dcsimg

Sensa tìtol ( Anglèis )

fornì da Animal Diversity Web

Very little is known about this rarely sighted whale. As of 1996, Tasmacetus shepherdi have been seen alive on only two occasions. Only around 10 beached specimens have ever been examined. The species was first described and named in 1937 and is the sole member of its genus. T. shepherdi is regarded as the most primitive ziphiid whale (Evans 1987, Harrison and Bryden 1988, Tinker 1988, Laughlin 1996).

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Mundinger, G. 2000. "Tasmacetus shepherdi" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Tasmacetus_shepherdi.html
autor
Gerhard Mundinger, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
autor
Phil Myers, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor

Morphology ( Anglèis )

fornì da Animal Diversity Web

The body of these whales is around 6-7 meters in length. The head is small with a long, narrow beak. The dorsal fin is small and is located 1/3 of the body length from the tail. The tail fluke is not notched, and the flippers are small and oval in shape. The back is uniform grayish-brown in color, fading to nearly white on the underbelly. Since very few of these whales have been seen while alive and body colors quickly darken following death, the true coloration of Tasmacetus shepherdi is not known (Evans 1987, Tinker 1988).

Shepherd's beaked whale can be easily distinguished from other members of the family Ziphiidae by the presence of 17-29 conical teeth in both the upper and lower jaw. Males possess two additional teeth on the anterior most part of the lower jaw. These teeth, described as possessing "bulbous bases and conical crowns", are larger than the homodont cheek teeth, and are separated from the cheek teeth by a 4 cm diastema. One tooth sits on either side of the mandibular symphysis (Walker 1975, Evans 1987, Tinker 1988).

The blowhole is crescent in shape and is asymmetrically located on the left side of the top of the head. The eye sits directly below the blowhole. The first five vertebrae are fused and the first through seventh pairs of ribs possess two heads (Evans 1987, Tinker 1988).

Range mass: 5600 to 6500 kg.

Range length: 6 to 7 m.

Other Physical Features: endothermic ; bilateral symmetry

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Mundinger, G. 2000. "Tasmacetus shepherdi" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Tasmacetus_shepherdi.html
autor
Gerhard Mundinger, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
autor
Phil Myers, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor

Habitat ( Anglèis )

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Based on stomach contents and locations where Tasmacetus shepherdi have washed ashore, this species is likely benthic and inhabits temperate waters of the southern hemisphere (Evans 1987, Tinker 1988).

Aquatic Biomes: benthic

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Mundinger, G. 2000. "Tasmacetus shepherdi" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Tasmacetus_shepherdi.html
autor
Gerhard Mundinger, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
autor
Phil Myers, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor

Distribution ( Anglèis )

fornì da Animal Diversity Web

Although the geographic range of this species is not clearly known, Tasmacetus shepherdi (Shepherd's beaked whale, Tasman whale) probably has a circumpolar distribution in temperate waters of the southern hemisphere. All known specimens have been found on beaches in New Zealand, Australia, Brazil, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina, Chile, and the Galapagos Islands (Evans 1987, Tinker 1988).

Biogeographic Regions: indian ocean (Native ); atlantic ocean (Native ); pacific ocean (Native )

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Mundinger, G. 2000. "Tasmacetus shepherdi" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Tasmacetus_shepherdi.html
autor
Gerhard Mundinger, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
autor
Phil Myers, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor

Trophic Strategy ( Anglèis )

fornì da Animal Diversity Web

These whales eat squid and various fishes. Many of these fishes are benthic, suggesting that Tasmacetus shepherdi feeds at or near the sea floor (Tinker 1988).

Animal Foods: fish; mollusks

Primary Diet: carnivore (Molluscivore )

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Mundinger, G. 2000. "Tasmacetus shepherdi" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Tasmacetus_shepherdi.html
autor
Gerhard Mundinger, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
autor
Phil Myers, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor

Benefits ( Anglèis )

fornì da Animal Diversity Web

Tasmacetus shepherdi is not economically important.

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Mundinger, G. 2000. "Tasmacetus shepherdi" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Tasmacetus_shepherdi.html
autor
Gerhard Mundinger, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
autor
Phil Myers, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor

Benefits ( Anglèis )

fornì da Animal Diversity Web

none

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Mundinger, G. 2000. "Tasmacetus shepherdi" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Tasmacetus_shepherdi.html
autor
Gerhard Mundinger, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
autor
Phil Myers, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor

Conservation Status ( Anglèis )

fornì da Animal Diversity Web

The IUCN lists Tasmacetus shepherdi under the "insufficiently known" category (Simmonds and Hutchinson 1996).

US Federal List: no special status

CITES: no special status

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: data deficient

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sitassion bibliogràfica
Mundinger, G. 2000. "Tasmacetus shepherdi" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Tasmacetus_shepherdi.html
autor
Gerhard Mundinger, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
autor
Phil Myers, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor

Behavior ( Anglèis )

fornì da Animal Diversity Web

Perception Channels: tactile ; chemical

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Mundinger, G. 2000. "Tasmacetus shepherdi" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Tasmacetus_shepherdi.html
autor
Gerhard Mundinger, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
autor
Phil Myers, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor

Reproduction ( Anglèis )

fornì da Animal Diversity Web

Nothing is currently known about the reproduction of this species.

Key Reproductive Features: gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual

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Mundinger, G. 2000. "Tasmacetus shepherdi" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Tasmacetus_shepherdi.html
autor
Gerhard Mundinger, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
autor
Phil Myers, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor

Diagnostic Description ( Anglèis )

fornì da FAO species catalogs
Similar in body shape to the species of Mesoplodon described below, Shepherd's beaked whales have a long pointed beak, distinct from the relatively steep forehead. There is a shallow pair of throat creases. The flippers are small and rounded, and the dorsal fin, set far back, is short and falcate. Generally, the notch between the flukes (characteristic of most cetaceans) is absent. Although all the descriptions are based on partially decomposed specimens, the colour pattern appears to be largely countershaded, dark grey above and lighter below. There are often several dark diagonal bands on the sides. Unique to beaked whales, this species has a mouthful of sharp functional teeth. There are 17 to 21 per row in the upper jaw, and 17 to 29 in the lower. At the tip of the lower jaw is a pair of typical beaked whale tusks, which erupt only in adult males. Can be confused with: Shepherd's beaked whales can be confused with other beaked whales, especially Mesoplodon. However, they appear to be somewhat larger than most species of Mesoplodon, and have a more steeply rising forehead.
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Marine mammals of the world. Jefferson, T.A., S. Leatherwood & M.A. Webber - 1993. FAO species identification guide. Rome, FAO. 320 p. 587 figs. . 
autor
Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN

Benefits ( Anglèis )

fornì da FAO species catalogs
No records of human exploitation exist. IUCN: Insufficiently known.
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sitassion bibliogràfica
Marine mammals of the world. Jefferson, T.A., S. Leatherwood & M.A. Webber - 1993. FAO species identification guide. Rome, FAO. 320 p. 587 figs. . 
autor
Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN

Brief Summary ( Anglèis )

fornì da FAO species catalogs
Very little is known of the natural history of this species. All of the confirmed records are at least partially decomposed strandings. There are only 2 possible sighting records.They are known to feed on several species of fish, possibly near the bottom in deep waters.
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sitassion bibliogràfica
Marine mammals of the world. Jefferson, T.A., S. Leatherwood & M.A. Webber - 1993. FAO species identification guide. Rome, FAO. 320 p. 587 figs. . 
autor
Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN

Size ( Anglèis )

fornì da FAO species catalogs
Lengths of 6.6 m (female) and 6.1 to 7 m (males) have been reported. Length at birth is unknown, but is presumed to be around 3 m.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
sitassion bibliogràfica
Marine mammals of the world. Jefferson, T.A., S. Leatherwood & M.A. Webber - 1993. FAO species identification guide. Rome, FAO. 320 p. 587 figs. . 
autor
Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN

Distribution ( Spagneul; Castilian )

fornì da IABIN
Chile Central
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Universidad de Santiago de Chile
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Pablo Gutierrez
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Zífid becut de Shepherd ( Catalan; Valensian )

fornì da wikipedia CA

El zífid becut de Shepherd (Tasmacetus shepherdi), descrit per primera vegada el 1937, és el cetaci més primitiu de la família dels zífids i l'únic representant del seu gènere.[1][2]

Descripció

  • El mascle fa 7 m de llargària corporal màxima i la femella 6,6.
  • Cap petit amb una mena de bec llarg i estret.
  • Aleta dorsal petita.
  • Dors marró grisenc.
  • Es distingeix dels altres zífids per la presència de 17-29 dents còniques, tant al maxil·lar superior com a l'inferior. A més, els mascles posseeixen dues dents addicionals a la part anterior de la mandíbula inferior.
  • L'espiracle està situat al costat esquerre de la part superior del cap i els ulls just per sota de l'espiracle.
  • Presenta les cinc primeres vèrtebres fusionades.[2][3][4][5]

Alimentació

Menja diverses espècies de peixos (sobretot, Zoarces viviparus), calamars i crancs, la qual cosa és una mica inusual, ja que la majoria dels zífids s'alimenten gairebé exclusivament de cefalòpodes.[6]

Reproducció

Res no se sap actualment sobre la reproducció d'aquesta espècie.[7]

Hàbitat

Habita principalment lluny de la costa, tot i que també, on la plataforma continental és estreta, és capaç d'ocupar les aigües fondes costaneres.[6]

Distribució geogràfica

Aquesta espècie és coneguda a partir d'una dotzena d'avaraments (tots al sud de la latitud 30°S) al voltant de Nova Zelanda (incloent-hi l'illa del Nord, l'illa del Sud i les illes Chatham),[8] el sud d'Austràlia, les illes Galápagos, Sud-àfrica, el sud de Sud-amèrica (l'Argentina i Xile),[9] Brasil i els arxipèlags Juan Fernández (Xile) i Tristan da Cunha.[10][11] Hom creu que té una distribució circumpolar a les aigües de l'hemisferi sud[12][12][13][14]

Població

Sembla ésser una espècie relativament poc freqüent, no n'hi ha estimacions de la seua abundància i res no se'n sap sobre les subpoblacions.[6]

