal stays by the side of its mother learning to keep a watchful eye for predators, learning what grasses to eat, and learning the great migratory routes that cycle in the dry and rainy seasons. However, young males may also associate with their stallion fathers, learning male social behavior within a harem. Stallions offer parental care by defending the group from predators. The harem as a whole acts to defend foals against predators as well. When a member of the group is wounded, Burchell's zebras will surround the predator in a circle, biting and kicking until the predator succumbs or flees.
Harems are organized into a dominance hierarchy. Females of higher rank have been found to produce more offspring and to have shorter interbirth intervals. Stallions show mating preference towards these high ranking females. Immediately after birth, foals take a position in the dominance hierarchy at a position below their mothers.
Parental Investment: precocial ; pre-fertilization (Provisioning, Protecting: Female); pre-hatching/birth (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female); pre-weaning/fledging (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Male, Female); pre-independence (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Male, Female); maternal position in the dominance hierarchy affects status of young
La zebra comuna (Equus quagga) és l'espècie de zebra més comuna i més estesa a nivell geogràfic, i antigament s'estenia des del sud d'Etiòpia per tot arreu de l'est d'Àfrica, fins a Angola i l'est de Sud-àfrica. La zebra comuna és actualment molt menys nombrosa del que era, a causa d'activitats humanes com la caça per la seva carn i pell, així com la invasió de gran part del seu antic hàbitat. Tanmateix, encara és comuna en reserves d'animals.
La zebra comuna (Equus quagga) és l'espècie de zebra més comuna i més estesa a nivell geogràfic, i antigament s'estenia des del sud d'Etiòpia per tot arreu de l'est d'Àfrica, fins a Angola i l'est de Sud-àfrica. La zebra comuna és actualment molt menys nombrosa del que era, a causa d'activitats humanes com la caça per la seva carn i pell, així com la invasió de gran part del seu antic hàbitat. Tanmateix, encara és comuna en reserves d'animals.
Zebra Burchellova (Equus quagga burchellii) je jeden z 6 poddruhů zebry stepní.
Zebra Burchellova má špinavě bílé tělo s černými pruhy. Od ostatních poddruhů zebry stepní se vyznačuje bledým pruhováním na kýtách a nejčastěji zcela chybějícím nebo velmi řídkým pruhováním na končetinách.
V minulosti velmi početně obývala savany v rozmezí od Botswany, Namibie a Kaokoveldu až po Svazijsko a Kwazulu-Natal. Během několika staletí však byla její populace značně omezena a dnes přežívá pouze na severozápadě a jihovýchodě svého původního areálu rozšíření.
V běhu dosahuje rychlosti 65 km/h.[1]
V tomto článku byl použit překlad textu z článku Burchell's Zebra na anglické Wikipedii.
Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu zebra Burchellova ve Wikimedia Commons
Galerie zebra Burchellova ve Wikimedia Commons
Zebra Burchellova (Equus quagga burchellii) je jeden z 6 poddruhů zebry stepní.
Zebra Burchellova má špinavě bílé tělo s černými pruhy. Od ostatních poddruhů zebry stepní se vyznačuje bledým pruhováním na kýtách a nejčastěji zcela chybějícím nebo velmi řídkým pruhováním na končetinách.
V minulosti velmi početně obývala savany v rozmezí od Botswany, Namibie a Kaokoveldu až po Svazijsko a Kwazulu-Natal. Během několika staletí však byla její populace značně omezena a dnes přežívá pouze na severozápadě a jihovýchodě svého původního areálu rozšíření.
V běhu dosahuje rychlosti 65 km/h.
Burchell's zebra (Equus quagga burchellii) is a southern subspecies of the plains zebra. It is named after the British explorer and naturalist William John Burchell. Common names include bontequagga, Damaraland zebra, and Zululand zebra (Gray, 1824).[1] Burchell's zebra is the only subspecies of zebra which may be legally farmed for human consumption.[2]
Like most plains zebras, females and males are about the same size, standing 1.1 to 1.4 metres (3 ft 7 in to 4 ft 7 in) at the shoulder. They weigh between 230 and 320 kilograms (500 and 700 lb).[3] Year-round reproduction observed in this subspecies in Etosha National Park, Namibia, concludes synchronization of a time budget between males and females, possibly explaining the lack of sexual dimorphism.[4]
Burchell's zebras are described as being striped on the head, the neck, and the flanks, and sparsely down the upper segments of the limbs then fading to white.[5] One or two shadow stripes rest between the bold, broad stripes on the haunch.[5] This main distinguishing characteristic sets the Burchell's zebra apart from the other subspecies. Gray (1824) observed a distinct dorsal line, the tail only bristly at the end, and the body distinctly white.[1] The dorsal line is narrow and becomes gradually broader toward the rear, distinctly margined with white on each side.[1]
Like most plains zebras, Burchell's live in small family groups. These can be either harem or bachelor groups, with harem groups consisting of one stallion and one to six mares and their most recent foals, and bachelor groups containing two to eight unattached stallions.[6] The males in bachelor herds are often the younger or older stallions of the population, as they are most likely not experienced enough or strong enough to defend breeding rights to a group of females from challengers. These small groups often congregate in larger herds around water and food sources, but still maintain their identity as family units while in the population gatherings.[7]
Formerly, the Burchell's zebra range was centered north of the Vaal/Orange river system, extending northwest via southern Botswana to Etosha and the Kaokoveld, and southeast to Eswatini and KwaZulu-Natal. Now extirpated in the middle portion, it survives at the northwestern and southeastern ends of the distribution.[5]
Burchell's zebra migrates the longest distance of any terrestrial animal in Africa, making a round trip of 500 kilometres (300 mi).[8] They migrate from the Chobe River in Namibia to Nxai Pan National Park in Botswana.[8] Their migration follows a straight north–south route almost entirely within the Kavango–Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area[8] (KAZA).
