dcsimg

Distribution ( Inglês )

fornecido por Afrotropical Birds LifeDesk

W Cameroon, Bioko (preussi)

Albertine Rift Mts, mts in extreme S Sudan, E Uganda, W and C Kenya (reichenowi)

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Habitat ( Inglês )

fornecido por Afrotropical Birds LifeDesk

Montane forest

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Movements and dispersal ( Inglês )

fornecido por Afrotropical Birds LifeDesk

Resident

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Aderyn haul deudorchog y Gogledd ( Galês )

fornecido por wikipedia CY

Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Aderyn haul deudorchog y Gogledd (sy'n enw gwrywaidd; enw lluosog: adar haul deudorchog y Gogledd) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Necterina preussi; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Northern Double-collared sunbird. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Adar haul (Lladin: Nectarinidae) sydd yn urdd y Passeriformes.[1]

Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn N. preussi, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.[2]

Teulu

Mae'r aderyn haul deudorchog y Gogledd yn perthyn i deulu'r Adar haul (Lladin: Nectarinidae). Dyma rai o aelodau eraill y teulu:

Rhestr Wicidata:

rhywogaeth enw tacson delwedd Aderyn haul brongoch Chalcomitra senegalensis Aderyn haul brown Anthreptes gabonicus
Flickr - Rainbirder - Mouse-brown Sunbird (Anthreptes gabonicus) (1).jpg
Aderyn haul cefn melynwyrdd Cinnyris jugularis
Cinnyris jugularis (male) -Singapore Botanic Gardens-8.jpg
Aderyn haul cefnblaen Anthreptes reichenowi
Flickr - Rainbirder - Plain-backed Sunbird male (Anthreptes reichenowi).jpg
Aderyn haul deudorchog bach Cinnyris chalybeus
Lesser Double-collared sunbird.jpg
Aderyn haul gyddfblaen Anthreptes malacensis
Plain-throated Sunbird.jpg
Aderyn haul y Seychelles Cinnyris dussumieri
Nectarinia dussumieri feeding young.jpg
Anthreptes rhodolaemus Anthreptes rhodolaemus
Anthreptes rhodolaemus, malacensis Keulemans .jpg
Heliwr corynnod bach Arachnothera longirostra
Little spiderhunter India.jpg
Heliwr corynnod brith Arachnothera magna
Streaked Spiderhunter.jpg
Heliwr corynnod Everett Arachnothera everetti Heliwr corynnod hirbig Arachnothera robusta
Arachnothera robusta Keulemans.jpg
Heliwr corynnod pigbraff Arachnothera crassirostris
Arachnothera crassirostris Keulemans.jpg
Heliwr corynnod sbectolog Arachnothera flavigaster
Spectacled-spiderhunter.jpg
Heliwr corynnod Whitehead Arachnothera juliae
ArachnotheraJuliaeKeulemans.jpg
Diwedd y rhestr a gynhyrchwyd yn otomatig o Wicidata.

Gweler hefyd

Cyfeiriadau

  1. Gwefan Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd; adalwyd 30 Medi 2016.
  2. Gwefan Avibase; adalwyd 3 Hydref 2016.
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Aderyn haul deudorchog y Gogledd: Brief Summary ( Galês )

fornecido por wikipedia CY

Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Aderyn haul deudorchog y Gogledd (sy'n enw gwrywaidd; enw lluosog: adar haul deudorchog y Gogledd) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Necterina preussi; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Northern Double-collared sunbird. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Adar haul (Lladin: Nectarinidae) sydd yn urdd y Passeriformes.

Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn N. preussi, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.

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Northern double-collared sunbird ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

The northern double-collared sunbird (Cinnyris reichenowi), is a species of bird in the family Nectariniidae. It is found in Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Sudan, and Uganda.[3]

Description

The northern double-collared sunbird is a medium-sized species. The adult male's head and back is a metallic green that has a steely-blue sheen in some lights. The rump is greyish-brown, the uppertail coverts metallic purple and the tail black, glossed blue. The main flight feathers are dark brown. There is a narrow purple collar beneath the metallic green throat, above a scarlet breast and pale brown belly. There are pale yellow pectoral tufts that are not always visible. The eye is black or dark brown, and the beak and legs are black. The adult female is more drab with upper parts dark olive green and a dark brown tail. The underparts are greyish-olive, the belly being tinged with yellow. The juvenile is similar to the adult female.[3]

