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Plancia ëd Microcebus berthae Rasoloarison, Goodman & Ganzhorn 2000
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Microcebus berthae Rasoloarison, Goodman & Ganzhorn 2000

Biology ( Anglèis )

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A nocturnal, solitary forager, Madame Berthe's mouse lemur is an agile mover through the trees and low-level vegetation, searching for insects, fruit and small reptiles such as geckoes and chameleons (3) (6) (7). While the diet of this species is extremely varied, its major food source is the sugary secretion, or “honeydew”, produced by the larvae of the insect species, Flatida coccinea (5) (6) (7). At dawn, Madame Berthe's mouse lemur conceals itself amongst vegetation, often in a tangle of vines, where it may be accompanied by other individuals of the same species (8) (9). Interestingly, during the cooler, dry winter months, Madame Berthe's mouse lemur undergoes a daily period of torpor, lowering its metabolic rate for a few hours, which causes its body temperature to drop to ambient levels, thereby conserving water and energy (3) (5). Madame Berthe's mouse lemur is heavily preyed upon by owls, civets, mongooses, snakes and even other lemurs (5) (6). Mating occurs in November (9), with the young born, after a gestation period of around two months (5) in January (9).
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Conservation ( Anglèis )

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While there are no known conservation measures specifically directed towards Madame Berthe's mouse lemur, a 1,000 square kilometre Central Menabe Conservation Site has been proposed, which will encompass this species' entire range. Furthermore, the Kirindy Forest, where this species is particularly abundant, will be classified as a strict conservation zone, providing the highest levels of protection from habitat exploitation and hopefully halting this remarkable species' decline (1).
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Description ( Anglèis )

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Described as a new species in 2000, the tiny Madame Berthe's mouse lemur is believed to be the world's smallest living primate (1) (3). This species has extremely large, forward-facing eyes, which have a shiny layer behind the retina that reflects light back through the eye, dramatically improving night-vision (5). The fur is reddish-brown on the upperside with a darker stripe running down the midline of the back from the shoulders to the tail while, in contrast, the fur on the underparts is creamy or pale grey. The head of this species is distinctively marked with a dull white patch above the nose and cinnamon rings around the eyes (3). Like other mouse lemurs, Madame Berthe's mouse lemur has a long tail, relatively large ears and bare digits (3) (5).
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Habitat ( Anglèis )

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Madame Berthe's mouse lemur inhabits lowland, dry, deciduous forest between sea-level and elevations of 150 metres (3).
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Range ( Anglèis )

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Endemic to Madagascar, Madame Berthe's mouse lemur is restricted to the Menabe region in the south-west of the island, south of Tsiribihina River, in an area that probably covers no more than 900 square kilometres (1) (3), where it co-occurs with the much wider distributed grey mouse lemur (6).
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Status ( Anglèis )

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Classified as Endangered (EN) on the IUCN Red List (1) and listed on Appendix I of CITES (4).
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Threats ( Anglèis )

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Like many Madagascan species, Madame Berthe's mouse lemur is threatened by habitat loss due to illegal logging and slash-and-burn agriculture (1). With its highly restricted range and a global population estimated to be no more than 8,000 mature individuals, this species faces an uncertain future (3).
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Lèmur ratolí de Madame Berthe ( Catalan; Valensian )

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El lèmur ratolí de Madame Berthe (Microcebus berthae) és una espècie de primat endèmica de Madagascar, on viu al bosc de Kirindy, a l'oest de l'illa. Aquest lèmur té el pèl curt però espès. El dors és taronja i té una ratlla beix. Els flancs, les potes i la cua són blanquinosos, amb una capa de pèl inferior negra o grisosa. Al voltant dels ulls, té un anell prim de pèls negres que s'estén a banda i banda del musell fins al nas.

És el primat més petit conegut.[1]

Referències

 src= A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Lèmur ratolí de Madame Berthe Modifica l'enllaç a Wikidata


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Lèmur ratolí de Madame Berthe: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valensian )

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El lèmur ratolí de Madame Berthe (Microcebus berthae) és una espècie de primat endèmica de Madagascar, on viu al bosc de Kirindy, a l'oest de l'illa. Aquest lèmur té el pèl curt però espès. El dors és taronja i té una ratlla beix. Els flancs, les potes i la cua són blanquinosos, amb una capa de pèl inferior negra o grisosa. Al voltant dels ulls, té un anell prim de pèls negres que s'estén a banda i banda del musell fins al nas.

És el primat més petit conegut.

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Berthe-Mausmaki ( Alman )

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Der Berthe-Mausmaki, auch (Madame) Berthes Mausmaki, (Microcebus berthae) ist eine auf Madagaskar lebende Primatenart aus der Gattung der Mausmakis innerhalb der Gruppe der Lemuren. Er ist der kleinste bekannte Primat. Das Artepitheton ehrt die madagassische Anthropologin Berthe Rakotosamimanana.

Merkmale

Berthe-Mausmakis erreichen eine Kopfrumpflänge von 9 bis 9,5 Zentimetern, wozu noch ein 13 bis 14 Zentimeter langer Schwanz kommt. Das Gewicht beträgt 24 bis 38 Gramm. Ihr Fell ist kurz und dicht, es ist an der Oberseite rötlichbraun und an der Unterseite gelblich-weiß gefärbt. Der Schwanz ist ebenfalls rötlichbraun, er ist vergleichsweise lang und dichter behaart als bei anderen Mausmakis. Der Kopf ist rundlich, er ist orange und sichtbar heller als der Rumpf. Die Schnauze ist kurz, die Ohren sind groß. Zwischen den ebenfalls großen Augen befindet sich ein weißlicher Fleck.

Verbreitung und Lebensraum

 src=
Verbreitungsgebiet (rot) des Berthe-Mausmakis auf Madagaskar

Berthe-Mausmakis sind bislang nur aus dem Kirindy-Wald und angrenzenden Gebieten an der Westküste Madagaskars bekannt. Wie weit ihr tatsächliches Verbreitungsgebiet reicht, ist nicht bekannt. Ihr Lebensraum sind trockene Laubwälder.

Lebensweise

Diese Mausmakis sind nachtaktiv und halten sich meist in den Bäumen auf. Tagsüber schlafen sie in Blätternestern, die in Lianen und anderen hängende Pflanzen befestigt sind. Sie bewohnen Reviere von rund 1,2 Hektar Größe, die Territorien der Männchen sind aber größer als die der Weibchen. Die Reviere überlappen sich, die Tiere gehen aber einzelgängerisch auf Nahrungssuche.

Berthe-Mausmakis sind vermutlich Allesfresser, die neben Früchten und anderem pflanzlichen Material auch Insekten zu sich nehmen. Um Energie zu sparen, fallen sie täglich, aber nicht sehr lange, in einen Torpor (Starrezustand).

Gefährdung

Berthe-Mausmakis kommen teilweise in großer Dichte vor, stellenweise teilen sich bis zu 100 Tiere einen Quadratkilometer. Ihr Verbreitungsgebiet ist allerdings klein – vielleicht nicht mehr als 900 km² – und zerstückelt. Die IUCN listet die Art als „vom Aussterben bedroht“ (critically endangered).

Literatur

Weblinks

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Berthe-Mausmaki: Brief Summary ( Alman )

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Der Berthe-Mausmaki, auch (Madame) Berthes Mausmaki, (Microcebus berthae) ist eine auf Madagaskar lebende Primatenart aus der Gattung der Mausmakis innerhalb der Gruppe der Lemuren. Er ist der kleinste bekannte Primat. Das Artepitheton ehrt die madagassische Anthropologin Berthe Rakotosamimanana.