From 2001 until 2016 the Kissama Foundation reintroduced wildlife in the Quiçama National Park of Angola. The project was dubbed Operation Noah's Ark. Amongst animals such as blue wildebeest, waterbuck, Cape giraffe, bush elephants, gemsbok, eland, nyala and ostrich were also Burchell's zebras.[9][10] And from 2017 until 2019 Wildlife Vets Namibia exported wildlife to the Democratic Republic of the Congo's capital city Kinshasa to introduce animals into the Parc de la Vallée de la Nsele .[11] Wildlife Vets Namibia in partnership with Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature also established a Burchell's zebra population on Île de Mateba, which is originally a rainforest island. Both introductions in west Angola and west DRC are controversial since the park service bodies from both countries did not opt to obtain the native Grant's zebra from for example countries such as Zambia, Tanzania or Kenya.
Like other plains zebras, Burchell's zebras must have populated the African plains in impressive numbers. Associations of thousands have been reported. The wild herds were thought to have disappeared by 1910, and the last known captive individual died in the Berlin Zoo in 1918. As European settlement spread northward from the Cape to colonial southern Rhodesia, this subspecies was thought to have been hunted to extinction.
However, Groves and Bell concluded in their 2004 publication that "the extinct true Burchell's zebra" is a phantom.[12] Careful study of the original zebra populations in Zululand and Eswatini, and of skins harvested on game farms in Zululand and Natal, has revealed that a certain small proportion shows similarity to what now is regarded as typical burchellii. The type localities of the two subspecies Equus quagga burchellii (Burchell's zebra) and Equus quagga antiquorum (Damaraland zebra) are so close to each other that they suggest that the two are in fact one, and therefore the older of the two names should take precedence over the younger. They therefore say that the correct name for the southernmost subspecies must be burchellii, not antiquorum.[12] The subspecies Equus quagga burchellii still exists in KwaZulu-Natal and in Etosha. Equus quagga burchellii can be found in a number of zoos in the United States, including the Cincinnati Zoo, Columbus Zoo, Naples Zoo, Nashville Zoo, Woodland Park Zoo.
Burchell's zebra (Equus quagga burchellii) is a southern subspecies of the plains zebra. It is named after the British explorer and naturalist William John Burchell. Common names include bontequagga, Damaraland zebra, and Zululand zebra (Gray, 1824). Burchell's zebra is the only subspecies of zebra which may be legally farmed for human consumption.
La cebra de Burchell (Equus quagga burchellii), fue llamada así en honor al naturalista británico que la describió por primera vez, William John Burchell. Esta subespecie de la cebra común (Equus quagga) se creía exterminada en estado salvaje en 1910 y extinta en su totalidad para 1918, hasta que en el 2004 se comprobara que la cebra Equus quagga antiquorum y la de Burchell eran el mismo animal. Por lo que se rebautizó como Equus quagga burchellii.[1]
Como la mayoría de las cebras, tanto hembras y machos son relativamente del mismo tamaño. Se reproducen durante todo el año según lo observado en el Parque Nacional de Etosha, Namibia, llega a la conclusión de sincronización de tiempo entre machos y hembras, posiblemente explicando debido a la falta de dimorfismo sexual.[2]
Estas cebras presentan rayas en la cabeza, el cuello y los flancos, y escasamente por los segmentos superiores de las extremidades, donde la coloración es blanca. Presentan en general una o dos franjas negras anchas cerca del anca. Esta es una característica principal distintiva con respecto a la cebra Zuzuland, aparte de las otras subespecies. Gray (1824), observó una clara línea dorsal, la cola erizada solamente al final, y el cuerpo distintamente blanco. La línea dorsal es estrecha y se vuelve gradualmente más amplia en la parte trasera, con margen claramente blanco en cada lado.
