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Urocystales ( German )

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Die Urocystales sind eine Gruppe der Brandpilze (Ustilaginomycotina). Alle Vertreter sind Parasiten an Blütenpflanzen. Sie besitzen wenige gemeinsame Merkmale, alle Vertreter mit Ausnahme von Mycosyrinx bilden Haustorien und einen gleichartigen Septalporen-Apparat.

Systematik

Die Urocystales bilden als monophyletische Gruppe eine Ordnung der Ustilaginomycetes.[1]

Die Urocystales selbst werden von Begerow et al. (2006) wie folgt untergliedert:

  • Doassansiopsaceae Begerow, R. Bauer & Oberw.
    • Doassansiopsis (Setch.) Dietel. Sie bilden komplexe Sporenbälle mit einer zentralen Masse aus pseudoparenchymatischen Zellen, die von einer Lage heller Teliosporen sowie einer äußeren Rinde steriler Zelle umgeben ist.
  • Mycosyringaceae R. Bauer & Oberw.
    • Mycosyrinx Beck. Die Vertreter bilden paarige Teliosporen und parasitieren Vertreter der Familie Vitaceae. Reife Septen besitzen keine Poren.
  • Urocystaceae Begerow, R. Bauer & Oberw. Diese Familie umfasst morphologisch unterschiedliche Gattungen, alle besitzen jedoch farbige Teliosporen. Die meisten Arten bilden die Teliosporen in Bällen. Es kommen sowohl Holo- wie Phragmobasidien vor. Wirtspflanzen sind sowohl Ein- wie Zweikeimblättrige Pflanzen.
  • Fereydouniaceae S. Nasr, M.R. Soudi, H.D.T. Nguyen, M. Lutz & M. Piątek: hefeähnliche Pilze aus dem Iran mit nur der Gattung Fereydounia. 2014 neu beschrieben.[2]

Belege

  • Dominik Begerow, Matthias Stoll, Robert Bauer: A phylogenetic hypothesis of Ustilaginomycotina based on multiple gene analyses and morphological data. Mycologia, Band 98, 2006, S. 906–916. doi:10.3852/mycologia.98.6.906

Einzelnachweise

  1. DS Hibbett und 66 weitere Autoren: A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi. Mycological research, Band 111, 2007, S. 509–547. PMID 17572334 (PDF; 1,3 MB)
  2. Shaghayegh Nasr & Mohammad Reza Soudi & Seyed Abolhassan Shahzadeh Fazeli & Hai D. T. Nguyen & Matthias Lutz & Marcin Piątek. Expanding evolutionary diversity in the Ustilaginomycotina: Fereydouniaceae fam. nov. and Fereydounia gen. nov., the first urocystidalean yeast lineage. Mycol Progress (2014) 13:1217–1226. doi:10.1007/s11557-014-1012-0

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Urocystales: Brief Summary ( German )

provided by wikipedia DE

Die Urocystales sind eine Gruppe der Brandpilze (Ustilaginomycotina). Alle Vertreter sind Parasiten an Blütenpflanzen. Sie besitzen wenige gemeinsame Merkmale, alle Vertreter mit Ausnahme von Mycosyrinx bilden Haustorien und einen gleichartigen Septalporen-Apparat.

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Urocystidales

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The Urocystidales are an order of fungi within the class Ustilaginomycetes. The order contains 6 families and about 400 genera. They are a sister order to Ustilaginales.

Urocystidales is also known and classified as the smut fungi.[3] They are serious plant pathogens, Urocystis, is one of the representative genera of the order, it is an example of a smut genus that has a wide host range. The type species Urocystis occulta (Wallr.) A.A. Fisch. Waldh (1867), was described as a pathogen on rye (Secale cereale).[4] They are found in marine and terrestrial environments.[1] The aquatic members of the Doassansiopsis genera are found in the tropics or subtropics.[5]

Morphology

They are distinguished from other fungi by the existence of haustoria (root-like structure) and pores in the septa of soral hyphae.[6][7]

Families

It was formed in 1997,[7] and consisted (then) of 4 families, (Doassansiopsidaceae, Glomosporiaceae, Melanotaeniaceae and Urocystidaceae with 1 genus.[8]

