Tetradium ruticarpum is a tree that comes from China and Korea. It was previously classified in the genus Euodia as Euodia ruticarpa. The fruit is usually used, denoted sometimes as fructus. It has a strong bitter taste, and is used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and is a recognized herb in Kampo. Both the former genus name and the species name are often misspelled, and the plant usually appears in sources dealing with traditional Chinese medicine as "Evodia(e) rutaecarpa".
Tetradium ruticarpum is grown mainly in China.
The fruit is picked. It may be consumed as food.
In traditional Chinese medicine the herb is described as a fruit.
Tetradium ruticarpum is called 呉茱萸 (Goshuyu) in Japanese, used in Goshuyu-tou and Unkentou (ja:温経湯). These are Kampo (漢方) preparations of mixed herbs, the former named after this plant.[2] The mixture is noted for having a high concentration (132.6 to 706.3 mmol/100 g) of antioxidants, where the other constituents of the mixture rank lower.[3]
Allergic reactions have occasionally been reported in users of medicinal preparations of the plant.
There has been relatively little scientific study of Tetradium ruticarpum except for antioxidant capacity of one of its mixtures.
Notable compounds in T. ruticarpum include:[4]
In rats, the half-lives of most of these compounds was found to be relatively short, between 0.5 - 2 hours.[4]
There are a few variants:[5]
Tetradium ruticarpum is a tree that comes from China and Korea. It was previously classified in the genus Euodia as Euodia ruticarpa. The fruit is usually used, denoted sometimes as fructus. It has a strong bitter taste, and is used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and is a recognized herb in Kampo. Both the former genus name and the species name are often misspelled, and the plant usually appears in sources dealing with traditional Chinese medicine as "Evodia(e) rutaecarpa".
Thôi chanh trắng[2] hay còn gọi chân hương,[3] hảo,[3] thù dù, ngô vu, xà lạp (danh pháp khoa học: Tetradium ruticarpum) là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cửu lý hương. Loài này được (A. Juss.) T.G. Hartley miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1981.[1]
Bài viết họ Cửu lý hương này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Thôi chanh trắng hay còn gọi chân hương, hảo, thù dù, ngô vu, xà lạp (danh pháp khoa học: Tetradium ruticarpum) là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cửu lý hương. Loài này được (A. Juss.) T.G. Hartley miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1981.