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Μικροκήβος της Βέρθας ( Grech modern (1453-) )

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Το είδος Microcebus berthae (Μικροκήβος της Βέρθας) γνωστό και ως λεμούριος ποντικός της Μαντάμ Μπερτ (Madame Berthe's Mouse Lemur) είναι ο μικρότερος λεμούριος ποντικός και το μικρότερο πρωτεύον του κόσμου, με μέσο μήκος σώματος 92 mm και βάρος περίπου 30 g.[3] Βρίσκεται στο Εθνικό Πάρκο Kirindy Mitea στη δυτική Μαδαγασκάρη.[4] Το είδος έχει χαρακτηριστεί ως Κινδυνεύον από την IUCN, καθώς έχει μικρή κατανομή η οποία εξακολουθεί να περιορίζεται σε συνδυασμό με την υποβαθμιζόμενη φυσική του κατοικία.[2]

Παραπομπές

  1. Groves, C. (2005). Wilson, D. E., & Reeder, D. M, eds, επιμ. Mammal Species of the World (3η έκδοση). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. σελ. 111. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.CS1 maint: Πολλαπλές ονομασίες: editors list (link) CS1 maint: Extra text: editors list (link)
  2. 2,0 2,1 Andrainarivo, C., Andriaholinirina, V. N., Feistner, A., Felix, T., Ganzhorn, J., Garbutt, N., Golden, C., Konstant, B., Louis Jr., E., Meyers, D., Mittermeier, R. A., Perieras, A., Princee, F., Rabarivola, J. C., Rakotosamimanana, B., Rasamimanana, H., Ratsimbazafy, J., Raveloarinoro, G., Razafimanantsoa, A., Rumpler, Y., Schwitzer, C., Thalmann, U., Wilmé, L. & Wright, P. (2008). Microcebus berthae. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2008. Ανακτήθηκε 1 January 2009.
  3. Gron KJ. 2009 February 11. Primate Factsheets: Mouse lemur (Microcebus) Taxonomy, Morphology, & Ecology . Accessed 2009 August
  4. Mittermeier, R.A. (2006). Lemurs of Madagascar (2nd Edition έκδοση). Conservation International. σελ. 104–107. ISBN 1-881173-88-7. Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (βοήθεια)CS1 maint: Extra text (link)

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Μικροκήβος της Βέρθας: Brief Summary ( Grech modern (1453-) )

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Το είδος Microcebus berthae (Μικροκήβος της Βέρθας) γνωστό και ως λεμούριος ποντικός της Μαντάμ Μπερτ (Madame Berthe's Mouse Lemur) είναι ο μικρότερος λεμούριος ποντικός και το μικρότερο πρωτεύον του κόσμου, με μέσο μήκος σώματος 92 mm και βάρος περίπου 30 g. Βρίσκεται στο Εθνικό Πάρκο Kirindy Mitea στη δυτική Μαδαγασκάρη. Το είδος έχει χαρακτηριστεί ως Κινδυνεύον από την IUCN, καθώς έχει μικρή κατανομή η οποία εξακολουθεί να περιορίζεται σε συνδυασμό με την υποβαθμιζόμενη φυσική του κατοικία.

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Madame Berthe's mouse lemur ( Anglèis )

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Madame Berthe's mouse lemur (Microcebus berthae) or Berthe's mouse lemur is the smallest of the mouse lemurs and the smallest primate in the world; the average body length is 9.2 cm (3.6 in) and seasonal weight is around 30 g (1.1 oz).[4] Microcebus berthae is one of many species of Malagasy lemurs that came about through extensive speciation, caused by unknown environmental mechanisms and conditions.[5]

This primate is found chiefly in the Kirindy Forest in western Madagascar.[6] After its discovery in 1992 in the dry deciduous forest of western Madagascar, it was initially thought to represent a rediscovery of M. myoxinus, but comparative morphometric and genetic studies revealed its status as a new species, M. berthae.[7]

This lemur is named after the conservationist and primatologist Berthe Rakotosamimanana of Madagascar, who was the Secretary General of the Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherche des Primates (GERP) from its founding until her death in 2005.[8]

Physical description

Microcebus berthae has short, dense dorsal pelage that is bicolored cinnamon and yellow ochre. The middorsal stripe is tawny in color. The midventral area of this species is chamois in color while the flanks are a mixture of pale chamois and light pale neutral gray. The dorsal and ventral underfur is neutral blackish neutral gray in color. The tail has short hair that is tawny. The crown and ears are also tawny in color. The orbits are surrounded by a narrow dark band. The area between the eyes is cinnamon in color. The hands and feet are dull beige.

Distribution and habitat

Madame Berthe's mouse lemur is known to live in Kirindy Forest in Madagascar. It is now likely extirpated from the Andranomena Special Reserve and the Analabe private reserve.[1] Madame Berthe's mouse lemurs use the tangles of tree vines to sleep in. Because of its limited spread, it is thought that they are specialist creatures that will live only in that one specific environment. Another idea suggests that they most likely compete with the gray mouse lemur (M. murinus), chiefly for resources.

Because of the high rate of deforestation in the surrounding Menabe forests (52%) between 1985 and 2000, less than 22,000 hectares (54,000 acres) of inhabitable forests remained between Kirindy Park, the Tsiribihina River, and the Reserve. Given that this lemur occurs at 0.36 lemurs per ha, it is estimated that about 7,920 mouse lemurs were left in the area in the year 2000. With deforestation continuing to occur on the island nation, the species is listed as critically endangered, at best.

Behavior

Microcebus berthae are typically solitary foragers, but are not without social interaction with other members of their species. About half the time, they sleep alone. Otherwise, they can be found sleeping next to one or more lemurs, with no preference or prejudice to close relatives or members of the opposite sex. Be it alone or in a group, Microcebus berthae tend to sleep in leaf nests in trees, or without a nest, in hole-like structures. On occasion, the paths of two members of the species may cross, leading to different kinds of social encounters. Some encounters involve bouts of mutual grooming, sex, or huddling (an activity which can last up to 23 minutes). Other meet-ups between lemurs might include chasing, biting and grabbing. Overall, male-male and female-female interactions do not differ qualitatively. Unlike other species of lemur, Microcebus berthae do not hibernate during the cold-dry season, instead compensating for food scarcity with a larger than average home range.[9]

In a population of Microcebus berthae, males significantly outnumber females. Despite there being no sexual dimorphism in skull length, canine height, or tail length, the average female is larger than the average male in head-body length and head width. Average body mass, while relatively equal during mating season, becomes smaller for males in the duration of time excluding mating season. Males have a home range of about 4.92 hectares (12.2 acres), while females have a home range of about 2.50 hectares (6.2 acres). Females tend to remain in a home range that is close to, or includes their place of birth. This is the opposite of males, who tend to disperse from their place of birth. The home ranges of individual lemurs tend to overlap with each other, with female home ranges overlapping with that of one or two other females, and male home ranges overlapping with that of up to nine other males.[9]

Social systems of M. berthae are more similar to the gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus) than the fat-tailed dwarf lemur (Cheirogaleus medius), i.e. Madame Berthe's mouse lemur is sexually promiscuous rather than monogamous. The range in distance of males is larger than that of the females in both Microcebus species, both before and after mating seasons. Research has also been conducted on the distribution of sleeping sites, as well as on testes size and the presence of vaginal plugs. Study of capture rates and physiological proof reveals no evidence that M. berthae has a hibernation season, which increases the chances of sexual activity within the species.[10]

