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These bats usually found in arid woodlands and desert scrub. They can be found in a variety of habitat types, from mesquite and chaparral forest to oak forests and pinon-juniper habitats. M. auriculis is also found in sycamore, rabbitbrush, cottonwood, oak savanna, oak woodland, and coniferous forest. It seems to reach its greatest abundance in areas of extensive rocky cliffs where some water is available. No day roosts are known but night roosts include buildings, mines, and caves. These bats are usually found at an elevation of 366 to 2,227 m.
Range elevation: 366 to 2,227 m.
Habitat Regions: temperate ; tropical
Terrestrial Biomes: chaparral ; forest ; scrub forest
Myotis auriculus consumes massive quantites of insects nightly. This species therefore assists humans by controlling populations of pesky moths.
Positive Impacts: controls pest population
Bats are a common known carrier or rabies, but southwesten bats are not particularly know for carrying rabies.
Negative Impacts: causes or carries domestic animal disease
Populations appear to be stable and no conservation efforts are underway.
Temperate North American bats are now threatened by a fungal disease called “white-nose syndrome.” This disease has devastated eastern North American bat populations at hibernation sites since 2007. The fungus, Geomyces destructans, grows best in cold, humid conditions that are typical of many bat hibernacula. The fungus grows on, and in some cases invades, the bodies of hibernating bats and seems to result in disturbance from hibernation, causing a debilitating loss of important metabolic resources and mass deaths. Mortality rates at some hibernation sites have been as high as 90%. While there are currently no reports of Myotis auriculus mortalities as a result of white-nose syndrome, the disease continues to expand its range in North America.
CITES: no special status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: least concern
Although communication patterns have not been reported, we can assume that this species resembles other members of its genus. Myotis auriculus probably uses some combination of tactile communication (which is especially important in the roosts, where they are in close proximity with conspecifics), and vocalizations in the audible spectrum. Although visual signals may be used, bats are not known for their keen eyesight, and other signals may be more important. Scent cues are probably important, especially in identifying young in the maternity roost. Myotis auriculus can perceive ultrasonic signals, and uses these to locate food. However, there is no evidence that such signals are used in communication in this species.
Communication Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; chemical
Perception Channels: visual ; tactile ; ultrasound ; echolocation ; chemical
This species was thought to be a subspecies of M. evotis until 1969, when it was found that this bat occurred with M. evotis in New Mexico. Researchers concluded that the two could not be conspecific.
Due to their high-energy requirements and subsequently incredible appetites, insectivorous bats may have a substantial impact on insect populations, insect activity, and a variety of insect-related ecological processes such as herbivory, pollination and disease transmission.
Southwestern bats are insectivorous. Their primary food is moths with wingspans ranging between 3 and 4 cm. Males eat significantly more of these than do females. This bat is known to glean its prey with from buildings and tree trunks. These bats may briefly land on the substrate to pick the insect off the surface. Like most microchiropterans, southwestern bats find their insect prey through echolocation.
Water is also very important to insectivorous bats because of the high proportion of protein in their diet, and because of their high rates of evaporative water loss. These bats are usually found in close proximity to some source of water.
Animal Foods: insects
Primary Diet: carnivore (Insectivore )
Myotis auriculus is found throughout Mexico from Veracruz, Distrito Federal, and Jalisco, northward into New Mexico and Arizona. In the United States, the range of the species is restricted to southwestern New Mexico and southeastern Arizona. The winter range of these animals is unknown. It is thought that migration may result in selection of different habitats during different seasons.
Biogeographic Regions: nearctic (Native ); neotropical (Native )
Life span is at least 3 years.
Typical lifespan
Status: wild: 3 (low) years.
Average lifespan
Status: wild: 3 years.
Myotis auriculus is also known as the southwestern bat. The species has brownish fur that is not glossy. It also has long, brownish ears (20 to 22 mm.) and a narrow pointed tragus. The bat has a calcar without a keel and a wingspan of about 270 mm. Myotis auriculus also has a distinct sagittal crest and an inflated skull. These bats weigh between 5 and 8 g. Myotis auriculus is easily identified from Myotis evotis and Myotis thysanodes with which they are sympatric in Arizona, because their flight membranes are brown, and lack a fringe of hairs on the posterior margin of the interfemoral membrane.
