dcsimg

Comments ( Inglês )

fornecido por eFloras
Sagittaria latifolia has been divided into numerous species and varieties. It was divided into two varieties, based upon the presence of pubescence over the entire vegetative plant (C. Bogin 1955; K. Rataj 1972). We have examined numerous specimens and found that many from the southeastern United States are pubescent; we believe that this character alone is insufficient for recognition of the varieties.
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direitos autorais
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
citação bibliográfica
Flora of North America Vol. 22 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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eFloras.org
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eFloras

Description ( Inglês )

fornecido por eFloras
Herbs, perennial, to 45 cm; rhizomes absent; stolons present; corms present. Leaves emersed; petiole triangular, erect to ascending, 6.5--51 cm; blade sagittate, rarely hastate, 1.5--30.5 ´ 2--17 cm, basal lobes equal to or less than remainder of blade. Inflorescences racemes, rarely panicles, of 3--9 whorls, emersed, 4.5--28.5 ´ 4--23 cm; peduncles 10--59 cm; bracts connate more than or equal to ¼ total length, elliptic to lanceolate, 3--8 mm, delicate, not papillose; fruiting pedicels spreading, cylindric, 0.5--3.5 cm. Flowers to 4 cm diam.; sepals recurved to spreading, not enclosing flower or fruiting head; filaments cylindric, longer than anthers, glabrous; pistillate pedicellate, without ring of sterile stamens. Fruiting heads 1--1.7 cm diam; achenes oblanceoloid, without abaxial keel, 2.5--3.5 ´ to 2 mm, beaked; faces not tuberculate, wings absent, glands (0--)1(--2); beak lateral, horizontal, 1--2 mm. 2n = 22.
licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
citação bibliográfica
Flora of North America Vol. 22 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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eFloras.org
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eFloras

Distribution ( Inglês )

fornecido por eFloras
Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask.; Ala., Ark., Calif., Colo., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., N.Dak., Ohio, Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis.; c, s Mexico; Central America (Guatemala); South America (Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela).
licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
citação bibliográfica
Flora of North America Vol. 22 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
fonte
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
projeto
eFloras.org
original
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eFloras

Flowering/Fruiting ( Inglês )

fornecido por eFloras
Flowering summer--fall.
licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
citação bibliográfica
Flora of North America Vol. 22 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
fonte
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
projeto
eFloras.org
original
visite a fonte
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eFloras

Habitat ( Inglês )

fornecido por eFloras
Wet ditches, pools, and margins of streams and lakes; 0--1500m.
licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
citação bibliográfica
Flora of North America Vol. 22 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
fonte
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
projeto
eFloras.org
original
visite a fonte
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eFloras

Synonym ( Inglês )

fornecido por eFloras
Sagittaria latifolia var. obtusa (Muhlenberg) Wiegand; S. latifolia var. pubescens (Engelmann) J. G. Smith; S. ornithorhyncha Small; S. planipes Fernald; S. pubescens Muhlenberg; S. viscosa C. Mohr
licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
citação bibliográfica
Flora of North America Vol. 22 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
fonte
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
projeto
eFloras.org
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
eFloras

Comprehensive Description ( Inglês )

fornecido por North American Flora
Sagittaria longirostra (Micheli) J. G. Smith, Mem. Torrey
Club 5 : 26. 1894.
Sagittaria sagittifolia (?) longirostra Micheli, in DC. Monog. Phan. 3: 69. 1881.
Plants emersed or partially submerged, 4-9 dm. tall ; leaves erect or nearly so, the blades broad or narrow, 10-25 cm. long, the terminal lobe broadly ovate to linear, abruptly pointed or acuminate, the basal lobes ovate or oblong-lanceolate or narrowly linear, acute or acuminate, about one half as long as the blade or more ; scapes erect, longer than the leaves, sharply 6-angled ; whorls of the inflorescence few or several ; bracts lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, acuminate ; pedicels of the lower whorls 5-10 mm. long or rarely more ; sepals becoming 6-8 mm. long; filaments not dilated, glabrous; anthers shorter than the filaments; fruitheads spheroidal, 12-18 mm. in diameter; achenes obovate or orbicularobovate, 4 mm. long, with a broad and high, undulate or crest-like dorsal wing and usually a single prominent facial wing on each side, the beak erect, but more or less curved at the tip, about one half as long as the body.
Type locality : Alabama.
Distribution : New Jersey and Pennsylvania to Florida and Alabama.
licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
citação bibliográfica
Percy Wilson, Per Axel Rydberg, Norman Taylor, Nathaniel Lord Britton, John Kunkel Small, George Valentine Nash. 1909. PANDANALES-POALES; TYPHACEAE, SPARGANACEAE, ELODEACEAE, HYDROCHARITACEAE, ZANNICHELLIACEAE, ZOSTERACEAE, CYMODOCEACEAE, NAIADACEAE, LILAEACEAE, SCHEUCHZERIACEAE, ALISMACEAE, BUTOMACEAE, POACEAE (pars). North American flora. vol 17(1). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
original
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North American Flora