Later, Melanotaeniaceae was moved to the Ustilaginales order by Begerow et al. in 2006,[6][9] and others were added such as Fereydouniaceae and Floromycetaceae in 2014 S. Nasr, Soudi, H.D.T. Nguyen, M. Lutz & Piątek, and Mycosyringaceae in 2008.[6][10]

As accepted by GBIF[11] and others;[12]

Figures in brackets are approx. how many species per family.[11]

Note the DNA of family 'Doassansiopsidaceae has been studied.[13]

Ecology

The leaves of the water-lily (Nymphaea nouchali) can be affected by the water-born fungi, Doassansiopsis nymphaea.[14]

The leaves of Caldesia parnassifolia (Alisma reniforme) can be affected by the water-born fungi, Doassansiopsis hydrophila (A.Dietr.) Lavrov (syn Doassansiopsis martianoffiana).[15]

References

  1. ^ a b "Urocystidales". www.marinespecies.org. WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
  2. ^ Urocystidales in MycoBank.
  3. ^ Lutz, Matthias; Vánky, Kálmán; Bauer, Robert (2012). "Melanoxa, a new genus in the Urocystidales (Ustilaginomycotina)". Mycological Progress. 11: 149–158.
  4. ^ "Urocystis occulta CBS 102.71 v1.0". mycocosm.jgi.doe.gov. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
  5. ^ E. B. Gareth Jones, Kevin D Hyde and Ka-Lai Pang (editors) Freshwater Fungi: and Fungal-like Organisms (2014), p. 113, at Google Books
  6. ^ a b c David J. McLaughlin and Joseph W. Spatafora (editors)Systematics and Evolution: Part A, Part 1 (2014), p. 318, at Google Books
  7. ^ a b R., Bauer; F., Oberwinkler; K., Vánky (1997). "Ultrastructural markers and systematics in smut fungi and allied taxa". Can. J. Bot. 75: 1273–1314. doi:10.1139/b97-842.
  8. ^ Geoffrey Clough Ainsworth Ainsworth & Bisby's Dictionary of the Fungi (2008), p. 715, at Google Books
  9. ^ Begerow D, Stoll M, Bauer R.2006. A phylogenetic hypothesis of Ustilaginomycotina based on multiple gene analyses and morphological data. Mycologia 98: 906–916
  10. ^ Vánky K, Lutz M, Bauer R.2008. About the genus Thecaphora (Glomosporiaceae) and its new synonyms. Mycological Progress 7: 31–39
  11. ^ a b "Urocystidales". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 14 August 2022.
  12. ^ Outline of Basidiomycota, Mao-Qiang He, Rui-Lin Zhao, in Encyclopedia of Mycology, 2021
  13. ^ Begerow, D., Bauer, R. & Oberwinkler, F. 1998. Phylogenetic studies on nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA sequences of smut fungi and related taxa. – Canadian Journal of Botany 75[1997]: 2045-2056.
  14. ^ Dr.V.R. Patil Research on Fresh water fungi (2015), p. 113, at Google Books
  15. ^ B D Borse, K N Borse, S Y Patil, C M Pawara, L C Nemade and V R Patil Freshwater Higher Fungi of India (2015), p. 178, at Google Books
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Urocystidales: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

The Urocystidales are an order of fungi within the class Ustilaginomycetes. The order contains 6 families and about 400 genera. They are a sister order to Ustilaginales.

Urocystidales is also known and classified as the smut fungi. They are serious plant pathogens, Urocystis, is one of the representative genera of the order, it is an example of a smut genus that has a wide host range. The type species Urocystis occulta (Wallr.) A.A. Fisch. Waldh (1867), was described as a pathogen on rye (Secale cereale). They are found in marine and terrestrial environments. The aquatic members of the Doassansiopsis genera are found in the tropics or subtropics.

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Urocystidiales ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Urocystales es un orden de hongos basidiomiceto.

Referencias

  1. Bauer, R. (1997). «Ultrastructural markers and systematics in smut fungi and allied taxa». Can. J. Bot. 75 (8): 1273-1314. doi:10.1139/b97-842.
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Urocystidiales: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Urocystales es un orden de hongos basidiomiceto.

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Urocystidales ( French )

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Les Urocystidales sont un ordre de champignons basidiomycètes de la classe des Ustilaginomycetes.