Range mass: 5 to 8 g.
Average wingspan: 270 mm.
Other Physical Features: endothermic ; bilateral symmetry
It is unknown what predators this bat may be faced with.
The mating system of this little-studied animal has not been reported.
What is known wih certainty about reproduction in M. auriculus is limited. Usually a single young is born measuring from 12 to 18 mm. Young are usually born in June or early July, although birthing season is later in the southern portion of the species' range.
Beyond that, we must speculate on the reproductive biology of M. auriculus. Like other long-eared bats in the genus Myotis, it is likely that this species mates in the autumn when the bats enter their hibernaculum. In their close relatives, ovulation and fertilization do not occur until the following spring, and it is likely that M. auriculus is similar.
Breeding interval: These animals breed once annually.
Breeding season: Although not known with certainty, it is very probably that these bats breed in the autumn.
Range number of offspring: 1 to 1.
Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; seasonal breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; fertilization ; viviparous ; sperm-storing ; delayed fertilization
Parental investment for this species has not been described. However, in most of the genus, females care for their young in maternity roosts. Females provide the young with milk, grooming, and protection until weaning. The role played by the father int he parental care of this species is unknown.
Parental Investment: no parental involvement; altricial ; pre-fertilization (Protecting: Female); pre-hatching/birth (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female); pre-weaning/fledging (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female); pre-independence (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female)
El ratpenat d'orelles llargues d'Arizona (Myotis auriculus) és una espècie de ratpenat de la família dels vespertiliònids. Viu a Guatemala, Mèxic i els Estats Units. El seu hàbitat natural són els boscos humits de pins i roures, els matollars àrids, els boscos secs i els boscos de pins ponderosa. Es creu que no hi ha cap amenaça significativa per a la supervivència d'aquesta espècie.[1]
El ratpenat d'orelles llargues d'Arizona (Myotis auriculus) és una espècie de ratpenat de la família dels vespertiliònids. Viu a Guatemala, Mèxic i els Estats Units. El seu hàbitat natural són els boscos humits de pins i roures, els matollars àrids, els boscos secs i els boscos de pins ponderosa. Es creu que no hi ha cap amenaça significativa per a la supervivència d'aquesta espècie.
The southwestern myotis (Myotis auriculus) is a species of vesper bat. It is found in Guatemala, Mexico, and in Arizona and New Mexico in the United States.[1]
The southwestern myotis is a member of the order Chiroptera and the family Vespertilionidae. Discovered in 1955 by Baker and Stains, it was originally believed to be a member of the species Myotis evotis. Both bats live in the same region and occupy similar niches. Later that same year Hoffmeister and Krutzsch identified the mysterious bat as M. evotis Apache, a new subspecies. M. e. Apache was changed to M. e. auriculus in 1959 by Hall and Kelson. In 1960 it was determined that the southwestern myotis was, in fact, not a member of M. evotis but a member of M. keenii. This determination was made by a scientist named Findley. It wasn't until 1969 that M. auriculus was recognized as an independent species by scientists Genoways and Jones.[2] M. auriculus and M. evotis exhibit different jaw shapes. Particularly in regions where both bats are present. M. auriculus has a larger and weaker jaw than M. evotis. M. auriculus also has a much larger skull than M. evotis.[3]
The southwestern myotis is generally larger than similar bat species living within its range. It has soft brown pelage with a large skull and large ears. Its ears are brown and used for echolocation. Found in Guatemala, Mexico, and the southern United States, it is a nocturnal insectivore. There is no sexual dimorphism amongst these bats. The species migrates phenologically as opposed to hibernating.[4]
Several physical features of the southwestern myotis differentiate it from other members of the genus Myotis. This bat has larger forearms, ears, and a larger skull than other members of Myotis, such as M. septentrionalis and M. keenii. This is in part due to the fact that the southwestern myotis is an overall larger bat. The southwestern myotis can be identified based on its size. This bat generally has forearms that exceed 37mm, ears larger than 19mm, and a skull that is longer than 15.7mm. Various fur patterns also make this bat distinctive. The southwestern myotis has no microscopic hairs on its wings or its uropatagium. Its large brown ears are also distinctive. Similar members of the genus Myotis have black ears.[4]