Comprehensive Description ( Inglês )

fornecido por North American Flora
Sagittaria pubescens Muhl. Cat. 86. 1813
Sagittaria sagittifolia pubescens Torr. Cotnp. 356. 1826.
Sagittaria variabilis pubescens Engelm. in A. Gray, Man. ed. 5. 493. 1867.
Sagittaria latifolia pubescens J. G. Smith, Mem. Torrey Club 5 : 25. 1894.
Plants partially or wholly emersed, 2-6 dm. tall ; leaves erect or nearly so, the blades oblong or broadly ovate, or rarely hastate or sagittate, 8-25 cm. long, pubescent, the terminal lobe ovate, orbicular-ovate or lanceolate, usually abruptly pointed ; the basal lobes ovate to lanceolate, about one half as long as the blade or longer ; scapes 3-6 dm. tall, pubescent ; whorls of the inflorescence remote ; pedicels variable in length, sometimes surpassing the bracts; bracts ovate or suborbicular, obtuse, 7-10 mm. long, densely pubescent ; sepals orbicular-ovate to reniform, pubescent; filaments not dilated, glabrous ; fruit-heads 8-15 mm. in diameter ; achenes somewhat anvil-shaped or resembling the head of a bird, 2-3 mm. long, the beak horizontal or somewhat declined, mostly longer and firmer than that of >S. latifolia.
Type locality : Pennsylvania.
Distribution : New Jersey and Pennsylvania to western Tennessee, Alabama, and Florida.
licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
citação bibliográfica
Percy Wilson, Per Axel Rydberg, Norman Taylor, Nathaniel Lord Britton, John Kunkel Small, George Valentine Nash. 1909. PANDANALES-POALES; TYPHACEAE, SPARGANACEAE, ELODEACEAE, HYDROCHARITACEAE, ZANNICHELLIACEAE, ZOSTERACEAE, CYMODOCEACEAE, NAIADACEAE, LILAEACEAE, SCHEUCHZERIACEAE, ALISMACEAE, BUTOMACEAE, POACEAE (pars). North American flora. vol 17(1). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
original
visite a fonte
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North American Flora

Comprehensive Description ( Inglês )

fornecido por North American Flora
Sagittaria latifolia Wilid. Sp. PL 4 : 409. 1806
Sagittaria sagitlifolia L,. Sp. PI. 993, in part. 1753.
Sagittaria oblusa Willd. Sp. PL 4 : 409. 1806.
Sagittaria gracilis Pursh, FL Am. Sept. 396. 1814.
Sagittaria simplex Pursh, FL Am. Sept. 396. 1814.
Sagittaria hasiata Pursh, FL Am. Sept. 396. 1814.
Sagittaria sagitlifolia latifolia Torr. Comp. 355. 1826.
Sagittaria sagitlifolia hasiata Torr. Comp. 355. 1826.
Sagittaria sagitlifolia gracilis Torr. Comp. 356. 1826.
Sagittaria sagitlifolia macrophylla Hook. FL Bor. Am. 2 : 167. 1838.
Sagittaria sagitlifolia vulgaris Hook. FL Bor. Am. 2 : 167. 1838.
Sagittaria variabilis Engelm. in A. Gray, Man. 461. 1848.
Sagittaria variabilis anguslifolia Engelm. in A. Gray, Man. ed. 5. 493. 1867.
Sagittaria variabilis gracilis Engelm. in A. Gray, Man. ed. 5. 493. 1867.
Sagittaria variabilis oblusa Engelm. in A. Gray, Man. ed. 5. 493. 1867.
Sagittaria variabilis latifolia Engelm. in A. Gray, Man. ed. 5. 493. 1867.
Sagittaria sagitlifolia variabilis Micheli, in DC. Monog. Phan. 3: 69. 1881.
Sagittaria chinensts Parish, Zoe 1 : 122. 1890. Not 5. sinensis Sims. 1833.
Sagittaria sagitlifolia sinensis Brand. Zoe 4 : 217. 1893. Not 5. sinensis Sims. 1833.
Sagittaria esculenta Howell, FL NW. Am. 679. 1903.
Sagittaria latifolia glabra Buch, in Engler, Pflanzenreich 4 15 : 50. 1903.
Plants partially or wholly emersed, 2-14 dm. tall ; leaves very variable, mostly erect or ascending, the blades sometimes broader than long, 10-40 cm. long, glabrous, the terminal lobe varying from deltoid or ovate to linear, the basal lobes ovate, lanceolate, or linear, acute or acuminate ; scape erect, angled, glabrous ; bracts ovate, mostly less than 1 cm. long, glabrous, acute or obtusish ; whorls of the inflorescence mostly distant ; pedicels variable, those bearing pistillate flowers 2-5 cm. long or longer, or sometimes shorter; filaments not dilated, glabrous; fruit-heads 1.5-3 cm. in diameter; achenes obovate, usually broadly so, about 3 mm. long, broadly winged, especially at the top, the beak horizontal or nearly so.
Type locality : Canada to Carolina.
Distribution: New Brunswick and Nova Scotia to British Columbia, Florida, California, Mexico, and Central America.
licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
citação bibliográfica
Percy Wilson, Per Axel Rydberg, Norman Taylor, Nathaniel Lord Britton, John Kunkel Small, George Valentine Nash. 1909. PANDANALES-POALES; TYPHACEAE, SPARGANACEAE, ELODEACEAE, HYDROCHARITACEAE, ZANNICHELLIACEAE, ZOSTERACEAE, CYMODOCEACEAE, NAIADACEAE, LILAEACEAE, SCHEUCHZERIACEAE, ALISMACEAE, BUTOMACEAE, POACEAE (pars). North American flora. vol 17(1). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
original
visite a fonte
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North American Flora

