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Tetradium ruticarpum (A. Juss.) T. G. Hartley

Description

provided by eFloras
Shrubs or trees, to 9 m tall. Leaves 15-40 cm, (3 or)5-13(or 15)-foliolate; leaflet blades elliptic to ovate or sometimes lanceolate, oblanceolate, or obovate, 4.5-17 × 2-8 cm, abaxially rarely slightly glaucous and not papillate, secondary veins 9-17 on each side of midvein, reticulate veinlets abaxially ± inconspicuous and ± loose, base in lateral leaflets obtuse to narrowly cuneate or sometimes rounded to cuneate or rarely attenuate, margin entire or irregularly crenulate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences 2.5-18 cm. Flowers (4 or)5-merous. Sepals 0.5-1.2 mm. Petals green, yellow, or white but drying brown to whitish, 3-5 mm, outside glabrous or with sparse short trichomes, inside nearly glabrous to villous. Ovary glabrous or with sparse trichomes; ovules 2 per carpel, collateral or subcollateral. Fruit (including abortive carpels, if any) usually 5-carpelled; follicles subglobose, 3.5-6 mm, glabrous or sometimes with sparse trichomes, apex not beaked; endocarp glabrous. Seeds 1 per follicle but paired with an abortive seed, ovoid or sometimes ellipsoid or subglobose, 3.5-5.5 mm, attached in dehisced follicle to axile strip of pergamentaceous pericarp tissue; seed coat with thick inner layer of dense black sclerenchyma and spongy outer layer bounded externally by a shiny black pellicle. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. Aug-Nov.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 11: 67, 68, 69 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
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eFloras.org
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Distribution

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Anhui, Fujian, S Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, S Henan, Hubei, Hunan, S Jiangsu, Jiangxi, S Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, NE India, Myanmar, Nepal].
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 11: 67, 68, 69 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Habitat

provided by eFloras
Forests, thickets, open places; 100-3000 m.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 11: 67, 68, 69 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Synonym

provided by eFloras
Boymia ruticarpa A. Jussieu, Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 12: 507. 1825; Ampacus ruticarpa (A. Jussieu) Kuntze; Euodia baberi Rehder & E. H. Wilson, p.p. as to E. H. Wilson 1164 p.p. Oct 1908 (see also synonymy of Tetradium daniellii); E. bodinieri Dode; E. compacta Handel-Mazzetti; E. compacta var. meionocarpa Handel-Mazzetti; E. hirsutifolia Hayata; E. officinalis Dode; E. rugosa Rehder & E. H. Wilson; E. ruticarpa (A. Jussieu) Bentham; E. ruticarpa var. bodinieri (Dode) C. C. Huang; E. ruticarpa var. officinalis (Dode) C. C. Huang.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 11: 67, 68, 69 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Tetradium ruticarpum

provided by wikipedia EN

Tetradium ruticarpum is a tree that comes from China and Korea. It was previously classified in the genus Euodia as Euodia ruticarpa. The fruit is usually used, denoted sometimes as fructus. It has a strong bitter taste, and is used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and is a recognized herb in Kampo. Both the former genus name and the species name are often misspelled, and the plant usually appears in sources dealing with traditional Chinese medicine as "Evodia(e) rutaecarpa".

Production

Cultivation

Tetradium ruticarpum is grown mainly in China.

Harvesting

The fruit is picked. It may be consumed as food.

Traditional medicine

Traditional Chinese medicine

In traditional Chinese medicine the herb is described as a fruit.

Kampo

Tetradium ruticarpum is called 呉茱萸 (Goshuyu) in Japanese, used in Goshuyu-tou and Unkentou (ja:温経湯). These are Kampo (漢方) preparations of mixed herbs, the former named after this plant.[2] The mixture is noted for having a high concentration (132.6 to 706.3 mmol/100 g) of antioxidants, where the other constituents of the mixture rank lower.[3]

Contraindications

Allergic reactions have occasionally been reported in users of medicinal preparations of the plant.

Biochemical analysis

There has been relatively little scientific study of Tetradium ruticarpum except for antioxidant capacity of one of its mixtures.

Notable compounds in T. ruticarpum include:[4]

alkaloids:

flavonoids:

In rats, the half-lives of most of these compounds was found to be relatively short, between 0.5 - 2 hours.[4]

Variants

There are a few variants:[5]

  • var. officinalis
  • var bodinieri (Dode) Huang

References

  1. ^ "Tetradium ruticarpum (A.Juss.) T.G.Hartley". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 21 November 2014 – via The Plant List. Note that this website has been superseded by World Flora Online
  2. ^ "Kampo virtual class | Japanese Kampo Medicine|Kampo Igaku Center Keio University Medical School".
  3. ^ Carlsen, MH; Halvorsen, BL; Holte, K; Bøhn, SK; Dragland, S; Sampson, L; Willey, C; Senoo, H; Umezono, Y; Sanada, C; Barikmo, I; Berhe, N; Willett, WC; Phillips, KM; Jacobs, DR; Blomhoff, R (2010). "The total antioxidant content of more than 3100 foods, beverages, spices, herbs and supplements used worldwide". Nutr J. 9: 3. doi:10.1186/1475-2891-9-3. PMC 2841576. PMID 20096093.
  4. ^ a b Hu, Chuan-Qin; Li, Fei; Yang, Xiu-Wei (April 2012). "Simultaneous determination and pharmacokinetic analysis of seven alkaloids and two flavonoids from rat plasma by HPLC–DAD after oral administration of Wuzhuyu decoction". Journal of Asian Natural Products Research. 14 (4): 370–381. doi:10.1080/10286020.2012.656093.
  5. ^ "Goshuyu".
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Wikipedia authors and editors
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Tetradium ruticarpum: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Tetradium ruticarpum is a tree that comes from China and Korea. It was previously classified in the genus Euodia as Euodia ruticarpa. The fruit is usually used, denoted sometimes as fructus. It has a strong bitter taste, and is used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and is a recognized herb in Kampo. Both the former genus name and the species name are often misspelled, and the plant usually appears in sources dealing with traditional Chinese medicine as "Evodia(e) rutaecarpa".

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN