Trogon violaceus Gmelin & JF 1788

Trogon violaceus ye una especie d'ave trogoniforme de la familia Trogonidae que la so área de distribución estender dende Méxicu a la cuenca amazónica. Nun se reconocen subespecies.^[2]

Referencies

Enllaces esternos

• Wikimedia Commons acueye conteníu multimedia sobre Trogon violaceus.

Trogon violaceus (lat. Trogon violaceus) - troqon cinsinə aid heyvan növü.

Mənbə

An trogon limestra^{(Daveoù a vank)} a zo un evn, Trogon violaceus an anv skiantel anezhañ.

Doareoù pennañ

Boued

Annez

El trogon violaci (Trogon violaceus) és un ocell de la família dels trogònids (Trogonidae) que habita la selva humida del sud de Veneçuela, nord de Brasil, les Guaianes i Trinitat.

Taxonomia

Segons la classificació de Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (2017) ^[1] aquesta espècie està formada per 6 subespècies:

• T. v. violaceus JF Gmelin, 1788, de Veneçuela meridional, Brasil septentrional, Guaianes i Trinitat.
• T. v. sallaei Bonaparte, 1856. Des del sud de Mèxic fins Costa Rica.
• T. v. concinnus Lawrence, 1862. Des de Panamà, a través de l'oest de Colòmbia fins l'oest d'Equador i nord-oest de Perú.
• T. v. caligatus Gould, 1838. Del nord de Colòmbia i oest de Veneçuela.
• T. v. ramonianus Deville et Des Murs, 1849, de l'Amazònia occidental.
• T. r. crissalis (Cabanis et Heine, 1863). De l'Amazònia oriental i central.

A la classificació de l'IOC World Bird List, versió 7.3,^[2] sallei, concinnus i caligatus formarien l'espècie Trogon caligatus, mentre ramonianus i crissalis formarien Trogon ramonianus, quedant violaceus com única subespècie.

Referències

Den blågule trogon (Trogon violaceus) er en trogon. Den lever i Colombia, Bolivia, Venezuela, Guyana og Trinidad. Den når en længde på 23 cm.

The Guianan trogon (Trogon violaceus), is a near passerine bird in the trogon and quetzal family Trogonidae. It is found in Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Trinidad, and Venezuela.^[1]

Taxonomy and systematics

The Guianan trogon was formally described in 1788 by the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin in his revised and expanded edition of Carl Linnaeus's Systema Naturae. He placed it with the other trogons in the genus Trogon and coined the binomial name Trogon violaceus.^[2] Gmelin based his account on a description and illustration by the German botanist Joseph Gottlieb Kölreuter that had been published 1765.^[3] Gmelin did not specify a type locality, but this has been designated as Suriname.^[4] The specific epithet violaceus is from Latin and means "violet-coloured".^[5] The species is now considered to be monotypic: no subspecies are recognised.^[6]

The Guianan trogon was formerly named the violaceous trogon and included the gartered trogon (T. caligatus) and the Amazonian trogon (T. ramonianus) as subspecies.^[4][7] A molecular phylogenetic study of the genus Trogon based on a single mitochondrial gene was published in 2008. It found that the Guianan trogon, the blue-crowned trogon (T. curucui) and the Surucua trogon (T. surrucura) formed a well defined clade but the three Guianan trogon subspecies did not form a monophyletic group.^[8]

The Guianan trogon is treated as a monotypic species by the South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society (SACC), the International Ornithological Committee (IOC), and the Clements taxonomy. BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW) treats it as the nominate subspecies of violaceous trogon. HBW also includes five other subspecies that the SACC, IOC, and Clements treat as members of two full species, gartered trogon (T. caligatus) and Amazonian trogon (T. ramonianus).^{[9][1][10][11]} The SACC notes that the split into three species might deserve reevaluation.^[9]