Taxonomy

The northern double-collared sunbird Cinnyris reichenowi is part of a large complex of 'double-collared sunbirds' of the genus Cinnyris found throughout sub-Saharan Africa.[4] Mitochondrial data place this species as being most closely related to the southern double-collared sunbird C. chalybea of South Africa, though more research is warranted to confirm this relationship.[5][6]

Classification

Most taxonomic authorities currently recognize two subspecies:[7][8] Cinnyris reichenowi reichenowi of Eastern Africa[9] and C. r. preussi of the Cameroon highlands, Adamawa Plateau, Mt. Cameroon, and Bioko.[10] Three other populations have also been described within the species and later synonymized: C. r. kikuyuensis of the Kenyan highlands,[11] now widely regarded as a synonym of C. r. reichenowi;[12] C. r. genderuensis from Genderu mountain on the Adamawa Plateau, often considered a synonym of C. r. preussi;[13] and C. r. parvirostris from Bioko, considered a synonym of C. r. preussi.[14]

Given the range of variation exhibited across the species' range, subspecific distributions for the aforementioned populations were often uncertain. For example, C. r. preussi was originally believed to be restricted to Mt. Cameroon and adjacent regions, with interior parts of Cameroon being home to C. r. genderuensis.[15][16][17] A recent re-assessment of populations found evidence for the recognition of three subspecies: rift sunbird C. r. reichenowi encompassing all East African populations; volcano sunbird C. r. preussi, found on Bioko, Mt. Cameroon, and the Cameroonian Highlands; and Genderu sunbird C. r. genderuensis, found in the xeric interior Adamawa Plateau of Cameroon, Central African Republic, and probably Nigeria.[6]

Cinnyris reichenowi vs. Nectarinia preussi

Northern double-collared sunbird was originally described as Cinnyris reichenowi from Eastern Africa, but this species was formerly been subsumed within greater Nectarinia along with the majority of African sunbirds, in which case it is referred to as Nectarinia preussi. This shift is due to the fact that golden-winged sunbird Drepanorhynchus reichenowi has taxonomic priority when also included in Nectarinia. This nomenclature shift has caused confusion between northern double-collared sunbirds and golden-winged sunbirds. Furthermore, due to this nomenclature conflict, eastern populations are sometimes referred to as Nectarinia preussi kikuyuensis due to the unavailability of reichenowi within the genus Nectarinia, and the availability of the synonym kikuyuensis.

Ecology

The northern double-collared sunbird is often found in small mixed-species flocks, associating with species like white-eyes (genus Zosterops) and the oriole finch (Linurgus olivaceus). It tends to perch in the mid-storeys of trees, looking from side to side. It feeds on nectar, insects and their larvae, and spiders. The male is territorial and sings vigorously. It is aggressive throughout the year and attacks con-specific males, sometimes resulting in mid-air fights which may continue on the ground. It also does battle with the Cameroon sunbird (Cyanomitra oritis) and the olive-bellied sunbird (Cinnyris chloropygia).[3]

Status

The northern double-collared sunbird is a common species with a very wide range, and the population trend is thought to be steady. No particular threats have been identified and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed the bird's conservation status as being of "least concern".[1]

