The genus Quercus is one of the most significant cladistic groups of woody angiosperms in the Northern Hemisphere, based upon diversity as well as ecological dominance. Species of oaks are prominent members of many plant communities including: oak woodlands, temperate deciduous forests, matorral, pine-oak forests, chaparral-oak associations, tropical and subtropical savannas, tropical montane and premontane forests.
Fagaceae are woody trees and shrubs whose nut is enclosed in a shell-like casing. The Fagaceae family originated in Asia, first appearing in the fossil record during the Early Cretaceous, more than 100 million years ago. Subsequent radiation toward Europe and North America produced geographic dispersion as well as divergence of genera. The chromosomal composition across the entire family is remarkably similar (2n=24), but there are isolated triploid Quercus species. The extinct genus Dryophyllum, one of the earliest known Fagaceae, is believed to be the ancestor of modern oaks.
Based on molecular genetics analysis, the genus Quercus is estimated to have separated from Castanea about 60 million years ago. Oaks first appear in the fossil record in North America during the Paleogene between 55 to 50 million years b.p. Most interspecific separations occurred within the Quercus species between 22 and three million years ago. During this period, oaks became the most dominant tree type in the Fagaceae family.
Depending on the classification scheme, there are somewhere between 450 and 600 oak species; one of the chief points of confusion is the taxonomic status of many hybrid oaks. The geographical center of oak diversity is clearly in the Northern Hemisphere, particularly North America. At least 220 species occur on this continent, chiefly in Mexico and the USA. Mexico alone has 160 different oak species, 90 of which are endemic. Only one oak species occurs in South America, Quercus humboldtii, which is found in Columbia. After the Isthmus of Panama connected North and South America several million years ago, oaks propagated to the Andes, dating as early as 186,000 years before present., based upon pollen core records.
Quercus vulcanica (lat. Quercus vulcanica) - fıstıqkimilər fəsiləsinin palıd cinsinə aid bitki növü.
Quercus vulcanica (lat. Quercus vulcanica) - fıstıqkimilər fəsiləsinin palıd cinsinə aid bitki növü.
Quercus vulcanica, és una espècie de roure, natiu i endèmic de l'Anatòlia,[1] entre Síria i Turquia, i està classificada en la secció Quercus Mesobalanus.
És un gran roure caducifoli que assoleix fins als 25 metres o més d'alçada. Les fulles en una tija de 3,5 cm de llarg, obovades a 17 cm de llarg i 10 cm d'ample. Les fulles tenen uns talls profunds, de vegades gairebé fins al nervi mitjà en un màxim de set lòbuls a cada costat, cada un d'ells sovint amb lòbuls secundaris més petits. Són de color verd fosc per sobre, més pàl·lides i finament peludes per sota i es tornen grogues quan arriba la tardor. Les glans són cilíndriques a ovoides, de 3,5 cm de llarg i maduren en el primer any i sèssils o en una tija curt.
La seva àrea de distribució natural és en els boscos de muntanya a uns 1.500 metres i superiors, on creix junt amb el Cedrus libani.
Quercus vulcanica, és una espècie de roure, natiu i endèmic de l'Anatòlia, entre Síria i Turquia, i està classificada en la secció Quercus Mesobalanus.
Quercus vulcanica is a species of flowering plant in the Fagaceae family.[2] It is referred to by the common name Kasnak oak, and is a rare species of tree native to Lebanon, Syria, and Turkey.[3][4] It is placed in section Quercus.[5]
Quercus vulcanica is highly valued in its native region as a source of lumber and also as an ornamental. It is a large tree up to 33 metres (108 feet) tall, with a trunk sometimes attaining 150 centimetres (59 inches) in diameter. The bark is gray and fissured. The leaves are up to 16 cm (6+1⁄4 in) long, egg-shaped with deep lobes, green on the top but yellow-green on the underside.[6][7]
Quercus vulcanica is a species of flowering plant in the Fagaceae family. It is referred to by the common name Kasnak oak, and is a rare species of tree native to Lebanon, Syria, and Turkey. It is placed in section Quercus.
Quercus vulcanica is highly valued in its native region as a source of lumber and also as an ornamental. It is a large tree up to 33 metres (108 feet) tall, with a trunk sometimes attaining 150 centimetres (59 inches) in diameter. The bark is gray and fissured. The leaves are up to 16 cm (6+1⁄4 in) long, egg-shaped with deep lobes, green on the top but yellow-green on the underside.
Quercus vulcanica, es una especie arbórea de la familia de las fagáceas. Está clasificada en la Sección Mesobalanus, el roble húngaro y sus parientes de Europa y Asia. Tiene los estilos largos; las bellotas maduran en unos 6 meses y tiene el sabor amargo, el interior de bellota tiene pelo. La sección Mesobalanus está estrechamente relacionada con la sección Quercus y, a veces, está incluida en la misma.[1][2]
Es nativo y endémico de Anatolia,[3] entre Siria y Turquía.
Es un gran roble caducifolio que alcanza hasta un tamaño de 25 metros o más de altura. Las hojas en un tallo de 3,5 cm de largo, obovadas a 17 cm de largo y 10 cm de ancho. Las hojas tienen unos cortes profundos, a veces casi hasta el nervio medio con un máximo de siete lóbulos a cada lado, cada uno de ellos a menudo con lóbulos secundarios más pequeños. Son de color verde oscuro por encima, más pálidas y finamente peludas por debajo y se vuelven amarillas cuando llega el otoño. Las bellotas son cilíndricas a ovoides, de 3,5 cm de largo y maduran en el primer año, sésiles o en un tallo corto.
