Arundinella nepalensis Trin.

This is a widespread species showing much variation in height and vigor, hairiness of the vegetative parts, and compactness of the panicle. The many-noded culms are characteristic, with silky-pubescent nodes and a banded effect from green internodes alternating with yellowish leaf sheaths, together with a panicle of numerous whorled branches.

Arundinella pilaxilis is based on a variant with tuberculate-hispid culms. Arundinella pilomarginata is based on a specimen from Yunnan with the lower glume ciliate on one or both margins in some of the spikelets.

Perennial, tufted with short scaly rhizomes. Culms erect, slender to stout, 0.9–2(–3) m tall, 2–7 mm in diam., simple or branched, internodes usually glabrous, 6–8-noded, nodes appressed silky pubescent. Leaf sheaths usually glabrous, occasionally tuberculate-pilose, usually bearded at mouth; leaf blades linear-lanceolate, stiff, flat or convolute, 10–50 cm × 5–18 mm, glabrous or thinly to densely tuberculate-pilose, apex long acuminate; ligule 0.3–0.5 mm. Panicle open or loosely contracted, 10–50 cm; central axis scaberulous or almost smooth; branches numerous, slender, 7–20 cm, subverticillate, simple or lowest branched, loosely spiculate; pedicels smooth or scabrid. Spikelets (3.5–)4–5.5 mm; pale green to dark purple; glumes usually glabrous; lower glume 3–3.5 mm, strongly 3-veined; upper glume 4.5–5.5 mm, faintly 5-veined; lower floret staminate or barren, equaling or longer than lower glume; upper floret 2–2.5 mm, lemma awned; awn geniculate with brown twisted column, 3.5–5 mm; callus hairs 1/4–1/3 length of lemma. Fl. and fr. Aug–Nov.

Tufted perennial with scaly rhizomes; culms 60-180 cm high, erect. Leaf-blades linear or convolute, 8-30 cm long, 3-10 mm wide, stiff, scaberulous, glabrous or hirsute. Panicle oblong, open or contracted, 10-40 cm long, the branches subsecund and densely spiculate. Spikelets lanceolate, 4-6 mm long, glabrous; lower glume ovate 3-5 mm long, acutely or setaceously acuminate; upper glume narrowly ovate, acuminate with an obtuse tip; lower lemma 34 mm long, obtuse; upper lemma ovate, 2-2.5 mm long, emarginate with a geniculate awn 4-6 mm long; callus bearded with hairs 0.5-1 mm long; palea with door-like flaps.

Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, SE Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, Australia].

Distribution: Pakistan (Punjab, N.W.F.P. & Kashmir); tropical and South Africa; Madagascar; India to China and Australia.

E. Himalaya (Nepal, Sikkim), India, S.E. Asia, China.

500-2500 m

Mountain grasslands, hill thickets; 500–1800 m.

Acratherum miliaceum Link; Arundinella glabra Nees ex Hooker & Arnott; A. miliacea (Link) Nees; A. pilaxilis B. S. Sun & Z. H. Hu; A. pilomarginata B. S. Sun; A. virgata Janowski.

nepalensis: of Nepal

Perennial grass with erect unbranched culms, up to 1.5m. Inflorescence an fairly contracted panicle, often conspicuously dark coloured, nearly black.

Frequent

Tropical and S Africa, eastwards to China and Australia

Die riviergras (Arundinella nepalensis Trin.) is 'n grasspesie wat inheems aan Suid-Afrika is. Dit kom in die provinsies Noord-Wes, Vrystaat, Gauteng, Limpopo, Mpumalanga, KwaZulu-Natal, Oos-Kaap en Wes-Kaap voor. Op die SANBI-rooilys is dit as 'veilig' (LC) gelys. Dit het 'n groot voorkomsgebied wat in Afrika noordelik tot Kenia reik en westelik tot Senegal. Verder kom dit in Indië, Nepal, die suide van China en in Australië voor.

Dit is 'n immergroen plant wat regop groei en 0,9 – 2 m of selfs tot 3 m hoog word. Dit het 'n kort geskubde wortelstok. Die halme word soms geoes om vir grasdakke gebruik te word.

Arundinella nepalensis là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Hòa thảo. Loài này được Trin. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1829.

石芒草（学名：Arundinella nepalensis）是禾本科野古草属的植物。分布在热带东南亚至大洋洲、非洲以及中国大陆的西藏、云南、湖北、广西、广东、贵州、福建、湖南等地，生长于海拔300米至2,000米的地区，多生在山坡草丛中。