Artigos sobre Blastocladia - Enciclopédia da Vida

Blastocladia ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

Blastocladia is a genus of aquatic fungi.

Description

Blastocladia species have a thallus that consists of a single, branched basal cell or trunk with rhizoids at one end and sporangia at the other. They are not able to use oxygen, although its presence does not inhibit growth.^[1]

Habitat

Members of Blastocladia grow on submerged twigs and fruit.^[1]

Taxonomy

Blastocladia was circumscribed by German scientist Paul Friedrich Reinsch in 1877, who included a single species, Blastocladia pringsheimii.^[2] Roland Thaxter added a second species, B. ramosa in 1896. He placed the genus provisionally in the Pythiaceae owing to its resemblance of its resting spores to the conidia of some members of the genus Pythium.^[3] Joseph Schröter (1897) included it with the water mold family Leptomitaceae.^[4]

Species

As of December 2015, Index Fungorum accepts 30 species in Blastocladia:^[5]

Blastocladia angusta A.Lund 1934
Blastocladia arborata S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[6]
Blastocladia aspergilloides Crooks 1937
Blastocladia bonaerensis Steciow & Marano 2006 – Argentina^[7]
Blastocladia caduca S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[6]
Blastocladia coronata S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[6]
Blastocladia didyma S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[6]
Blastocladia elegans S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[6]
Blastocladia excelsa S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[6]
Blastocladia filamentosa S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[6]
Blastocladia fruticosa S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[6]
Blastocladia fusiformis S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[6]
Blastocladia globosa Kanouse 1927^[8]
Blastocladia glomerata Sparrow 1936
Blastocladia gracilis Kanouse 1927^[8]
Blastocladia heterosporangia S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[6]
Blastocladia incrassata Indoh 1940^[9]
Blastocladia mammillata S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[6]
Blastocladia pileota S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[6]
Blastocladia pringsheimii Reinsch 1877^[2]
Blastocladia prolifera Minden 1912^[10]
Blastocladia pusilla S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[6]
Blastocladia ramosa Thaxt. 1896^[3]
Blastocladia rostrata Minden 1912^[10]
Blastocladia sessilis S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[6]
Blastocladia sparrowii Indoh 1940^[9]
Blastocladia spiciformis S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[6]
Blastocladia strangulata Barrett 1912^[11]
Blastocladia tenuis Kanouse 1927^[8]
Blastocladia truncata Sparrow 1932^[12]

References

^ ^a ^b Blackwell M, Alexopoulos CJ, Mims CW (1996). Introductory Mycology. New York: Wiley. p. 114. ISBN 978-0-471-52229-4.
^ ^a ^b Reinsch PF. (1878). "Beobachtungen über einige neue Saprolegnieae, etc". Jahrbücher für Wissenschaftliche Botanik (in German). 11: 283–311.
^ ^a ^b Thaxter R. (1896). "New or peculiar aquatic Fungi. III. Blastocladia". Botanical Gazette. 21 (2): 45–52. doi:10.1086/327299.
^ Schröter (1897). Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien (in German). Vol. 1. Leipzig: W. Engelmann. p. 108.
^ Kirk PM. "Species Fungorum (version 23rd December 2015). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life". Retrieved 2015-12-26.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o Das-Gupta SN, John R (1988). "A contribution to our knowledge of the genus Blastocladia". Indian Phytopathology. 41 (4): 521–547.
^ Steciow MM, Marano AV (2006). "Blastocladia bonaerensis (Blastocladiales, Chytridiomycetes), a new species from an Argentine channel". Mycotaxon. 97: 359–365.
^ ^a ^b ^c Kanouse BB. (1927). "A monographic study of special groups of the water molds. I. Blastocladiaceae". American Journal of Botany. 14 (6): 287–306. doi:10.2307/2435852. JSTOR 2435852.
^ ^a ^b Indoh H. (1940). "Studies on Japanese aquatic fungi. II. The Blastocladiaceae". Science Reports of the Tokyo Bunrika Daigaku. 4: 237–384 (see p. 352).
^ ^a ^b Minden MV. (1912). "Phycomyceten". Kryptogamen-Flora der Mark Brandenburg (in German). 5: 209–608 (see p. 606).
^ Barrett JT. (1912). "The development of Blastocladia strangulata, n. sp". Botanical Gazette. 54 (5): 353–371. doi:10.1086/330929.
^ Sparrow FK Jr. (1932). "Observations on the aquatic fungi of Cold Spring Harbor". Mycologia. 24 (3): 283–302. doi:10.2307/3753872. JSTOR 3753872.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Blastocladia&oldid=1028136322"