Anteriormente, las poblaciones de cebras de Burchell se centraron en el norte del río Vaal/Orange, que se extiende al noroeste por el sur de Botsuana a Etosha y el Kaokoveld, y el sureste de Suazilandia y KwaZulu-Natal. Ahora extinguido en la parte media, sobrevive en los extremos noroeste y sudeste de la distribución.[3]
La cebra de Burchell migra la distancia más larga de cualquier animal terrestre en África, viajando 160 millas en una dirección.[4] Migran desde el río Chobe en Namibia al Parque Nacional Nxai Pan en Botsuana. Su migración sigue una ruta norte-sur recta casi en su totalidad dentro de la Zona de Conservación Transfronteriza Kavango-Zambeze (KAZA).
La población de cebras de Burchell ahora viven en China posiblemente debido a que se escaparon de las granjas o zoológicos.
Al igual que otras cebras, las cebras de Burchell deben haber poblado las llanuras africanas en números impresionantes. Se llegaron a reportar asociaciones de miles. Las manadas salvajes se cree que desaparecieron antes de 1910, y el último individuo conocido en cautiverio murió en el zoológico de Berlín en 1918. A medida que la colonización europea extendido hacia el norte desde el cabo al sur de Rhodesia colonial, se pensaba que esta subespecie haber sido cazados hasta su extinción.
Sin embargo, Groves y Bell concluyeron en su publicación de 2004 que "la verdadera extinción de la cebra de Burchell" es un fantasma.[5] Un estudio cuidadoso de las poblaciones originales de cebra en el Reino Zulú y Suazilandia, y de pieles cosechados en granjas de juego en el Reino Zulú y Natal, ha revelado que una cierta proporción pequeña muestra similitud con lo que ahora se considera como Burchellii típico. Las localidades tipo de la subespecie Equus quagga quagga y Antiquorum (Cebra Damara) están tan cerca entre sí que sugieren que los dos son de hecho uno, y por lo tanto el mayor de los dos nombres, deben prevalecer sobre los más jóvenes. Por lo tanto, se suele decir que el nombre correcto de la subespecie más meridionales debe ser Burchellii no Antiquorum. La subespecie Equus quagga burchellii todavía existe en KwaZulu-Natal y en Etosha. Las cebras de Burchell se pueden encontrar en una serie de parques zoológicos de los Estados Unidos, incluyendo los siguientes: el Zoo de Cincinnati, el zoológico de Columbia, el zoológico de Nápoles, Zoo de Nashville, Zoo de Oregón, Woodland Park Zoo, etc., y una pequeña manada de aproximadamente 75- 100 animales en estado salvaje en el Rancho Hearst en San Simeón, California.
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|url= (ayuda) La cebra de Burchell (Equus quagga burchellii), fue llamada así en honor al naturalista británico que la describió por primera vez, William John Burchell. Esta subespecie de la cebra común (Equus quagga) se creía exterminada en estado salvaje en 1910 y extinta en su totalidad para 1918, hasta que en el 2004 se comprobara que la cebra Equus quagga antiquorum y la de Burchell eran el mismo animal. Por lo que se rebautizó como Equus quagga burchellii.
Burchell zebra (Equus quagga burchellii) Equus generoko animalia da, zebra arruntaren azpiespezie bat dena. Perisodaktiloen barruko Equidae familian sailkatuta dago.
1918an iraungitzat jo zuten baina oraindik espezimenak daude KwaZulu-Natal eta Etosha natura-parkean. Burchell zebra hasieran Equus burchellii izendatu zuten baina 2004an Equus quagga eta Equus burchellii espezie bera zirela ohartu zutenean azpiespezie bilakatu zen.
Burchell zebra (Equus quagga burchellii) Equus generoko animalia da, zebra arruntaren azpiespezie bat dena. Perisodaktiloen barruko Equidae familian sailkatuta dago.
1918an iraungitzat jo zuten baina oraindik espezimenak daude KwaZulu-Natal eta Etosha natura-parkean. Burchell zebra hasieran Equus burchellii izendatu zuten baina 2004an Equus quagga eta Equus burchellii espezie bera zirela ohartu zutenean azpiespezie bilakatu zen.
Equus quagga burchellii
Le zèbre de Burchell (Equus quagga burchellii) est une sous-espèce du zèbre des plaines. Il a été nommé d'après l'explorateur et naturaliste britannique William John Burchell. Il est également appelé bontequagga, zèbre de Damara (Gray, 1824)[1].
Le zèbre de Burchell est la seule sous-espèce de zèbre qui peut être légalement élevée pour la consommation humaine au Royaume-Uni mais aussi en France[2].
Comme la plupart des zèbres des plaines, les femelles et les mâles ont une taille plutôt similaire. La reproduction observée dans cette sous-espèce au Parc national d'Etosha, en Namibie, montre une synchronisation du budget-temps entre les mâles et les femelles, ce qui pourrait expliquer l'absence de dimorphisme sexuel[3].
