nomes no trilho de navegação
Grand canyon rattlesnake
Arizona black rattlesnake
Midget faded rattlesnake
Southern Pacific rattlesnake
Great basin rattlesnake
Northern Pacific rattlesnake
Southwestern Canada and western USA.
Die Pazifik-Klapperschlange (Crotalus oreganus), auch Oregon-Klapperschlange, ist eine Art der Klapperschlangen (Crotalus) innerhalb der Vipern (Viperidae), die über ein sehr großes Verbreitungsgebiet in den westlichen USA bis nach Kanada verfügt. Diese Art wird häufig als Unterart der Westlichen Klapperschlange (Crotalus viridis) geführt.[1]
Die Pazifik-Klapperschlange ist eine relativ große Art der Klapperschlangen, wobei die Längen je nach Region und Unterart stark variieren können. Die Durchschnittslänge beträgt etwa 1 Meter, der Längenrekord liegt bei 1,626 Meter (Klauber, 1956).[2]
Die Grundfarbe der Nominatform C. o. oreganus ist dunkelbraun, dunkelgrau und selten schwarz oder hellgelblich. Das Rückenmuster besteht aus einer Reihe großer, dunkler Flecken mit unregelmäßiger weißer Umrandung. Die Flecken sind breiter als die Flächen zwischen ihnen. Außerdem besitzt die Art weitere dunkle Flecken an den Flanken, die meisten dunkler als die Rückenflecken sind und auch bei sehr dunklen Individuen gut sichtbar sind. Die ersten Schwanzringe haben die gleiche Farbe wie die Rückenflecken, werden nach hinten jedoch dunkler bis zu den letzten beiden, die im Regelfall schwarz gefärbt sind. Die Bauchseite ist hellgelb mit braunen Sprenkeln. Auf dem Kopf befindet sich ein großer, brauner Fleck und eine dahinterliegende helle Fläche, die einen Querbalken auf den Überaugenschilden bildet. Über die Augen zieht sich ein dunkles Schläfenband mit weißem Rand bis zu den Mundwinkeln.[2]
Bei dieser Art kommen Unterschiede während der Ontogenie vor. So sind Jungschlangen in der Regel sehr deutliche Zeichnungsmuster, die im Laufe der Entwicklung verblassen. Die Augenfarbe entspricht im Regelfall der Grundfärbung und reicht von gold, bronze, sandfarben, rosa bis grau.[2]
Das Verbreitungsgebiet der Schlange zieht sich von British Columbia, Kanada, über die westliche Hälfte der USA bis in die nördlichen Regionen Mexikos. Das Gebiet umfasst in den USA die Bundesstaaten Washington, Oregon, das westliche und südliche Idaho, Kalifornien, Nevada, Utah, Arizona und das zentralwestliche New Mexico. In Mexiko findet sie sich in Baja California und Baja California Sur. In ihrem Verbreitungsgebiet kann sie bis in Höhen von 2.500 m vorkommen.[2]
Neben dem Festland lebt die Schlange auf verschiedenen Inseln:[2]
Bei der Pazifik-Klapperschlange werden aktuell sieben Unterarten unterschieden:
Die Pazifik-Klapperschlange (Crotalus oreganus), auch Oregon-Klapperschlange, ist eine Art der Klapperschlangen (Crotalus) innerhalb der Vipern (Viperidae), die über ein sehr großes Verbreitungsgebiet in den westlichen USA bis nach Kanada verfügt. Diese Art wird häufig als Unterart der Westlichen Klapperschlange (Crotalus viridis) geführt.
Crotalus oreganus, commonly known as the (northern) Pacific rattlesnake,[4][5] is a venomous pit viper species found in western North America from the Baja California Peninsula to the southern interior of British Columbia.