Su área de distribución natural es en los bosques de montaña a unos 1.500 metros y superiores, donde crece junto con el Cedrus libani.
Quercus vulcanica fue descrita por Boiss. & Heldr. ex Kotschy y publicado en Die Eichen Europa's und des Orient's t. 18. 1860.[4][5][6]
Quercus: nombre genérico del latín que designaba igualmente al roble y a la encina.
vulcanica: epíteto latíno que significa "volcánico".[7]
Quercus vulcanica, es una especie arbórea de la familia de las fagáceas. Está clasificada en la Sección Mesobalanus, el roble húngaro y sus parientes de Europa y Asia. Tiene los estilos largos; las bellotas maduran en unos 6 meses y tiene el sabor amargo, el interior de bellota tiene pelo. La sección Mesobalanus está estrechamente relacionada con la sección Quercus y, a veces, está incluida en la misma.
Quercus vulcanica est une espèce d'arbres appartenant au genre Quercus.
Cette espèce est présente uniquement dans les villes de Kütahya, Konya, Afyon, Isparta, Eğirdir, Sütçüler en Turquie. Elle est communément appelée Kasnak meşesi, qui se traduit par « chêne de Kasnak ».
Cette espèce ressemble beaucoup à Quercus frainetto (le chêne de Hongrie ou chêne d'Italie). Les feuilles sont assez grandes et profondément lobées. Elles sont alternées. Le fruit est un akène, appelé gland, fixé dans sa cupule. Les glands sont sessiles (sans pédoncule).
Il peut atteindre 25-30 mètres de hauteur.
En Turquie, le Quercus vulcanica est très précieux, il est utilisé pour son bois, notamment, dans la fabrication du parquet. Son nom courant, Kasnak meşesi (Chêne de Kasnak) vient de son utilisation dans la fabrication d'un meuble en bois appelé Kasnak.
L'écorce, les glands et les feuilles, riches en tanins, possèdent un pouvoir astringent très puissant.
Quercus vulcanica est une espèce d'arbres appartenant au genre Quercus.
Cette espèce est présente uniquement dans les villes de Kütahya, Konya, Afyon, Isparta, Eğirdir, Sütçüler en Turquie. Elle est communément appelée Kasnak meşesi, qui se traduit par « chêne de Kasnak ».
Ville de Konya en TurquieKasnak meşesi (Quercus vulcanica), kayıngiller (Fagaceae) familyasından 25–30 m boya ulaşabilen geniş ve yaygın tepeli bir meşe türü.
Genç sürgünler sarımtrak veya kırmızımtrak olup, önceleri tüylü daha sonraları çıplaktır. Tomurcuklar büyük yumurta biçiminde kahverengi kırmızı, tüysüzdür. Tomurcuk pullarının kenarları kirpiklidir. Yapraklar sürgünler üzerinde oldukça aralıklı dizilmiştir. Yaprak ayası ters yumurta veya eliptik biçimli, dip tarafı çarpıktır. Yaprakların alt yüzü basık ve yıldız tüylüdür. Üst yüzü çıplak ve koyu yeşildir. Kadeh çok belirgin ve yarımküre şeklindedir.
Türkiye'de endemik bir türdür. Kütahya, Konya, Afyon, Isparta, Eğirdir, Sütçüler, Yukarı Gökdere yörelerinde bulunur. 1300–1800 m yükseltilere kadar çıkabilir.
Çok değerli odunları vardır. Yıllık halkalar son derece dar olduğundan kaplamalığa elverişlidir. Parke ve kasnak yapımında kullanılır.
Kasnak meşesi (Quercus vulcanica), kayıngiller (Fagaceae) familyasından 25–30 m boya ulaşabilen geniş ve yaygın tepeli bir meşe türü.
Genç sürgünler sarımtrak veya kırmızımtrak olup, önceleri tüylü daha sonraları çıplaktır. Tomurcuklar büyük yumurta biçiminde kahverengi kırmızı, tüysüzdür. Tomurcuk pullarının kenarları kirpiklidir. Yapraklar sürgünler üzerinde oldukça aralıklı dizilmiştir. Yaprak ayası ters yumurta veya eliptik biçimli, dip tarafı çarpıktır. Yaprakların alt yüzü basık ve yıldız tüylüdür. Üst yüzü çıplak ve koyu yeşildir. Kadeh çok belirgin ve yarımküre şeklindedir.
Türkiye'de endemik bir türdür. Kütahya, Konya, Afyon, Isparta, Eğirdir, Sütçüler, Yukarı Gökdere yörelerinde bulunur. 1300–1800 m yükseltilere kadar çıkabilir.
Çok değerli odunları vardır. Yıllık halkalar son derece dar olduğundan kaplamalığa elverişlidir. Parke ve kasnak yapımında kullanılır.
Quercus vulcanica là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cử. Loài này được Boiss. & Heldr. ex Kotschy miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1860.[1]
Quercus vulcanica là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cử. Loài này được Boiss. & Heldr. ex Kotschy miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1860.