Ecology

Mouse lemurs are considered to be a cryptic species complex. The species-rich mouse lemur genus Microcebus is distributed over nearly all remaining forest areas of Madagascar with a high variability in species distribution patterns and are very similar morphologically. They are so similar that the gray mouse lemur was considered the only mouse lemur until recent studies proved it to be otherwise. Along with other morphological similarities, the Madame Berthe's mouse lemur and the gray mouse lemur share a similar diet (both containing the same food groups but in different proportions) and live in the same region of western Madagascar. Both of these Microcebus species have an omnivorous diet, and used the same food sources, including sugary homopteran secretions, fruit, flowers, gum, arthropods and small vertebrates (e.g. geckos, chameleons). Because of their recent common ancestry, closely related species ought to exhibit high similarities in their use of biotic and abiotic resources, susceptibility to predators and responses to disturbances and stress. However, despite the overlapping niches, studies have shown that the territories of the two mouse lemur species have very little to no overlap. The Madame Berthe's mouse lemur population is sparse and spread out over a more widespread area; while the gray mouse lemurs had a much denser population in a smaller area.[7]

The reason for the mouse lemur species' mutual avoidance is not yet clearly known. The gray mouse lemur has several competitive advantages over Madame Berthe's mouse lemur. It is about twice as large as Madame Berthe's mouse lemur. It also has the advantages of being a generalist, and having fewer deaths by predation, with 70% predation mortality for Madame Berthe's mouse lemur, vs. 50% predation mortality for the gray mouse lemur. The areas used exclusively by each species share structural characteristics and food sources. Gray mouse lemurs are able to live in more types of vegetation than Madame Berthe's mouse lemur yet have smaller, denser territories. This suggests that their avoidance does not stem from environmental differences, but rather by competitive coexistence.[7]

Diet

Madame Berthe's mouse lemur shares its niche with the sympatric gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus). Both lemurs feeding ecology suggests that there is a coexistence behavior between the two lemur species. Both species are found in western Madagascar's highly seasonal dry deciduous forest. Madame Berthe's mouse lemur has a very narrow feeding niche unlike the sympatric gray mouse lemur which has a much broader niche. The feeding ecology and the types of food available depend on the type of season in the niche of Microcebus berthae and Microcebus murinus. During the wet, rainy season, more unripe fruit is available which decreases its abundance in the dry season. However, ripe fruit are available all year round with maximum abundance in the dry season. As a food source, flying insects are available in both seasons, but are abundant in the wet season.[11]

Madame Berthe's mouse lemur is an omnivore and mainly feeds on fruits and flowers of different tree and shrub species, insect secretions, gum, arthropods and small vertebrates like geckos and chameleons. Compared to the dry and the wet season of Madame Berthe's mouse lemur's niche, it spends more time feeding in the dry season while the wet season is used for mating. Compared to the sympatric gray mouse lemur, Madame Berthe's mouse lemur eats mainly insects, and fruit only occasionally. Similar to the sympatric gray mouse lemur, Madame Berthe's mouse lemur is able to adapt to the fluctuation of resources. There is a high overlap in the feeding niche of both lemurs suggesting that they avoid competition by mutually excluding each other on a small scale.[11]

Status

As of December 2019, Madame Berthe's mouse lemur is rated critically endangered by the IUCN Red List. The main threat to this species is deforestation and habitat degradation from Slash-and-burn agriculture, illegal logging and charcoal production. The Menabe-Antimena Protected Area has been established to protect the Kirindy Forest and the surrounding areas. However, this has been poorly enforced and deforestation proceeds unhindered. If the deforestation continues at the current rate, it is estimated that Madame Berthe's mouse lemur will become extinct within 10 years. As of 2019, there are no Madame Berthe's mouse lemurs being kept in captivity.[1]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d Markolf, M.; Schäffler, L.; Kappeler, P. (2020). "Microcebus berthae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T41573A115579496. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T41573A115579496.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  2. ^ "Checklist of CITES Species". CITES. UNEP-WCMC. Retrieved 18 March 2015.
  3. ^ Groves, C. P. (2005). Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. OCLC 62265494.
  4. ^ Gron KJ. (11 February 2009). Primate Factsheets: Mouse lemur (Microcebus) Taxonomy, Morphology, & Ecology . Accessed 2009 August
  5. ^ Rakotondranary, S. J.; Hapke, A.; Ganzhorn, J. R. U. (2011). "Distribution and Morphological Variation of Microcebus spp. Along an Environmental Gradient in Southeastern Madagascar". International Journal of Primatology. 32 (5): 1037. doi:10.1007/s10764-011-9521-z. S2CID 23268852.
  6. ^ Mittermeier, R.A.; et al. (2006). Lemurs of Madagascar (2nd ed.). Conservation International. pp. 104–107. ISBN 978-1-881173-88-5.
  7. ^ a b c Dammhahn, M; Kappeler, P. M. (2008). "Small-scale coexistence of two mouse lemur species (Microcebus berthae and M. Murinus) within a homogeneous competitive environment". Oecologia. 157 (3): 473–83. Bibcode:2008Oecol.157..473D. doi:10.1007/s00442-008-1079-x. PMC 2515545. PMID 18574599.
  8. ^ Gould, Lisa; Michelle Sauther (2006). Lemurs: Ecology and Adaptation (1st ed.). University of Chicago. p. 35. ISBN 978-0-387-34586-4.
  9. ^ a b Dammhahn, M.; Kappeler, P. M. (2005). "Social System of Microcebus berthae, the World's Smallest Primate". International Journal of Primatology. 26 (2): 407. doi:10.1007/s10764-005-2931-z. S2CID 22064830.
  10. ^ Schwab, D.; Ganzhorn, J. R. U. (2004). "Distribution, Population Structure and Habitat Use of Microcebus berthae Compared to Those of Other Sympatric Cheirogalids". International Journal of Primatology. 25 (2): 307. doi:10.1023/B:IJOP.0000019154.17401.90. S2CID 41872248.
  11. ^ a b Dammhahn, M.; Kappeler, P. M. (2008). "Comparative Feeding Ecology of Sympatric Microcebus berthae and M. Murinus". International Journal of Primatology. 29 (6): 1567. doi:10.1007/s10764-008-9312-3. S2CID 37601666.

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Madame Berthe's mouse lemur: Brief Summary ( Anglèis )

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Madame Berthe's mouse lemur (Microcebus berthae) or Berthe's mouse lemur is the smallest of the mouse lemurs and the smallest primate in the world; the average body length is 9.2 cm (3.6 in) and seasonal weight is around 30 g (1.1 oz). Microcebus berthae is one of many species of Malagasy lemurs that came about through extensive speciation, caused by unknown environmental mechanisms and conditions.

This primate is found chiefly in the Kirindy Forest in western Madagascar. After its discovery in 1992 in the dry deciduous forest of western Madagascar, it was initially thought to represent a rediscovery of M. myoxinus, but comparative morphometric and genetic studies revealed its status as a new species, M. berthae.

This lemur is named after the conservationist and primatologist Berthe Rakotosamimanana of Madagascar, who was the Secretary General of the Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherche des Primates (GERP) from its founding until her death in 2005.