Description

The Guianan trogon is 23 to 25 cm (9.1 to 9.8 in) long and weighs 38 to 57 g (1.3 to 2.0 oz). Males and females have very different plumage. Adult males have a violet-blue head with a black mask and throat; their bill is pale blue-gray and their dark eye is surrounded by bare pale yellow skin. The violet-blue of their head extends to the middle of their breast, where a narrow white band separates it from the bright yellow of the rest of their underparts. Their upperparts are bright metallic green and their wings so finely marked with black and white that they appear dark gray-brown. Their tail's upper surface is violet-blue with black tips to the feathers; the lower surface has fine black and white bars and wide white tips to the feathers. Adult females' bills have a blackish culmen and the face has white arcs above and below the eye. Their head and upperparts are dark gray and their wings are thinly but densely barred black and white. Their belly is a duller yellow than the male's and has a gray wash on the flanks. The underside of their tail appears barred on its sides. Juvenile males have browner wings and less white on their undertail than adults. Juvenile females are like the adult.^[12]

The Guinan trogon's song is "a long series of rapid hollow downslurred whistles, kyu-kyu-kyu-kyu-kyu-kyu". Its calls include "rolling chattering."^[12]

Distribution and habitat

The Guianan trogon is non-migratory. It is found in eastern Venezuela, the Guianas, and adjacent northern Brazil. It inhabits a variety of semi-open landscapes such as savanna, the edges and openings of primary forest, young secondary forest, cacao and coffee plantations, and terra firme forest. It ranges as high as 1,200 m (3,900 ft) in Venezuela.^[12]

Behavior

Feeding

The Guianan trogon's diet is fruit and arthropods that it collects while hovering after short sallies from a perch. It often joins mixed-species foraging flocks.^[12]

Breeding

The Guianan trogon's breeding season is not fully defined but appears to be within the November to June period. It excavates a cavity in arboreal nests of paper wasps, ants, or termites and also in rotten wood or a fern root mass. The clutch size is two or three eggs. The incubation time is not known; fledging occurs at least 17 days after hatch.^[12]

Status

The IUCN follows HBW taxonomy and so has not assessed the Guianan trogon separately from the violaceous trogon sensu lato.^[13] The species is "[r]are and local in Venezuela, but common in Trinidad and Suriname."^[12]

References

El trogón violáceo^[2]​ o surucuá violeta chico (Trogon violaceus) es una especie de ave trogoniforme de la familia Trogonidae cuya área de distribución se extiende desde México a la cuenca amazónica. No se reconocen subespecies.^[3]​

Referencias

Trogon violaceus Trogon generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Trogonidae familian sailkatua dago.

Erreferentziak

Kanpo estekak

• World Bird Names

Ikus, gainera

• Trogon
• Trogonidae

Pikkutrogoni, aikaisemmalta nimeltään ampiaistrogoni^[2] (Trogon violaceus) on trogonien heimoon kuuluva amerikkalainen lintu. Sen esiintymisalue ulottuu Meksikon etelä- ja itäosista Keski-Amerikkaan sekä Etelä-Amerikan pohjoisosaan Ecuadoria, Perua, sekä Boliviaan ja Brasiliaan kuuluvaa Amazonian aluetta myöten. Lajista tunnetaan kuusi alalajia. Johann Friedrich Gmelin kuvaili lajin holotyypin Surinamesta vuonna 1788.^[3] Pikkutrogoni valtaa pesäkseen puussa sijaitsevan paperimaisen ampiaispesän, jonka asukkaat se ensin syö.^[2]

Lähteet

Trogon violaceus

Le Trogon violacé (Trogon violaceus) est une espèce d'oiseau de la famille des Trogonidae.

Description

Ce trogon mesure environ 23 cm de longueur. Il présente un dimorphisme sexuel. Les deux sexes ont le ventre jaune. Le mâle a la tête et la poitrine bleu foncé et les cercles oculaires jaunes.

Répartition

Son aire s'étend du flanc est de la Sierra Madre orientale à travers l'Amazonie.

Taxonomie

Le Trogon pattu (Trogon caligatus) d'Amérique centrale était considéré auparavant comme une sous-espèce du Trogon violacé.

Il trogone violaceo (Trogon violaceus Gmelin 1788) è un uccello della famiglia Trogonidae.