Amenaces

Igual que amb la majoria dels altres zífids, aquesta espècie no ha estat mai caçada i pel que fa a les seues principals amenaces actuals no són prou ben conegudes. Tot i així, hi ha proves d'individus encallats i morts a causa d'haver-se empassat objectes de plàstic.[15] A més, hom creu que és vulnerable als sons forts d'origen antropogènic (com ara, els generats pels vaixells de guerra i els sonars d'exploració sísmica)[16][17][18] i als canvis produïts per l'escalfament global.[19][20]

Referències

  1. Harrison, R., M. Bryden, 1988. Whales, Dolphins, and Porpoises. Nova York: Facts on File Publications.
  2. 2,0 2,1 Evans, P., 1987. The Natural History of Whales and Dolphins. Nova York: Facts on File Publications.
  3. Tinker, W., 1988. Whales of the World. Nova York: E. J. Brill.
  4. Walker, E., 1975. Mammals of the World. Baltimore, Maryland: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
  5. ZipCodeZoo (anglès)
  6. 6,0 6,1 6,2 UICN (anglès)
  7. Animal Diversity Web (anglès)
  8. Gordon, D. (Ed.), 2009. New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Vol. One: Kingdom Animalia. 584 pp.
  9. Muñoz-Pedreros A & J Yáñez, 2000. Mamíferos de Chile. CEA Ediciones, Xile. 463 p.
  10. Mead, J. G., 1989. Shepherd's beaked whale Tasmacetus shepherdi (Olivier, 1937). A: S. H. Ridgway i R. Harrison (eds). Handbook of marine mammals, vol. 4: River dolphins and the larger toothed whales, pàgs. 309-320. Academic Press.
  11. Pitman, R. L., Van Helden, A. L., Best, P. B. i Pym, A., 2006. Shepherd's beaked whale (Tasmacetus shepherdi): Information on appearance and biology based on strandings and at-sea observations. Marine Mammal Science 22(3): 744-755.
  12. 12,0 12,1 Macleod, C. D., Perrin, W. F., Pitman, R. L., Barlow, J., Balance, L., D'amico, A., Gerrodette, T., Joyce, G., Mullin, K. D., Palka, D. L. i Waring, G. T., 2006. Known and inferred distributions of beaked whale species (Ziphiidae: Cetacea). Journal of Cetacean Research and Management 7(3): 271-286.
  13. Laughlin, C., 1996. Probable Sighting of Tasmacetus Shepherdi in the South Atlantic. Marine Mammal Science, 12(3): 496-497.
  14. GBIF (anglès)
  15. Scott, M. D., Hohn, A. A., Westgate, A. J., Nicolas, J. R., Whitaker, B. R. i Campbell, W. B., 2001. A note on the release and tracking of a rehabilitated pygmy sperm whale (Kogia breviceps). Journal of Cetacean Research and Management 3(1): 87-94.
  16. Fernández, A., Edwards, J. F., Rodriguez, F., Espinosa, A., De Los Monteros, Herraez, P., Castro, P., Jaber, J. R., Martin, V. i Arebelo, M., 2005. "Gas and fat embolic syndrome" involving a mass stranding of beaked whales (family Ziphiidae) exposed to anthropogenic sonar signals. Veterinary Pathology 42: 446-457.
  17. Balcomb, K. C. i Claridge, D. E., 2001. A mass stranding of cetaceans caused by naval sonar in the Bahamas. Bahamas Journal of Science 8(2): 2-12.
  18. Cox, T. M., Ragen, T. J., Read, A. J., Vos, E., Baird, R. W., Balcomb, K., Barlow, J., Caldwell, J., Cranford, T., Crum, L., D'Amico, A., D'Spain, A., Fernández, J., Finneran, J., Gentry, R., Gerth, W., Gulland, F., Hildebrand, J., Houser, D., Hullar, T., Jepson, P. D., Ketten, D., Macleod, C. D., Miller, P., Moore, S., Mountain, D., Palka, D., Ponganis, P., Rommel, S., Rowles, T., Taylor, B., Tyack, P., Wartzok, D., Gisiner, R., Mead, J. i Benner, L., 2006. Understanding the impacts of anthropogenic sound on beaked whales. Journal of Cetacean Research and Management 7(3): 177-187.
  19. Learmonth, J. A., Macleod, C. D., Santos, M. B., Pierce, G. J., Crick, H. Q. P. i Robinson, R. A., 2006. Potential effects of climate change on marine mammals. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review 44: 431-464.
  20. Malakoff, D., 2002. Suit ties whale deaths to research cruise. Science 298: 722-723.


Bibliografia

  • Corbet, G.B. & Hill, J.E., 1991. A World List of Mammalian Species, Third edition. Natural History Museum Publications & Oxford University Press. Londres i Oxford: v-viii, 1-243.
  • Gomercic, H., Gomercic, M. D., Gomericic, T., Lucic, H., Dalebout, M., Galov, A., Skrtic, D., Curkovic, S., Vukovic, S. i Huber, D., 2006. Biological aspects of Cuvier's beaked whale (Ziphius cavirostris) recorded in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea. European Journal of Wildlife Research 52(3): 182-187.
  • Jepson, P. D., Arebelo, M., Deaville, R., Patterson, I. A. P., Castro, P., Baker, J. R., Degollada, E., Ross, H. M., Herraez, P., Pocknell, A. M., Rodriguez, F., Howie, F. E., Espinosa, A., Reid, R. J., Jaber, J. R., Martin, V., Cunningham, A. A. and Fernandez, A., 2003. Gas-bubble lesions in stranded cetaceans. Nature 425: 575-576.
  • Mead, J.G. & Brownell Jr., R.L., 1993. Order Cetacea. A: Wilson, D.E. & Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World, Second Edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington DC i Londres: 349-364.
  • Reeves, R., Stewart, B., Clapham, P. & Powell, J., 2003. Guide to Marine Mammals of the World. Nova York: A.A. Knopf. pàgs. 318–321. ISBN 0375411410.
  • Shirihai, H. i Jarrett, B., 2006. Whales, Dolphins and Other Marine Mammals of the World. Princeton Field Guides. pàgs. 43–45. ISBN 978-0-69112-757-6.
  • Simmonds, M., J. Hutchinson, 1996. The Conservation of Whales and Dolphins. Nova York: John Wiley and Sons.
  • Wang, J. Y. i Yang, S. C., 2006. Unusual cetacean stranding events of Taiwan in 2004 and 2005. Journal of Cetacean Research and Management 8: 283-292.


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Zífid becut de Shepherd: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valensian )

fornì da wikipedia CA

El zífid becut de Shepherd (Tasmacetus shepherdi), descrit per primera vegada el 1937, és el cetaci més primitiu de la família dels zífids i l'únic representant del seu gènere.

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Mangetandet næbhval ( Danèis )

fornì da wikipedia DA

Den mangetandede næbhval eller tasmansk næbhval (Tasmacetus shepherdi) er en hvalart i familien af næbhvaler. Det er den eneste art indenfor slægten Tasmacetus. Den bliver 6-7 m lang og vejer 2-3 t.

Referencer

  1. ^ Taylor, B.L., Baird, R., Barlow, J., Dawson, S.M., Ford, J., Mead, J.G., Notarbartolo di Sciara, G., Wade, P. & Pitman, R.L. (2008). Tasmacetus shepherdi. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2008. Hentet den 24. marts 2009.
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Mangetandet næbhval: Brief Summary ( Danèis )

fornì da wikipedia DA

Den mangetandede næbhval eller tasmansk næbhval (Tasmacetus shepherdi) er en hvalart i familien af næbhvaler. Det er den eneste art indenfor slægten Tasmacetus. Den bliver 6-7 m lang og vejer 2-3 t.

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Shepherd-Wal ( Alman )

fornì da wikipedia DE

Der Shepherd-Wal (Tasmacetus shepherdi) ist eine Walart aus der Familie der Schnabelwale (Ziphiidae). Die Art erhielt ihren Namen zu Ehren von George Shepherd, der 1933 das erste gestrandete Exemplar in Neuseeland untersuchte.

Verbreitung

Es ist eine seltene Art, die bislang nur von 28 Strandungen bekannt ist, die meisten davon in Neuseeland. Weitere tote Exemplare wurden in Argentinien, Australien und dem Juan-Fernández-Archipel gefunden. Man vermutet deshalb, dass der Shepherd-Wal zirkumpolar in den Gewässern der Südhalbkugel verbreitet ist. Unbestätigte Sichtungen lebender Exemplare gab es im südwestlichen Atlantik und West-Pazifik. Im Februar 2012 gelang es Forschern das erste Mal eine Gruppe auf dem offenen Meer zu filmen.[1]

Merkmale

Shepherd-Wale unterscheiden sich von allen anderen Schnabelwalarten durch ihr vollständiges Gebiss, sodass die Art als urtümlichster Vertreter ihrer Familie betrachtet wird. Bei den Männchen ist das vordere Zahnpaar im Unterkiefer verlängert. Shepherd-Wale erreichen eine Länge von sechs bis sieben Metern und ein Gewicht von bis zu 6,5 Tonnen. Sie haben eine lange Schnauze und eine leicht gewölbte Stirn, die Flipper und die Finne sind relativ klein. Die Haut der Tiere ist an der Oberseite graubraun und an der Unterseite heller, fast weißlich gefärbt.

Lebensweise

Als Fischfresser unterscheidet sich diese Walart von den anderen Schnabelwalen, die sich vorwiegend von Tintenfischen ernähren. Aus der Tatsache, dass seine Beute vorwiegend aus bodenbewohnenden Fischen der offenen Meere besteht, und aufgrund der seltenen Sichtungen schließt man, dass der Shepherd-Wal vorwiegend auf hoher See lebt und gut tauchen kann. Über Verhalten und Fortpflanzung der Tiere ist nichts bekannt.

Es gibt keine Schätzungen über die Gesamtpopulation der Spezies, auch wurde sie nie kommerziell bejagt. Dass fast keine Sichtungen bekannt sind, kann auf ihre Scheu, ihre Seltenheit oder auf beide Faktoren gleichzeitig hindeuten.