Comprehensive Description ( Inglês )

fornecido por North American Flora
Sagittaria viscosa C. Mohr, Bull. Torrey Club 24 : 19. 1897
Plants mostly emersed, 4-8 dm. tall ; leaves erect or nearly so, the blades broadly ovate, 2-3.5 dm. long-, rounded to the apiculate apex; the basal lobes ovate, acute or acuminate, as long as the terminal lobe or shorter ; scapes erect, overtopping the leaves, or rarely shorter, simple or branched; whorls of the inflorescence mostly 8-10; pedicels slender, of nearly equal length throughout ; bracts leathery, ovate or ovate-oblong, obtuse, papillose, rugose and viscid ; sepals leathery, becoming 7-8 mm. long, roughened and viscid like the bracts ; corollas fully 1 cm. broad ; filaments not dilated, pubescent ; anthers shorter than the filaments ; achenes not seen.
Type locality : Along the Mobile River, Alabama. Distribution : Southern Alabama and Florida.
licença
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
citação bibliográfica
Percy Wilson, Per Axel Rydberg, Norman Taylor, Nathaniel Lord Britton, John Kunkel Small, George Valentine Nash. 1909. PANDANALES-POALES; TYPHACEAE, SPARGANACEAE, ELODEACEAE, HYDROCHARITACEAE, ZANNICHELLIACEAE, ZOSTERACEAE, CYMODOCEACEAE, NAIADACEAE, LILAEACEAE, SCHEUCHZERIACEAE, ALISMACEAE, BUTOMACEAE, POACEAE (pars). North American flora. vol 17(1). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
North American Flora

Saethlys llydanddail ( Galês )

fornecido por wikipedia CY

Planhigion blodeuol sy'n hoff iawn o wlyptiroedd a phyllau o ddŵr yw Saethlys llydanddail sy'n enw gwrywaidd. Mae'n perthyn i'r teulu Alismataceae yn y genws Sagittaria. Yr enw gwyddonol (Lladin) yw Sagittaria latifolia a'r enw Saesneg yw Duck potato.

Mae'n tyfu mewn mwd a hynny mewn dŵr bas pwll neu ffos, mewn cors neu rostir[1] a chaiff ei glorod eu bwyta gan frodorion De America ers canrifoedd.

Gweler hefyd

Cyfeiriadau

  1. [http: //plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=ALGR USDA Plants Profile]
Comin Wikimedia
Mae gan Gomin Wikimedia
gyfryngau sy'n berthnasol i:
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Awduron a golygyddion Wikipedia
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Saethlys llydanddail: Brief Summary ( Galês )

fornecido por wikipedia CY

Planhigion blodeuol sy'n hoff iawn o wlyptiroedd a phyllau o ddŵr yw Saethlys llydanddail sy'n enw gwrywaidd. Mae'n perthyn i'r teulu Alismataceae yn y genws Sagittaria. Yr enw gwyddonol (Lladin) yw Sagittaria latifolia a'r enw Saesneg yw Duck potato.

Mae'n tyfu mewn mwd a hynny mewn dŵr bas pwll neu ffos, mewn cors neu rostir a chaiff ei glorod eu bwyta gan frodorion De America ers canrifoedd.

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Awduron a golygyddion Wikipedia
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Šípatka širolistá ( Checo )

fornecido por wikipedia CZ

Šípatka širolistá (Sagittaria latifolia Willd.) je druh jednoděložných rostlin z čeledi žabníkovité (Alismataceae).