Descrizione

È un uccello di piccole dimensioni: da adulto è lungo tra i 23 e i 26 centimetri e pesa tra i 45 e i 65 grammi. La colorazione del piumaggio è, nel maschio, nera e viola iridescente sulla testa, verde sul dorso e sulla parte superiore della coda, mentre il petto è giallo-arancione. La femmina è prevalentemente grigia.^[2]

Abitudini e alimentazione

Il trogone violaceo si nutre di frutti, insetti e altri invertebrati. Nidifica nelle cavità dei tronchi degli alberi o in nidi di vespe e termiti.^[2]

Distribuzione e habitat

Si può trovare in un areale compreso tra il Messico sud-orientale al Sud America centrale. Vive per lo più in foreste pluviali, in boschi della zona tropicale e, raramente, anche in zone coltivate e aride.^[2]

Note

De Guyanatrogon (Trogon violaceus) behoort tot de familie Trogonidae.

Kenmerken

Mannetjes hebben een donkere, paarsblauw iriserende kop, een groene rug en bovenstaart , een geeloranje borst en gebandeerde staartveren, terwijl de vrouwtjes overwegend grijs zijn. De lichaamslengte bedraagt 23 tot 26 cm^[2] en het gewicht 45 tot 65 gram.

Leefwijze

Hun voedsel bestaat voornamelijk uit vruchten, insecten en andere ongewervelden. Het nesthol bevindt zich meestal in een boom of in oude termieten- of wespennesten.

Verspreiding

Deze standvogel komt voor in de tropische regenwouden en halfopen landschappen, soms ook in droge struwelen en agrarische gebieden van zuidoostelijk Mexico tot centraal Zuid-Amerika, met name in zuidelijk Venezuela, noordelijk Brazilië, de Guiana's en Trinidad.

Externe link

• Avibase

• David Burnie (2001) - Animals, Dorling Kindersley Limited, London. ISBN 90-18-01564-4

O surucuá-violáceo (Trogon violaceus) é uma espécie de ave da família Trogonidae.^[2] Está presente na América Central e do Sul.^[1]

Características

Mede aproximadamente 23 cm de comprimento e pesa 56 gramas. Possui dimorfismo sexual: machos com cabeça e peitos azuis, pálpebra amarela, dorso verde (tornando-se azulado próximo ao uropígio) e cauda com faixas tranversais alvinegras; fêmeas e imaturos com cinzentos com cauda barrada transversalmente de negro.

Apresenta duas subespécies: Trogon v. caligatus (ocorre do México ao norte da Venezuela e Colômbia) e Trogon v. violaceus (encontrada na Bacia Amazônica e em Trinidad).

È residente em muitas florestas tropicais, nidificando em ninhos de cupins, formigas e vespas ou em ocos de árvores, onde deposita de dois a três ovos brancos. Alimenta-se de insetos e pequenos frutos.

Referências

Guyanatrogon^[2] (Trogon violaceus) är en fågel i familjen trogoner inom ordningen trogonfåglar.^[3] Fågeln förekommer i Venezuela, Guyanaregionen och intilliggande norra Brasilien samt på Trinidad.^[3] IUCN kategoriserar arten som livskraftig, men inkluderar även gouldtrogon och amazontrogon i violaceus^[1]

Referenser

1. ^ [a b] Birdlife International 2014 Trogon violaceus Från: IUCN 2015. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015.4 www.iucnredlist.org. Läst 2016-02-01.
2. ^ Sveriges ornitologiska förening (2016) Officiella listan över svenska namn på världens fågelarter Arkiverad 18 oktober 2014 hämtat från the Wayback Machine., läst 2016-11-10
3. ^ [a b] Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood (2016) The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 2016 http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download, läst 2016-08-11

Externa länkar

• Wikimedia Commons har media som rör guyanatrogon.
  Bilder & media
• Wikispecies har information om Trogon violaceus.
  Artförteckning

Trogon violaceus là một loài chim trong họ Trogonidae.^[1]

Chú thích

Tham khảo

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