The size of this species varies greatly, with some populations being stunted and others growing very large. Mainland specimens often reach 100 cm (39 in) in length, with the largest on record being 162.6 cm (64.0 in) (Klauber, 1956)[6] for C. o. oreganus.[7]
This species, in its various forms, shows considerable ontogenetic variation. Juveniles usually have more or less distinct patterns, but these fade as the animals mature. The color of the iris often matches the ground color, which may be bronze, gold, or different shades of tan, pink, or gray.[6]
The color pattern of the typical form, C. o. oreganus, has a dark-brown, dark-gray, olive-brown, or sometimes black or pale yellowish ground color overlaid dorsally with a series of large, dark blotches with uneven white edges. These blotches are also wider than the spaces that separate them. Additionally, a lateral series of blotches, usually darker than the dorsal blotches, is clearly visible on all but the darkest specimens. The first rings of the tail are about the same color as the last body blotches, but these rings become progressively darker; the last two rings, at the base of the tail, are usually black. The belly is pale yellow, usually with brown spots. A large, dark-brown blotch on the snout has a pale border behind it that forms transverse bars on the supraoculars. There is a dark brown postocular stripe with a white border that extends from the eye to around the angle of the jaw.[6]
Efforts to standardize the common names of North American reptiles and amphibians began as early as 1956, and the name "Northern Pacific Rattlesnake" was applied to Crotalus viridis oreganus with wide acceptance.[8]: 181 p. Following subsequent taxonomic changes, and depending on various taxonomic arrangements, the names "Northern Pacific Rattlesnake" or "Western Rattlesnake" have been applied with high levels of consistency and acceptance (largely depending on which arrangement, and recognition of subspecies if any, in the Crotalus viridis complex are followed),[9]: 64 p. [4] although occasionally appearing in slight variations, e.g. north Pacific rattlesnake.[10]
It is found in North America from southwestern Canada, through much of the western half of the United States, to the Baja California Peninsula of Mexico. In Canada, it is found in southern interior of British Columbia and is one of only three remaining rattlesnake species in the country.[11] In the United States, it occurs in Washington, Oregon, California, western and southern Idaho, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, western Colorado, and small parts of New Mexico and Wyoming.[12] In Mexico, it occurs in Baja California and the northern extreme of Baja California Sur.[12]
Using its heat-sensing facial pits to locate prey, C. oreganus eats birds, bird eggs, and small mammals, from mice to rabbits. It also eats small reptiles and amphibians. The juveniles eat insects.[13]
Males reach sexual maturity in two to four years, with most reproducing for the first time in their third year. Females in contrast mature in three to seven years, with most first reproducing in their fourth year, however northern populations in British Columbia are known to first reproduce as late as their sixth, seventh, or eighth year. The reproductive cycle of females is normally biennial, although 10% may produce litters in two consecutive years, and one case of a three year interval has been reported. Crotalus oreganus typically mate in the spring after emerging from winter dormancy, although British Columbia populations have been reported to mate in the fall before dormancy. The gestation period was reported to be about 90 days in wild snakes from Idaho, but periods of 143 and 425 days have been reported for individuals in captivity. Females usually fast while they are gravid. They are viviparous, producing live young. Parturition of 1–15 (average 3–8) young usually occurs in August or September, with neonates ranging 19–28 cm. (average 25.2 cm.) in total length. One report of 25 young is regarded as questionable by some herpetologist.[14]: 179–181 p.
Mating usually takes place in concealed areas, like burrows, crevices of rocks and logs, or dense brush. Mating snakes are highly sensitive to disturbance and are quick to separate.[15]: 246 p.
This species is classified as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (v3.1, 2001).[1] Species are listed as such due to their wide distribution, presumed large population, or because they are unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category. The population trend was stable when assessed in 2007.[16]
Crotalus oreganus, commonly known as the (northern) Pacific rattlesnake, is a venomous pit viper species found in western North America from the Baja California Peninsula to the southern interior of British Columbia.
El cascabel del oeste (Crotalus oreganus) es una especie de serpiente venenosa que pertenece a la subfamilia de víboras de foseta. Es nativo de América del Norte, desde el suroeste de Canadá, oeste de Estados Unidos, hasta el noroeste de México.[1] Su rango altitudinal oscila entre 0 y 2750 m.[1]
Se reconocen las siguientes subespecies:[2]
El cascabel del oeste (Crotalus oreganus) es una especie de serpiente venenosa que pertenece a la subfamilia de víboras de foseta. Es nativo de América del Norte, desde el suroeste de Canadá, oeste de Estados Unidos, hasta el noroeste de México. Su rango altitudinal oscila entre 0 y 2750 m.
Crotalus oreganus Crotalus generoko animalia da. Narrastien barruko Viperidae familian sailkatuta dago.
Crotalus oreganus Crotalus generoko animalia da. Narrastien barruko Viperidae familian sailkatuta dago.
Crotalus oreganus, Le Crotale de l'Ouest[1], est une espèce de serpents de la famille des Viperidae[2].
Cette espèce se rencontre[2] :
Sa présence est incertaine dans l'Oregon.
Ce serpent venimeux possède une longueur variable, en général un mètre, le record est de 156 cm.
Selon Reptarium Reptile Database (13 février 2014)[3] :
Cette espèce est considérée comme en danger au Canada, de par la taille réduite de sa population, sa faible aire de répartition et son éclatement et également parce qu'elle a un rythme de reproduction assez bas[1].
Au niveau mondial toutefois cette espèce n'est pas considéré comme en danger par l'UICN[4].
Crotalus oreganus[2] este o specie de șerpi din genul Crotalus, familia Viperidae, descrisă de Holbrook 1840.[3][4] A fost clasificată de IUCN ca specie cu risc scăzut.[1]
Această specie cuprinde următoarele subspecii:[3]
.png)
.jpg)
,_photographed_in-situ,_Napa_Co._California,_USA_(3_July_2012).jpg)
.png)
|access-date= (ajutor)Mentenanță CS1: Nume multiple: lista autorilor (link)
.png){kind=small}
Acest articol referitor la o reptilă este un ciot. Puteți ajuta Wikipedia prin completarea sa. Crotalus oreganus este o specie de șerpi din genul Crotalus, familia Viperidae, descrisă de Holbrook 1840. A fost clasificată de IUCN ca specie cu risc scăzut.
Crotalus oreganus là một loài rắn trong họ Rắn lục. Loài này được Holbrook mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1840.[3]
.png)
.jpg)
Bài viết về họ Rắn lục này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Crotalus oreganus là một loài rắn trong họ Rắn lục. Loài này được Holbrook mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1840.