Popis

Jedná se o vytrvalou bahenní až vodní rostlinu, dorůstá výšky až 45 cm [2], pod zemí se nacházejí hlízy. Listy jsou v přízemní růžici, jsou dlouze řapíkaté s výrazně střelovitou čepelí. Květy jsou uspořádány do květenství, jedná se o vrcholový hrozenlatu uspořádanou do přeslenů. Květy jsou jednopohlavné, okvětí je rozlišeno na kalich a korunu. Kališní lístky jsou 3, korunní také 3, korunní lístky jsou bílé, na bázi nemají na rozdíl od šípatky střelolisté sytě fialovou skvrnu. Prašníky jsou žluté, nikoliv červenofialové. Gyneceum je apokarpní. Plodem jsou nažky uspořádané v souplodí, zobánek nažky je delší než 1 mm.

Rozšíření ve světě

Šípatka širolistá roste přirozeně v Americe, a to od jihovýchodní Kanady, přes celé USA (hlavně východní polovinu), sahá přes Mexiko, Střední Ameriku na jih až po Kolumbii, Ekvádor a Venezuelu [2]. Adventivně roste jinde, např. v Evropě.

Rozšíření v ČR

V ČR i v celé Evropě je nepůvodní. Kubát (2002) [3] udává výskyt jako vzácný a přechodný, ve skutečnosti je mnohem hojnější a výskyt bude zřejmě i trvalejšího charakteru. Sutorý (2006) [4] udává desítky lokalit především z Polabí, ale výskyt byl zaznamenán i na Moravě. Existuje nebezpečí, že se stane šípatka širolistá invazním druhem.

Využití

Vařené či opékané hlízy jsou jedlé, rostliny byla nazývána duck potato, Indian potato, či wapato. Byl to důležitý zdroj potravy pro některé kmeny severoamerických Indiánů [5]. Také je pěstována jako okrasná mokřadní rostlina.

Reference

  1. Červený seznam IUCN 2018.1. 5. července 2018. Dostupné online. [cit. 2018-08-10]
  2. a b http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=222000347
  3. Kirschner J. (2000): Sagittaria L.: In Kubát K. et al (eds) (2000): Klíč ke květeně České republiky, p.:733, Academia, Praha
  4. Sutorý K. (2006): Šípatka širolistá (Sagittaria latifolia) v České republice – Zprávy Čes. Bot. Společ. 41, 305-308, 2006
  5. http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/wq/plants/plantid2/descriptions/sag.html

Literatura

  • Klíč ke Květeně České republiky, Kubát K. et al. (eds.), Academia, Praha
  • Nová Květena ČSSR, vol. 2, Dostál J. (1989), Academia, Praha

Externí odkazy

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Šípatka širolistá: Brief Summary ( Checo )

fornecido por wikipedia CZ

Šípatka širolistá (Sagittaria latifolia Willd.) je druh jednoděložných rostlin z čeledi žabníkovité (Alismataceae).

licença
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Wikipedia autoři a editory
original
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wikipedia CZ

Bredbladet pilblad ( Dinamarquês )

fornecido por wikipedia DA

Bredbladet Pilblad (Sagittaria latifolia) er en flerårig urteagtig plante, der danner tæppeagtige bevoksninger. Planten danner tynde udløbere, som danner rodknolde på størrelse med golfbolde. Knoldene er spiselige og har været udnyttet af den oprindelige befolkning i Amerika.

Beskrivelse

Bladene sidder i en roset på en ganske kort, hårløs stængel eller direkte ved jorden. Bladene er helrandede og har en meget foranderlig form, spændende fra en helt smal pilform til en bred kileform. Undervandsblade er dog båndformede. Bladribberne er parallelle, og bladkødet er svampet og tykt. Begge bladsider er lyst græsgrønne.

Blomstringen sker i juli-september, hvor de hanlige blomster kendes på deres buskede, gule støvdragere, mens de hunlige har en ophovnet, grønlig frugtknude i midten. Begge slags blomster er regelmæssige og 3-tallige med tre hvide blosterblade. Frugterne er trerummede kapsler med mange frø.

Rodnettet består af trævlede rødder og nogle meget lange, tynde udløbere, som danner rodknolde på størrelse med en golfkugle. Knoldene er spiselige og har været udnyttet af den oprindelige befolkning.

Højde x bredde og årlig tilvækst: 0,75 x 0,50 m (75 x 50 cm/år).

Hjemsted

Arten er udbredt over det meste af det tempererede Nordamerika, Mexico, Hawaii og det nordlige Sydamerika. Den er nøje knyttet til vådområder, og tåler både stillestående og stærkt strømmende vand, fuldstændig nedsænkning og tørlægning. Arten er knyttet til et højt indhold af fosfater og hårdt vand. Den er naturaliseret flere steder i Europa, hvor den anses for at være en invasiv art.