Les zèbres de Burchell sont décrits comme rayés sur la tête, le cou et les flancs, ainsi que sur la partie supérieure des membres, alors que leur partie inférieure vire au blanc[4]. Une ou deux « ombres » foncées apparaissent sur les rayures blanches de la hanche[4]. C'est la principale caractéristique qui permet de distinguer le zèbre de Burchell des autres sous-espèces de zèbre des plaines. Gray (1824), a observé une nette raie de mulet, avec une queue dotée de poils raides à son extrémité, tandis que le corps est distinctement blanc[1]. La raie de mulet est étroite et devient progressivement plus large le long du dos, tout en étant bordée de blanc[1].
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Autrefois, le zèbre de Burchell se retrouvait sur une zone allant du Nord de la rivière Vaal et du fleuve Orange, vers le Sud-Ouest du Botswana vers Etosha et Kaokolved, jusqu'au Sud-Est du Swaziland et de la province du KwaZulu-Natal. Aujourd'hui éteint dans la partie médiane, le zèbre de Burchell existe encore au Nord-Ouest et au Sud-Est de son ancienne zone de distribution[4].
Le zèbre de Burchell réalise la plus longue migration des mammifères africains, en parcourant 160 miles (environ 270 km) en un voyage[5]. Sa migration va de la rivière Kwando en Namibie au Parc national de Nxai Pan au Botswana[5]. La migration suit une voie directe du Nord vers le Sud, presque entièrement au sein de la zone de conservation transfrontalière du Kavango-Zambèze[5](KAZA).
Comme d'autres zèbres, les zèbres de Burchell peuplaient les plaines africaines en chiffres impressionnants. Les observations de groupes de plusieurs milliers d'individus ont ainsi été rapportées. Les troupeaux sauvages auraient disparu vers 1910, et le dernier individu est décédé en captivité au zoo de Berlin en 1918. La colonisation européenne s'étant propagée depuis le Nord partir du Cap à l'époque coloniale vers le Sud de la Rhodésie, une partie des zèbres aurait peut-être été chassée jusqu'à son extinction.
La sous-espèce Equus quagga burchellii existe encore dans la province du KwaZulu-Natal et dans l'Etosha. Equus quagga burchellii peut être trouvé dans un certain nombre de zoos aux États-Unis et un petit troupeau d'environ 75 à 100 animaux existe au Hearst Ranch de San Simeon aux États-Unis.
Equus quagga burchellii
Le zèbre de Burchell (Equus quagga burchellii) est une sous-espèce du zèbre des plaines. Il a été nommé d'après l'explorateur et naturaliste britannique William John Burchell. Il est également appelé bontequagga, zèbre de Damara (Gray, 1824).
Le zèbre de Burchell est la seule sous-espèce de zèbre qui peut être légalement élevée pour la consommation humaine au Royaume-Uni mais aussi en France.
Zebra burchell adalah satu-satunya subspesies zebra yang mungkin diternakkan secara sah menurut hukum untuk konsumsi manusia.
Seperti kebanyakan zebra daratan lainnya, Jantan dan betina adalah relatif berukuran ukuran yang sama. sepanjang tahun reproduksi yang diamati pada subspesies ini di etosha National Park, Namibia, menyimpulkan sinkronisasi dari anggaran waktu antara jantan dan betina kemungkinan menjelaskan kurangnya seksual dimorfisme.[1]
Zebra burchell atau zebra damara digambarkan bergaris dibagian kepala, leher, panggul dan jarang turun pada segmen dari anggota badan dan memudar ke putih. Satu dari dua bayangan belang sisa antara tebal, luas belang pada pangkal paha. Ini yang paling utama, Karakteristik ini yang membedakan zebra Zululand terpisah dari subspesies yang lain, Gray (1824). Mengamati baris berbeda yang bertautan dengan punggung, ekor hanya berduri pada ujung, dan tubuh jelas berwarna putih. Baris pada punggung tipis, dan secara berangsur-angsur lebih luas pada bagian penghalang, dengan nyata berbatasan dengan putih pada setiap sisi.[2] The dorsal line is narrow and becomes gradually broader in the hinder part, distinctly margined with white on each side.[2]
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Gray
Zebra burchell adalah satu-satunya subspesies zebra yang mungkin diternakkan secara sah menurut hukum untuk konsumsi manusia.
La zebra di Burchell (Equus quagga burchellii Gray, 1824) è una sottospecie meridionale della zebra di pianura. Prende il nome dall'esploratore e naturalista britannico William John Burchell.
In passato era diffusa a nord del sistema fluviale del Vaal-Orange: il suo areale si spingeva a nord-ovest, attraverso le regioni meridionali del Botswana, fino a Etosha e al Kaokoveld, e a sud-est fino allo Swaziland e al Kwazulu-Natal. Attualmente scomparsa dalle regioni centrali del suo areale storico, sopravvive unicamente in quelli che erano i suoi margini nord-occidentali e sud-orientali[1].