Einzelnachweise

  1. Spiegel Online: Forscher filmen erstmals seltene Shepherd-Wale. In: Spiegel online. 23. Februar 2012, abgerufen am 23. Februar 2012.
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Shepherd-Wal: Brief Summary ( Alman )

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Der Shepherd-Wal (Tasmacetus shepherdi) ist eine Walart aus der Familie der Schnabelwale (Ziphiidae). Die Art erhielt ihren Namen zu Ehren von George Shepherd, der 1933 das erste gestrandete Exemplar in Neuseeland untersuchte.

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Shepherd's beaked whale ( Anglèis )

fornì da wikipedia EN

Shepherd's beaked whale (Tasmacetus shepherdi), also commonly called Tasman's beaked whale or simply the Tasman whale, is a cetacean of the family Ziphiidae and the only species in the genus Tasmacetus. The whale has not been studied extensively. Only four confirmed at sea sightings have been made and 42 strandings recorded (as of 2006). It was first known to science in 1937, being named by W. R. B. Oliver after George Shepherd, curator of the Wanganui Museum, who collected the type specimen near Ohawe on the south Taranaki coast of New Zealand's North Island, in 1933.[3][4]

Description

Adults can reach lengths of 6 metres (20 ft) to 7.1 metres (23 ft) and weigh about 2.32 to 3.48 tons. At birth they may be about 3 metres (9.8 ft) long. They are robust and large-bodied for beaked whales, having a bluff melon and a long, dolphin-like beak.[5] It is the only species of ziphiid with a full set of functional teeth (17 to 27 pairs in both the upper and lower jaws).[4] Adult males also have a pair of tusks at the tip of the lower jaw. They are dark brown dorsally and cream-colored ventrally, with a pale band extending up from the flipper and another pale area extending as a swathe on the posterior flank. The tall, falcate dorsal fin is set about two-thirds the way along the back.[5]

Population and distribution

Sightings and stranding records indicate that the species has a circumpolar distribution in southern hemisphere.[6] No population estimates exist for Shepherd's beaked whale. As of 2006, there have been about 42 stranding records of the species from New Zealand (including the Chatham Islands, 24), Argentina (7), Tristan da Cunha (6), Australia (3), and the Juan Fernández Islands (2). The northernmost record was at Shark Bay in Western Australia in 2008.[7] There have been five unconfirmed sightings (mostly from New Zealand), as well as a "probable" sighting near Shag Rocks and four confirmed sightings—the first two confirmed sightings occurred in 1985, within a few minutes of each other, off the Tristan da Cunha group (first sighting at ); the third in 2002 near Gough Island (); and the fourth in 2004 south of Tasmania ().[8] In January 2012, a group of up to a dozen of this species were photographed and filmed by the Australian Antarctic Division south of Portland, Victoria.[9]

Multiple sightings of the species have been reported from Otago submarine canyons off Otago coast, New Zealand. Sightings have been recorded throughout the year with vocalization recordings, suggesting regular presences there.[10] These include at least two sightings in 2016 which were the first confirmed sightings within New Zealand waters,[11] followed by four sightings in 2017,[12][13] one or more sighting(s) in 2018,[14][15] one sighting in 2019,[16] four or five sightings in 2021,[17][18][19][20][21] five sightings in 2022 including a pod of 15-20 animals.[10][22][23][24]

There have been additional sightings from other parts of New Zealand, such as off Gisborne,[25] several sightings off Kaikoura,[26][27][28] off Fiordland,[29] Taranaki,[30] and so on.

Behaviour

Four of the confirmed sightings of this species involved three to six individuals (one group included a calf) in waters from 350 metres (1,150 ft) to 3,600 metres (11,800 ft) deep, while a 2012 sighting involved as many as ten to twelve individuals. The animals surfaced several times, before arching to dive. Some were observed to come to the surface at a steep angle like many other ziphiids, raising their head and beaks out of the water.[8] The Shepherd's beaked whale's blow could be observed with the naked eye at a distance of up to 1,000 metres, within a bushy plume that is relatively tall for a ziphiid varying from 1 to 2 metres in height [31]

The species is seldom seen because of its deep, offshore distribution in waters where sighting conditions can be difficult (the "Roaring Forties" and "Furious Fifties").[8]

Research done on a stranded individual's stomach has indicated that Shepherd's beaked whales eat both fish and squid, as opposed to most beaked whales which only eat cephalopods.[32]

Conservation

There are no reports of this species being hunted or killed accidentally by humans. Shepherd's beaked whale is covered by the Memorandum of Understanding for the Conservation of Cetaceans and Their Habitats in the Pacific Islands Region (Pacific Cetaceans MOU).[33]

Taxonomy

Its nearest relative, the only other living member of the subfamily Ziphiinae, is Cuvier's beaked whale (Ziphius cavirostris).

See also

References

  1. ^ Braulik, G. (2018). "Tasmacetus shepherdi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T21500A50377701. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T21500A50377701.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. ^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
  3. ^ Te Ara Encyclopedia - Beaked whales – George Shepherd
  4. ^ a b Reeves, R.; Stewart, B.; Clapham, P. & Powell, J. (2003). Guide to Marine Mammals of the World. New York: A.A. Knopf. pp. 318–321. ISBN 0-375-41141-0.
  5. ^ a b Shirihai, H. & Jarrett, B. (2006). Whales, Dolphins and Other Marine Mammals of the World. Princeton Field Guides. pp. 43–45. ISBN 0-691-12757-3. OCLC 73174536.
  6. ^ Jared R. Towers, Paul Tixier, 2022, Indian Ocean Sighting of Shepherd’s Beaked Whale (Tasmacetus shepherdi) Helps Confirm Circumpolar Distribution in Southern Hemisphere, Aquatic Mammals, 48(5), pp.462-467
  7. ^ Carly Holyoake, Dave Holley, Peter B. S. Spencer, Chandra Salgado Kent, Doug Coughran, Lars Bejder, 2013, Northernmost record of Shepherd's beaked whale (Tasmacetus shepherdi) - A morphological and genetic description from a stranding from Shark Bay, Western Australia, Pacific Conservation Biology, 19 (2), pp.169-174, DOI:10.1071/PC130169
  8. ^ a b c Pitman R.L., van Helden A.L., Best P.B., Pym A. (2006). "Shepherd's beaked whale (Tasmacetus shepherdi): information on appearance and biology based on strandings and at-sea observations". Mar. Mammal Sci. 22 (3): 744–755. doi:10.1111/j.1748-7692.2006.00066.x.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ^ Australian Antarctic Program, 2012, Whale trackers make rare sighting, Australian Antarctic Division, Retrieved on August 07, 2022
  10. ^ a b Hamish MacLean, 2022, Rare whales seen, vocalisation recorded, The Otago Daily Times, Retrieved on February 24, 2022
  11. ^ John Gibb, 2016, Sighting of beaked whale a first, Otago Daily Times, Retrieved on August 07, 2022
  12. ^ Vaughan Elder, 2017, Population of whales off Dunedin coast significant, study finds, The Otago Daily Times, Retrieved on September 02, 2021
  13. ^ New Zealand Whale and Dolphin Trust, 2017, December 14th, 2017 on Facebook, Retrieved on September 13, 2022
  14. ^ Steve Wood, 2018, Otago Canyon Pelagic - Sept 29th., BirdingNZ, Retrieved on August 07, 2022
  15. ^ New Zealand Whale and Dolphin Trust, 2019, June 29th, 2019 on Facebook, Retrieved on September 13, 2022
  16. ^ David Donnelly, Marine Research, 2019, November 30th, 2019 on Facebook, Retrieved on September 13, 2022
  17. ^ oscarkokako, 2021, Shepherd's beaked whale (Tasmacetus shepherdi), iNaturalist, Retrieved on August 07, 2022
  18. ^ Oscar Thomas, 2021, Moeraki Pelagics to Otago Canyons / Saturday 3rd and Sunday 4th July 2021, BirdingNZ, Retrieved on August 07, 2022
  19. ^ Project Jonah New Zealand, 2021, October 31th, 2021 on Instagram, Retrieved on September 13, 2022
  20. ^ Warwick Allen, Bobby Phuong, 2021, October 21, 2021 on Instagram, Retrieved on September 13, 2022
  21. ^ Peter Langlands, 2021, December 30th, 2021 on Facebook, Retrieved on September 13, 2022
  22. ^ adamduchac, 2022, Shepherd's beaked whale (Tasmacetus shepherdi), iNaturalist, Retrieved on August 07, 2022
  23. ^ Annie Ching, 2022, January 13th, 2022 on Facebook, Retrieved on September 13, 2022
  24. ^ Oscar Thomas, 2022, Moeraki Pelagics Nov 12/13 Report, BirdingNZ, Retrieved on November 15, 2022
  25. ^ Gisborne Herald, 2019, Pod of rare whales filmed off Gisborne, Retrieved on August 07, 2022
  26. ^ The New Zealand Herald, 2017, Rare Shepherd's beaked whales spotted off Kaikoura coast, Retrieved on August 07, 2022
  27. ^ Whale Watch Kaikoura, 2018, The Rarest of the World's Whales - Spotted Twice whilst Whale Watching, Retrieved on August 07, 2022
  28. ^ Alan Granville, 2019, 'Extraordinary': Exceptionally rare whale visits Kaikōura, Stuff, Retrieved on August 07, 2022
  29. ^ hannahwilllliams, 2022, Shepherd's beaked whale (Tasmacetus shepherdi), iNaturalist, Retrieved on August 07, 2022
  30. ^ Saltwater iv, 2017, Very Rare Shepherd's Beaked Whale - Tasmacetus shepherdi _ Taranaki New Zealand on Youtube, Retrieved on September 13, 2022
  31. ^ Donnelly, David M.; Ensor, Paul; Gill, Peter; Clarke, Rohan H.; Evans, Karen; Double, Michael C.; Webster, Trudi; Rayment, Will; Schmitt, Natalie T. (July 2018). "New diagnostic descriptions and distribution information for Shepherd's beaked whale ( Tasmacetus shepherdi ) off Southern Australia and New Zealand: DESCRIPTIONS AND DISTRIBUTION FOR T. SHEPHERDI". Marine Mammal Science. 34 (3): 829–840. doi:10.1111/mms.12478.
  32. ^ Best, P.B.; Smale, M.J.; Glass, J.; Herian, K.; Von Der Heyden, S. (2014). "Identification of stomach contents from a Shepherd's beaked whale Tasmacetus shepherdi stranded on Tristan da Cunha, South Atlantic". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 94 (6): 1093–1097. doi:10.1017/s0025315412001658. hdl:2263/42919. S2CID 55181638.
  33. ^ Official webpage of the Memorandum of Understanding for the Conservation of Cetaceans and Their Habitats in the Pacific Islands Region
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Shepherd's beaked whale: Brief Summary ( Anglèis )

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Shepherd's beaked whale (Tasmacetus shepherdi), also commonly called Tasman's beaked whale or simply the Tasman whale, is a cetacean of the family Ziphiidae and the only species in the genus Tasmacetus. The whale has not been studied extensively. Only four confirmed at sea sightings have been made and 42 strandings recorded (as of 2006). It was first known to science in 1937, being named by W. R. B. Oliver after George Shepherd, curator of the Wanganui Museum, who collected the type specimen near Ohawe on the south Taranaki coast of New Zealand's North Island, in 1933.