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Blastocladia: Brief Summary ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

Blastocladia is a genus of aquatic fungi.

licença: cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais: Wikipedia authors and editors

original: visite a fonte
site do parceiro: wikipedia EN

Blastocladia ( Polonês )

fornecido por wikipedia POL

Systematyka Domena eukarionty Królestwo grzyby Gromada Chytridiomycota Klasa Blastocladiomycetes Rząd Blastocladiales Rodzina Blastocladiaceae Rodzaj Blastocladia Nazwa systematyczna Blastocladia Reinsch
Jb. wiss. Bot. 11: 291 (1877) Typ nomenklatoryczny Blastocladia pringsheimii Reinsch

Blastocladia Reinsch – rodzaj grzybów należący do rodziny Blastocladiaceae^[1].

Systematyka i nazewnictwo

Pozycja w klasyfikacji według Index Fungorum: Blastocladiaceae, Blastocladiales, Incertae sedis, Blastocladiomycetes, Incertae sedis, Chytridiomycota, Fungi^[1].

Niektóre gatunki

Blastocladia angusta A. Lund 1934
Blastocladia arborata S.N. Dasgupta & R. John 1989
Blastocladia bonaerensis Steciow & Marano 2006
Blastocladia globosa Kanouse 1927
Blastocladia glomerata Sparrow 1936
Blastocladia pringsheimii Reinsch. 1877

Nazwy naukowe według Index Fungorum^[2]>.

Przypisy

↑ ^a ^b Index Fungorum (ang.). [dostęp 2013-11-12].
↑ Index Fungorum (gatunki) (ang.). [dostęp 2013-10-20].

licença: cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais: Autorzy i redaktorzy Wikipedii

original: visite a fonte
site do parceiro: wikipedia POL

Blastocladia: Brief Summary ( Polonês )

fornecido por wikipedia POL

Blastocladia Reinsch – rodzaj grzybów należący do rodziny Blastocladiaceae.

licença: cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais: Autorzy i redaktorzy Wikipedii

original: visite a fonte
site do parceiro: wikipedia POL

芽枝霉屬 ( Chinês )

fornecido por wikipedia 中文维基百科

芽枝霉屬（學名：Blastocladia）為芽枝黴門下的一個屬，為水生真菌。

特徵

芽枝霉屬的菌體型態為一端以單個主幹基礎上產生分支並具有假根，另一端則為孢子囊所組成，形似一棵樹。芽枝霉屬是耐氧生物，無法利用氧氣，但氧氣的存在不會抑制牠們的生長。^[1] 菌體無隔板及假隔板，以假根附著在基質上，細胞壁成分為聚糖-幾丁質。動孢子（英语：zoospore）於囊上的單一乳突釋放，游走孢子具後生單一鞭毛，並有核冠。^[2]

棲地

芽枝霉屬一般生長於在沉入水中的樹枝或果實上，營養方式為腐生。^[1]

分類

芽枝霉屬於1877年由德國生物學家保羅·弗里德里克·芮恩施（英语：Paul Friedrich Reinsch）發表，當時只包含一個物種布寧芽枝黴（Blastocladia pringsheimii）^[3]。而後美國真菌學家羅蘭·瑟斯特（英语：Roland Thaxter）於1896年加入第二個物種多枝芽枝黴（B. ramosa），他因本屬物種的休眠孢子（英语：Resting spore）與部分腐霉属（英语：Pythium）物種的分生孢子相似，而將本屬歸入腐霉科（英语：Pythiaceae）之下^[4]。德國真菌學家約瑟夫·梭羅德（英语：Joseph Schröter）於1897年則將其歸類於水黴菌的一科根壶菌科（英语：Leptomitaceae）中。^[5]