Come altre zebre di pianura, è probabile che anche la zebra di Burchell popolasse le pianure africane con un gran numero di esemplari. Gli studiosi del passato registrarono associazioni costituite da migliaia di capi. Fino a non molto tempo fa, si riteneva che tale sottospecie fosse scomparsa allo stato selvatico nel 1910, e che il suo ultimo rappresentante fosse morto in cattività allo zoo di Berlino nel 1918. Dal momento che gli insediamenti europei erano avanzati verso nord dal Capo fino alla colonia della Rhodesia meridionale, si riteneva che questa sottospecie fosse stata cacciata fino all'estinzione.
Tuttavia, Groves e Bell conclusero, in una pubblicazione del 2004[2], che la «zebra di Burchell estinta» non esiste. Studi accurati condotti sulle zebre presenti nello Zululand e nello Swaziland, e sulle pelli di esemplari abbattuti nelle riserve di caccia dello Zululand e del Natal, hanno infatti rivelato che una piccola parte degli animali presenta caratteristiche simili a una tipica «zebra di Burchell». Le località tipo delle sottospecie E. q. burchellii ed E. q. antiquorum (la zebra del Damaraland), infatti, sono così vicine tra loro che si riferiscono entrambe a un'unica sottospecie, e non a due sottospecie distinte; inoltre, essi ricordarono che secondo le regole della nomenclatura binomiale, quando un taxon possiede due o più nomi alternativi, quello che è stato introdotto per primo gode della priorità. Quindi, essi ritennero che il nome corretto con il quale indicare la sottospecie di zebra più meridionale è burchellii e non antiquorum. Popolazioni di E. q. burchellii sono tuttora presenti nel KwaZulu-Natal e a Etosha.
La zebra di Burchell (Equus quagga burchellii Gray, 1824) è una sottospecie meridionale della zebra di pianura. Prende il nome dall'esploratore e naturalista britannico William John Burchell.
In passato era diffusa a nord del sistema fluviale del Vaal-Orange: il suo areale si spingeva a nord-ovest, attraverso le regioni meridionali del Botswana, fino a Etosha e al Kaokoveld, e a sud-est fino allo Swaziland e al Kwazulu-Natal. Attualmente scomparsa dalle regioni centrali del suo areale storico, sopravvive unicamente in quelli che erano i suoi margini nord-occidentali e sud-orientali.
Come altre zebre di pianura, è probabile che anche la zebra di Burchell popolasse le pianure africane con un gran numero di esemplari. Gli studiosi del passato registrarono associazioni costituite da migliaia di capi. Fino a non molto tempo fa, si riteneva che tale sottospecie fosse scomparsa allo stato selvatico nel 1910, e che il suo ultimo rappresentante fosse morto in cattività allo zoo di Berlino nel 1918. Dal momento che gli insediamenti europei erano avanzati verso nord dal Capo fino alla colonia della Rhodesia meridionale, si riteneva che questa sottospecie fosse stata cacciata fino all'estinzione.
Tuttavia, Groves e Bell conclusero, in una pubblicazione del 2004, che la «zebra di Burchell estinta» non esiste. Studi accurati condotti sulle zebre presenti nello Zululand e nello Swaziland, e sulle pelli di esemplari abbattuti nelle riserve di caccia dello Zululand e del Natal, hanno infatti rivelato che una piccola parte degli animali presenta caratteristiche simili a una tipica «zebra di Burchell». Le località tipo delle sottospecie E. q. burchellii ed E. q. antiquorum (la zebra del Damaraland), infatti, sono così vicine tra loro che si riferiscono entrambe a un'unica sottospecie, e non a due sottospecie distinte; inoltre, essi ricordarono che secondo le regole della nomenclatura binomiale, quando un taxon possiede due o più nomi alternativi, quello che è stato introdotto per primo gode della priorità. Quindi, essi ritennero che il nome corretto con il quale indicare la sottospecie di zebra più meridionale è burchellii e non antiquorum. Popolazioni di E. q. burchellii sono tuttora presenti nel KwaZulu-Natal e a Etosha.
Burčela zebra, arī Damāras zebra (Equus quagga burchelli) ir viena no līdzenumu zebras (Equus quagga) pasugām, kas kādreiz bija sastopama Āfrikas dienvidaustrumu savannu teritorijās, no Etiopijas dienvidiem līdz Dienvidāfrikas austrumiem, daļēji apdzīvojot arī Angolu. Mūsdienās tā mājo Kvazulu-Natālā un Etošas nacionālajā parkā Namībijā, kā arī tā sastopama vairākos pasaules zoodārzos.