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Tasmacetus shepherdi ( Spagneul; Castilian )

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El zifio de Shepherd (Tasmacetus shepherdi) es una especie de cetáceo odontoceto de la familia Ziphidae sobre la que se han hecho muy pocos estudios.

Descripción

De color gris oscuro a negro parduzco en la región dorsal, vientre blanco. Posee dos bandas claras irregulares de disposición diagonal en los flancos. Aletas pectorales, dorsal y caudal, de coloración oscura. Posee un cuerpo robusto. Cabeza con melón poco desarrollado; hocicolargo y prominente con su extremo estrecho. Las aletas pectorales pequeñas y delgadas, la aleta dorsal es pequeña y falcada.[1] 17 a 21 dientes en el Maxilar superior y 17 a 29 en el Maxilar inferior. Alcanza 7m de longitud y un peso de 2 a 3 Ton.

Población y distribución

No existen estimaciones de población sobre el Zifio de Shepherd . A partir del 2003, 20 ejemplares varados se habían encontrado en Nueva Zelanda, 3 en Argentina, 2 en la isla de Juan Fernández, 1 en Australia y 1 en la Islas Sandwich del sur.

Referencias

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Tasmacetus shepherdi: Brief Summary ( Spagneul; Castilian )

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El zifio de Shepherd (Tasmacetus shepherdi) es una especie de cetáceo odontoceto de la familia Ziphidae sobre la que se han hecho muy pocos estudios.

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Tasmacetus shepherdi ( Basch )

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Tasmacetus shepherdi Tasmacetus generoko animalia da. Artiodaktiloen barruko Ziphiidae familian sailkatuta dago.

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez)Mammals - full taxonomy and Red List status Ugaztun guztien egoera 2008an
  2. Oliver (1937) 107 Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 371 pls. 1-5. or..

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Tasmacetus shepherdi: Brief Summary ( Basch )

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Tasmacetus shepherdi Tasmacetus generoko animalia da. Artiodaktiloen barruko Ziphiidae familian sailkatuta dago.

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Tasmanianvalas ( Finlandèis )

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Tasmanianvalas (Tasmacetus shepherdi) on noin kuusimetrinen, huonosti tunnettu valaslaji, jota on tavattu eteläisellä pallonpuoliskolla.

Tasmanianvalas kasvaa 6–7 metriä pitkäksi ja painaa noin kuusi tonnia. Sen pää on pieni ja kuono on pitkulainen nokka. Hengitysaukko sijaitsee epäsymmetrisesti pään vasemmalla puolella. Selkäevä on pieni ja sijaitsee kolmanneksen valaan pituudesta pyrstöstä lukien. Saman heimon muista lajeista tasmanianvalaan voi parhaiten erottaa hampaidensa perusteella. Koska valaat tummuvat kuoltuaan ja niitä on harvoin nähty elävinä, niiden tarkkaa väritystä ei tunneta. [2]

Laji tunnetaan lähinnä parinkymmenen maihin ajautuneen yksilön perusteella. Kohtaamiset ovat kaikki tapahtuneet 30. eteläisen leveyspiirin eteläpuolella, Etelä-Amerikan, Australian ja Uuden-Seelannin lähivesillä.[1] Laji kuvattiin tieteelle vuonna 1937, ja se on sukunsa ainoa laji.[2] Nisäkäsnimistötoimikunta on ehdottanut lajille uutta suomenkielistä nimeä kirjonokkavalas.[3]

Tasmanianvalaat syövät kaloja, mustekaloja ja äyriäisiä, joita ne kenties pyydystävät läheltä merenpohjaa. Useimmat muut nokkavalaat syövät lähes pelkästään mustekalaa.[1]

Lähteet

  1. a b c Taylor, B.L., Baird, R., Barlow, J., Dawson, S.M., Ford, J., Mead, J.G., Notarbartolo di Sciara, G., Wade, P. & Pitman, R.L.: Tasmacetus shepherdi IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.2. 2008. International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN, Iucnredlist.org. Viitattu 1.8.2014. (englanniksi)
  2. a b Mundinger, G. 2000. "Tasmacetus shepherdi" Animal Diversity Web.
  3. Tasmacetus shepherdi Nisäkäsnimistöehdotus. Luomus
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Tasmanianvalas: Brief Summary ( Finlandèis )

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Tasmanianvalas (Tasmacetus shepherdi) on noin kuusimetrinen, huonosti tunnettu valaslaji, jota on tavattu eteläisellä pallonpuoliskolla.

Tasmanianvalas kasvaa 6–7 metriä pitkäksi ja painaa noin kuusi tonnia. Sen pää on pieni ja kuono on pitkulainen nokka. Hengitysaukko sijaitsee epäsymmetrisesti pään vasemmalla puolella. Selkäevä on pieni ja sijaitsee kolmanneksen valaan pituudesta pyrstöstä lukien. Saman heimon muista lajeista tasmanianvalaan voi parhaiten erottaa hampaidensa perusteella. Koska valaat tummuvat kuoltuaan ja niitä on harvoin nähty elävinä, niiden tarkkaa väritystä ei tunneta.

Laji tunnetaan lähinnä parinkymmenen maihin ajautuneen yksilön perusteella. Kohtaamiset ovat kaikki tapahtuneet 30. eteläisen leveyspiirin eteläpuolella, Etelä-Amerikan, Australian ja Uuden-Seelannin lähivesillä. Laji kuvattiin tieteelle vuonna 1937, ja se on sukunsa ainoa laji. Nisäkäsnimistötoimikunta on ehdottanut lajille uutta suomenkielistä nimeä kirjonokkavalas.

Tasmanianvalaat syövät kaloja, mustekaloja ja äyriäisiä, joita ne kenties pyydystävät läheltä merenpohjaa. Useimmat muut nokkavalaat syövät lähes pelkästään mustekalaa.

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Tasmacète de Shepherd ( Fransèis )

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Tasmacetus shepherdi

Le genre Tasmacetus est l'un des cinq genres de baleine à bec. Il comprend une seule espèce, le Tasmacète ou Tasmacète de Sheperd (Tasmacetus shepherdi, Oliver, 1937). Ces dauphins sont rares et discrets[1].

Le Tasmacète est une espèce circumpolaire, connue jusqu'en 2012 uniquement par dix spécimens trouvés dans l'hémisphère sud, au large de la Nouvelle-Zélande, de l'Argentine, du Chili et de la Terre de Feu. Ce n'est qu'en février 2012, que 7 exemplaires ont pu être filmés au large de l'État de Victoria (Australie), d'environ 7 m de long. La femelle peut atteindre une longueur de 6,60 mètres pour un poids d'environ 5,6 tonnes.

Cette espèce présente une peau gris foncé sur le dessus, qui s'éclaircit sur les flancs pour être presque blanche au ventre.

Le Tasmacète de Shepherd vit sur des fonds entre 350 et 3600 m. Il mange principalement des poissons pélagiques et benthiques ainsi que des crustacés.

Répartition

 src=
Carte de distribution du Tasmacète de Shepherd

Notes et références

  1. Alain Diringer (préf. Marc Taquet), Mammifères marins et reptiles marins de l'océan Indien et du Pacifique, Éditions Orphie, 2020, 272 p. (ISBN 979-10-298-0254-6), Tasmacète de Shepherd page 72
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Tasmacète de Shepherd: Brief Summary ( Fransèis )

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Tasmacetus shepherdi

Le genre Tasmacetus est l'un des cinq genres de baleine à bec. Il comprend une seule espèce, le Tasmacète ou Tasmacète de Sheperd (Tasmacetus shepherdi, Oliver, 1937). Ces dauphins sont rares et discrets.

Le Tasmacète est une espèce circumpolaire, connue jusqu'en 2012 uniquement par dix spécimens trouvés dans l'hémisphère sud, au large de la Nouvelle-Zélande, de l'Argentine, du Chili et de la Terre de Feu. Ce n'est qu'en février 2012, que 7 exemplaires ont pu être filmés au large de l'État de Victoria (Australie), d'environ 7 m de long. La femelle peut atteindre une longueur de 6,60 mètres pour un poids d'environ 5,6 tonnes.

Cette espèce présente une peau gris foncé sur le dessus, qui s'éclaircit sur les flancs pour être presque blanche au ventre.

Le Tasmacète de Shepherd vit sur des fonds entre 350 et 3600 m. Il mange principalement des poissons pélagiques et benthiques ainsi que des crustacés.

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Tasmacetus shepherdi ( Italian )

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Il tasmaceto (Tasmacetus shepherdi) è un cetaceo odontoceto della famiglia Ziphiidae. Questo cetaceo è stato pochissimo studiato. In mare non era mai stato identificato con sicurezza e erano stati registrati solamente 28 spiaggiamenti. Nei primi mesi del 2012 è stato filmato per la prima volta in mare[1][2].

Descrizione fisica

Il tasmaceto ha un lungo rostro che si restringe in una punta affusolata ed un melone inclinato. È l'unico zifide ad essere munito di un set completo di denti funzionanti. Il corpo è lungo circa sette metri e la pinna dorsale è situata a due-terzi della lunghezza del dorso. La pinna è falcata. Il dorso varia di colore dal bruno scuro al nero con macchie più chiare che corrono diagonalmente sui fianchi ed il ventre è più chiaro.