I Hiawatha Indian Reserve Marsh, som ligger i Peterborough County tæt på Lake Ontario, Canada, findes arten på en kyststrimmel mellem en og sumpen sammen med bl.a. Kattehale, Bidens frondosa (en art af Brøndsel), Grå-El, Impatiens biflora (en art af Balsamin), Kærmysse, Mose-Pors, Pile-Kornel, Sølv-Løn (unge planter) og Urtica gracilis (en art af Nælde)[1]




Note

  1. ^ nhic.mnr.gov.on.ca: Ministry of Natural Resources: Hiawatha Indian Reserve Marsh (engelsk)

Eksterne henvisninger

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Wikipedia-forfattere og redaktører
original
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wikipedia DA

Bredbladet pilblad: Brief Summary ( Dinamarquês )

fornecido por wikipedia DA

Bredbladet Pilblad (Sagittaria latifolia) er en flerårig urteagtig plante, der danner tæppeagtige bevoksninger. Planten danner tynde udløbere, som danner rodknolde på størrelse med golfbolde. Knoldene er spiselige og har været udnyttet af den oprindelige befolkning i Amerika.

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Wikipedia-forfattere og redaktører
original
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wikipedia DA

Sagittaria latifolia ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

Sagittaria latifolia is a plant found in shallow wetlands and is sometimes known as broadleaf arrowhead,[2] duck-potato,[3] Indian potato, katniss, or wapato. This plant produces edible tubers that have traditionally been extensively used by Native Americans.

Description

Sagittaria latifolia is a variably sized perennial, ranging from 2 to 20 metres (6+12 to 65+12 feet) in length and growing in colonies that can cover large areas of ground. The roots are white and thin, with the green and white mother plant producing white tubers ranging from 0.3 to 1 m (12 to 39+12 in) long and 0.15 to 0.6 m (6 to 23+12 in) deep, covered with a purplish skin. The plant produces rosettes of leaves and an inflorescence on a long rigid scape. The leaves are extremely variable, from 10–50 cm (4–19+12 in) in length[4] and 1 to 2 cm (12 to 34 in) thin to wedge-shaped like those of S. cuneata. Spongy and solid, the leaves have parallel venation meeting in the middle and the extremities. The inflorescence is a raceme about 90 cm (35 in) above water and composed of white flowers whorled by threes, blooming from July to September.[4] The flowers are about 2–4 cm (341+12 in) wide[4] and usually divided into female on the lower part and male on the upper of the plant, although some specimens are dioecious. The flowers have three round, white petals and three very short curved, dark green sepals. Flower sex is easy to determine due to the dissimilarity between the 25 to 50 yellow stamens of the male and the sphere of green carpels of the female ones.[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]

Distribution and habitat

Sagittaria latifolia, Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pérade, Quebec, Canada

Sagittaria latifolia is native to southern Canada and most of the contiguous United States, as well as Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Cuba. It is also naturalized in Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Bhutan, Australia and much of Europe (France, Spain, Italy, Romania, Germany, Switzerland, the Czech Republic, and European Russia).[13] In Mexico, it is reported from Campeche, Nayarit, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Puebla, Jalisco, Durango, Tlaxcala, Estado de México, Veracruz and Michoacán.[14]

It can be found in wet areas such as ponds and swamps.[4]

Ecology

Extremely frequent as an emergent plant, broadleaf arrowhead forms dense colonies on very wet soils that become more open as the species mixes with other species of deeper water levels. These colonies form long bands following the curves of rivers, ponds and lakes, well-marked by the dark green color of the leaves. The plant has strong roots and can survive through wide variations of the water level, slow currents and waves. It displays an affinity for high levels of phosphates and hard waters.

Despite the name "duck potato", ducks rarely consume the tubers, which are usually buried too deep for them to reach, although they often eat the seeds. Beavers, North American Porcupines, and muskrats eat the whole plant, tubers included. Native Americans are alleged to have opened muskrat houses to obtain their collection of roots.[15]

This plant is vulnerable to aphids and spider mites.

Cultivation

This plant is easily cultivated in 0.15 to 0.45 m (6 to 17+12 in) of water with no or little current. The tubers are planted well spaced (no more than 12 plants per square meter) at the end of May at a depth of 5 to 7 cm (2 to 3 in). Fertilize with decomposed manure. They can be multiplied through seeding or division in July. The starchy tubers, produced by rhizomes beneath the wet ground surface, have long been an important food source to the indigenous peoples of the Americas, along with those of S. cuneata.[15] The tubers can be detached from the ground in various ways: with the feet, a pitchfork, or a stick, and after digging up, the tubers usually float to the surface. Ripe tubers can be collected in the autumn, and are also often found then floating freely.[16]

Uses

The starchy tubers were consumed by Native Americans[4] in the lower Columbia River basin,[17][1] in addition to the Omaha[18] and Cherokee nations.[17] The tubers can be eaten raw or cooked for 15 to 20 minutes. The taste is similar to potatoes and chestnuts, and they can be prepared in the same fashions: roasting, frying, boiling, and so on. They can also be sliced and dried to prepare a flour.[19]

Other edible parts include late summer buds and fruits.