Liste des familles

Selon Catalogue of Life (17 novembre 2014)[1] :

Liste des familles, genres, espèces et non-classés

Selon NCBI (17 novembre 2014)[2] :

Notes et références

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Urocystidales: Brief Summary ( French )

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Les Urocystidales sont un ordre de champignons basidiomycètes de la classe des Ustilaginomycetes.

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Urocystales ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Schimmels

De Urocystales vormen een orde van branden (Ustilaginomycetes) uit de subklasse van de Ustilaginomycetidae. Er zijn 26 soorten bekend die tot deze orde behoren.

Taxonomie

De taxonomische indeling van de Urocystales is als volgt:

Orde: Urocystales

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Urocystales: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

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De Urocystales vormen een orde van branden (Ustilaginomycetes) uit de subklasse van de Ustilaginomycetidae. Er zijn 26 soorten bekend die tot deze orde behoren.

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Urocystidales ( Polish )

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Urocystidales R. Bauer & Oberw. – rząd grzybów z klasy głowniaków (Ustilaginomycetes)[1]. W niektórych opracowaniach opisywany jest jako Urocystales.

Charakterystyka

Grzyby mikroskopijne, pasożyty roślin. Ich strzępki tworzą ssawki wnikające do komórek zaatakowanych roślin. Strzępki podzielone są poprzecznymi przegrodami, w środku których jest otwór okryty z obydwu stron błoniastymi kapturkami. Otwór przegrody zamykany jest przez dwie płytki. Przechodzą złożony cykl rozwojowy, podczas którego wytwarzają kilka rodzajów zarodników. U niektórych gatunków zarodniki płciowe (bazydiospory kiełkując tworzą 4-komórkową przedgrzybnię. Liczne gatunki tworzą kłębki zarodników składające się z komórek pseudoparencymy do których silnie przylegają ustilospory. Z zewnątrz taki kłębek otoczony jest płonnymi komórkami[2].

Systematyka

Pozycja w klasyfikacji według Index Fungorum

Incertae sedis, Ustilaginomycetes, Ustilaginomycotina, Basidiomycota, Fungi [1].

Taksonomia

Według aktualizowanej klasyfikacji Index Fungorum bazującej na Dictionary of the Fungi do rzędu tego należą rodziny[3]:

Nazwy naukowe na podstawie Index Fungorum[4].

Przypisy

  1. a b Index Fungorum (ang.). [dostęp 2017=01-10].
  2. Joanna Marcinkowska: Oznaczanie rodzajów grzybów sensu lato ważnych w fitopatologii. Warszawa: PWRiL, 2012. ISBN 978-83-09-01048-7.
  3. CABI databases (ang.). [dostęp 2017-01-10].
  4. Index Fungorum (gatunki) (ang.). [dostęp 2015-12-16].
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Urocystidales: Brief Summary ( Polish )

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Urocystidales R. Bauer & Oberw. – rząd grzybów z klasy głowniaków (Ustilaginomycetes). W niektórych opracowaniach opisywany jest jako Urocystales.

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Urocystales ( Portuguese )

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Urocystales é uma ordem de fungos da classe Ustilaginomycetes, no subfilo Ustilaginomycotina de Basidiomycota. Todosos respresentantes desta ordem são parasitas de plantas com flor. Possuem poucas características comuns, e todos com excepção de Mycosyrinx formam haustórios. Trata-se de um grupo monofilético.[3]

Referências

  1. Bauer, R.; et al. (1997). «Ultrastructural markers and systematics in smut fungi and allied taxa». Can. J. Bot. 75: 1273–1314. doi:10.1139/b97-842
  2. Dominik Begerow, Matthias Stoll, Robert Bauer: A phylogenetic hypothesis of Ustilaginomycotina based on multiple gene analyses and morphological data. Mycologia, Band 98, 2006, S. 906-916. doi:10.3852/mycologia.98.6.906
  3. DS Hibbett e 66 outros autores: A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi. Mycological research, Band 111, 2007, S. 509-547. PMID 17572334 (PDF)
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Urocystales: Brief Summary ( Portuguese )

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Urocystales é uma ordem de fungos da classe Ustilaginomycetes, no subfilo Ustilaginomycotina de Basidiomycota. Todosos respresentantes desta ordem são parasitas de plantas com flor. Possuem poucas características comuns, e todos com excepção de Mycosyrinx formam haustórios. Trata-se de um grupo monofilético.

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