Popolazione e distribuzione

Dei tasmaceti non esiste alcuna stima della popolazione. Nel 2003, erano stati ritrovati in tutto 20 esemplari provenienti dalla Nuova Zelanda, 3 dall'Argentina, 2 da Juan Fernández, 1 dall'Australia e 1 dalle isole Sandwich. Ci sono stati due avvistamenti di animali vivi - uno in Nuova Zelanda e uno alle Seychelles. Il 5 marzo 2004 un ventottesimo animale spiaggiato è stato ritrovato da un surfista sulla costa di Taranaki, a nord di Waitara, in Nuova Zelanda (vicino al sito del primo spiaggiamento del 1933). Questo esemplare è stato rimosso dal Dipartimento di Conservazione per effettuarne un'autopsia.

Comportamento

Non è disponibile alcun informazione sulle dimensioni dei gruppi, sulle immersioni e sulle migrazioni. La scarsità delle informazioni è dovuta al fatto che questa specie ha un comportamento molto timido, o alla sua rarità, o ad entrambe.

Conservazione

Non risulta che questa specie sia mai stata cacciata o uccisa accidentalmente dall'uomo.

Note

Bibliografia

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Tasmacetus shepherdi: Brief Summary ( Italian )

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Il tasmaceto (Tasmacetus shepherdi) è un cetaceo odontoceto della famiglia Ziphiidae. Questo cetaceo è stato pochissimo studiato. In mare non era mai stato identificato con sicurezza e erano stati registrati solamente 28 spiaggiamenti. Nei primi mesi del 2012 è stato filmato per la prima volta in mare.

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Shepherddolfijn ( olandèis; flamand )

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De Shepherddolfijn of spitssnuitdolfijn van Tasmanië (Tasmacetus shepherdi) is een walvisachtige uit de familie der spitssnuitdolfijnen (Ziphiidae). Het is de enige soort uit het geslacht Tasmacetus. De Shepherddolfijn is slechts bekend van enkele strandingen.

De Shepherddolfijn heeft een lange, slanke snuit met spitse kaken, kleine borstvinnen, een kleine, sikkelvormige rugvin en een brede, ongekerfde staart. Deze soort heeft anders dan de andere spitssnuitdolfijnen een groot aantal functionele tanden in beide kaken: 19 tot 21 tanden in de bovenkaak, 26 à 27 tanden in de onderkaak. Bij het mannetje zijn de voorste twee tanden in de onderkaak langer dan de andere tanden. De soort is donker grijsbruin van kleur, met lichtere flanken en een roomwitte buik. Twee lichtere diagonale strepen lopen over beide zijden en een lichte vlek bevindt zich boven de borstvinnen. Het voorste deel van de kop kan lichter zijn dan de rest van de bovenzijde van het lichaam. Hij wordt tussen de 6 en 6,6 meter lang en twee à drie ton zwaar.

De Shepherddolfijn is enkel bekend van een twintigtal strandingen. Deze vonden voornamelijk plaats langs de kust van Nieuw-Zeeland, maar vondsten zijn ook gedaan bij Argentinië, het zuiden van Australië en verscheidene eilandjes, waaronder Tristan da Cunha, Chathameiland en de Juan Fernández-archipel. De soort werd in 1933 ontdekt in Nieuw-Zeeland. Pas in de jaren zeventig werd de soort ook buiten Nieuw-Zeeland aangetroffen, in Zuid-Amerika. Het is niet zeker of de soort ooit in levenden lijve is waargenomen. Waarschijnlijk komt hij circumpolair voor op het gehele Zuidelijk Halfrond, in de diepere wateren.

Uit onderzoek van de maaginhoud bleek dat de soort zich voornamelijk voedt met vissen, gevangen in de diepere delen van de oceaan. Waarschijnlijk eet het dier ook inktvissen, als de meeste andere spitssnuitdolfijnen.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
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Tasmansk nebbhval ( norvegèis )

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Tasmansk nebbhval (Tasmacetus sheperdi) eller shepherdnebbhval er en art som tilhører nebbhvalene, og eneste art i slekten Tasmacetus. Den tilhører de tannhvalene man vet aller minst om.

Biologi

Tasmansk nebbhval er den eneste nebbhvalen som har et fullt, funksjonelt tannsett. Den er dessuten den nest lengste av nebbhvalene, etter gåsenebbhvalen. Tasmansk nebbhval blir trolig omkring 6-7 meter lang, men er atskillig slankere enn gåsenebbhvalen og veier trolig omkring 2 metriske tonn.

Hittil har all kunnskap om denne hvalen kommet etter dyr som har strandet. Tidligere er tjue individer funnet strandet på New Zealand, tre i Argentina, en på Hawaii og en i Australia. Tre andre funn er også rapportert. I tillegg er det rapportert sett levende individer utenfor New Zealand og Seychellene, men disse er ikke bekreftet. Den 5. mars i 2004 fant en surfer tjueåtte stranda hvaler langs kysten av Taranaki i Waitara på New Zealand, ikke langt unna der man fant de første hvalene i 1933.

Inndeling

Det finnes flere måter å dele inn nebbhvalene på. En måte er å dele artene inn etter formen på nebbet, som nebbhvaler og spissnebbhvaler. En annen måte er å dele de inn etter sine biologiske slekter, slik det er gjort nedenfor.

Det har hersket en viss usikkerhet omkring hvorvidt slekten kjempenebbhvaler (Berardius) består av én, to eller tre arter. Her listes slekten i henhold til CTDs klassifisering som to ulike arter i samme slekt. Det har dessuten vært knyttet stor usikkerhet til om den svært sjeldne longmanspisshvalen skal klassifiseres som i sin egen slakt, som Indopacetus pacificus, eller i slekten Mesoplodon. Nyere forskning viser imidlertid nå at denne hvalen bør klassifiseres i en egen slekt.[1]

Inndelingen under følger revisjon 15488 av 26. juni 2018 ved Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) og er i henhold til MDI Biological Laboratory og NC State University.[2] Inndelingen støttes også av WoRMS.[3]

Treliste

Referanser

  1. ^ May-Collado, Laura og Agnarsson, Ingi. 2005. «Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution xxx (2006) xxx–xxx - Cytochrome b and Bayesian inference of whale phylogeny». Science Direct Arkivert 27. september 2007 hos Wayback Machine.
  2. ^ CTD (2018) Ziphiidae - beaked whales. Revisjon 15488 av 26. juni 2018, Comparative Toxicogenomics Database. Besøkt 2018-07-03
  3. ^ Perrin, W.F. (2018). World Cetacea Database. Ziphiidae Gray, 1850. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=136986 on 2018-07-03

Eksterne lenker

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Tasmansk nebbhval: Brief Summary ( norvegèis )

fornì da wikipedia NO

Tasmansk nebbhval (Tasmacetus sheperdi) eller shepherdnebbhval er en art som tilhører nebbhvalene, og eneste art i slekten Tasmacetus. Den tilhører de tannhvalene man vet aller minst om.

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Tasmanowal dziobogłowy ( polonèis )

fornì da wikipedia POL
Commons Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons

Tasmanowal dziobogłowy[3] (Tasmacetus shepherdi) – gatunek ssaka z rodziny zyfiowatych (Ziphiidae).

Systematyka

Taksonomia

Rodzaj i gatunek opisany naukowo po raz pierwszy przez W. Olivera w 1937 roku na łamach czasopisma Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London[4]. Jako miejsce typowe autor wskazał plażę w Ohawe, w prowincji Taranaki na Wyspie Północnej należącej do Nowej Zelandii[4]. Jedyny przedstawiciel rodzaju Tasmacetustasmanowal[3][5].

Średnie wymiary

  • Długość ciała - 6-6,6 m

Występowanie

Występuje w wodach przybrzeżnych i otwartych morzach wokół Nowej Zelandii, Argentyny i Chile.

Tryb życia

Tasmanowal dziobogłowy został odkryty dopiero w 1933 i od tego czasu obserwowano niewiele osobników tego gatunku. Do niedawna sądzono, że występuje on tylko w morzach oblewających Nową Zelandię, jednak w latach siedemdziesiątych stwierdzono jego obecność również u wybrzeży Argentyny i Chile. Wal ten zajmuje w swojej rodzinie szczególne miejsce ze względu na niezwykłe uzębienie: w żuchwie oprócz paru dużych zębów na przodzie znajduje się jeszcze co najmniej 12 mniejszych zębów, a ponadto około 10 par zębów w górnej szczęce. Wyglądem i zwyczajami przypomina pozostałe gatunki zyfiowatych. Prawdopodobnie żywi się głównie głowonogami i rybami.

Rozmnażanie

Nic nie wiadomo na temat rozmnażania tego gatunku.

Przypisy

  1. Tasmacetus shepherdi, w: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).
  2. Taylor, B.L., Baird, R., Barlow, J., Dawson, S.M., Ford, J., Mead, J.G., Notarbartolo di Sciara, G., Wade, P. & Pitman, R.L. 2008, Tasmacetus shepherdi [w:] The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015 [online], wersja 2015-3 [dostęp 2015-09-24] (ang.).
  3. a b Włodzimierz Cichocki, Agnieszka Ważna, Jan Cichocki, Ewa Rajska, Artur Jasiński, Wiesław Bogdanowicz: Polskie nazewnictwo ssaków świata. Warszawa: Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii PAN, 2015, s. 191. ISBN 978-83-88147-15-9.
  4. a b W. Oliver. Tasmacetus shepherdi: a new Genus and Species of Beaked Whale from New Zealand. „Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London”. 107 (3), s. 371, rys. 1-5, 1937. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1937.tb00015.x (ang.).
  5. Wilson Don E. & Reeder DeeAnn M. (red.) Tasmacetus shepherdi. w: Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (Wyd. 3.) [on-line]. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005. (ang.) [dostęp 2013-07-09]
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Tasmanowal dziobogłowy: Brief Summary ( polonèis )

fornì da wikipedia POL

Tasmanowal dziobogłowy (Tasmacetus shepherdi) – gatunek ssaka z rodziny zyfiowatych (Ziphiidae).