Culture

The name of Shubenacadie, a community located in central Nova Scotia, Canada, means "abounding in ground nuts" (i.e., broadleaf arrowhead) in the Mi'kmaq language.

References

  1. ^ a b Justice, William S.; Bell, C. Ritchie; Lindsey, Anne H. (2005). Wild Flowers of North Carolina (2. printing. ed.). Chapel Hill, NC: Univ. of North Carolina Press. p. 255. ISBN 0807855979.
  2. ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Sagittaria latifolia". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 26 October 2015.
  3. ^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  4. ^ a b c d e Spellenberg, Richard (2001) [1979]. National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Wildflowers: Western Region (rev ed.). Knopf. p. 335. ISBN 978-0-375-40233-3.
  5. ^ CONABIO. 2009. Catálogo taxonómico de especies de México. 1. In Capital Nat. México. CONABIO, Mexico City.
  6. ^ Godfrey, R. K. & J. W. Wooten. 1979. Aquatic and Wetland Plants of Southeastern United States Monocotyledons 1–712. The University of Georgia Press, Athens.
  7. ^ Haynes, R. R. 1993. Alismataceae. 13: 7–20. In R. McVaugh (ed.) Flora Novo-Galiciana. The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
  8. ^ Hickman, J. C. 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California 1–1400. University of California Press, Berkeley.
  9. ^ Long, R. W. & O. K. Lakela. 1971. Flora of Tropical Florida i–xvii, 1–962. University of Miami Press, Coral Cables.
  10. ^ Moss, E. H. 1983. Flora of Alberta (ed. 2) i–xii, 1–687. University of Toronto Press, Toronto.
  11. ^ Radford, A. E., H. E. Ahles & C. R. Bell. 1968. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas i–lxi, 1–1183. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
  12. ^ Voss, E. G. 1972. Gymnosperms and Monocots. i–xv, 1–488. In Michigan Flora. Cranbrook Institute of Science, Bloomfield Hills, Michigan.
  13. ^ "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew". apps.kew.org. Retrieved 2017-01-30.
  14. ^ Zepeda Gómez, Carmen, Lot, Antonio. Distribución y uso tradicional de Sagittaria macrophylla Zucc. y S. latifolia Willd. en el Estado de MéxicoCiencia Ergo Sum [online] 2005, 12
  15. ^ a b Niering, William A.; Olmstead, Nancy C. (1985) [1979]. The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Wildflowers, Eastern Region. Knopf. p. 318. ISBN 0-394-50432-1.
  16. ^ "58518-1". IPNI. 2004-07-14. Retrieved 2007-07-21. Alismataceae Sagittaria latifolia Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. 409.
  17. ^ a b Freedman, Robert Louis (1976). "Native North American Food Preparation Techniques". Boletín Bibliográfico de Antropología Americana (1973-1979). Pan American Institute of Geography and History. 38 (47): 127. JSTOR 43996285., s.v. Swamp Potato (wappato) Oregon
  18. ^ "Native American Ethnobotany Database". Botanical Research Institute of Texas. Retrieved 2021-12-09.
  19. ^ "Sagittaria latifolia - Willd. Duck Potato". Edible and medicinal plant database. Plants For A Future. June 2004. Retrieved 2007-07-20. Excellent when roasted, the texture is somewhat like potatoes with a taste like sweet chestnuts
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Sagittaria latifolia: Brief Summary ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

Sagittaria latifolia is a plant found in shallow wetlands and is sometimes known as broadleaf arrowhead, duck-potato, Indian potato, katniss, or wapato. This plant produces edible tubers that have traditionally been extensively used by Native Americans.

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Larĝfolia sagitario ( Esperanto )

fornecido por wikipedia EO

Larĝfolia sagitario (latine Sagittaria latifolia), estas specio de sagitario kiu kreskas en marĉaj ĉirkaŭaĵoj. Ĝi produktas manĝeblajn tuberojn. La planto estas endemia en Nord-Ameriko kaj tie nomiĝas "Wapato", "wapatoo" aŭ "indian potato" (indiana terpomo). Ĝi estis grandskale uzata de usonaj indianoj kiel nutraĵo.