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Berta muslemuro ( Esperant )

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Berta muslemuroBerta mikrocebo (Microcebus berthae) estas la plej malgranda el la muslemuroj aŭ mikroceboj kj la plej malgranda primato en la mondo; la averaĝa korpolongo estas 92 mm kaj sezona pezo estas ĉirkaŭ 30 g.[1] Microcebus berthae estas unu el multaj specioj de lemuroj el Madagaskaro kiu trapasis tra etenda procezo de speciigo, kaŭzita de nekonataj mediaj mekanismoj kaj vivkondiĉoj.[2] Tiu primato troviĝas ĉefe en la arbaro Kirindy de okcidenta Madagaskaro.[3] Post ties malkovro por la sciecno en 1992 en la seka decidua arbaro de okcidenta Madagaskaro, ĝi estis dekomence miskomprenita kiel reprezentanto de remalkovro de Microcebus myoxinus, sed komparaj morfometriaj kaj genetikaj studoj montris ties statuson kiel nova specio, M. berthae.[4]

Tiu lemuro ricevis sian nomon laŭ la konservisto kaj primatologino Prof. Drino. Madame Berthe Rakotosamimanana de Madagaskaro, nome Ĝenerala Sekretariino de Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherche des Primates (GERP) el ties fondo ĝis sia morto en 2005.[5]

Notoj

  1. Gron KJ. 11a de februaro de 2009. Primate Factsheets: Mouse lemur (Microcebus) Taxonomy, Morphology, & Ecology. Alirita en aŭgusto de 2009
  2. Rakotondranary, S., Andreas Hapke, kaj Jörg Ganzhorn. "Distribution And Morphological Variation Of Microcebus Spp. Along An Environmental Gradient In Southeastern Madagascar." International Journal Of Primatology 32.5 (2011): 1037-1057. Academic Search Premier. Web. 25a Okt. 2012.
  3. Mittermeier, R.A.. (2006) Lemurs of Madagascar, 2‑a eldono, Conservation International, p. 104–107. ISBN 1-881173-88-7.
  4. Dammhahn, Melanie, kaj Peter M. Kappeler. (2008). "Small-scale coexistence of two mouse lemur species (Microcebus berthae and M. murinus) within a homogeneous competitive environment." Oecologia, vol157(3), pp. 473-483.
  5. Gould, Lisa. (2006) Lemurs: Ecology and Adaptation, 1‑a eldono, University of Chicago, p. 35. ISBN 0-387-34586-8.
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Berta muslemuro: Brief Summary ( Esperant )

fornì da wikipedia EO

Berta muslemuro aŭ Berta mikrocebo (Microcebus berthae) estas la plej malgranda el la muslemuroj aŭ mikroceboj kj la plej malgranda primato en la mondo; la averaĝa korpolongo estas 92 mm kaj sezona pezo estas ĉirkaŭ 30 g. Microcebus berthae estas unu el multaj specioj de lemuroj el Madagaskaro kiu trapasis tra etenda procezo de speciigo, kaŭzita de nekonataj mediaj mekanismoj kaj vivkondiĉoj. Tiu primato troviĝas ĉefe en la arbaro Kirindy de okcidenta Madagaskaro. Post ties malkovro por la sciecno en 1992 en la seka decidua arbaro de okcidenta Madagaskaro, ĝi estis dekomence miskomprenita kiel reprezentanto de remalkovro de Microcebus myoxinus, sed komparaj morfometriaj kaj genetikaj studoj montris ties statuson kiel nova specio, M. berthae.

Tiu lemuro ricevis sian nomon laŭ la konservisto kaj primatologino Prof. Drino. Madame Berthe Rakotosamimanana de Madagaskaro, nome Ĝenerala Sekretariino de Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherche des Primates (GERP) el ties fondo ĝis sia morto en 2005.

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Microcebus berthae ( Spagneul; Castilian )

fornì da wikipedia ES

El lémur ratón de Berthe (Microcebus berthae) es una especie de primate estrepsirrino, el más pequeño de los lémures ratón y el primate más pequeño del mundo, con una longitud corporal, sin incluir la cola, cercana a los 10 cm y un peso de 30 g.[3][4]​ Habita en el parque nacional Kirindy Mitea al occidente de Madagascar.[5]​ Se incluye en la lista de Los 25 primates en mayor peligro de extinción del mundo.[6]

Microcebus berthae tiene un pelaje dorsal denso y corto de color canela y amarillo ocre. La línea dorsal media es de color leonado. El centro del vientre de esta especie es de color canela mientras los flancos tienen una mezcla de canela y gris pálidos. La capa profunda de pelo tiene un color negruzco o gris. La cola de la especie tiene un pelaje corto de color leonado. La coronilla y orejas son también de color leonado. Las órbitas están rodeadas por una banda negra angosta. El espacio interocular es de color canela; las manos y los pies son de color beige.

Referencias

  1. Groves, Colin (2005). Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M., eds. Mammal Species of the World (3ª edición). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-8018-8221-4.
  2. Andriaholinirina, N. et al. (2014). «Microcebus berthae». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2015.4 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 25 de noviembre de 2015.
  3. Gron KJ. 2009 February 11. Primate Factsheets: Mouse lemur (Microcebus) Taxonomy, Morphology, & Ecology. Consultada el 23 de septiembre de 2013
  4. «Madame Berthe's mouse lemur». BBC - Nature Wildlife (en inglés). 2012. Consultado el 23 de septiembre de 2012.
  5. Mittermeier, R.A.; et al. (2006). Lemurs of Madagascar (2nd Edition edición). Conservation International. pp. 104-107. ISBN 1-881173-88-7.
  6. Schwitzer, C., Mittermeier, R.A., Rylands, A.B., Taylor, L.A., Chiozza, F., Williamson, E.A., Wallis, J. and Clark, F.E. (eds.) (2012). Primates in Peril: The World's 25 Most Endangered Primates 2012-2014 (PDF) (en inglés). IUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group (PSG), International Primatological Society (IPS), Conservation International (CI) y Bristol Zoological Society (BZS). pp. 1-91.

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Microcebus berthae: Brief Summary ( Spagneul; Castilian )

fornì da wikipedia ES

El lémur ratón de Berthe (Microcebus berthae) es una especie de primate estrepsirrino, el más pequeño de los lémures ratón y el primate más pequeño del mundo, con una longitud corporal, sin incluir la cola, cercana a los 10 cm y un peso de 30 g.​​ Habita en el parque nacional Kirindy Mitea al occidente de Madagascar.​ Se incluye en la lista de Los 25 primates en mayor peligro de extinción del mundo.​

Microcebus berthae tiene un pelaje dorsal denso y corto de color canela y amarillo ocre. La línea dorsal media es de color leonado. El centro del vientre de esta especie es de color canela mientras los flancos tienen una mezcla de canela y gris pálidos. La capa profunda de pelo tiene un color negruzco o gris. La cola de la especie tiene un pelaje corto de color leonado. La coronilla y orejas son también de color leonado. Las órbitas están rodeadas por una banda negra angosta. El espacio interocular es de color canela; las manos y los pies son de color beige.

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Microcebus berthae ( Basch )

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Microcebus berthae Microcebus familiako espezieetako bat da. Madagaskarren bakarrik bizi dira, Kirindy Basoan. Kolore arrea dute bizkarrean eta txuria sabelaldean.

Erreferentziak

Ikus, gainera


Biologia Artikulu hau biologiari buruzko zirriborroa da. Wikipedia lagun dezakezu edukia osatuz.
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Microcebus berthae: Brief Summary ( Basch )

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Microcebus berthae Microcebus familiako espezieetako bat da. Madagaskarren bakarrik bizi dira, Kirindy Basoan. Kolore arrea dute bizkarrean eta txuria sabelaldean.