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Baleia-bicuda-de-shepherd ( portughèis )

fornì da wikipedia PT

A baleia-bicuda-de-shepherd (Tasmacetus shepherdi) é um cetáceo da família dos zifiídeos (Ziphiidae), encontrado em águas temperadas frias, especialmente na Nova Zelândia, Chile, Argentina e Tristão da Cunha.

Referências

  1. Braulik, G. (2018). «Tasmacetus shepherdi». Lista Vermelha de Espécies Ameaçadas. 2018: e.T21500A50377701. doi:. Consultado em 19 de novembro de 2021
  • MEAD, J. G.; BROWNELL, R. L. (2005). Order Cetacea. In: WILSON, D. E.; REEDER, D. M. (Eds.) Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. 3ª edição. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 723-743.
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Baleia-bicuda-de-shepherd: Brief Summary ( portughèis )

fornì da wikipedia PT

A baleia-bicuda-de-shepherd (Tasmacetus shepherdi) é um cetáceo da família dos zifiídeos (Ziphiidae), encontrado em águas temperadas frias, especialmente na Nova Zelândia, Chile, Argentina e Tristão da Cunha.

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Tasmansk val ( svedèis )

fornì da wikipedia SV

Tasmansk val (Tasmacetus shepherdi) är en art i familjen näbbvalar. Med det vetenskapliga namnet är arten uppkallad efter G. Shepherd som 1933 undersökte det första exemplaret som strandade på Nya Zeeland.

Arten är mycket sällsynt och hittills upphittades bara 28 strandade individer. De flesta påträffades på Nya Zeeland men även på Argentina, Australien och Juan Fernández-öarna. Det antas att djuret lever cirkumpolar på södra jordklotet.

Tasmansk val skiljer sig från andra näbbvalar genom full utbildade tänder. Den 17 till 29 tänder i över- och underkäken som liknar en kon i formen. Arten uppnår en längd av 6 till 7 meter och en vikt av 5,6 till 6,5 ton. Färgen är på ovansidan gråbrun och på buken ljusare eller nästan vit.[2]

I motsats till andra näbbvalar som huvudsakligen äter bläckfisk har tasmansk val fiskar som föda.

Källor

Den här artikeln är helt eller delvis baserad på material från tyskspråkiga Wikipedia

Noter

  1. ^ Tasmacetus shepherdiIUCN:s rödlista, auktor: Taylor, B.L. et. al. (2008), besökt 13 januari 2009.
  2. ^ Gerhard Mundinger (27 april 2000). ”Shepherd's beaked whale” (på engelska). Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Tasmacetus_shepherdi/. Läst 1 november 2016.
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Tasmansk val: Brief Summary ( svedèis )

fornì da wikipedia SV

Tasmansk val (Tasmacetus shepherdi) är en art i familjen näbbvalar. Med det vetenskapliga namnet är arten uppkallad efter G. Shepherd som 1933 undersökte det första exemplaret som strandade på Nya Zeeland.

Arten är mycket sällsynt och hittills upphittades bara 28 strandade individer. De flesta påträffades på Nya Zeeland men även på Argentina, Australien och Juan Fernández-öarna. Det antas att djuret lever cirkumpolar på södra jordklotet.

Tasmansk val skiljer sig från andra näbbvalar genom full utbildade tänder. Den 17 till 29 tänder i över- och underkäken som liknar en kon i formen. Arten uppnår en längd av 6 till 7 meter och en vikt av 5,6 till 6,5 ton. Färgen är på ovansidan gråbrun och på buken ljusare eller nästan vit.

I motsats till andra näbbvalar som huvudsakligen äter bläckfisk har tasmansk val fiskar som föda.

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Tazmanya gagalı balinası ( turch )

fornì da wikipedia TR

Tazmanya gagalı balinası (Tasmacetus shepherdi) ya da Tazmanya balinası, ziphiidae familyasının üyesi olan bir balina türü. Bu balinalar geniş bir şekilde araştırılmamışlardır. Denizlerde görülen yalnızca dört birey ve 42 tane de kendi doğal yaşam alanlarından ayrı kalmış birey kayıt edilmiştir (2006 ve öncesinde). İlk defa 1937 yılında görülmüşlerdir, W. R. B. Oliver tarafından George Shepherd'a itham edilerek isimleri verilmiştir, Whanganui Bölge Müzesinin görevlisi 1933 yılında Yeni Zelanda'daki Kuzey Adası'nda bulunan Ōhawe yakınlarındaki güney Taranaki sahilinde numuneler toplamıştır.[2][3]

Açıklama

Yetişkinler 6 metre (20 ft) ila 7.1 metre (23 ft) arasında uzunluğa ve 2.32 ila 3.48 ton arasında kiloya ulaşabilirler. Doğduklarında yaklaşık olarak 3 metre (9.8 ft) uzunluğunda olurlar. Diğer gagalı balinagiller ile karşılaştırıldıklarında daha güçlü ve büyük gövelilerdir, ayrıca dik bir melon ile yunuslarınkine benzer uzun gagaya sahiptirler.[4] Tam bir fonksiyonel diş setine sahip olan tek ziphiidae türüdürler (üst ve alt çenelerinin her ikisinde de 17 ila 27 çift).[3] Yetişkin erkeklerin ayrıca alt çenelerinin ucunda bir çift fildişi bulunur. Sırtları koyu kahve ve karınları krem rengindedir, kanatçıktan uzanan soluk renkli bir bölge de bulunur. Uzun, hilal şeklinde olan sırt yüzgeçleri uzunluklarının üçte ikisi kadar uzaklığından başlamaktadır.[4]

Nüfus ve dağılım

Tazmanya gagalı balinalarının tahmini toplam nüfusları hiç yapılmamıştır. 2006'ya kadar, Yeni Zelanda'da 42 tane doğal yaşam alanından ayrı kalmış tazmanya gagalı balinası olduğu bildirilmiştir (Chatham Adaları'nda 24 tane, Arjantin'de 7 tane, Tristan da Cunha'da 6 tane, Avustralya'da 3 tane ve Juan Fernández Adaları'nda 2 tane). Denizde ise toplam beş tanesi görülmüştür (çoğunlukla yine Yeni Zelanda'da), bir tane "muhtemelen" Shag Rocks yakınlarında ve dört tanesi de farklı bölgelerde görülmüştür—ilk iki tanesi 1985'te Tristan da Cunha yakınlarında birkaç dakika arayla görülmüştür (ilk görülme 37°18′G 12°32′B / 37.3°G 12.533°B / -37.3; -12.533 koordinatlarında); üçüncüsü 2002 yılında Gough Adası yakınlarında (40°19′G 9°53′B / 40.317°G 9.883°B / -40.317; -9.883); ve dördüncüsü de 2004 yılında Tasmanya'nın güneyinde (48°50′G 150°06′D / 48.833°G 150.1°D / -48.833; 150.1) görülmüştür.[5] Ocak 2012'de, bu türün binlercesininden oluşan bir grup Portland, Victoria'nın güneyindeki Avustralya Antarktika Bölümü tarafından fotoğraflanmış ve filme çekilmiştir.[6]

Korunma durumu

Bu hayvanların kazara ya da kasten insanlar tarafından öldürüldüklerine ya da avlandıklarına dair bir bildiri yoktur. Tazmanya gagalı balinaları Pasifik Adaları Bölgesi'nin Balinaları ve Onların Habitatlarının Korunmasına ilişkin Mutabakat Zaptına (Pasifik Balinaları MoU) tarafından korunmaktadırlar.[7]

Kaynakça

  1. ^ Taylor, B.L., Baird, R., Barlow, J., Dawson, S.M., Ford, J., Mead, J.G., Notarbartolo di Sciara, G., Wade, P. & Pitman, R.L. (2008). Tasmacetus shepherdi. IUCN 2008. IUCN Nesli Tükenme Tehlikesi Altında Olan Türlerin Kırmızı Listesi. Erişim tarihi: 24 March 2009. Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is of data deficient.
  2. ^ Te Ara Encyclopedia - Beaked whales – George Shepherd
  3. ^ a b Reeves, R., Stewart, B., Clapham, P. & Powell, J. (2003). Guide to Marine Mammals of the World. New York: A.A. Knopf. ss. 318–321. ISBN 0-375-41141-0.KB1 bakım: Birden fazla ad: yazar listesi (link)
  4. ^ a b Shirihai, H.; Jarrett, B. (2006). Whales, Dolphins and Other Marine Mammals of the World. Princeton Field Guides. ss. 43–45. ISBN 0-691-12757-3. OCLC 73174536.
  5. ^ Pitman R.L., van Helden A.L., Best P.B., Pym A. (2006). Shepherd's beaked whale (Tasmacetus shepherdi): information on appearance and biology based on strandings and at-sea observations. Mar Mamm Sci 22: 744-755.
  6. ^ Whale trackers make rare sighting
  7. ^ Official webpage of the Memorandum of Understanding for the Conservation of Cetaceans and Their Habitats in the Pacific Islands Region

Konuyla ilgili yayınlar

Dış bağlantılar

 src= Vikisözlük'te Tasmacetus shepherdi ile ilgili tanım bulabilirsiniz.  src= Wikimedia Commons'ta Tazmanya gagalı balinası ile ilgili medyaları bulabilirsiniz.
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Wikispecies'te konuyla ilgili sayfa mevcuttur:
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Tazmanya gagalı balinası: Brief Summary ( turch )

fornì da wikipedia TR

Tazmanya gagalı balinası (Tasmacetus shepherdi) ya da Tazmanya balinası, ziphiidae familyasının üyesi olan bir balina türü. Bu balinalar geniş bir şekilde araştırılmamışlardır. Denizlerde görülen yalnızca dört birey ve 42 tane de kendi doğal yaşam alanlarından ayrı kalmış birey kayıt edilmiştir (2006 ve öncesinde). İlk defa 1937 yılında görülmüşlerdir, W. R. B. Oliver tarafından George Shepherd'a itham edilerek isimleri verilmiştir, Whanganui Bölge Müzesinin görevlisi 1933 yılında Yeni Zelanda'daki Kuzey Adası'nda bulunan Ōhawe yakınlarındaki güney Taranaki sahilinde numuneler toplamıştır.