Moths make up a huge part of the southwestern myotis diet. While they can eat other things, for the most part they subsist on moths. Despite the lack of sexual dimorphism in the species, the male bats eat many more moths than the females. Both sexes prefer to feed around one to two hours after sunset. The southwestern myotis is not particularly picky about where it hunts. They hunt both outside of and inside of cities.[4]
The southwestern myotis usually has their offspring in June and they only have one offspring per year. Bats that are further south will have their young later. It is believed that births are timed with environmental factors. The minimum life span of the Southwestern myotis is 3 years and 2 moths.[4]
Due to the fact that the southwestern myotis migrates, it lives in many different habitats. The preferred habitat of this bat, however, is in ponderosa pine forests.[5] The Southwestern myotis migrates from Guatemala in the south to Arizona and New Mexico in the north. Not every member of this species migrates all the way to Guatemala or the United States. This migration may be based on factors aside from temperature, however, the southwestern myotis is more active when feeding if it is 11°C - 19°C during its feeding period.[4] The southwestern myosit has been found as far north as Flagstaff Arizona and Santa Fe New Mexico.[5]
In several locations, the southwestern myotis is sympatric with M. evotis. These two bats exhibit altered behavior, likely caused by competition, in these areas. For example, in the San Mateo mountains of New Mexico M. auralius is more likely to be found at lower elevations and M. evotis at higher elevations despite the fact that both species are capable of living in both low and high elevations.[6]
The southwestern myotis (Myotis auriculus) is a species of vesper bat. It is found in Guatemala, Mexico, and in Arizona and New Mexico in the United States.
Myotis auriculus es una especie de murciélago de la familia Vespertilionidae.
Se encuentra en Guatemala, México y en Arizona y Nuevo México en los Estados Unidos.
Datos: Q1832457
Multimedia:
Especies: Myotis auriculus
Myotis auriculus es una especie de murciélago de la familia Vespertilionidae.
Myotis auriculus Myotis generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Myotinae azpifamilia eta Vespertilionidae familian sailkatuta dago
Myotis auriculus Myotis generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Myotinae azpifamilia eta Vespertilionidae familian sailkatuta dago
Myotis auriculus est une espèce de chauves-souris de la famille des Vespertilionidae.
Selon MSW :
Myotis auriculus est une espèce de chauves-souris de la famille des Vespertilionidae.
Myotis auriculus (Baker & Stains, 1955) è un pipistrello della famiglia dei Vespertilionidi diffuso nell'America settentrionale e centrale.[1][2]
Pipistrello di piccole dimensioni, con la lunghezza della testa e del corpo tra 46 e 54 mm, la lunghezza dell'avambraccio tra 36 e 40 mm, la lunghezza della coda tra 39 e 49 mm, la lunghezza del piede tra 8 e 11 mm, la lunghezza delle orecchie tra 18 e 21 mm, e un peso fino a 6 g.[3]
La pelliccia è lunga e leggermente lanosa. Le parti dorsali sono fulvo-ocracee, con la base dei peli scura, mentre le parti ventrali sono giallo-brunastre. Il muso è rosato. Le orecchie sono molto lunghe, con la punta arrotondata e brunastre. Il trago è appuntito e lungo circa la metà del padiglione auricolare. Le membrane alari sono marroni e attaccate posteriormente alla base delle dita dei piedi, i quali sono piccoli. La coda è lunga ed inclusa completamente nell'ampio uropatagio. Il cranio è relativamente grande. Il cariotipo è 2n=44 FNa=52.
Emette ultrasuoni di breve durata e bassa intensità con massima energia a 60 kHz.
I rifugi diurni non sono noti, mentre di notte è stato osservato in edifici, miniere e grotte. L'attività predatoria inizia solitamente 1-2 ore dopo il tramonto, più tardi rispetto alle altre specie di Myotis. Sono presenti migrazioni stagionali sebbene non siano note le località di svernamento. Può raggiungere la velocità di 13 km/h.
Si nutre principalmente di falene raccolte sui tronchi degli alberi o sui muri delle costruzioni.
Le femmine danno alla luce un piccolo all'anno. Nello stato dell'Arizona le nascite avvengono a fine giugno o in luglio. L'aspettativa di vita è di circa 3 anni.
