سحلب

Slo.: krlatnordea kukavica - syn.: Orchis fusca Jacq., Orchis maxima K. Koch - Habitat: grass overgrown sandy semiruderal road side and slightly inside wood edge next to the road, calcareous terrain, full sun as well as in half shade, elevation 160 m (520 feet), average precipitations 1.000 - 1.200 mm/year, average temperature 13 - 15 deg C, submediterranean phytogeographical region. - Substratum: sandy soil. - Comment: Growing in a large group of more than ten magnificent plants, some up to 80 cm tall, all along the road and in the neighboring wood edge. - Protected according to 'Uredba o zavarovanih prostoiveih rastlinskih vrstah' Url. RS, t. 46/2004 (Regulation of protection of wild growing plants, Official Gazette of Republic Slovenia, No.:46/2004). Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by 'V' representing a vulnerable species. - Ref.: (1) R. Domac, Flora Hrvatske, Prirunik za odreivanje bilja, kolska Knjiga, Zgreb, II. izdanje (2002), p 463. (2) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 244. (3) O. Sebald, S. Seybold, G. Philippi, A. Werz, Die Farn- und Bltenpflanzen Baden-Wrttembergs, Ulmer, Band 8. (1998), p 386. (4) H. Kretzschmar, Die Orchideen Deutschlands und angrenzender Lander, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 214. (5) B. Dolinar, Kukavievke v Sloveniji (Orchids in Slovenia - in Slovene), Pipinova Knjiga (2015), p 153.

Slo.: malocvetna kukavica - Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by 'V' representing a vulnerable species. Coordinates not precise.

This is a subendemic orchid, growing in Israel and southern Lebanon. Locally it is common. Nobody knows much about its pollination.

Slo.: opicja kukavica - Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by 'V' representing a vulnerable species.

Slo.: movirska kukavica - syn.: Orchis laxiflora ssp. palustris (Jacq.) Bonnier et Layens, Anacamptis palustris (Jacq.) R.M.Bateman - Habitat: moist grassland, flat terrain, open place, full sun, average precipitations 1.600 - 1.800 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 460 m (1.530 feet), Dinaric phytogeographical region. - Substratum: soil. - Comments: Orchis palustris ssp. palustris is a beautiful, highly endangered and rare wild Orchid of Europe, North Africa and west Asia. It is protected by law almost anywhere. In Germany it is already extinct from most of historically known stands and in Wrttenberg, Germany the population seems stable only on a single, last place (Ref.:3). Also in Slovenia the plant is in sharp decline (Ref.:2). Habitats, marches and wet grassland and meadows, of Orchis palustris ssp. palustris are cold-bloodedly disappearing in spite of all protection policies and are falling prey of boundless exponential growth of GDP, the topmost goal of our civilization. I have had luck and see it twice in my life. My grand grand sons and daughters will probably not have this opportunity. - Protected according to 'Uredba o zavarovanih prostoiveih rastlinskih vrstah' Ur.l. RS, t.46/2004 (Regulation on protected wild plants, Official gazette of Republic of Slovenia, No. 46/2004). Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by 'V' representing a vulnerable species. - Ref.: (1) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 235. (2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 779. (3) O. Sebald, S. Seybold, G. Philippi, A. Werz, Die Farn- und Bltenpflanzen Baden-Wrttembergs, Ulmer, Band 8. (1998), p 395. (4) K. Lauber and G. Wagner, Flora Helvetica, 5. Auflage, Haupt (2012), p 1330.

Slo.: bleda kukavica - syn.: Orchis sulphurea Sims., Orchis pseudopallens K.Koch - Habitat: a small patch of light, mostly broadleaved woodland and bushes, within cultural grassland, flat terrain, calcareous ground; in shade (when tree foliage present), dry place; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations 1.700-1.900 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 535 m (1.750 feet), Dinaric phytogeographical region. - Substratum: soil. - Comment: Orchis pallens is a remarkable and quite uncommon wild growing orchid in Slovenia. Every encounter with it is an adventure for me. It is simple to recognize it by pale yellow, relatively large flowers and uniformly light green, shiny and fleshy leaves. The only candidate for misidentification is also yellow Orchis provincialis with similarly shaped flowers and habitus, which is nevertheless so rare in Slovenia that solely this makes misidentification almost impossible. In addition, Orchis provincialis has darkly dotted leaves, which makes distinguishing between both species simple. The stands near village Sela are the most beautiful I've ever seen. Tens of these beautiful flowers grow densely packed on a relatively small place. - Protected according to 'Uredba o zavarovanih prostoiveih rastlinskih vrstah' Ur.l. RS, t.46/2004 (Regulation of protection of wild plants, Official Gazette, Republic of Slovenia, No.46/2004).Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by 'V' representing a vulnerable species. - Ref.: (1) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 234. (2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 781. (3) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 1132. (4) H. Haeupler, T. Muer, Bildatlas der Farn- und Bluetenpflazen Deutschlands, Ulmer (2000), p 709. (5) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora sterreich Liechtenstein, Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 1047.