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Tasmacetus shepherdi ( ucrain )

fornì da wikipedia UK

Опис

Тіло цих тварин близько 6–7 метрів в довжину. Голова невелика з довгим вузьким дзьобом. Спинний плавець невеликий і знаходиться на 1/3 довжини тіла від хвоста. Хвіст без виїмки, а плавці маленькі, овальної форми. Спина рівномірно сірувато-коричневого кольору, вицвітає до майже білого на низу живота. Вид можна легко відрізнити від інших членів родини Ziphiidae наявністю 17–29 конічних зубів на верхній і нижній щелепі. Діапазон мас: 5600–6500 кг.

Поширення

В основному відомий по кількох десятків викидання на берег, все на південь від 30° південної широти, навколо Нової Зеландії, Південної Австралії, південної частини Південної Америки. Передбачається, що вид має циркумполярне поширення в холодних помірних водах Південної півкулі. Цей вид, як правило живе далеко від берега; проте, де є вузький континентальний шельф, T. shepherdi може іноді виникати в глибокій воді близько до берега.

Поведінка

Живиться кількома видами риб (в першу чергу це бельдюгові), а також кальмарами і крабами, можливо, поблизу дна в глибоких водах. Це, здається, дещо незвично, так як більшість дзьоборилових, мабуть, живиться майже виключно головоногими.

Життєвий цикл

Нічого не відомо про розмноження цього виду.

Загрози та охорона

Серйозні загрози не відомі для цього виду. На цей вид ніколи не полювали. Дані з викинутих на берег особин, вказали, що вони поглинули викинуті пластмасові предмети, що призвело до смерті. Цей вид, як і інші члени родини, швидше за все, уразливі до гучних антропогенних звуків, таких, які генеруються військово-морського гідролокаторами і сейсмічною розвідкою.

Вид занесений до Додатка II СІТЕС. Необхідно провести дослідження для оцінки впливу потенційних загроз для цього виду.

Джерела

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Cá voi mõm khoằm Shepherd ( vietnamèis )

fornì da wikipedia VI

Tasmacetus shepherdi là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Ziphiidae, bộ Cetacea. Loài này được Oliver mô tả năm 1937.[2]

Chú thích

  1. ^ Taylor, B.L., Baird, R., Barlow, J., Dawson, S.M., Ford, J., Mead, J.G., Notarbartolo di Sciara, G., Wade, P. & Pitman, R.L. (2008). Tasmacetus shepherdi. 2008 Sách đỏ IUCN. Liên minh Bảo tồn Thiên nhiên Quốc tế 2008. Truy cập ngày 24 tháng 3 năm 2009. Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is of data deficient.
  2. ^ Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. biên tập (2005). “Tasmacetus shepherdi”. Mammal Species of the World . Baltimore: Nhà in Đại học Johns Hopkins, 2 tập (2.142 trang). ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.

Tham khảo

Liên kết ngoài

 src= Phương tiện liên quan tới Tasmacetus shepherdi tại Wikimedia Commons

Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết liên quan đến Bộ Cá voi (Cetacea) này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Cá voi mõm khoằm Shepherd: Brief Summary ( vietnamèis )

fornì da wikipedia VI

Tasmacetus shepherdi là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Ziphiidae, bộ Cetacea. Loài này được Oliver mô tả năm 1937.

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Тасманийский клюворыл ( russ; russi )

fornì da wikipedia русскую Википедию
Латинское название Tasmacetus shepherdi
(Oliver, 1937)
Ареал
изображение

wikispecies:
Систематика
на Викивидах

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Изображения
на Викискладе

ITIS 180500 NCBI 52116 Международная Красная книга
Status none DD.svg
Недостаточно данных
IUCN Data Deficient: 21500

Тасманийский клюворыл[1], или новозеландский клюворыл Шеперда[1] (лат. Tasmacetus shepherdi) — вид китообразных семейства клюворылых, единственный представитель рода Tasmacetus. Изучен плохо, по состоянию на 2012 год, зафиксировано только 5 случаев наблюдения его представителей в море и 42 случая выбрасывания на берег. Вид впервые описан У. Оливером в 1937 году на основе останков кита, найденных в 1933 году Джорджем Шепердом в регионе Таранаки Новой Зеландии[2][3].

Описание

Взрослые особи достигают 6—7 метров в длину и имеют массу от 2,3 до 3,5 тонн. Единственный вид семейства клюворылых с полным набором функциональных зубов — по 17—27 пар на верхней и на нижней челюсти, всего — 90. У самцов на конце нижней челюсти — пара крупных конических зубов[4][3]. Верхняя часть тела имеет тёмно-серую, а нижняя — светло-серую окраску[5].

Распространение

Численность популяции неизвестна. На 2006 год было отмечено 42 случая выбрасывания тасманийских клюворылов: 24 — в Новой Зеландии, 7 — в Аргентине, 6 — на островах Тристан-да-Кунья, 3 — в Австралии, 2 — на островах Хуан-Фернандес. Первые два подтверждённых наблюдения состоялись в 1985 году, в водах Тристан-да-Куньи. Третье — в 2002 году около острова Гоф. Четвёртое — в 2004 году, к югу от Тасмании[6]. Пятое наблюдение состоялось в январе 2012 года у побережья Виктории (Австралия)[7][4].

Поведение

Четыре первых наблюдавшихся группы тасманийских клюворылов включали от 3 до 6 взрослых особей, а в одном случае — вместе с китёнком. Однако группа, наблюдавшаяся в 2012 году, насчитывала 10—12 китов. Они всплывали, выбрасывая маленький фонтан, и, выгибаясь, ныряли. Некоторые, как и другие представители рода клюворылых, выглядывали из воды[6].

Примечания

  1. 1 2 Соколов В. Е. Пятиязычный словарь названий животных. Млекопитающие. Латинский, русский, английский, немецкий, французский. / под общей редакцией акад. В. Е. Соколова. — М.: Рус. яз., 1984. — С. 118. — 10 000 экз.
  2. Te Ara Encyclopedia — Beaked whales — George Shepherd
  3. 1 2 Reeves, R., Stewart, B., Clapham, P. & Powell, J. Guide to Marine Mammals of the World. — New York : A.A. Knopf, 2003. — P. 318–321. — ISBN 0-375-41141-0.
  4. 1 2 Уникальная съемка (неопр.). Вокруг света (24.02.2012). Проверено 31 октября 2012. Архивировано 13 января 2013 года.
  5. Shirihai, H. and Jarrett, B. Whales, Dolphins and Other Marine Mammals of the World. — Princeton Field Guides, 2006. — P. 43–45. — ISBN 0-691-12757-3.
  6. 1 2 Pitman R.L., van Helden A.L., Best P.B., Pym A. (2006). Shepherd’s beaked whale (Tasmacetus shepherdi): information on appearance and biology based on strandings and at-sea observations. Mar Mamm Sci 22: 744—755
  7. Whale trackers make rare sighting
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Тасманийский клюворыл: Brief Summary ( russ; russi )

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Тасманийский клюворыл, или новозеландский клюворыл Шеперда (лат. Tasmacetus shepherdi) — вид китообразных семейства клюворылых, единственный представитель рода Tasmacetus. Изучен плохо, по состоянию на 2012 год, зафиксировано только 5 случаев наблюдения его представителей в море и 42 случая выбрасывания на берег. Вид впервые описан У. Оливером в 1937 году на основе останков кита, найденных в 1933 году Джорджем Шепердом в регионе Таранаки Новой Зеландии.

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謝氏塔喙鯨 ( cinèis )

fornì da wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Tasmacetus shepherdi
Oliver, 1937

謝氏塔喙鯨(学名Tasmacetus shepherdi)旧称谢氏喙鲸,又称塔斯曼鲸塔斯曼喙鲸。最初由Shepherd在1933年時發現一頭擱淺的成年雌鯨,之後Oliver在1937年時根據博物館內收藏的一具近乎完整骨骼來為其命名,僅一屬一種。謝氏塔喙鯨是極為罕見的類,人類對其所知實際上僅來自於少數擱淺屍體,目擊記錄更是少之又少,對於牠們在海中的行蹤與習性尚未有可靠的證據說明。謝氏塔喙鯨在喙鯨中相當獨特,因為牠們的上、下顎都長有許多具功能性的牙齒

基本資料

其他俗名:謝氏喙鯨(舊譯)、Tasman Whale、Tasman Beaked Whale(英)、TASMACÈTE(法)、BALLENA PICUDA DE SHEPHERD(西)

出生時身長體重:推測近3m,體重未知

最大身長體重記錄:6~7m,體重未知

壽命:未知

外型特徵

謝氏塔喙鯨有雪茄形的身體,近似於中喙鯨屬,不過額隆更加聳立接近柯氏喙鯨,但不及瓶鼻鯨貝喙鯨屬般陡峭。嘴喙與前額的分界相當明顯,與其他種喙鯨相較顯得較為修長而狹窄。胸鰭相當短且往末端逐漸尖細,和大多數喙鯨相同,其撓、尺骨相對較長而趾骨較短。背鰭高度約30至35公分,大致呈鐮刀狀,位於背部後段相當於2/3全長的位置。尾鰭無凹刻,頸部處有一對淺溝槽。牠們在喙鯨中是相當特殊的一個物種,一般而言,只有成年雄喙鯨才有2顆巨大、對捕食無甚幫助的牙齒,且僅位於下顎;而謝氏塔喙鯨無論雌雄皆有具功能性的牙齒,且上、下顎皆有。上顎有17至21對牙齒,下顎18至28對,雄鯨下顎最前端的2顆牙齒有膨大的現象。

謝氏塔喙鯨生前的實際體色不明。根據對擱淺屍體的觀察,謝氏塔喙鯨背部的顏色較暗,腹部顏色較淺,在胸鰭與肛門處腹部的淺色區域會往背部蔓延,另外在身體側面與側腹可能會有長條橫紋與斜紋遍布。頭部前端的顏色通常較淺,背、胸、尾鰭外觀皆為深色。

分布

一般認為謝氏塔喙鯨是遠洋性的鯨類,可能在南半球冷溫帶海域呈環南極分布。已知的擱淺記錄包括紐西蘭(12起)、澳洲(1起)、阿根廷(3起)、斐南得群島(Juan Fernández Islands,2起),以及南三明治群島(South Sandwich Islands,3起),南緯30度以北未曾有發現記錄。目前只有2次較可信的目擊記錄,分別在紐西蘭與塞席爾(Seychelles)。