吴茱萸（學名Tetradium ruticarpum，原名Euodia ruticarpa），别名吴萸、茶辣、漆辣子、伏辣子、曲药子、气辣子、臭泡子、臭辣子树、左力纯幽子、米辣子等。通常分大花吴茱萸、中花吴茱萸和小花吴茱萸等几个品种。吴茱萸及其变种石虎或疏毛吴茱萸的接近成熟的果实为常用中药。其性热味苦寒，有散热止痛、降逆止呕之功，用于治疗肝胃虚寒、阴浊上逆所致的头痛或胃腕疼痛等症。
吴茱萸为落叶灌木或小乔木，高2.5—10米，生长于温暖地带，在中国主要分布于长江以南地区。幼枝、叶轴、叶柄及花序均覆盖有黄褐色或锈褐色绒毛。老枝呈赤褐色，上面有明显椭圆或扁圆形皮孔。吴茱萸的叶对生，为奇数羽状复叶，小枝叶3-4对，为长椭圆形或卵状椭圆形，长5-14厘米，宽2-6厘米，顶端锐尖或渐尖，叶两面有粗大透明腺点，被淡黄褐色绒毛，叶脉上尤其浓密。芽折有浓到刺鼻的香气。吴茱萸的花为单性，雌雄异株，聚伞状圆锥花序，生于顶部。吴茱萸的花不大，呈黄白色。雄花有5裂萼片，5裂花瓣，5枚雄蕊，子房退化为三棱形，覆盖有绒毛。雌花花瓣比雄花的稍大，内面覆盖长绒毛，柱头退化呈鳞片状，子房上位，有5心皮。蓇葖果为扁球形，紫红色，上面有粗大的腺点，每枚果中含1粒卵球形的种子，黑色且有光泽。春夏之际为花期，夏秋之际为果期。
多以栽培为主。中国明代医药家李时珍在《本草纲目》中记载；"五行志云：合东种自杨、茱萸，增年除害"。
吴茱萸喜欢在温暖湿润、阳光充足的环境中生长，对土壤的要求不严，中性、微碱性或微酸性的土壤都能生长，一般的山坡地、平原、房前屋后、路旁均可种植。野生吴茱萸多生长在疏林中或林缘的空旷地带。
吴茱萸主要病虫害有：褐天牛、柑桔凤蝶、小地老虎、黄地老虎、红腊蚧、矢尖蚧、煤污病、锈病。
吴茱萸移栽2-3年后就可以开花结果。采收时间因品种和种植地点而异。一般在7-8月，当果实由绿色转为橙黄色、尚未开裂时，就可以采收。采摘时间宜在早上有露水时，以减少果实脱落。将果实晒干或低温干燥后搓去果柄、去除杂质即可。通常的植株可连续结果20-30年。吴茱萸的果实容易走失香气、泛油、发霉变味，所以在应放置在阴凉干燥处。
吴茱萸及其变种的接近成熟的果实为常用中药。
吴茱萸的果实呈五角状扁球形，直径2－5毫米。表面呈暗黄绿色或褐色，粗糙且有点状突起或凹下的油点。顶端有五角星状的裂隙，基部残留有覆盖黄色茸毛的果梗。质地硬而脆，气味芳香浓郁，味辛辣而苦。
含有吴茱萸碱(evodiamine)、吴茱萸次碱(rutaecarpine)、羟基吴茱萸碱(hydroxy-evodiamine)、柠檬内酯(limonin)、辛弗林(synephrine)、吴茱萸烯(evodene)等。
性热、味辛、苦，有小毒，归肝，脾，胃经。为常用的温里药。有温中散寒，开郁止痛的功效。长于治疗呕逆吞酸、厥阴头痛、胱腹冷痛、胃冷吐酸、脚气水肿等症，外治口舌生疮。中医以吴茱萸为主药的成方很多，如《丹溪心法》用它治肝火，《千金翼方》中用它治头风，《圣惠方》中用它治胃虚冷等。吴茱萸辛热燥烈，易损气动火，故不宜过量久服，阴虚有热者忌用。
吴茱萸始载于《神农本草经》，被列为中品。《名医别录》中记载：＂吴茱萸生上谷川谷及冤句……九月九日采，阴干。陈久者良。＂唐代陈藏器说：＂茱萸南北总有，入药以吴地者为好，所以有吴之名也。＂宋代苏颂说：＂今处处有之，江浙、蜀汉尤多，木高丈余，皮青绿色，叶似椿而阔厚，紫色，三月开红紫细花，七月、八月结实似椒子，嫩时微黄，至熟则深紫，或云颗粒紧小，经久色青绿者是吴茱萸，颗粒大，经久色黄黑者是食茱萸。＂明代李时珍说：＂茱萸枝柔而肥，叶长而皱，其实结于梢头，垒垒成簇而无核，与椒不同，一种粒大，一种粒小，小者入药为胜。＂李时珍所指粒大的原植物可能是吴茱萸，粒小的原植物可能是石虎。古人重阳节有佩戴茱萸的习惯，唐代诗人王维留有＂遥知兄弟登高处，遍插茱萸少一人。＂的佳句。
有：吴茱萸、吴萸、淡吴萸、制吴萸。药用别名：吴芋、左为、纯幽子、气辣子等。在商品经营和药用处方上，常用其别名吴芋。
吴茱萸（學名Tetradium ruticarpum，原名Euodia ruticarpa），别名吴萸、茶辣、漆辣子、伏辣子、曲药子、气辣子、臭泡子、臭辣子树、左力纯幽子、米辣子等。通常分大花吴茱萸、中花吴茱萸和小花吴茱萸等几个品种。吴茱萸及其变种石虎或疏毛吴茱萸的接近成熟的果实为常用中药。其性热味苦寒，有散热止痛、降逆止呕之功，用于治疗肝胃虚寒、阴浊上逆所致的头痛或胃腕疼痛等症。
ゴシュユ（学名：Tetradium ruticarpum）とはミカン科の植物の一種。（シノニムEuodia ruticarpa）。別名ニセゴシュユ。
中国中～南部に自生する落葉小高木。日本では帰化植物。雌雄異株であるが日本には雄株がなく果実はなっても種ができない。地下茎で繁殖する。8月頃に黄白色の花を咲かせる。
本種またはホンゴシュユ（学名Tetradium ruticarpum var. officinale、シノニムEuodia officinalis）の果実は、呉茱萸（ゴシュユ）という生薬である。独特の匂いと強い苦みを有し、強心作用、子宮収縮作用などがある。呉茱萸湯、温経湯などの漢方方剤に使われる。
有効成分はインドールアルカロイドのエボジアミン（evodiamine）、ルテカルピン（rutaecarpine）[1]、ヒゲナミン（higenamine）、シネフリンなど。
この項目は、植物に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めています（プロジェクト:植物／Portal:植物）。 ゴシュユ（学名：Tetradium ruticarpum）とはミカン科の植物の一種。（シノニムEuodia ruticarpa）。別名ニセゴシュユ。
中国中～南部に自生する落葉小高木。日本では帰化植物。雌雄異株であるが日本には雄株がなく果実はなっても種ができない。地下茎で繁殖する。8月頃に黄白色の花を咲かせる。