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Microcebus berthae ( Finlandèis )

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Microcebus berthae on hiirimakeista pienikokoisin ja maailman pienin kädellinen. Aikuinen maki on häntä mukaan luettuna noin yhdeksän senttimetriä pitkä ja painaa 30 grammaa. Aiemmin niitä luultiin suurempien lajien poikasiksi.[2] Muiden puoliapinoiden tapaan sillä on suuret silmät. Väritykseltään se on punertavan ruskea.[3] Eläin on nimetty madagaskarilaisen eläintieteilijän Madame Berthen mukaan.[2] Näitä pieniä nisäkkäitä asuu vain pienellä alueella läntisessä Madagaskarissa, 5 000 km2 alueella. Lajin pahimpana uhkana on laiton metsätalous ja kaskeaminen.[1] Nämä pienet yöeläimet liikkuvat helposti metsässä ja pensaikossa ja etsivät ruoakseen hedelmiä, hyönteisiä ja pieniä liskoja. Vaikka ne syövät monenlaista, tärkein ravinnonlähde on erään hyönteislajin erittämä mesikaste. Niitä puolestaan metsästävät esimerkiksi suuremmat puoliapinat, mangustit, sivettikissat, pöllöt ja käärmeet.

Talviaikaan nämä pikku kädelliset hidastavat elintoimintojaan osaksi vuorokautta ja vajoavat eräänlaiseen hetkelliseen horrokseen, jolloin niiden ruumiinlämpö laskee lähelle ympäristön lämpötilaa. Näin ne säästävät vettä ja energiaa.[4]

Lähteet

  1. a b Andriaholinirina, N., Baden, A., Blanco, M., Chikhi, L., Cooke, A., Davies, N., Dolch, R., Donati, G., Ganzhorn, J., Golden, C., Groeneveld, L.F., Hapke, A., Irwin, M., Johnson, S., Kappeler, P., King, T., Lewis, R., Louis, E.E., Markolf, M., Mass, V., Mittermeier, R.A., Nichols, R., Patel, E., Rabarivola, C.J., Raharivololona, B., Rajaobelina, S., Rakotoarisoa, G., Rakotomanga, B., Rakotonanahary, J., Rakotondrainibe, H., Rakotondratsimba, G., Rakotondratsimba, M., Rakotonirina, L., Ralainasolo, F.B., Ralison, J., Ramahaleo, T., Ranaivoarisoa, J.F., Randrianahaleo, S.I., Randrianambinina, B., Randrianarimanana, L., Randrianasolo, H., Randriatahina, G., Rasamimananana, H., Rasolofoharivelo, T., Rasoloharijaona, S., Ratelolahy, F., Ratsimbazafy, J., Ratsimbazafy, N., Razafindraibe, H., Razafindramanana, J., Rowe, N., Salmona, J., Seiler, M., Volampeno, S., Wright, P., Youssouf, J., Zaonarivelo, J. & Zaramody, A.: Microcebus berthae IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.1. 2014. International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN, Iucnredlist.org. Viitattu 9.7.2014. (englanniksi)
  2. a b BBC: Last Chance to See: Ai-ai, 2009.
  3. Primate Info: Microcebus
  4. Encyclopedia of Life
Tämä nisäkkäisiin liittyvä artikkeli on tynkä. Voit auttaa Wikipediaa laajentamalla artikkelia.
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Microcebus berthae: Brief Summary ( Finlandèis )

fornì da wikipedia FI

Microcebus berthae on hiirimakeista pienikokoisin ja maailman pienin kädellinen. Aikuinen maki on häntä mukaan luettuna noin yhdeksän senttimetriä pitkä ja painaa 30 grammaa. Aiemmin niitä luultiin suurempien lajien poikasiksi. Muiden puoliapinoiden tapaan sillä on suuret silmät. Väritykseltään se on punertavan ruskea. Eläin on nimetty madagaskarilaisen eläintieteilijän Madame Berthen mukaan. Näitä pieniä nisäkkäitä asuu vain pienellä alueella läntisessä Madagaskarissa, 5 000 km2 alueella. Lajin pahimpana uhkana on laiton metsätalous ja kaskeaminen. Nämä pienet yöeläimet liikkuvat helposti metsässä ja pensaikossa ja etsivät ruoakseen hedelmiä, hyönteisiä ja pieniä liskoja. Vaikka ne syövät monenlaista, tärkein ravinnonlähde on erään hyönteislajin erittämä mesikaste. Niitä puolestaan metsästävät esimerkiksi suuremmat puoliapinat, mangustit, sivettikissat, pöllöt ja käärmeet.

Talviaikaan nämä pikku kädelliset hidastavat elintoimintojaan osaksi vuorokautta ja vajoavat eräänlaiseen hetkelliseen horrokseen, jolloin niiden ruumiinlämpö laskee lähelle ympäristön lämpötilaa. Näin ne säästävät vettä ja energiaa.

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Microcèbe de Mme Berthe ( Fransèis )

fornì da wikipedia FR

Microcebus berthae

Le Microcèbe de Mme Berthe (Microcebus berthae) est un lémurien de la famille des Cheirogaleidae. C'est la plus petite des espèces de lémuriens et la plus petite des espèces de primates au monde. Ce lémurien doit son nom à la conservationniste et primatologue Berthe Rakotosamimanana, secrétaire générale du Groupe d'étude et de recherche sur les primates de Madagascar (GERP) depuis sa création jusqu'à sa mort en 2005[1].

Description

La longueur moyenne de son corps est de 9,2 cm et son poids, variable suivant les saisons, se situe aux environs de 30,6 g[2].

Il a un pelage dorsal court, dense et bicolore: cannelle et ocre jaune avec une rayure médiodorsale fauve. Le ventre est couleur chamois tandis que les flancs sont un mélange de chamois pâle et de gris. Le duvet dorsal et ventral est gris foncé. La queue de cette espèce a des poils courts et fauve. Le sommet de la tête et les oreilles sont fauves. Les yeux sont cerclés d'une bande étroite et foncée. L'intervalle entre les yeux est cannelle. Les mains et les pieds sont beige.

Répartition et habitat

 src=
Répartition géographique

On le trouve dans le Parc national de Kirindy Mitea dans l'Ouest de Madagascar[3].

Il vit dans la forêt tropicale sèche décidue[4].

Menaces et conservation

Cette espèce est incluse depuis 2012 dans la liste des 25 espèces de primates les plus menacées au monde[5].

Publication originale

  • Rasoloarison, Goodman & Ganzhorn 2000 : Taxonomic revision of mouse lemurs (Microcebus) in the western portions of Madagascar. International Journal of Primatology, vol. 21, n. 6, p. 963-1019.

Références

  • (en) Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé .
  1. Lisa Gould et Michelle Sauther, Lemurs : Ecology and Adaptation, University of Chicago, 2006, 1re éd. (ISBN 0-387-34586-8), p. 35
  2. KJ. Gron (11 février 2009). Primate Factsheets: Mouse lemur (Microcebus) Taxonomy, Morphology, & Ecology.
  3. R.A. Mittermeier et al., Lemurs of Madagascar, Conservation International, 2006, 2e éd. (ISBN 1-881173-88-7), p. 104–107
  4. (en) Référence UICN : espèce Microcebus berthae Rasoloarison, Goodman & Ganzhorn, 2000
  5. (en) R. A. Mittermeier, C. Schwitzer, A. B. Rylands, L. A. Taylor, F. Chiozza, E. A. Williamson et J. Wallis (ill. S. D. Nash), Primates in Peril : The World's 25 Most Endangered Primates 2012–2014, Arlington (VA), IUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group (PSG), International Primatological Society (IPS), Conservation International (CI) et Bristol Conservation and Science Foundation (BCSF), 2012, 91 p., PDF (lire en ligne)

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Microcèbe de Mme Berthe: Brief Summary ( Fransèis )

fornì da wikipedia FR

Microcebus berthae

Le Microcèbe de Mme Berthe (Microcebus berthae) est un lémurien de la famille des Cheirogaleidae. C'est la plus petite des espèces de lémuriens et la plus petite des espèces de primates au monde. Ce lémurien doit son nom à la conservationniste et primatologue Berthe Rakotosamimanana, secrétaire générale du Groupe d'étude et de recherche sur les primates de Madagascar (GERP) depuis sa création jusqu'à sa mort en 2005.