習性

對於其社會結構一無所知,稀少的海面目擊記錄發現牠們僅以小群出現且難以偵察追蹤,可能是族群數量非常稀少,或經常躲避船隻、下潛極深而很少露出海面。

生殖

不明。

食性

雖然一般認為牠們與其他喙鯨一樣以槍烏賊為主食,不過魚類在謝氏塔喙鯨的食物中似乎佔有與槍烏賊等量、甚至超過的比例。少數幾次胃內容物記錄中曾發現無鬚鱈等魚類,亦有少量螃蟹與烏賊嘴喙殘渣。在阿根廷,1頭擱淺的雌鯨經解剖後發現胃內只有魚類的殘骸。

現狀

其數量完全不明,對於其是否曾遭捕獵或漁業造成的死亡等沒有明確的資料。

參考書目

1. 馬克‧卡沃達著;馬丁‧卡姆繪圖;陳順發翻譯,《鯨與海豚圖鑑》,貓頭鷹出版社,1997 [民86]:140-141頁。 ISBN 957-9684-16-2

2. Hadoram Shirihai / illustrated by Brett Jarrett, 《A Complete Guide to Antarctic Wildlife: The Birds and Marine Mammals of the Antarctic Continent and the Southerocean》, Alula Press Oy, 2002: p348-351. ISBN 951-98947-0-5

3. Pieter A. Folken, Randall R. Reeves, etc. / illustrated by Pieter A. Folkens, 《Guide to MARINE MAMMALS of the World》,Alfred A. Knopf, 2002: p264-265. ISBN 0-375-41141-0

4. Mark Carwardine / illustrated by Martin CammDorling, 《DORLING KINDERSLEY HANDBOOKS: WHALES, DOLPHINS AND PORPOISES》, Dorling Kindersley, 1995: p140-141. ISBN 0-7513-2781-6

5. James G. Mead, 《Shepherd's Beaked Whale(Tasmacetus shepherdi)》, edit by William F. Perrin, Bernd Würsig, etc. 《Encyclopedia of marine mammals》, Academic Press, 2002: p1078-1081. ISBN 0-12-551340-2

6. James G. Head, 《Shepherd's Beaked Whale - Tasmacetus shepherdi Oliver, 1937》, edited by Sam H. Ridgway and Sir Richard Harrison, F.R.S. 《Handbook of Marine Mammals, Volume 4: River Dolphins and the Larger Toothed Whales》, Academic Press, 1989. p309-320. ISBN 0-12-588504-0

  1. ^ Taylor, B.L.; Baird, R.; Barlow, J.; Dawson, S.M.; Ford, J.; Mead, J.G.; Notarbartolo di Sciara, G.; Wade, P. & Pitman, R.L. Tasmacetus shepherdi. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN). 2008, 2008: e.T21500A9291409 [12 January 2018]. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T21500A9291409.en. Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is of data deficient.
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謝氏塔喙鯨: Brief Summary ( cinèis )

fornì da wikipedia 中文维基百科

謝氏塔喙鯨(学名Tasmacetus shepherdi)旧称谢氏喙鲸,又称塔斯曼鲸和塔斯曼喙鲸。最初由Shepherd在1933年時發現一頭擱淺的成年雌鯨,之後Oliver在1937年時根據博物館內收藏的一具近乎完整骨骼來為其命名,僅一屬一種。謝氏塔喙鯨是極為罕見的類,人類對其所知實際上僅來自於少數擱淺屍體,目擊記錄更是少之又少,對於牠們在海中的行蹤與習性尚未有可靠的證據說明。謝氏塔喙鯨在喙鯨中相當獨特,因為牠們的上、下顎都長有許多具功能性的牙齒

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タスマニアクジラ ( Giaponèis )

fornì da wikipedia 日本語
タスマニアクジラ ヒトとの大きさ比較
ヒトとの大きさ比較
分類 : 動物界 Animalia : 脊索動物門 Chordata 亜門 : 脊椎動物亜門 Vertebrata : 哺乳綱 Mammalia : 鯨偶蹄目 Cetartiodactyla 亜目 : ハクジラ亜目 Odontoceti : アカボウクジラ科 Ziphiidae 亜科 : ツチクジラ亜科 Berardinae : タスマニアクジラ属 Tasmacetus : タスマニアクジラ T. shepherdi 学名 Tasmacetus shepherdi
Oliver, 1933 和名 タスマニアクジラ 英名 Shepherd's Beaked Whale

タスマニアクジラ(タスマニア鯨、Tasmacetus shepherdi)はハクジラ亜目アカボウクジラ科タスマニアクジラ属の珍しいクジラである。 海上における確かな目撃例もほとんど報告されておらず、座礁(ストランディング)による個体が28体報告されているのみである。

ほとんど研究されていないため、不明な点が多い。

タスマニアクジラ属 (Tasmacetus) はアカボウクジラ科に属するの一つ。タスマニアクジラ属に属するのはタスマニアクジラ1種のみである。

身体[編集]

体長は7m程度。口は長く先細、頭部のメロンは垂直に切り立ったような形状である。にはアカボウクジラ科で唯一、咀嚼する事が可能な形態のを持つ。背びれに似た形状で、前方から2/3程の場所に位置する。体色は、背側は濃い茶色あるいは黒、側面には斜めに明るい模様(パッチ)があり、腹側は明るい色である。

生息数と生息域[編集]

全生息数は不明である。生息域も判然としないが座礁、観察例は全て南半球に集中している。

2003年までに27個体の座礁が報告されている。 27個体の内訳は、ニュージーランドが20、アルゼンチンが3、Juan Fernándezが2、オーストラリアサウスジョージア・サウスサンドウィッチ諸島がそれぞれ1である。 2004年3月5日、ニュージーランドのワイタラ (en:Waitara)北部のタラナキ海岸 (coast of Taranaki) において、28例目となる座礁したタスマニアクジラがサーファーによって発見された。 この地点は1933年に最初の座礁が報告された海岸の近くである。

海上における生体の観察例は2例(ニュージーランドとセーシェル)が報告されている。

生態[編集]

群の大きさ、潜水のパターン、回遊の有無など、情報が不足しているために全て不明である。 情報が不足している理由であるが、人間を避けているのか、生息数が僅かなのか、それとも両方なのか、それも不明である。

保護[編集]

捕鯨の対象とはなっていない。 混獲の被害に遭っているという報告もない。

参考文献・外部リンク[編集]

  1. Thomas A. Jefferson, Shepherd's Beaked Whale in the Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals (1998). ISBN 0125513402
  2. Reeves et al., National Audubon Society Guide to Marine Mammals of the World (2002). ISBN 0375411410
  3. Carwardine, Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises (1995). ISBN 0751327816
  4. News report on 28th recording stranding(28例目の座礁に関するニュース。英文。リンク切れ
執筆の途中です この項目は、動物に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めていますPortal:生き物と自然プロジェクト:生物)。
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タスマニアクジラ: Brief Summary ( Giaponèis )

fornì da wikipedia 日本語

タスマニアクジラ(タスマニア鯨、Tasmacetus shepherdi)はハクジラ亜目アカボウクジラ科タスマニアクジラ属の珍しいクジラである。 海上における確かな目撃例もほとんど報告されておらず、座礁(ストランディング)による個体が28体報告されているのみである。

ほとんど研究されていないため、不明な点が多い。

タスマニアクジラ属 (Tasmacetus) はアカボウクジラ科に属するの一つ。タスマニアクジラ属に属するのはタスマニアクジラ1種のみである。

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셰퍼드부리고래 ( Corean )

fornì da wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

셰퍼드부리고래 또는 태즈먼고래(Tasmacetus shepherdi)는 부리고래과에 속하는 고래의 일종이다. 셰퍼드부리고래속 또는 태즈먼부리고래속(Tasmacetus)의 유일종이다. 이 고래는 널리 연구되지 않았다. 2006년까지 바다에서 겨우 4번 관찰되고 42마리의 좌초가 확인되었다. 올리버(W. R. B. Oliver)가 1933년에 뉴질랜드 북섬 타라나키 남부 해안의 오호(Ōhawe) 근처에서 표본을 수집한 왕거누이 박물관(Wanganui Museum) 큐레이터, 셰퍼드(George Shepherd)의 이름을 따서 명명하면서, 1937년에 과학적으로 처음 알려졌다.[2][3] 태즈메이니아주둥이고래 또는 태즈먼부리고래로도 불린다.

각주

  1. “Tasmacetus shepherdi”. 《멸종 위기 종의 IUCN 적색 목록. 2008판》 (영어). 국제 자연 보전 연맹. 2008. 2009년 3월 24일에 확인함. Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is of data deficient.
  2. Te Ara Encyclopedia - Beaked whales – George Shepherd
  3. Reeves, R., Stewart, B., Clapham, P. & Powell, J. (2003). 《Guide to Marine Mammals of the World》. New York: A.A. Knopf. 318–321쪽. ISBN 0-375-41141-0.
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셰퍼드부리고래: Brief Summary ( Corean )

fornì da wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

셰퍼드부리고래 또는 태즈먼고래(Tasmacetus shepherdi)는 부리고래과에 속하는 고래의 일종이다. 셰퍼드부리고래속 또는 태즈먼부리고래속(Tasmacetus)의 유일종이다. 이 고래는 널리 연구되지 않았다. 2006년까지 바다에서 겨우 4번 관찰되고 42마리의 좌초가 확인되었다. 올리버(W. R. B. Oliver)가 1933년에 뉴질랜드 북섬 타라나키 남부 해안의 오호(Ōhawe) 근처에서 표본을 수집한 왕거누이 박물관(Wanganui Museum) 큐레이터, 셰퍼드(George Shepherd)의 이름을 따서 명명하면서, 1937년에 과학적으로 처음 알려졌다. 태즈메이니아주둥이고래 또는 태즈먼부리고래로도 불린다.

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Habitat ( Anglèis )

fornì da World Register of Marine Species
cold temperate, oceanic

Arferiment

van der Land, J. (ed). (2008). UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms (URMO).

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Jacob van der Land [email]

IUCN Red List Category ( Anglèis )

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Data Deficient (DD)

Arferiment

IUCN (2008) Cetacean update of the 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

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Perrin, William [email]