Questa specie è diffusa dall'Arizona e Nuovo Messico attraverso il Messico orientale ed occidentale. È stato catturato anche in una località del Guatemala meridionale.
Vive nelle boscaglie desertiche, foreste secche e pinete fino a 2.200 metri di altitudine.
Sono state riconosciute 2 sottospecie:
La IUCN Red List, considerato il vasto areale, la popolazione presumibilmente numerosa, la presenza in diverse aree protette e la tolleranza alle modifiche ambientali, classifica M.auriculus come specie a rischio minimo (LC).[1]
Myotis auriculus (Baker & Stains, 1955) è un pipistrello della famiglia dei Vespertilionidi diffuso nell'America settentrionale e centrale.
Myotis auriculus is een zoogdier uit de familie van de gladneuzen (Vespertilionidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd door Baker & Stains in 1955.
De soort komt voor in Guatemala, Mexico en de Verenigde Staten.
Bronnen, noten en/of referentiesMyotis auriculus is een zoogdier uit de familie van de gladneuzen (Vespertilionidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd door Baker & Stains in 1955.
Myotis auriculus é uma espécie de morcego da família Vespertilionidae.
Pode ser encontrada nos seguintes países: Guatemala, México e Estados Unidos da América.
Myotis auriculus é uma espécie de morcego da família Vespertilionidae.
Pode ser encontrada nos seguintes países: Guatemala, México e Estados Unidos da América.
Myotis auriculus[2][3][4][5][6] är en fladdermusart som beskrevs av Baker och Stains 1955. Myotis auriculus ingår i släktet Myotis och familjen läderlappar.[7][8] IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig.[1]
Catalogue of Life samt Wilson & Reeder (2005) skiljer mellan två underarter:[7][4]
Arten har matt, brunaktig päls som blir mera gråaktig på buken. Öronen är långa (20 till 22 mm[9]), spetsiga och bruna. Kroppslängden varierar mellan 8,5 och 10 cm, inklusive den 4 till 4,5 cm långa svansen[10], vingbredden är omkring 27 cm, och vikten varierar mellan 5 och 8 g.[9]
Denna fladdermus förekommer i sydvästra USA (Arizona, New Mexico) och i Mexiko söderut till Jalisco och Veracruz med undantag av landets västligaste och centrala delar. Ett fynd har dessutom gjorts i Guatemala.[1]
Arten lever på höjder mellan 370 och 2 200 meter över havet.[1] Habitatet utgörs främst av torra skogar och ökenbuskage, men den kan också påträffas i chaparral, savanner och andra gräsmarker med ek[9] samt i fuktiga blandskogar med tall och ek[1].
Under nätterna vilar Myotis auriculus vanligen i grottor, gruvor eller i byggnader. Sovplatserna under dagen är inte kända.[1] Individerna blir vanligen aktiva en eller två timmar efter solnedgången, vid en temperatur mellan 11 och 19º C. De äter små nattfjärilar (med en vingbredd på 3 till 4 cm) som tas från trädstubbar eller väggar. Fladdermusen kan landa som hastigast för att fånga bytet.[10]
Litet är känt om artens fortplantning, men man tror att de parar sig under hösten, och att honan sparar säden i sin kropp tills den egentliga befruktningen sker till våren. I norra delen av utbredningsområdet föder honan en unge, med en längd på 12 till 18 mm, i juni eller tidigt i juli. Söder därom sker födslarna senare.[9]
IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig. Man listar inte några egentliga hot;[1] emellertid har man sedan 2007 kunnat konstatera kraftiga utbrott hos andra fladdermöss i samband med övervintringen av en dödlig svampsjukdom, White nose syndrome. Ännu (2016[11]) har inga utbrott av denna sjukdom drabbat Myotis auriculus, men farhågor finns för att även denna art skall drabbas.[9]
Wikimedia Commons har media som rör Myotis auriculus.
Wikispecies har information om Myotis auriculus.
Myotis auriculus är en fladdermusart som beskrevs av Baker och Stains 1955. Myotis auriculus ingår i släktet Myotis och familjen läderlappar. IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig.
Myotis auriculus — вид роду Нічниця (Myotis).