Nutra valoro

100 gramoj da tuberoj de larĝfolia sagitario enhavas:

(Fonto: USDA Food Composition Databases)

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Larĝfolia sagitario: Brief Summary ( Esperanto )

fornecido por wikipedia EO

Larĝfolia sagitario (latine Sagittaria latifolia), estas specio de sagitario kiu kreskas en marĉaj ĉirkaŭaĵoj. Ĝi produktas manĝeblajn tuberojn. La planto estas endemia en Nord-Ameriko kaj tie nomiĝas "Wapato", "wapatoo" aŭ "indian potato" (indiana terpomo). Ĝi estis grandskale uzata de usonaj indianoj kiel nutraĵo.

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original
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wikipedia EO

Sagittaire latifoliée ( Francês )

fornecido por wikipedia FR

Sagittaria latifolia

Sagittaria latifolia, la sagittaire à larges feuilles, est une espèce de plante herbacée de la famille des Alismatacées. C'est une plante originaire d'Amérique qui affectionne les milieux très humides. On l'observe couramment le long des lacs et des rivières.[1] La plante produit des tubercules comestibles.

Caractéristiques

La sagittaire latifoliée est une plante de 15 à 100 cm de haut, totalement ou partiellement émergée. La forme des feuilles est variable et elles sont le plus souvent sagittées. L'inflorescence est une grappe simple ou composée se dressant au-dessus du feuillage. D'un blanc pur, les fleurs au bas de l'inflorescence sont pistillées, alors que celles du haut sont staminées. Elles sont souvent regroupées en verticilles. Le fruit est un akène ailé et muni d'un petit bec latéral[2].

Utilisation alimentaires

Selon l'ethnobotaniste François Couplan (2009), les rhizomes de Sagittaria latifolia forment à leurs extrémités des tubercules mangeables crûs, mais meilleurs cuits. Les tubercules de cette espèce comptent, parmi ceux des sagittaires, parmi les plus gros[3].

Connue aux États-Unis sous les noms de wapato, wapatoo ou encore indian potato (pomme de terre indienne), ces tubercules sont un aliment qui fut largement utilisé par les peuples amérindiens du Nord pour leur alimentation[4].

Une fois cuit, ils pouvaient être coupés en tranches mises à sécher puis ainsi conservés, avant d’être éventuellement moulus en farine. Après les avoir récolté, les indiens pouvaient aussi les écraser en les mélangeant à de l’eau, puis en filtrant ce mélange ils séparaient les fibres du jus, et par décantation, ils récupéraient une fécule que l’on pouvait alors cuisiner en bouillies, consommer crue ou faire sécher pour la conserver[3].

Ces tubercules sont plus ou moins gros et nutritifs selon l'âge de la plante, mais aussi selon le moment de la récolte, qui doit idéalement être faite entre l’automne et le printemps[3]. Outre le tubercule, les jeunes pousses étaient aussi consommées[3].

Voir aussi

Notes et références

  1. « Sagittaria latifolia - Base de données des plantes vasculaires du Canada (VASCAN) », sur data.canadensys.net (consulté le 19 novembre 2019)
  2. Marie-Victorin, frère, F.É.C., 1885-1944. et Goulet, Isabelle, 1967-, Flore laurentienne, Presses de l'Université de Montréal, 1995 (ISBN 2760616509 et 9782760616509, OCLC , lire en ligne)
  3. a b c et d Couplan, François (2009) Le régal végétal : plantes sauvages comestibles ; Editions Ellebore, 527 pages
  4. (en) Tanja Hoffmann, Natasha Lyons, Debbie Miller et Alejandra Diaz, « Engineered feature used to enhance gardening at a 3800-year-old site on the Pacific Northwest Coast », Science Advances, vol. 2, no 12,‎ 1er décembre 2016, e1601282 (ISSN , DOI , lire en ligne, consulté le 22 décembre 2016)
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wikipedia FR

Sagittaire latifoliée: Brief Summary ( Francês )

fornecido por wikipedia FR

Sagittaria latifolia

Sagittaria latifolia, la sagittaire à larges feuilles, est une espèce de plante herbacée de la famille des Alismatacées. C'est une plante originaire d'Amérique qui affectionne les milieux très humides. On l'observe couramment le long des lacs et des rivières. La plante produit des tubercules comestibles.