Kādreiz Āfrikas savannā bija tūkstošiem Burčela zebru, bet ap 1910. gadu situācija mainījās.[1] Intensīvas zebru medības un lauksaimniecības attīstība noveda pie situācijas, ka zebru skaits krasi samazinājās. Ilgstoši valdīja uzskats, ka 1918. gadā Berlīnes zoodārzā nomira pēdējā Burčela zebra.[2] Tomēr Āfrikas pētnieki Grovs un Bells savā 2004. gada publikācijā paziņoja, ka Burčela zebra joprojām dzīvo savvaļā. Autori, pētot afrikāņu nomedīto dzīvnieku ādas, to vidū atklāja arī tipiskās gaišās Burčela zebru ādas.[1] Padziļināti izpētot un salīdzinot Burčela zebru un Damāras zebru (Equus quagga antiquorum), zinātnieki secināja, ka faktiski tās ir viena un tā pati pasuga.[3]
Zebru tēviņi un mātītes ir līdzīgi augumā un svarā. To augstums skaustā ir 1,3—1,4 m, svars 290—340 kg.[4] Zebru ērzeļiem parasti ir masīvāks kakls nekā ķēvēm. Burčela zebrām ir raksturīgas brūnganas svītras starp melni-baltajām svītrām. Svītru raksts var būt ļoti dažāds, bet uz kājām un vēdera tas var izzust. Ķermeņa pamatkrāsa ir krēmīgi balta, reizēm var būt viegli rūsgana.
Burčela zebras uzturas klajās un īsas zāles savannu teritorijās,[4] bet tās mēdz ieklīst arī teritorijās ar garu zāli un mežos. Zebras parasti ir pirmās, kas apgūst jaunas ganību vietas, tad tām seko gnu un gazeles. Tuvojoties naktij, zebras cenšas atgriezties vietās, kur zāle ir īsa un kur var tālu redzēt. Tās var noiet pat 17 km, lai atgrieztos drošākā vietā. Barā, kamēr lielākā daļa zebru guļ, neliela grupa paliek nomodā un uzrauga teritoriju, vai tai netuvojas plēsīgie dzīvnieki.[4] Nakts laikā sargu grupa nomainās.
Burčela zebras ir ļoti sabiedriskas. Tās dzīvo nelielās ģimenēs, kas sastāv no ērzeļa un dažām ķēvēm ar jaunākajiem kumeļiem. Starp harēma ķēvēm ir stingra hierarhija. Ērzelis sargā savu harēmu no citiem ērzeļiem un plēsīgajiem zvēriem. Kad ģimene dodas meklēt jaunas ganību vietas vai ūdeni, ceļu izvēlas un grupu vada alfa ķēve. Gājienu noslēdz ērzelis, uzraugot apkārtni pret briesmām. Ganoties harēmi bieži apvienojas lielākos baros gan savā starpā, gan ar antilopēm gnu.
Ķēves dzimumbriedumu sasniedz apmēram 3 gadu vecumā, bet ērzeļi 6 vai pat vairāk gadu vecumā. Kad jauna zebru ķēve pirmo reizi meklē partneri, par viņu savā starpā cīnīties var līdz pat 18 ērzeļu. Ķēves grūsnības periods ilgst apmēram 12 mēnešus. Parasti katru gadu piedzimst viens kumeļš. Kumeļi Burčela zebrām var piedzimt jebkurā gadalaikā, bet visvairāk tie dzimst lietus sezonā, decembrī un janvārī.[4] Māte vairākas dienas sargā jaundzimušo, turot to atsevišķi no bara, kamēr mazais kumeļš iemācās atpazīt savu māti pēc smaržas, izskata un balss. Tieši šajā laikā, kamēr kumeļš nav bara aizsargāts, mirst visvairāk jauno zebrēnu, kas tiek lauvu un hiēnu nomedīti.
Burčela zebra, arī Damāras zebra (Equus quagga burchelli) ir viena no līdzenumu zebras (Equus quagga) pasugām, kas kādreiz bija sastopama Āfrikas dienvidaustrumu savannu teritorijās, no Etiopijas dienvidiem līdz Dienvidāfrikas austrumiem, daļēji apdzīvojot arī Angolu. Mūsdienās tā mājo Kvazulu-Natālā un Etošas nacionālajā parkā Namībijā, kā arī tā sastopama vairākos pasaules zoodārzos.
Vanlig sebra eller Burchells sebra (Equus quagga burchelli) er en underart av steppesebra (Equus quagga). Burchells sebra ble tidligere regnet som både en egen art og en selvstendig underart, men den regnes nå som synonym med vanlig sebra, som eksisterer som flere varianter.[1] Noen regner imidlertid variantene som egne underarter.[2]
Vanlig sebra er et middels stort stripemønstret hestedyr (Equus) som trives på gresskledde stepper og savanner med variert krattskog og daglig tilgang på vann. Alle hestedyr er fluktdyr, dyr som flykter når det føler fare. Den blir omkring 110–150 cm i skulderhøyde og veier typisk cirka 175–390 kg. Hannene blir omkring 10 prosent større enn hunnene. De sørlige variantene har gjerne færre og svakere striper i buken, nedover lemmene og på bakparten enn de nordlige. De sørlige variantene har også gjerne kraftigere innslag av brune striper enn de nordlige, som gjerne er mer blasse i det brune.
