Diagnostic Description
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fishbase
Bluish green, grey or black above, silvery white below; opercle with black spot (Ref. 3197). Lateral scales tall and keeled. Gill cover with a distinct black spot. First dorsal fin tall (Ref. 35388).
- Recorder
- Cristina V. Garilao
Migration
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fishbase
Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.
Morphology
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fishbase
Dorsal spines (total): 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 30 - 36; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 24 - 32
- Recorder
- Cristina V. Garilao
Trophic Strategy
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fishbase
Forms large schools in coastal areas with sandy substrate. Feeds on fish, crustaceans, and cephalopods. Utilized fresh, smoked, canned and frozen; can be fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988). Divided into two stocks: West stock and North Sea stock. West stock spawns in a belt from the Biscay to Ireland in early spring, migrates north and eastwards to southern Norway and northern North Sea.
Biology
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fishbase
Adults form large schools in coastal areas with sandy substrate. They feed on fish, crustaceans, and cephalopods. Are batch spawners (Ref. 51846). Females lay 140,000 eggs, which hatch into 5mm long larvae (Ref. 35388). Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 4233). Utilized fresh, smoked, canned and frozen; can be fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988). Divided into two stocks: West stock and North Sea stock. West stock spawns in a belt from the Biscay to Ireland in early spring, migrates north and eastwards to southern Norway and northern North Sea. North Sea stock spawns in the southern North Sea in summer, migrates to central North Sea, Skagerrak and Kattegat.
Importance
(
الإنجليزية
)
المقدمة من Fishbase
fisheries: highly commercial; gamefish: yes; bait: usually; price category: medium; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species