dcsimg

Description

provided by eFloras
Plants (1--)1.5--3 m tall. Rhizomes procumbent above ground, clothed with brown, scalelike sheaths. Leaves sessile or subsessile; leaf sheath with netlike, depressed squares; ligule semiorbicular, 3--5 mm; leaf blade lanceolate to linear, 25--35 × 3--7 cm, glabrous, base subrounded, apex caudate. Spikes ellipsoid; peduncle 4--8 cm, scalelike sheaths brown or green, elliptic; bracts lanceolate, ca. 1.8 cm × 5 mm; bracteoles tubular, ca. 1 cm. Calyx white, ca. 1.7 cm, slightly pubescent, apex 3-toothed. Corolla tube ca. 1.8 cm; lobes white, obovate-oblong, 1.6--2 cm × 5--7 mm. Labellum white with yellow, purple-tinged midvein, 2 purple spots at base, and yellow apex, orbicular-spatulate, 1.6--2 cm wide, midvein convex, base contracted into claw, apex reflexed, 2-cleft. Filament 5--6 mm; anther ca. 6 mm; connective appendage 3-lobed, central lobe semiorbicular, ca. 3 × 4 mm, lateral ones auriculate. Ovary white pubescent. Capsule purple, green, or brownish when mature and fresh, brown when dry, ellipsoid, 1.5--2 × 1.2--2 cm, with branched or simple, soft spines. Seeds many angled, strongly aromatic. Fl. May--Jun, fr. Aug--Sep.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 24: 353 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Distribution

provided by eFloras
Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan [Cambodia, India, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 24: 353 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Habitat

provided by eFloras
Forests, cultivated in wet and shady places in sparse forests; 100--800 m.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 24: 353 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Wurfbainia villosa

provided by wikipedia EN

Wurfbainia villosa, also known by its basionym Amomum villosum,[2] (Chinese: 砂仁; pinyin: shārén) is a plant in the ginger family that is grown throughout Southeast Asia and in South China.[3] Similar to cardamom, the plant is cultivated for its fruits, which dry into pods when mature and contain strongly aromatic seeds.[4] W. villosa is an evergreen plant in the ginger family, grow in the shade of the tree, 1.5 to 3.0 m high, whose branches and leaves are similar to ginger's. W. villosa has a characteristic that flowers spread on the ground can bear fruit while flowers on the branches can not. Its flowers bloom in March and April and are the colour of white jade.

Use in cuisine

The Wurfbainia villosa seed is used as a spice, including some versions of five-spice powder in Chinese cooking.[5] The pods are used in Chinese cuisine for flavour.[4] Since the Tang dynasty, many ancient books, such as the Compendium of Materia Medica, say W. villosa tastes acrid, fresh, and slightly bitter.

Conservation

Due to the demand for seeds and ripe fruits, and to curb slash-and-burn activities in forests by local populations, cultivation of W. villosa and coplantings with rubber trees has been encouraged by the governments of Yunnan and Guangdong, China.[6] However, the extensive cultivation of W. villosa in forests has resulted in the reduction of species diversity in the rainforests of Southwest China.[7]

References

  1. ^ Leong-Skornickova, J.; Tran, H.D.; Newman, M.; Lamxay, V.; Bouamanivong, S. (2019). "Wurfbainia villosa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T202235A132696966. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T202235A132696966.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  2. ^ POWO: Wurfbainia villosa (Lour.) Skornick. & A.D.Poulsen (retrieved 15 July 2020)
  3. ^ "Amomum villosum", Encyclopedia of Life
  4. ^ a b G. Li; A.J. Chen; X.Y. Chen; X.L. Li & W.W. Gao (2010), "First report of Amomum villosum (cardamom) leaf lesion caused by Pyricularia costina in China", New Disease Reports, 22 (2): 2, doi:10.5197/j.2044-0588.2010.022.002
  5. ^ "Back to basics - Homemade five spice powder". Sunflower Food Galore. 11 February 2011. Retrieved 23 February 2021.
  6. ^ Zhou, Shouqing (1993), "Cultivation of Amomum villosum in tropical forests", Forest Ecology and Management, 60 (1–2): 157–162, doi:10.1016/0378-1127(93)90029-M
  7. ^ Liu, Hongmao; Gao, Lei; Zheng, Zheng; Feng, Zhili (2006), "The impact of Amomum villosum cultivation on seasonal rainforest in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China", Biodiversity and Conservation, 15 (9): 2971–2985, doi:10.1007/s10531-005-3876-4, S2CID 10958050

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN

Wurfbainia villosa: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Wurfbainia villosa, also known by its basionym Amomum villosum, (Chinese: 砂仁; pinyin: shārén) is a plant in the ginger family that is grown throughout Southeast Asia and in South China. Similar to cardamom, the plant is cultivated for its fruits, which dry into pods when mature and contain strongly aromatic seeds. W. villosa is an evergreen plant in the ginger family, grow in the shade of the tree, 1.5 to 3.0 m high, whose branches and leaves are similar to ginger's. W. villosa has a characteristic that flowers spread on the ground can bear fruit while flowers on the branches can not. Its flowers bloom in March and April and are the colour of white jade.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN