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Bright orange foliose lichen on rock. Surface somewhat coarse. Underside pale, with very few hapters. Apotheciate. All orange pigment K+ instantly deep wine red.
Circumpolar, extending south in mountainous areas. Also in southern hemisphere.
On rock.
Xanthoria parietina has significantly wider, concave lobes (0.7-3.5 mm wide), X. elegans has convex lobes, 0.4-1.3 mm wide.
Xanthoria polycarpa is subfruticose due to ascending lobes, X. elegans is tightly appressed.
Some Xanthomendoza (e.g. X. montana) could be confused, but those species all have conspicuous white rhizines.
Apparently some Caloplaca can occasionally lift sufficiently from the substrate to appear to be foliose (e.g. C. trachyphylla, which has a very similar surficial texture), however close inspection will show that they are still at least partly crustose.