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Lemur tikus Madame Berthe ( Indonesian )

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Lemur tikus Madame Berthe (Microcebus berthae) atau lemur tikus Berthe adalah lemur tikus terkenal dan primata terkecil di dunia; panjang tubuhnya rata-rata 9,2 cm ([convert: unknown unit]) dan memiliki berat musiman sekitar 30 g (1,1 oz).[1] Primata tersebut biasanya ditemukan di Hutan Kirindy, barat Madagaskar.[2]

Referensi

  1. ^ Gron KJ. (11 February 2009). Primate Factsheets: Mouse lemur (Microcebus) Taxonomy, Morphology, & Ecology . Accessed 2009 August
  2. ^ Mittermeier, R.A.; et al. (2006). Lemurs of Madagascar (edisi ke-2nd). Conservation International. hlm. 104–107. ISBN 1-881173-88-7.

Pranala luar

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Lemur tikus Madame Berthe: Brief Summary ( Indonesian )

fornì da wikipedia ID

Lemur tikus Madame Berthe (Microcebus berthae) atau lemur tikus Berthe adalah lemur tikus terkenal dan primata terkecil di dunia; panjang tubuhnya rata-rata 9,2 cm ([convert: unknown unit]) dan memiliki berat musiman sekitar 30 g (1,1 oz). Primata tersebut biasanya ditemukan di Hutan Kirindy, barat Madagaskar.

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Microcebus berthae ( Italian )

fornì da wikipedia IT

Il microcebo di Madame Berthe (Microcebus berthae) è una specie di lemure endemica del Madagascar, dove la sua diffusione rimane circoscritta alla foresta di Kirindy nella parte occidentale dell'isola.[2]

È una delle molte specie di lemuri malgasci originatesi da un vasto processo di speciazione le cui origini e cause non sono ancora pienamente comprese.[3]

Denominazione

La denominazione della specie, appartenente al genere Microcebus, è stata data in onore della ricercatrice Berthe Rakotosamimanana originaria del Madagascar, che è stata Segretaria Generale del Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherche des Primates (GERP) dalla fondazione fino alla sua morte avvenuta nel 2005.[4]

Descrizione

Le sue ridotte dimensioni (9,2 cm di lunghezza e un peso attorno ai 60 g) lo rendono il più piccolo dei lemuri e dei primati,[5]

Fu scoperto nel 1992 nella foresta decidua di Kirindy, posta nella parte occidentale del Madagascar,[2] e inizialmente fu considerato una riscoperta del Microcebo pigmeo, il più piccolo lemure fino ad allora conosciuto. Le analisi comparative e filogenetiche hanno però rivelato che si tratta di una nuova specie a cui quindi è stato assegnato il nome di M. berthae.[6]

Il pelo è corto e folto: sul dorso presenta tonalità arancio carico, con una banda dorsale beige. I fianchi, le zampe e la coda sono biancastri: è presente uno strato di sottopelo nerastro o grigiastro. Attorno agli occhi è presente un sottile anello di pelo nero che continua sui due lati del muso fino al naso.

Note

  1. ^ (EN) Microcebus berthae, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.
  2. ^ a b R.A. Mittermeier, Lemurs of Madagascar, 2nd, Conservation International, 2006, pp. 104–107, ISBN 978-1-881173-88-5.
  3. ^ S. J. Rakotondranary, A. Hapke e J. R. U. Ganzhorn, Distribution and Morphological Variation of Microcebus spp. Along an Environmental Gradient in Southeastern Madagascar, in International Journal of Primatology, vol. 32, n. 5, 2011, pp. 1037, DOI:10.1007/s10764-011-9521-z.
  4. ^ Lisa Gould e Michelle Sauther, Lemurs: Ecology and Adaptation, 1st, University of Chicago, 2006, p. 35, ISBN 978-0-387-34586-4.
  5. ^ Gron KJ. (11 February 2009). Primate Factsheets: Mouse lemur (Microcebus) Taxonomy, Morphology, & Ecology.
  6. ^ M Dammhahn e P. M. Kappeler, Small-scale coexistence of two mouse lemur species (Microcebus berthae and M. Murinus) within a homogeneous competitive environment, in Oecologia, vol. 157, n. 3, 2008, pp. 473–83, DOI:10.1007/s00442-008-1079-x, PMC 2515545, PMID 18574599.

Bibliografia

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Microcebus berthae: Brief Summary ( Italian )

fornì da wikipedia IT

Il microcebo di Madame Berthe (Microcebus berthae) è una specie di lemure endemica del Madagascar, dove la sua diffusione rimane circoscritta alla foresta di Kirindy nella parte occidentale dell'isola.

È una delle molte specie di lemuri malgasci originatesi da un vasto processo di speciazione le cui origini e cause non sono ancora pienamente comprese.

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Microcebus berthae ( olandèis; flamand )

fornì da wikipedia NL

Microcebus berthae is een zoogdier uit de familie van de dwergmaki's (Cheirogaleidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd door Rodin M. Rasoloarison, Steven M. Goodman en Jörg U. Ganzhorn in 2000.

Uiterlijke kenmerken

Met een gemiddelde kop-romplengte van 92 millimeter en een gewicht van ongeveer 30 gram, is Microcebus berthae de kleinste van alle bekende primaten.

Voorkomen

De soort is endemisch voor een aantal verspreide gebieden in westelijk Madagaskar.

Voedsel

Deze muismaki is een nachtdier dat zich voedt met insecten, kleine gewervelden, vruchten, bloemen en nectar.

Bronnen en verwijzingen
  • (en) Nick Garbutt, Mammals of Madagascar: A Complete Guide (Yale University Press, 2007)
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Microcebus berthae: Brief Summary ( olandèis; flamand )

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Microcebus berthae is een zoogdier uit de familie van de dwergmaki's (Cheirogaleidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd door Rodin M. Rasoloarison, Steven M. Goodman en Jörg U. Ganzhorn in 2000.

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Microcebus berthae ( portughèis )

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Microcebus berthae (lêmure-rato-de-madame-berthe ou lêmure-rato-de-berthe) espécie de lêmure-rato pertencente à família Cheirogaleidae. É o menor dos lêmures-rato e o menor primata do mundo. O comprimento médio do corpo é de 9,2 cm e o peso é de cerca de 30 gramas.[3] M. berthae é uma das muitas espécies de lêmures que são de ocorrência restrita em Madagascar que evoluíram através de grande especiação causada por mecanismos e condições ambientais desconhecidas.[4]

Este primata é encontrada principalmente na Floresta de Kirindy, em Madagascar ocidental.[5] Após a sua descoberta em 1992 na Floresta Decídua de Madagascar ocidental, se pensou inicialmente na redescoberta de outro lêmure-rato, Microcebus myoxinus. Análises morfométricas comparativas e estudos genéticos revelaram tratar-se de uma nova espécie.[6]

O lêmur foi nomeado em homenagem à conservacionista e primatolóloga Berthe Rakotosamimanana, de Madagascar, que foi a secretária-geral do Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherche des Primates (GERP) desde a sua fundação até à sua morte em 2005.[7]

A espécie está em perigo de extinção devido à destruição de habitat causada por extração ilegal de madeira e por causa da expansão da agricultura.[1]