References

  1. ^ a b BirdLife International (2016). "Cinnyris reichenowi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22717887A94556635. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22717887A94556635.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  2. ^ "Cinnyris reichenowi". Avibase.
  3. ^ a b c Mann, Clive F.; Cheke, Robert A. (2010). Sunbirds: A Guide to the Sunbirds, Flowerpeckers, Spiderhunters and Sugarbirds of the World. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 271–272. ISBN 978-1-4081-3568-6.
  4. ^ Ryan, Peter; Sinclair, Ian (2010). Birds of Africa, south of the Sahara (2nd ed.). Cape Town, South Africa: Struik Nature. ISBN 1770076239.
  5. ^ Bowie, Rauri C. K. (2003). "Birds, molecules, and evolutionary patterns among Africa's islands in the sky. Doctoral Dissertation". Cape Town, South Africa: University of Cape Town. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  6. ^ a b Cooper, Jacob C; Maddox, J Dylan; McKague, Kellie; Bates, John M (2021). "Multiple lines of evidence indicate ongoing allopatric and parapatric diversification in an Afromontane sunbird ( Cinnyris reichenowi )". Ornithology. 138 (2): ukaa081. doi:10.1093/ornithology/ukaa081.
  7. ^ Clements, J. F.; Schulenberg, T. S.; Iliff, Marshall J.; Billerman, S. M.; Fredricks, T. A.; Gerbracht, J. A.; Lepage, Denis; Sullivan, Brian L.; Wood, Christopher L. (2021). "The eBird/Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2021". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  8. ^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, Pamela. "IOC World Bird List 12.1". doi:10.14344/IOC.ML.12.1. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  9. ^ Sharpe, R. B. (1891). "Diagnoses of new species of birds from Central East Africa". Ibis. 33: 443-445.
  10. ^ Reichenow, A. (1892). "Zur Vogelfauna von Kamerun". Journal für Ornithologie. 40: 177-195.
  11. ^ Mearns, E. M. (1915). "Descriptions of new African birds of the genera Francolinus, Chalcopelia, Cinnyris, Chalcomitra, Anthreptes, Estrilda, Halcyon, Melittophagus, and Colius". Proceedings of the United States National Museum. 48: 381–394.
  12. ^ Friedmann, H. (1937). "Birds collected by the Childs Frick Expedition to Ethiopia and Kenya Colony. Part 2. Passeres". Bulletin of the United States National Museum. 153.
  13. ^ Reichenow, A. (1910). "Neue Arten aus Afrika". Ornithologische Monatsberichte. 18: 7-10.
  14. ^ Eisentraut, M. (1965). "Kurze Mitteilungen Über einige Vogelrassen von der Insel Fernando Poo". Journal für Ornithologie. 106: 218–219.
  15. ^ Bates, George Latimer (1924). "On the birds collected in North-western and Northern Cameroon and parts of Northern Nigeria". Ibis. 66: 1-45.
  16. ^ Bannerman, D. A. (1948). The Birds of Tropical West Africa: Volume VI. London, UK: The Crown Agents for the Colonies.
  17. ^ Good, A. I. (1953). The Birds of French Cameroon: Part II. Douala, Cameroon: Memoires de L’Institut Francais d’Afrique Noire.
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Northern double-collared sunbird: Brief Summary ( Inglês )

fornecido por wikipedia EN

The northern double-collared sunbird (Cinnyris reichenowi), is a species of bird in the family Nectariniidae. It is found in Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Sudan, and Uganda.

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Cinnyris reichenowi ( Espanhol; Castelhano )

fornecido por wikipedia ES

El suimanga de Preuss (Cinnyris reichenowi)[2]​ es una especie de ave paseriforme de la familia Nectariniidae.[3]​ Se encuentra en Burundi, Camerún, República Centroafricana, República Democrática del Congo, Guinea Ecuatorial, Kenia, Nigeria, Ruanda, Sudán, y Uganda. Anteriormente se clasificaba en el género Nectarinia).

Descripción

Son aves paseriformes muy pequeñas que se alimentan abundantemente de néctar, aunque también atrapan insectos, especialmente cuando alimentan sus crías. El vuelo con sus alas cortas es rápido y directo.

Subespecies

Comprende las siguientes subespecies:[4]

  • Cinnyris preussi kikuyensis
  • Cinnyris preussi preussi

Referencias

 title=
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Cinnyris reichenowi: Brief Summary ( Espanhol; Castelhano )

fornecido por wikipedia ES

El suimanga de Preuss (Cinnyris reichenowi)​ es una especie de ave paseriforme de la familia Nectariniidae.​ Se encuentra en Burundi, Camerún, República Centroafricana, República Democrática del Congo, Guinea Ecuatorial, Kenia, Nigeria, Ruanda, Sudán, y Uganda. Anteriormente se clasificaba en el género Nectarinia).

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Cinnyris reichenowi ( Basco )

fornecido por wikipedia EU

Cinnyris reichenowi Cinnyris generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Nectariniidae familian sailkatua dago.

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez) IOC Master List

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Cinnyris reichenowi: Brief Summary ( Basco )

fornecido por wikipedia EU

Cinnyris reichenowi Cinnyris generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Nectariniidae familian sailkatua dago.

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Pikkuvuorimedestäjä ( Finlandês )

fornecido por wikipedia FI

Pikkuvuorimedestäjä (Cinnyris reichenowi)[2] on medestäjien heimoon kuuluva varpuslintu.

