Viola bulbosa Maxim.

Herbs perennial, dwarf, shortly caulescent, 2.5-4.5 cm tall. Rhizome erect, long, slender, with numerous underground stolons and a small bulb in lower part; bulb 5-6 mm in diam., consisting of 4-6, white, fleshy boat-shaped scales, with numerous fibrous roots in lower part. Leaves clustered at apex of stem; stipules 1-1.4 cm, only 1/3 adnate to petioles, free part linear-lanceolate, ciliate or glabrous, apex acute; petiole narrowly winged, usually shorter than or subequaling blade, puberulous; leaf blade oblong-ovate, suborbicular or reniform, 1-2.5 cm × 5-14 mm, glabrous, or white puberulous abaxially particularly on young leaves, base cuneate or narrowly cordate, margin serrate or crenate, apex rounded or sometimes acute. Flowers white, small; pedicels produced from leaf axils of stem, usually slightly exceeding or subequaling leaves, 2-bracteolate above middle; bracteoles linear. Sepals ovate or oblong, 3-4 × 1.2-1.5 mm, apex acute, basal auricles orbicular, short, glabrous or ciliate. Petals obovate, lateral ones 8-10 mm, glabrous or bearded, anterior one 7-8 mm, purple-violet striate, apex emarginate; spur saccate, short, 1.2-1.7 mm, stout, ca. 2 mm in diam., apex obtuse; anthers ca. 2.5 mm (appendage of connectives included); spur of 2 anterior stamens short, stout, apex obtuse and slightly curved. Ovary glabrous; styles slightly geniculate at base, slightly thickened upward; stigmas triangular, slightly thickened and narrowly margined on lateral sides and abaxially, apex conspicuously beaked, beak short, nearly erect, stigma hole nearly as large as beak. Capsule ovoid. Fl. May-Jun, fr. Jun-Sep. 2n = 24.

Himalaya (Nepal, Bhutan), S. Tibet, W. China.

Gansu, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, N India, Nepal].

2700-2800 m

Mountain valleys, grasslands on mountain slopes, forest margins, thickets, fields; 1900-4200 m.

Viola bulbosa var. franchetii H. Boissieu; V. bulbosa subsp. tuberifera (Franchet) W. Becker; V. filifera Komarov; V. hookeri Franchet (1886), not Thomson & W. Becker (1916); V. multistolonifera C. J. Wang; V. tuberifera Franchet; V. tuberifera var. brevipedicellata S. Y. Chen; V. tuberifera var. pseudopalustris H. Léveillé.

Viola bulbosa là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Hoa tím. Loài này được Maxim. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1876.

鳞茎堇菜（学名：Viola bulbosa）为堇菜科堇菜属的植物。分布于不丹以及中国大陆的四川、青海、西藏、甘肃等地，生长于海拔2,200米至3,800米的地区，多生长于山坡草地、山谷以及耕地边缘土壤较疏松处，目前尚未由人工引种栽培。