Vanlig sebra eller Burchells sebra (Equus quagga burchelli) er en underart av steppesebra (Equus quagga). Burchells sebra ble tidligere regnet som både en egen art og en selvstendig underart, men den regnes nå som synonym med vanlig sebra, som eksisterer som flere varianter. Noen regner imidlertid variantene som egne underarter.
Vanlig sebra er et middels stort stripemønstret hestedyr (Equus) som trives på gresskledde stepper og savanner med variert krattskog og daglig tilgang på vann. Alle hestedyr er fluktdyr, dyr som flykter når det føler fare. Den blir omkring 110–150 cm i skulderhøyde og veier typisk cirka 175–390 kg. Hannene blir omkring 10 prosent større enn hunnene. De sørlige variantene har gjerne færre og svakere striper i buken, nedover lemmene og på bakparten enn de nordlige. De sørlige variantene har også gjerne kraftigere innslag av brune striper enn de nordlige, som gjerne er mer blasse i det brune.
A zebra-de-burchell (Equus quagga burchellii) é uma subespécie da zebra das planícies. O nome é uma homenagem ao explorador e naturalista britânico William John Burchell. Nomes comuns para esse tipo de zebra incluem: Bontequagga, Zebra de burchell, Zebra damara, e Zebra zuzuland (Gray, 1824).[1] A zebra de burchell é a única subespécie de zebra que pode ser legalmente utilizada para o consumo humano.[2]
Como a maioria das zebras-das-planícies, fêmeas e machos tem relativamente o mesmo tamanho. Elas não tem uma data especifica para o acasalamento como visto isso observando-as no Etosha National Park. As listras pretas são bem distribuídas ao longo do corpo, porém vão desaparecendo ao se aproximar das patas.
Anteriormente a zebra-de-burchell se localizava perto do rio vaal, que se estende a noroeste para Etosha, e sudeste para Essuatíni. Hoje sobrevive nas extremidades do noroeste e sudeste.[3]
A zebra-de-burchell (Equus quagga burchellii) é uma subespécie da zebra das planícies. O nome é uma homenagem ao explorador e naturalista britânico William John Burchell. Nomes comuns para esse tipo de zebra incluem: Bontequagga, Zebra de burchell, Zebra damara, e Zebra zuzuland (Gray, 1824). A zebra de burchell é a única subespécie de zebra que pode ser legalmente utilizada para o consumo humano.
Burchells zebra (Equus quagga burchellii) är en underart av stäppzebran.
När underarten beskrevs hade den ett utbredningsområde som sträckte sig från floderna Vaal och Oranje i Sydafrika åt nordväst över Botswana till Etosha nationalparken i norra Namibia och till öknen Kaokoveld i gränsområdet mellan Namibia och Angola. En annan gren av utbredningsområdet sträckte sig från de nämnda floderna till Swaziland och till provinsen KwaZulu-Natal i östra Sydafrika. Populationen i utbredningsområdets centrum dog ut. Den population (underart) som ursprungligen beskrevs som Equus quagga antiquorum sammanfogades med Burchells zebra.[1]
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Burchells zebra (Equus quagga burchellii) är en underart av stäppzebran.
När underarten beskrevs hade den ett utbredningsområde som sträckte sig från floderna Vaal och Oranje i Sydafrika åt nordväst över Botswana till Etosha nationalparken i norra Namibia och till öknen Kaokoveld i gränsområdet mellan Namibia och Angola. En annan gren av utbredningsområdet sträckte sig från de nämnda floderna till Swaziland och till provinsen KwaZulu-Natal i östra Sydafrika. Populationen i utbredningsområdets centrum dog ut. Den population (underart) som ursprungligen beskrevs som Equus quagga antiquorum sammanfogades med Burchells zebra.
Equus quagga burchellii là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Equidae, bộ Perissodactyla. Loài này được Gray mô tả năm 1824.[1]
Giống ngựa này là giống ngựa vằn duy nhất được nuôi để tiêu thụ hợp pháp ở Anh.[2]
Giống như đa số các loài ngựa vằn đồng bằng, con đực và con cái có cùng kích thước. Quá trình sinh sản quanh năm được quan sát ở loài này tại vườn quốc gia Etosha, Namibia, kết luận sự bất đồng bộ về mặt thời gian giữa con đực và con cái, có thể giải thích cho việc thiếu lưỡng hình giới tính.[3]
Chúng có sọc trên đầu, cổ và hai hông, và thưa thớt ở dưới các phần của các chân sau đó chuyển từ mờ sang màu trắng.[4]
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Bài viết liên quan đến động vật có vú này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Equus quagga burchellii là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Equidae, bộ Perissodactyla. Loài này được Gray mô tả năm 1824.