Slo.: malocvetna kukavica - syn.: Orchis provincialis subsp. pauciflora (Ten.) Lindl., Orchis provincialis var. pauciflora (Ten.) Batt. - Habitat: bushes with some low broadleaved trees, small open patches of stony, nutrients pure grassland; flat terrain, calcareous, skeletal ground; predominantly in shade, dry place; elevation 85 m (280 feet), average precipitations ~1.000 mm/year, average temperature 13 - 14 deg C, submediterranean phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil. Comment: Initially it seemed to me this find represents Orchis provincialis. However, after Mr. Branko Dolinar drew my attention to lack of dark spots on plant's leaves it was determined as Orchis pauciflora. The relation between both is somewhat unclear. Some orchid authorities consider Orchis pauciflora as a separate species; others treat such plants on subspecies taxonomical level as Orchis provincialis ssp pauciflora. Apart of the spots on the leaves, color of the lip and number of flowers in inflorescence are the traits separating both plants. Orchis pauciflora should have a darker, more saturated yellow middle part of the lip and fewer flowers in the inflorescence compared to Orchid provincialis. Orchis pauciflora is a Mediterranean plant. It is not rare on both sides of Adriatic Sea shore. However it hasn't been yet found in Slovenia in spite we do have a short sea shore. In Croatia it is present in Istria peninsula, along all Adriatic Sea shore as well as on most of major islands. According to Flora Croatica Database (Ref.:3) it has been reported from four MTB squares on island Krk. This find adds the fifth one. Protected in Croatia according to: Flora Croatica, Crvena Kniga (Red list), marked as VU denoting a vulnerable species. Ref.: (1) Id'ed by Mr. Branko Dolinar. (2) http://www.orchidsofbritainandeuropetest.uk/Orchis%20pauciflora.html (3) Nikoli T. ed. (2015): Flora Croatica Database (http://hirc.botanic.hr/fcd). Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb (accessed date: 2017/05/28). (4) I. Schnfelder, P. Schnfelder, Kosmos Atlas Mittelmeer- und Kanarenflora, Kosmos, (2002), p 286. (5) M. Blamey, C. Grey-Wilson, Wild Flowers of the Mediterranean, A & C Black, London (2005), p 513. Camera: Nikon D700 / Nikkor Micro 105mm/f2.8

Slo.: pikcasta kukavica - Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by 'V' representing a vulnerable species.

(Slo.: celadasta kukavica)

Slo.: stasita kukavica

Slo.: krlatnordea kukavica - syn.: Orchis fusca Jacq., Orchis maxima K. Koch - Habitat: grass overgrown sandy semiruderal road side and slightly inside wood edge next to the road, calcareous terrain, full sun as well as in half shade, elevation 160 m (520 feet), average precipitations 1.000 - 1.200 mm/year, average temperature 13 - 15 deg C, submediterranean phytogeographical region. - Substratum: sandy soil. - Comment: Growing in a large group of more than ten magnificent plants, some up to 80 cm tall, all along the road and in the neighboring wood edge. - Protected according to 'Uredba o zavarovanih prostoiveih rastlinskih vrstah' Url. RS, t. 46/2004 (Regulation of protection of wild growing plants, Official Gazette of Republic Slovenia, No.:46/2004). Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by 'V' representing a vulnerable species. - Ref.: (1) R. Domac, Flora Hrvatske, Prirunik za odreivanje bilja, kolska Knjiga, Zgreb, II. izdanje (2002), p 463. (2) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 244. (3) O. Sebald, S. Seybold, G. Philippi, A. Werz, Die Farn- und Bltenpflanzen Baden-Wrttembergs, Ulmer, Band 8. (1998), p 386. (4) H. Kretzschmar, Die Orchideen Deutschlands und angrenzender Lander, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 214. (5) B. Dolinar, Kukavievke v Sloveniji (Orchids in Slovenia - in Slovene), Pipinova Knjiga (2015), p 153.