Referências

  1. a b «Microcebus berthae». Lista Vermelha da IUCN de espécies ameaçadas da UICN 2022 (em inglês). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado em 19 de janeiro de 2017
  2. Groves, C.P. (2005). Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. (eds.), ed. Mammal Species of the World 3 ed. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 111–184. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494
  3. Gron, K.J. (2009). Primate Factsheets: Mouse lemur (Microcebus) Taxonomy, Morphology, & Ecology. Acessado em agosto de 2009. (em inglês)
  4. Rakotondranary, S. J.; Hapke, A.; Ganzhorn, J. R. U. (2011). «Distribution and Morphological Variation of Microcebus spp. Along an Environmental Gradient in Southeastern Madagascar». International Journal of Primatology (em inglês). 32 (5). 1037 páginas. doi:10.1007/s10764-011-9521-z
  5. Mittermeier, R.A.; et al. (2006). Lemurs of Madagascar 2nd ed. [S.l.]: Conservation International. pp. 104–107. ISBN 1-881173-88-7
  6. Dammhahn, M; Kappeler, P. M. (2008). «Small-scale coexistence of two mouse lemur species (Microcebus berthae and M. Murinus) within a homogeneous competitive environment». Oecologia. 157 (3): 473–83. PMC . PMID 18574599. doi:10.1007/s00442-008-1079-x
  7. Gould, Lisa; Michelle Sauther (2006). Lemurs: Ecology and Adaptation 1st ed. [S.l.]: University of Chicago. p. 35. ISBN 0-387-34586-8

Bibliografia

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Microcebus berthae: Brief Summary ( portughèis )

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Microcebus berthae (lêmure-rato-de-madame-berthe ou lêmure-rato-de-berthe) espécie de lêmure-rato pertencente à família Cheirogaleidae. É o menor dos lêmures-rato e o menor primata do mundo. O comprimento médio do corpo é de 9,2 cm e o peso é de cerca de 30 gramas. M. berthae é uma das muitas espécies de lêmures que são de ocorrência restrita em Madagascar que evoluíram através de grande especiação causada por mecanismos e condições ambientais desconhecidas.

Este primata é encontrada principalmente na Floresta de Kirindy, em Madagascar ocidental. Após a sua descoberta em 1992 na Floresta Decídua de Madagascar ocidental, se pensou inicialmente na redescoberta de outro lêmure-rato, Microcebus myoxinus. Análises morfométricas comparativas e estudos genéticos revelaram tratar-se de uma nova espécie.

O lêmur foi nomeado em homenagem à conservacionista e primatolóloga Berthe Rakotosamimanana, de Madagascar, que foi a secretária-geral do Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherche des Primates (GERP) desde a sua fundação até à sua morte em 2005.

A espécie está em perigo de extinção devido à destruição de habitat causada por extração ilegal de madeira e por causa da expansão da agricultura.

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Microcebus berthae ( svedèis )

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Microcebus berthae är en art i släktet musmakier[2] och världens minsta kända primat.[1] Artepitet hedrar zoologen Berthe Rakotosamimanana från Madagaskar.

Utseende

Individerna når en kroppslängd (huvud och bål) av 9 till 11 cm och en svanslängd av 12 till 14 cm. Vikten är ungefär 30 g. Pälsen har på ovansidan en rödbrun färg och det finns en mörk strimma som går över hela ryggen. På undersidan är pälsen krämvit eller ljusgrå. Påfallande är djurets stora ögon. Även öronen är ganska stora och tårna är nakna.[3]

Utbredning och habitat

Arten är bara känd från ett cirka 800 km² stort skogsområde i Kirindy Mitea nationalpark på västra Madagaskar. Skogen där arten bor bildas av lövfällande träd. Regionen är låglänt och kullig upp till 150 meter över havet.[1]

Ekologi

Microcebus berthae är aktiv på natten och klättrar skickligt i träd eller annan växtlighet. Under den torra perioden är primaten beroende av de sockerrika avsöndringar från insekter som Flatida coccinea. Under regntiden finns fler födokällor som frukter, naturgummi, insekter och små kräldjur. Vid matbrist faller djuret ibland i dvala (torpor).[1][3]

Individerna letar ensam efter föda. Hanarnas revir är med cirka 4,9 hektar större än honornas revir (2,5 hektar) men reviren överlappar varandra. På dagen vilar ibland några djur tillsammans gömda i växtligheten. Microcebus berthae parar sig i november (senvåren) och efter ungefär två månaders dräktighet föds ungarna.[3]

Hot och status

Artens naturliga fiender utgörs av rovdjur (Eupleridae), ugglor, ormar och större lemurer.[3]

Dessutom hotas primaten av skogsavverkning och svedjebruk. Därför listas Microcebus berthae av IUCN som starkt hotad (EN).[1]

Referenser

  1. ^ [a b c d e] Andriaholinirina, N. et al. 2014 Microcebus berthae Från: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 <www.iucnredlist.org>. Läst 2014-07-28.
  2. ^ Wilson & Reeder, red (2005). Microcebus berthae (på engelska). Mammal Species of the World. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-8018-8221-4
  3. ^ [a b c d] Dr. Melanie Dammhahn (28 april 2009). ”Madame Berthe’s mouse lemur”. ARKive. Arkiverad från originalet den 10 augusti 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140810232459/http://www.arkive.org/madame-berthes-mouse-lemur/microcebus-berthae/. Läst 28 juli 2014.

Externa länkar

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Microcebus berthae: Brief Summary ( svedèis )

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Microcebus berthae är en art i släktet musmakier och världens minsta kända primat. Artepitet hedrar zoologen Berthe Rakotosamimanana från Madagaskar.

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Microcebus berthae ( ucrain )

fornì da wikipedia UK

Опис

Досягає довжини голови й тіла від 9 до 9,5 сантиметрів, хвіст 13 до 14 сантиметрів завдовжки. Вага від 24 до 38 грамів. Хутро коротке і щільне, червонувато-коричневе зверху і жовтувато-білого кольору знизу. Руки і ноги тьмяно бежеві. Хвіст також червонувато-коричневий, відносно довгий і більш волосатий, ніж інші макі. Голова кругла, помаранчева і помітно яскравіша, ніж тіло. Морда коротка, вуха великі. Є біла пляма між занадто великими очима.

Середовище проживання

Цей вид обмежується областю Менабе на південному заході, на південь від річки Цирибігіна, Мадагаскар. Цей вид живе на площі сухих листяних лісів; можливо, іноді у вторинному лісу (від рівня моря до 150 м).

Звички

Вид нічний та деревний, живиться фруктами і камеддю, у значній мірі спирається на солодкі виділення комах і тваринну речовину під час суворого сухого сезону. Microcebus berthae найменший примат у світі.

Загрози та охорона

Серйозною загрозою для цього виду є втрата середовища проживання через незаконні рубки та підсічно-вогневе землеробство. Цей вид особливо чутливий до антропогенних порушень. Як найменший примат у світі, М. berthae також дуже уразливий для хижаків. Нещодавно створена 125000-гектарна Menabe-Antimena Protected Area забезпечує захист цього виду.