Країни поширення: Гватемала, Мексика (штат Халіско, Веракрус), США (Аризона, Нью-Мексико). Мешкає від низовин до 2200 м. Цей вид був узятий в мокрих сосново-дубових лісах; також у різних середовищах проживання, включаючи пустельний чагарник, сухий ліс і ліс жовтої сосни. Лаштує сідала в будівлях, шахтах і печерах. Діяльність зазвичай починає з 1 по 2 години після заходу сонця.
Myotis auriculus — вид роду Нічниця (Myotis).
Myotis auriculus là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Dơi muỗi, bộ Dơi. Loài này được Baker & Stains mô tả năm 1955.[2]
Phương tiện liên quan tới Myotis auriculus tại Wikimedia Commons
Bài viết họ Dơi muỗi này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Myotis auriculus là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Dơi muỗi, bộ Dơi. Loài này được Baker & Stains mô tả năm 1955.
남서부윗수염박쥐(Myotis auriculus)는 애기박쥐과 윗수염박쥐속에 속하는 박쥐이다.[1] 과테말라와 멕시코, 미국 애리조나주, 뉴멕시코주에서 발견된다.
남서부윗수염박쥐는 박쥐목 애기박쥐과에 속하는 종이다. 1955년 베이커(Baker)와 스테인스(Stains)가 발견하였고, 처음에는 긴귀윗수염박쥐(M. evotis)로 간주했다. 두 종은 모두 같은 지역에 살며, 유사한 생태적 지위를 차지하고 있다. 그 후 같은 해, 호프마이스터(Hoffmeister)와 크루츠쉬(Krutzsch)가 긴귀윗수염박쥐의 새로운 아종 "아파케(Myotis evotis apache)"로 명명했다. 1959년 홀(Hall)과 켈슨(Kelson)가 아종 Myotis evotis apache을 Myotis evotis auriculus로 변경했다. 1960년 남서부윗수염박쥐가 긴귀윗수염박쥐(M. evotis)의 아종이 아니라 사실상 킨윗수염박쥐(M. keenii)에 포함된다고 결정했다. 이 결정은 과학자 핀들리(Findley)가 수행했다. 1969년이 되어서야 남서부윗수염박쥐는 별도의 종으로 인정받았다. 남서부윗수염박쥐는 1969년이 되어서야 과학자 게노웨이스(Genoways)와 존스(Jones)에 의해 별도의 독립된 종으로 인정받았다.[2] 남서부윗수염박쥐와 긴귀윗수염박쥐는 턱 모양이 다르다. 특히 두 종은 같은 지역에서 발견된다. 남서부윗수염박쥐는 긴귀윗수염박쥐보다 턱이 크고 약하다. 긴귀윗수염박쥐보다도 두개골이 아주 크다.[3]
남서부윗수염박쥐는 일반적으로 분포 지역에 서식하는 다른 유사한 종보다 크다. 부드러운 갈색 털과 큰 두개골, 큰 귀를 갖고 있다. 귀는 갈색을 띠고, 반향정위에 사용된다. 과테말라와 멕시코, 미국 남부에서 발견되며 야행성, 식충성 동물이다. 성적이형성은 타나나지 않는다. 어디로 이동하는 지는 알려져 있지 않지만, 겨울잠을 자기 위해 계절성 이동을 한다.[4] 남서부윗수염박쥐의 여러 특징이 윗수염박쥐속의 다른 종들과 차이가 난다. 앞팔과 귀, 두개골이 북부윗수염박쥐와 킨윗수염박쥐 같은 윗수염박쥐속의 다른 종들보다 크다. 전완장은 일반적으로 37cm 이상이고, 귀는 19mm이상, 두개골은 157mm이상이다.
다음은 윗수염박쥐속의 계통 분류이다.[5]
윗수염박쥐속구대륙 분류군
신대륙 분류군 신북구작은갈색박쥐, 술꼬리박쥐, 킨윗수염박쥐, 긴귀윗수염박쥐
구북구붉은윗수염박쥐, 벨벳윗수염박쥐, 물가윗수염박쥐, 엘리겐트윗수염박쥐
슈바르츠윗수염박쥐, 도미니카윗수염박쥐, 아타카마윗수염박쥐
은색작은박쥐, 산지윗수염박쥐, 검은윗수염박쥐, 노랑윗수염박쥐