Slo.: malocvetna kukavica, provansalska kukavica - syn.: Orchis leucostachya Griseb., Orchis cyrilli Ten. - Habitat: Wood edge along a dirt road and among olive trees, flat calcareous terrain, almost full sun, dry place, elevation 140 m (460 feet), average precipitations 1.000 - 1.200 mm/year, average temperature 13 - 15 deg C, submediterranean phytogeographical region. - Substratum: soil. - Comment: Growing scattered in a loose group of five plants. - Protected according to 'Uredba o zavarovanih prostoiveih rastlinskih vrstah' Url. RS, t. 46/2004 (Regulation of protection of wild growing plants, Official Gazette of Republic Slovenia, No.: 46/2004). Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by 'Ex?' representing a probably extinct species (erroneously!).This plant was considered extinct in Slovenia just a decade ago, but two new stands have been found recently. - Ref.: (1) R. Domac, Flora Hrvatske, Prirunik za odreivanje bilja, kolska Knjiga, Zagreb, II. izdanje (2002), p 463. (2) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 242. (3) B. Dolinar, Kukavievke v Sloveniji (Orchids in Slovenia), Pipinova Knjiga (2015), p 151.

None

Slo.: opija kukavica - Habitat: Grassland, southwest oriented slope, warm and dry place, full sun, exposed to direct rain, average temperature 11-13 deg C, average precipitations 1600-1800 mm/year, elevation 105 m (350 feet), submediterranean phytogeographical region. - Substratum: soil. - Comment: Orchis simia has a very beautiful and filigree flowers and the plant is quite a rare wild orchid in my country. It is limited to the most south-west, the warmest, submediterranean part of Slovenia. This year its display was extraordinarily rich. There were more than twenty of them flowering on the meadow. Among them we found also two rare albinos (see Figs. 5. and 6.) and many other rarities like Himantoglossum adriaticum (not yet blooming), Serapias vomeracea, different members of Ophrys genus and Orchis purpurea. All of them are members of much warmer climate than the overage in Slovenia finding their northern limit where they can thrive in southwest Slovenia. - Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by 'V' representing a vulnerable species. - Ref. (1) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora sterreich Liechtenstein, Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 1048. (2) N. Jogan (ed.), Gradivo za Atlas flore Slovenije (Materials for the Atlas of Flora of Slovenia), CKSF (2001), p 263. (3) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 778. (4) L. Poldini, Nuovo Atlante corologico delle piante vascolarinel, Friuli Venezia Giulia, University of Trieste (2002), p 338.

Slo.: movirska kukavica - syn.: Orchis laxiflora ssp. palustris (Jacq.) Bonnier et Layens, Anacamptis palustris (Jacq.) R.M.Bateman - Habitat: moist grassland, flat terrain, open place, full sun, average precipitations 1.600 - 1.800 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 460 m (1.530 feet), Dinaric phytogeographical region. - Substratum: soil. - Comments: Orchis palustris ssp. palustris is a beautiful, highly endangered and rare wild Orchid of Europe, North Africa and west Asia. It is protected by law almost anywhere. In Germany it is already extinct from most of historically known stands and in Wrttenberg, Germany the population seems stable only on a single, last place (Ref.:3). Also in Slovenia the plant is in sharp decline (Ref.:2). Habitats, marches and wet grassland and meadows, of Orchis palustris ssp. palustris are cold-bloodedly disappearing in spite of all protection policies and are falling prey of boundless exponential growth of GDP, the topmost goal of our civilization. I have had luck and see it twice in my life. My grand grand sons and daughters will probably not have this opportunity. - Protected according to 'Uredba o zavarovanih prostoiveih rastlinskih vrstah' Ur.l. RS, t.46/2004 (Regulation on protected wild plants, Official gazette of Republic of Slovenia, No. 46/2004). Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by 'V' representing a vulnerable species. - Ref.: (1) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 235. (2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 779. (3) O. Sebald, S. Seybold, G. Philippi, A. Werz, Die Farn- und Bltenpflanzen Baden-Wrttembergs, Ulmer, Band 8. (1998), p 395. (4) K. Lauber and G. Wagner, Flora Helvetica, 5. Auflage, Haupt (2012), p 1330.