種類

截至2015年12月 (2015-12)^[update]，Index Fungorum中共記載了本屬的30種物種^[6]

Blastocladia angusta A.Lund 1934
Blastocladia arborata S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[7]
Blastocladia aspergilloides Crooks 1937
Blastocladia bonaerensis Steciow & Marano 2006 – Argentina^[8]
Blastocladia caduca S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[7]
Blastocladia coronata S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[7]
Blastocladia didyma S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[7]
Blastocladia elegans S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[7]
Blastocladia excelsa S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[7]
Blastocladia filamentosa S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[7]
Blastocladia fruticosa S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[7]
Blastocladia fusiformis S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[7]
球狀芽枝黴 Blastocladia globosa Kanouse 1927^[9]
Blastocladia glomerata Sparrow 1936
纖細芽枝黴 Blastocladia gracilis Kanouse 1927^[9]
Blastocladia heterosporangia S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[7]
厚芽枝黴 Blastocladia incrassata Indoh 1940^[10]
Blastocladia mammillata S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[7]
Blastocladia pileota S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[7]
Blastocladia pringsheimii Reinsch 1877^[3]
Blastocladia prolifera Minden 1912^[11]
Blastocladia pusilla S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[7]
Blastocladia ramosa Thaxt. 1896^[4]
Blastocladia rostrata Minden 1912^[11]
Blastocladia sessilis S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[7]
斯帕羅芽枝黴 Blastocladia sparrowii Indoh 1940^[10]
Blastocladia spiciformis S.N.Dasgupta & R.John 1989^[7]
Blastocladia strangulata Barrett 1912^[12]
Blastocladia tenuis Kanouse 1927^[9]
Blastocladia truncata Sparrow 1932^[13]

参考资料

真菌主题

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 Blackwell M, Alexopoulos CJ, Mims CW. Introductory Mycology. New York: Wiley. 1996: 114. ISBN 978-0-471-52229-4.
^ 黃滿貞、簡秋源. 臺灣產五種芽枝黴分離、培養與觀察. 生物學報.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 Reinsch PF. Beobachtungen über einige neue Saprolegnieae, etc.. Jahrbücher für Wissenschaftliche Botanik. 1878, 11: 283–311 （德语）.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 Thaxter R. New or peculiar aquatic Fungi. III. Blastocladia. Botanical Gazette Crawfordsville. 1896, 21 (2): 45–52. doi:10.1086/327299.
^ Schröter. Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien 1. Leipzig: W. Engelmann. 1897: 108 （德语）.
^ Kirk PM. Species Fungorum (version 23rd December 2015). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. [2015-12-26].
^ ^7.00 ^7.01 ^7.02 ^7.03 ^7.04 ^7.05 ^7.06 ^7.07 ^7.08 ^7.09 ^7.10 ^7.11 ^7.12 ^7.13 ^7.14 Das-Gupta SN, John R. A contribution to our knowledge of the genus Blastocladia. Indian Phytopathology. 1988, 41 (4): 521–547.
^ Steciow MM, Marano AV. Blastocladia bonaerensis (Blastocladiales, Chytridiomycetes), a new species from an Argentine channel. Mycotaxon. 2006, 97: 359–365.
^ ^9.0 ^9.1 ^9.2 Kanouse BB. A monographic study of special groups of the water molds. I. Blastocladiaceae. American Journal of Botany. 1927, 14 (6): 287–306. JSTOR 2435852. doi:10.2307/2435852.
^ ^10.0 ^10.1 Indoh H. Studies on Japanese aquatic fungi. II. The Blastocladiaceae. Science Reports of the Tokyo Bunrika Daigaku. 1940, 4: 237–384 (see p. 352).
^ ^11.0 ^11.1 Minden MV. Phycomyceten. Kryptogamen-Flora der Mark Brandenburg. 1912, 5: 209–608 (see p. 606) （德语）.
^ Barrett JT. The development of Blastocladia strangulata, n. sp.. Botanical Gazette Crawfordsville. 1912, 54 (5): 353–371. doi:10.1086/330929.
^ Sparrow FK Jr. Observations on the aquatic fungi of Cold Spring Harbor. Mycologia. 1932, 24 (3): 283–302. JSTOR 3753872. doi:10.2307/3753872.