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Auteurs et éditeurs de Wikipedia
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia FR

Sagittaria latifolia ( Vietnamita )

fornecido por wikipedia VI
Arrowhead, rawGiá trị dinh dưỡng cho mỗi 100 g (3,5 oz)Năng lượng414 kJ (99 kcal)
20.23 g
0.29 g
5.33 g
VitaminThiamine (B1)
(15%)
0.17 mgRiboflavin (B2)
(6%)
0.073 mgNiacin (B3)
(11%)
1.65 mgPantothenic acid (B5)
(12%)
0.599 mgVitamin B6
(20%)
0.26 mgFolate (B9)
(4%)
14 μgVitamin C
(1%)
1.1 mg Chất khoángCanxi
(1%)
10 mgSắt
(20%)
2.57 mgMagiê
(14%)
51 mgMangan
(17%)
0.36 mgPhốt pho
(25%)
174 mgKali
(20%)
922 mgNatri
(1%)
22 mgKẽm
(3%)
0.28 mg
Tỷ lệ phần trăm xấp xỉ gần đúng sử dụng lượng hấp thụ thực phẩm tham chiếu (Khuyến cáo của Hoa Kỳ) cho người trưởng thành.
Nguồn: CSDL Dinh dưỡng của USDA

Sagittaria latifolia là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Alismataceae. Loài này được Willd. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1805.[2] Tên trong tiếng Anh gồm có broadleaf arrowhead (đầu mũi tên lá rộng), duck-potato (khoai tây vịt),[3] Indian potato (Khoai tây Anh Điêng), hay wapato. Loại cây này có phần thân củ ăn được được người Mỹ bản địa dùng làm thực phẩm phổ biến.[1]

Thân của có thể ăn sống hoặc nấu chính từ 15-20 phút. Vị của củ giống như khoai tâyhạt dẻ và có thể chế biến dưới dạng nướng, chiên, luộc...Củ có thể phơi khô nghiền thành bột.[4] Sagittaria latifolia là loài bản địa nam Canada và phần lớn Hoa Kỳ lục địa cũng như Mexico, Trung Mỹ, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, và Cuba. Loài này cũng được trồng ở Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Bhutan, Australia and much of Europe (Pháp, Tây Ban Nha, Italy, Romania, Đức, Thụy Sĩ, Cộng hòa Séc, và Nga thuộc châu Âu. Nó bị xem là một cỏ dại xâm lấn ở những nơi này.[5] Tại Mexico, loài này được ghi nhận ở Campeche, Nayarit, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Puebla, Jalisco, Durango, Tlaxcala, Estado de México, VeracruzMichoacán.[6]

Chú thích

  1. ^ a ă Justice, William S.; Bell, C. Ritchie; Lindsey, Anne H. (2005). Wild Flowers of North Carolina . Chapel Hill, NC: Univ. of North Carolina Press. tr. 255. ISBN 0807855979.
  2. ^ The Plant List (2010). Sagittaria latifolia. Truy cập ngày 16 tháng 7 năm 2013.
  3. ^ “BSBI List 2007” (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Truy cập ngày 17 tháng 10 năm 2014.
  4. ^ Sagittaria latifolia - Willd. Duck Potato”. Edible and medicinal plant database. Plants For A Future. Tháng 6 năm 2004. Truy cập ngày 20 tháng 7 năm 2007. Excellent when roasted, the texture is somewhat like potatoes with a taste like sweet chestnuts
  5. ^ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Sagittaria latifolia
  6. ^ Zepeda Gómez, Carmen, Lot, Antonio. Distribución y uso tradicional de Sagittaria macrophylla Zucc. y S. latifolia Willd. en el Estado de MéxicoCiencia Ergo Sum [online] 2005, 12 (noviembre-febrero): [Date of reference: 18 / abril / 2014] Available in:<http://redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=10412308> ISSN 1405-0269

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Sagittaria latifolia: Brief Summary ( Vietnamita )

fornecido por wikipedia VI

Sagittaria latifolia là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Alismataceae. Loài này được Willd. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1805. Tên trong tiếng Anh gồm có broadleaf arrowhead (đầu mũi tên lá rộng), duck-potato (khoai tây vịt), Indian potato (Khoai tây Anh Điêng), hay wapato. Loại cây này có phần thân củ ăn được được người Mỹ bản địa dùng làm thực phẩm phổ biến.

Thân của có thể ăn sống hoặc nấu chính từ 15-20 phút. Vị của củ giống như khoai tâyhạt dẻ và có thể chế biến dưới dạng nướng, chiên, luộc...Củ có thể phơi khô nghiền thành bột. Sagittaria latifolia là loài bản địa nam Canada và phần lớn Hoa Kỳ lục địa cũng như Mexico, Trung Mỹ, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, và Cuba. Loài này cũng được trồng ở Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Bhutan, Australia and much of Europe (Pháp, Tây Ban Nha, Italy, Romania, Đức, Thụy Sĩ, Cộng hòa Séc, và Nga thuộc châu Âu. Nó bị xem là một cỏ dại xâm lấn ở những nơi này. Tại Mexico, loài này được ghi nhận ở Campeche, Nayarit, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Puebla, Jalisco, Durango, Tlaxcala, Estado de México, VeracruzMichoacán.

licença
cc-by-sa-3.0
direitos autorais
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
original
visite a fonte
site do parceiro
wikipedia VI