Comments
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A garden perennial esteemed for its vegetative features and large, plumelike inflorescence, Macleaya cordata occasionally escapes from cultivation, persisting and reproducing fairly successfully. It might be found almost anywhere in temperate North America east of the Mississippi River at elevations below 1000 m.
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Description
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Plants to 25 dm. Stems simple or branching distally. Leaves 10-30 cm long and wide; petiole 2-15(-20) cm; blade broadly ovate-cordate, 7-9-lobed; margins irregularly and coarsely toothed; abaxial surface usually whitish and densely short-pubescent, adaxial glabrous. Inflorescences to 30 cm or more. Flowers: pedicels 4-10 mm; sepals white to cream colored, spatulate, 5-10 mm; style to ca. 1 mm. Capsules oblanceoloid, strongly compressed, 15-20 mm, glabrous. Seeds dark brown, reticulate. 2 n = 20.
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Distribution
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introduced; Ont., Que.; Ala., Conn., Ill., Ind., Maine, Mass., Mich., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., Va., W.Va.; e Asia.
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Flowering/Fruiting
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Flowering summer.
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Habitat
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Deciduous woods, thickets, old fields, ditches, roadsides, pond margins, and along watercourses; 0-800m.
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Synonym
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Bocconia cordata Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 2(2): 841. 1799
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Macleaya cordata
provided by wikipedia EN
Macleaya cordata, the five-seeded plume-poppy,[1] is a species of flowering plant in the poppy family Papaveraceae,[2] which is used ornamentally.[3] It is native to China and Japan. It is a large herbaceous perennial growing to 2.5 m (8 ft) tall by 1 m (3 ft) or more wide, with olive green leaves and airy panicles of buff-white flowers in summer.[4]
Etymology
Xianbei people blowing
boluohui, a kind of horn that the dried stem of
Macleaya cordata is used to imitate
The Latin cordata means "heart-shaped", referring to the leaves.[5] The common name plume poppy is used for plants of the genus Macleaya.
The Chinese name 博落回 (bóluòhúi) is derived from 簸邏迴 (bòluóhúi), the Xianbei name for a musical instrument also known as 大角 (dà jiǎo, "big horn"), because the sound of blowing the dried[note 1] hollow stem resembles the instrument sound.[6]
The Japanese name 竹似草 (takenigusa) means "bamboo-like herb", also referring to its hollow stem.
Cultivation
It self-seeds readily and can be invasive, so in cultivation requires space. It is a popular subject for flower arranging. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[7]
Macleaya × kewensis, bred at Kew Gardens, is a hybrid of M. cordata and M. microcarpa. The cultivar 'Flamingo' has pink tinged flowers, and has also received the Award of Garden Merit.[8]
Other uses
Macleaya cordata is a source of a variety of chemical compounds, mainly isoquinoline alkaloids. The seed oil contains dihydrosanguinarine, dihydrochelerythrine, and twelve fatty acids of which linoleic, oleic, palmitic and stearic acids predominate.[9]
Footnotes
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^ The sap is very poisonous, so the fresh stem should never be blown.
References
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^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
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^ "Macleaya cordata - (Willd.)R.Br". Plants for a Future (PFAF).
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^ Pink, A. (2004). Gardening for the Million. Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.
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^ RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 978-1405332965.
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^ Harrison, Lorraine (2012). RHS Latin for gardeners. United Kingdom: Mitchell Beazley. p. 224. ISBN 9781845337315.
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^ 陳藏器 (739). 本草拾遺 (in Chinese).
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^ "Macleaya cordata". www.rhs.org. Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 1 October 2020.
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^ "RHS Plant Selector - Macleaya × kewensis 'Flamingo'". Retrieved 26 June 2013.
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^ Kosina, P.; Gregorova, J.; Gruz, J.; Vacek, J.; Kolar, M.; Vogel, M.; Roos, W.; Naumann, K.; Simanek, V.; Ulrichova, J. (2010). "Phytochemical and antimicrobial characterization of Macleaya cordata herb". Fitoterapia. 81 (8): 1006–1012. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2010.06.020. PMID 20600683.
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Macleaya cordata: Brief Summary
provided by wikipedia EN
Macleaya cordata, the five-seeded plume-poppy, is a species of flowering plant in the poppy family Papaveraceae, which is used ornamentally. It is native to China and Japan. It is a large herbaceous perennial growing to 2.5 m (8 ft) tall by 1 m (3 ft) or more wide, with olive green leaves and airy panicles of buff-white flowers in summer.
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