Giống ngựa này là giống ngựa vằn duy nhất được nuôi để tiêu thụ hợp pháp ở Anh.
保全状況評価 LEAST CONCERN
分類 界 : 動物界 Animalia 門 : 脊索動物門 Chordata 亜門 : 脊椎動物亜門 Vertebrata 綱 : 哺乳綱 Mammalia 目 : 奇蹄目 Perissodactyla 科 : ウマ科 Equidae 属 : ウマ属 Equus 種 : サバンナシマウマ E. quagga 亜種 : バーチェルサバンナシマウマバーチェルサバンナシマウマ（Equus quagga burchelli）は、奇蹄目ウマ科に属するサバンナシマウマの亜種の一つ。
かつてはナミビアから南アフリカ共和国にかけての草原地帯に生息していたが、現在ではナミビア北部のエトーシャ塩湖周辺やマラウイ・ザンビアのニイカ高原にのみ生息している。一度絶滅したとされた。名前の由来は、イギリスの博物学者ウィリアム・バーチェルがこのシマウマを初めてヨーロッパに連れ帰ったことによる。
体長2.5m、肩高1.5m。脚には縞がなく（後脚の踵には時に縞が現れる事がある）、体には同亜種のチャップマンシマウマ同様、黒縞と白縞の間に薄いかげ縞がある。他のサバンナシマウマの亜種と同じく肉食獣から身を守るため、ヌーやダチョウとともに集団を作って生活している。
一度は絶滅したと言われた程大激減した原因は、肉や皮を得るために乱獲された為である。1870年頃にはすでに南アフリカ周辺では野生の群れは見られなくなっており、大地主や動物園に飼われたものだけが生き残っていた。それらの最後のものが死んだのが1910年、ロンドン動物園でのことである。
これを最後にバーチェルサバンナシマウマは絶滅したとみられていたが、2004年にナミビア北部のエトーシャ塩湖周辺で再発見された。
この項目は、動物に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めています（Portal:生き物と自然／プロジェクト:生物）。
버첼얼룩말(Burchell's zebra)은 사바나얼룩말의 남쪽 아종이다. 그것은 영국의 탐험가이자 박물학자 윌리엄 존 버첼의 이름을 따서 지어졌다. 버첼얼룩말은 사람이 먹을 수 있도록 합법적으로 사육될 수 있는 유일한 얼룩말 아종이다.[1]
대부분의 얼룩말과 마찬가지로 암컷과 수컷은 어깨 길이가 1.1~1.4m(3.75~4.6피트)로 비교적 크기가 같다. 그들은 무게가 500에서 700파운드 사이이다.[2] 나미비아 에토샤 국립공원의 이 아종에서 연중 관찰되는 번식은 수컷과 암컷의 시간 예산에 대한 동조화를 마무리짓는데, 이는 성적 이형성의 부족을 설명할 가능성이 있다.[3]
버첼얼룩말은 머리, 목, 옆구리에 줄무늬가 있고, 팔다리의 윗부분에서 드문드문 내려와 흰색으로 변한다.[4] 하나 또는 두 개의 그림자 줄무늬가 행치의 굵고 넓은 줄무늬 사이에 있다.[4] 이러한 주요 특징들은 버첼얼룩말을 다른 아종과 구분짓게 한다. 그레이(1824년)는 뚜렷한 등줄기를 관찰했고, 꼬리는 끝부분만 뻣뻣하며, 몸은 뚜렷하게 희다.[5] 등줄기는 좁고 뒷부분이 점차 넓어지며, 양쪽이 흰색으로 뚜렷하게 구분된다.[5]
대부분의 얼룩말처럼, 버첼은 작은 가족 단위로 산다. 이들은 암말 1마리와 암말 1~6마리로 구성된 암말 집단, 미부착 종마 2~8마리로 구성된 총각 집단으로 구성될 수 있다.[6] 총각 무리의 수컷은 도전자들로부터 암컷 집단에 대한 번식권을 방어할 만큼 경험이 없거나 충분히 강하지 않기 때문에 종종 개체군의 어린 종이나 나이 든 종마들이다. 이 작은 무리들은 종종 물과 식량 공급원을 중심으로 큰 무리로 모이지만, 여전히 개체군 모임에서 가족 단위로서의 정체성을 유지한다.[7]
다른 얼룩말들과 마찬가지로, 버첼얼룩말들도 아프리카 평원에 엄청난 숫자로 서식했을 것이다. 수천명의 연합이 보고되었다. 야생의 무리들은 1910년까지 사라진 것으로 생각되었고, 마지막으로 알려진 포획된 개체들은 1918년 베를린 동물원에서 죽었다. 유럽인들의 정착지가 곶에서 식민지 남부 로디지아까지 퍼져나가면서, 이 아종은 사냥되어 멸종된 것으로 생각되었다.
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