Levinneisyys

Pikkuvuorimedestäjää tavataan Burundissa, Kamerunissa, Keski-Afrikan tasavallassa, Kongon demokraattisessa tasavallassa, Päiväntasaajan Guineassa, Keniassa, Nigeriassa, Ruandassa, Etelä-Sudanissa, Sudanissa ja Ugandassa. Sitä on kuvattu yleisestä runsaslukuiseksi. Lajin kannankehitys on vakaa, ja se on luokiteltu elinvoimaiseksi.[1]

Lähteet

  1. a b Cinnyris reichenowi IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN, Iucnredlist.org. (englanniksi)
  2. Väisänen, R. A.; Högmander, H.; Björklund, H.; Hänninen, L.; Lammin-Soila, M.; Lokki, J. & Rauste, V.: Maailman lintujen suomenkieliset nimet. 2., uudistettu painos. Helsinki: BirdLife Suomi ry, 2006. Teoksen verkkoversio.
Tämä lintuihin liittyvä artikkeli on tynkä. Voit auttaa Wikipediaa laajentamalla artikkelia.
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Pikkuvuorimedestäjä: Brief Summary ( Finlandês )

fornecido por wikipedia FI

Pikkuvuorimedestäjä (Cinnyris reichenowi) on medestäjien heimoon kuuluva varpuslintu.

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Souimanga de Preuss ( Francês )

fornecido por wikipedia FR

Cinnyris reichenowi

Le Souimanga de Preuss (Cinnyris reichenowi) est une espèce d'oiseaux passereaux de la famille des Nectariniidae.

Répartition

L'espèce est endémique à l'Afrique.

Taxinomie

synonymes
Nectarinia reichenowi, Nectarinia preussi, Cinnyris preussi

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Souimanga de Preuss: Brief Summary ( Francês )

fornecido por wikipedia FR

Cinnyris reichenowi

Le Souimanga de Preuss (Cinnyris reichenowi) est une espèce d'oiseaux passereaux de la famille des Nectariniidae.

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Preuss' honingzuiger ( Neerlandês; Flamengo )

fornecido por wikipedia NL

Vogels

De Preuss' honingzuiger (Cinnyris reichenowi; synoniem: Nectarinia preussi) is een zangvogel uit de familie Nectariniidae (honingzuigers).

Verspreiding en leefgebied

Deze soort telt 2 ondersoorten:

Externe link

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
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Preuss' honingzuiger: Brief Summary ( Neerlandês; Flamengo )

fornecido por wikipedia NL

De Preuss' honingzuiger (Cinnyris reichenowi; synoniem: Nectarinia preussi) is een zangvogel uit de familie Nectariniidae (honingzuigers).

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Preussolfågel ( Sueco )

fornecido por wikipedia SV

Preussolfågel[2] (Cinnyris reichenowi) är en fågel i familjen solfåglar inom ordningen tättingar.[3]

Utbredning och systematik

Preussolfågel delas upp i två distinkta underarter med följande utbredning:[3]

Status

IUCN kategoriserar arten som livskraftig.[1]

Namn

Fågelns svenska artnamn hedrar Paul Preuss (1861-1926), tysk botaniker och samlare av specimen i Västafrika 1886-1888.[4] Det vetenskapliga artnamnet hedrar den tyske ornitologen Anton Reichenow (1847-1941).[4]

Referenser

  1. ^ [a b] Birdlife International 2016 Cinnyris preussi Från: IUCN 2016. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2016.3 www.iucnredlist.org. Läst 2016-12-11.
  2. ^ Sveriges ornitologiska förening (2017) Officiella listan över svenska namn på världens fågelarter, läst 2017-02-14
  3. ^ [a b] Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood (2017) The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 2017 http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download, läst 2017-08-11
  4. ^ [a b] Jobling, J. A. (2016). Key to Scientific Names in Ornithology. Ur del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.) (2016). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. Hämtad från www.hbw.com.

Externa länkar

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Preussolfågel: Brief Summary ( Sueco )

fornecido por wikipedia SV

Preussolfågel (Cinnyris reichenowi) är en fågel i familjen solfåglar inom ordningen tättingar.

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Cinnyris reichenowi ( Vietnamita )

fornecido por wikipedia VI

Cinnyris reichenowi là một loài chim trong họ Nectariniidae.[1]

Chú thích

  1. ^ Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, B.L. Sullivan, C. L. Wood, and D. Roberson (2012). “The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 6.7.”. Truy cập ngày 19 tháng 12 năm 2012.

Tham khảo

Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết Bộ Sẻ này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Cinnyris reichenowi: Brief Summary ( Vietnamita )

fornecido por wikipedia VI

Cinnyris reichenowi là một loài chim trong họ Nectariniidae.

licença
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Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
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