Джерела


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Vượn cáo chuột Berthe ( vietnamèis )

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Vượn cáo chuột Berthe (Microcebus berthae) là loài vượn cáo nhỏ nhất trên thế giới và cũng là loài linh trưởng nhỏ nhất với kích thước trung bình là 92 milimét (3,6 in) và khối lương vào khoảng 30 g (1,1 oz).[3] Nó được tìm thấy ở Vườn quốc gia Kirindy Mitea ở miền Tây Madagascar.[4]

Đặt tên

Loài vượn cáo này được đặt tên theo bà Berthe Rakotosamimanana, một nhà bảo tồn thiên nhiên người Madagascar và là Tổng thư ký của tổ chức Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherche des Primates (GERP) trong giai đoạn từ lúc nó mới thành lập cho tới khi bà qua đời vào năm 2005.[5]

Mô tả

Loài vượn cáo Microcebus berthae này có bộ lông ở lưng ngắn có màu nâu vàng quế xen lẫn màu hoàng thổ. Chiếc vằn nằm ở giữa lưng có màu ngăm ngăm đen. Vùng giữa bụng của con vật có màu da dê trong khi hai cạnh sườn có màu da dê nhạt pha trộn với màu xám nhạt. Con vật có đuôi ngắn với màu hung hung. Đỉnh đầu và tai cũng có màu sậm tương tự. Mép viền mắt được bao phủ vởi một vòng mỏng, sậm màu. Vùng mặt giữa mắt có màu nâu vàng quế. Bàn tay và bàn chân có màu be mờ.

Phân bổ

Tham khảo

  1. ^ Groves, Colin (16 tháng 11 năm 2005). Wilson D. E. và Reeder D. M. (chủ biên), biên tập. Mammal Species of the World . Nhà xuất bản Đại học Johns Hopkins. tr. {{{pages}}}. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  2. ^ Andrainarivo, C., Andriaholinirina, V. N., Feistner, A., Felix, T., Ganzhorn, J., Garbutt, N., Golden, C., Konstant, B., Louis Jr., E., Meyers, D., Mittermeier, R. A., Perieras, A., Princee, F., Rabarivola, J. C., Rakotosamimanana, B., Rasamimanana, H., Ratsimbazafy, J., Raveloarinoro, G., Razafimanantsoa, A., Rumpler, Y., Schwitzer, C., Thalmann, U., Wilmé, L. & Wright, P. (2008). Microcebus berthae. 2008 Sách đỏ IUCN. Liên minh Bảo tồn Thiên nhiên Quốc tế 2008. Truy cập ngày 1 tháng 1 năm 2009.
  3. ^ Gron KJ. 2009 February 11. Primate Factsheets: Mouse lemur (Microcebus) Taxonomy, Morphology, & Ecology. Truy cập 2009 August
  4. ^ Mittermeier, R.A.; et al. (2006). Lemurs of Madagascar (ấn bản 2). Conservation International. tr. 104–107. ISBN 1-881173-88-7. Chú thích sử dụng tham số |coauthors= bị phản đối (trợ giúp)
  5. ^ Gould, Lisa; Michelle Sauther (2006). Lemurs: Ecology and Adaptation (ấn bản 1). University of Chicago. tr. 35. ISBN 0-387-34586-8. Chú thích sử dụng tham số |coauthors= bị phản đối (trợ giúp)

Liên kết ngoài

 src= Wikispecies có thông tin sinh học về Vượn cáo chuột Berthe  src= Wikimedia Commons có thư viện hình ảnh và phương tiện truyền tải về Vượn cáo chuột Berthe


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Vượn cáo chuột Berthe: Brief Summary ( vietnamèis )

fornì da wikipedia VI

Vượn cáo chuột Berthe (Microcebus berthae) là loài vượn cáo nhỏ nhất trên thế giới và cũng là loài linh trưởng nhỏ nhất với kích thước trung bình là 92 milimét (3,6 in) và khối lương vào khoảng 30 g (1,1 oz). Nó được tìm thấy ở Vườn quốc gia Kirindy Mitea ở miền Tây Madagascar.

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Microcebus berthae ( russ; russi )

fornì da wikipedia русскую Википедию

Латинское название Microcebus berthae
Rasoloarison, Goodman & Ganzhorn, 2000
Ареал
изображение

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ITIS 944023 NCBI 143352 Международная Красная книга
Status iucn3.1 EN ru.svg
Вымирающие виды
IUCN 3.1 Endangered: 41573

Microcebus berthae (лат.) — самый маленький известный науке примат, встречающийся только на острове Мадагаскар. Видовой эпитет дан в честь малагасийского антрополога Берты Ракотосамиманана.

Описание

Длина туловища составляет всего 9—9,5 см, а весит лемур 24—38 граммов. У лемура длинный хвост длиной 13—14 см. Мех короткий и густой. Окраска верхней части тела красновато-коричневого цвета с тёмной полосой вдоль спины от плеч до хвоста, в то же время мех на брюхе кремового или бледно-серого цвета. Голова круглая, оранжевого цвета, светлее остальной части тела. Морда короткая, над носом имеется белое пятно, окологлазное кольцо коричного цвета, большие уши и голые пальцы. У него очень большие, обращённые вперёд глаза, имеющие за сетчаткой блестящий слой, который отражает свет, тем самым значительно улучшая ночное зрение.

Распространение

Эндемик Мадагаскара. Был найден в западной части острова в национальном парке Киринди. Ареал площадью не больше 900 км². Средой обитания вида является сухой лиственный лес.

Образ жизни

Вид активен ночью, предпочитает держаться на деревьях. В дневное время лемуры спят в гнёздах из листьев, устроенных на лианах и других вьющихся растениях. Ведут одиночный образ жизни.

Всеядное животное, питающееся наряду с насекомыми также плодами и другим растительным материалом. Чтобы сберечь энергию, оно ежедневно на непродолжительное время впадает в оцепенение.

Литература

Ссылки

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Microcebus berthae: Brief Summary ( russ; russi )

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Microcebus berthae (лат.) — самый маленький известный науке примат, встречающийся только на острове Мадагаскар. Видовой эпитет дан в честь малагасийского антрополога Берты Ракотосамиманана.

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베르트부인쥐여우원숭이 ( Corean )

fornì da wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

베르트쥐여우원숭이(Microcebus berthae)는 세계에서 가장 작은 쥐여우원숭이이자 가장 작은 영장류이다.[2] 평균 몸 길이는 92mm이며, 한창 때의 몸무게는 약 30g이다.[3] 마다가스카르 서부의 키린디 미테아 국립공원에서 발견된다.[4]

베르트쥐여우원숭이는 등 쪽에 짧고 촘촘한 털을 갖고 있으며, 육계색과 노란 황토색의 2가지 색을 띤다. 등 쪽 중간의 줄무늬는 황갈색을 띤다. 이 종의 배 쪽 중앙은 색깔에 있어서는 담황갈색을 띠지만, 옆구리는 연한 담황갈색과 밝고 연한 희미한 회색 빛이 섞인 색깔을 띤다. 등 쪽과 배 쪽의 하체의 털은 희미하고 거무스름한 희미한 회색 빛은 띤다. 이 종의 꼬리는 색깔 면에서 황갈색의 짧은 털을 갖고 있다. 윗머리와 귀 색깔도 황갈색을 띤다. 안구는 좁고 어두운 색깔의 띠로 둘러싸여 있다. 양 눈 사이는 육계색을 띤다. 손발은 흐릿한 베이지색을 띤다.

각주

  1. Microcebus berthae. 《멸종 위기 종의 IUCN 적색 목록. 2014.1판》 (영어). 국제 자연 보전 연맹. 2014. 2014년 6월 15일에 확인함.
  2. Groves, C.P. (2005). Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M., 편집. 《Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference》 (영어) 3판. 존스 홉킨스 대학교 출판사. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. OCLC 62265494.
  3. Gron KJ. 2009 February 11. Primate Factsheets: Mouse lemur (Microcebus) Taxonomy, Morphology, & Ecology . Accessed 2009 August
  4. Mittermeier, R.A.; et al. (2006). 《Lemurs of Madagascar》 제2판. Conservation International. 104–107쪽. ISBN 1-881173-88-7.
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